EP3515152A2 - Élément de production de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Élément de production de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3515152A2
EP3515152A2 EP18213841.2A EP18213841A EP3515152A2 EP 3515152 A2 EP3515152 A2 EP 3515152A2 EP 18213841 A EP18213841 A EP 18213841A EP 3515152 A2 EP3515152 A2 EP 3515152A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
electrical insulation
ptc element
support points
generating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18213841.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3515152A3 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Walz
Ahmad Asafi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Catem GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3515152A2 publication Critical patent/EP3515152A2/fr
Publication of EP3515152A3 publication Critical patent/EP3515152A3/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/03—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/04—Positive or negative temperature coefficients, e.g. PTC, NTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat generating element of an electric heater.
  • the present invention intends to specify a heat-generating element of an electrical auxiliary heater of a motor vehicle.
  • the present invention relates to a heat-generating element having a PTC element and strip conductors resting on both sides and an electrical insulation which is applied to the strip conductors on the outside.
  • Such a heat-generating element is from the EP 1 916 873 A1 known.
  • This document discloses an embodiment in which the conductor tracks are covered in the form of contact plates on the outside with an insulating layer, which is formed by a ceramic plate.
  • the ceramic plate is connected together with the associated conductor in the form of a contact plate by encapsulation with a plastic frame.
  • EP 2 873 296 A1 disclose other solutions in which the electrical insulation is glued in the form of a multilayer insulation layer on a contact sheet forming the conductor track.
  • the present invention is based on the problem of specifying a heat-generating element with improved efficiency.
  • At least one of the conductor tracks preferably both through an apertured provided form electrically conductive element having in the height direction of the conductor track discrete, usually provided in a regular grid support points which abut the PTC element and / or the electrical insulation, wherein free spaces within the conductor track are filled by an adhesive mass.
  • the support points project in the direction of the PTC element or the electrical insulation in the case of basically planar overlap (completely or partially) of conductor track and PTC element or electrical insulation.
  • the openings are usually formed in the vertical direction continuously in the conductor track.
  • the support points are usually in one or two mutually parallel planes, namely a first plane adjacent to the PTC element, and / or a second plane adjacent to the electrical insulation.
  • This solution has the advantage that the electrically conductive element rests on discrete support points on the PTC element, so that a safe introduction of the power current is ensured in the PTC element.
  • a direct metallic contact between the PTC element and the electrical insulation results via the electrically conductive element, so that there is an improved heat conduction from the PTC element to the surface of the electrical insulation.
  • the track is further provided with apertures so that the adhesive mass may extend directly between the surface of the PTC element and the surface of the electrical insulation, thereby providing improved adhesion between the two parts.
  • the adhesive mass substantially completely fills all the spaces within the trace provided between the PTC element and the electrical insulation. Essentially means that a complete filling is also given for any remaining in the mass air bubbles or voids.
  • the adhesive mass surrounds circumferentially individual support points also circumferentially.
  • the discrete support points are correspondingly surrounded in a plan view of the contact surface of the PTC element and / or the electrical insulation in each case also circumferentially of the adhesive mass. Accordingly, in a cross-sectional view through the conductor track, a complete covering of the conductor track with the adhesive mass results, so that an intimate bond between the electrically conductive core and the adhesive mass results and thus a good connection between all components of the heat-generating element.
  • the preferred complete filling of the remaining free spaces of the electrically conductive element with the adhesive mass has the advantage that the heat conduction even at locations where the electrically conductive element is not applied to both sides of the electrical insulation and the PTC element, a good heat conduction the track is given.
  • the adhesive mass itself can be provided with highly thermally conductive particles, for example with aluminum oxide particles.
  • the electrically conductive element can project beyond the edge of the PTC element and be provided there with a contact tongue or another connection possibility for the power current.
  • a cable for the power current can be connected directly to the wire mesh.
  • the wire mesh may form a support surface for one or more PTC elements.
  • a plurality of PTC elements are usually provided in the longitudinal direction of an elongated heat-generating element behind each other and each contacted with the electrically conductive element.
  • an electric heater for the air heating as he, for example, from EP 1 768 457 A1 or EP 2 873 296 A1 is known.
  • the electrically conductive element is formed by a wire mesh, in particular a wire mesh.
  • the conductive path that leads the power current to the PTC element and is contacted with the PTC element is formed by a wire mesh, in particular a wire mesh.
  • a wire mesh according to the present invention is usually formed by braided wire material.
  • a strand of wire is placed alternately under or over itself transverse to this wire strand extending further strands.
  • the wire strand adjacent to the wire strand is provided exactly offset thereto, so that a tissue results with wire strands extending at right angles thereto, which are in each case positively and / or non-positively connected to each other, so as to form a stable fabric.
  • the greatest height of the braid usually results. This highest point determines the thickness of the wire mesh.
  • the strands can also be welded.
  • the electrically conductive element may also be formed by expanded metal or a perforated plate which is stamped such that it has support points bent out of the plane of the sheet for engagement with the PTC element or the insulating layer.
  • the perforated plate can lie flat on one side, for example on the electrical insulation, whereas on the other side the discrete support points are provided, which rest at points on the PTC element and contact it.
  • a selective contact of the PTC element is regardless of the concrete realization of the support points (whether wire mesh, wire mesh, expanded metal or perforated plate) for safe introduction of the power current in the PTC element advantageous.
  • the perforated plate can also be punched so that it has bent out on both levels support points, so that it - as in the embodiment of a wire mesh or an expanded metal - rests on both sides of the discrete support points on the electrical insulation and the PTC element.
  • the distance between the PTC element and the electrical insulation should correspond to the thickness of the wire mesh.
  • the element between the electrical insulation which is preferably formed as a rigid layer, for example as a ceramic layer, and the surface of the PTC element, preferably with a certain contact force, which is created by the fact that free spaces within the Elements are filled with the adhesive mass, which is applied to the preferred curing of the adhesive mass from the outside pressure.
  • the element is placed firmly against the surface of the PTC element and / or the inner surface of the electrical insulation at the points of highest thickness.
  • the electrical insulation can also be formed by an electrically insulating film.
  • the electrically conductive element may be formed of a metallic wire or sheet or an electrically conductive wire or sheet of another material, for example carbon. It is also possible to connect strands of different materials in the mesh or fabric, on the one hand to ensure the necessary integrity of the wireform, on the other hand a sufficient power line and finally the lowest possible weight. It is advantageous to thin the wires.
  • the wires should be one Thickness from 0.15 mm (mesh 0.3 mm) to max. 0.3 mm (mesh 0.6 mm). Compression reduces the thickness by about 30-50% and increases the rigidity. Thus, a larger aperture can be selected, saving costs and material. Thus, less adhesive mass can be used, which improves heat transfer.
  • the thicknesses given above refer to an approximately 50% compressed wire.
  • the compression for strength increase can be between 30% and 50%. By means of pressure, the wire mesh can be compressed. This results in a higher stability and lower deformability.
  • the electrical and thermal contact resistance are improved.
  • the conductor preferably consists only of these two components.
  • the heat-generating element may comprise, in a manner known per se, a position frame which holds a plurality of PTC elements in a predetermined position, as is known EP 1 768 457 A1 or. EP 2 873 296 A1 is known.
  • a positioning frame can cover and seal the edge of the PTC elements.
  • Upper or lower side, the position frame may be provided in a conventional manner with a plate-shaped electrical insulation, such as a ceramic layer. In between there is the wire mesh which, together with the adhesive mass, bonds the ceramic layer to the PTC element and, if appropriate, the position frame, and to form a unit.
  • the heat-generating element can also undergo a specific embodiment, as they basically EP 1 872 986 A1 or. EP 2 337 425 A1 is known.
  • the conductor track is provided on the outside with an insulating layer.
  • Such an insulating layer on the outer side of the conductor track is imperatively required for heat-generating elements which are operated, for example, in an electric vehicle with high-voltage. But even with electric heaters in a motor vehicle, which are operated for example with 12 V, electrical insulation is advantageous to avoid short circuits.
  • the present invention offers the possibility of good heat dissipation due to a small layer thickness of the conductor in a cost-effective and simple construction of the conductor.
  • the heat-generating element can also be provided with an EMC protection, for example, be enveloped with an electrically conductive film. Also, edge regions of the heat-generating element can be encapsulated for sealing and sealing.
  • Fig. 6 a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5 .
  • the Fig. 1 shows in perspective a wire mesh with a plurality of wire strands 2, which are interwoven.
  • the wire strands 2 each extend at right angles to each other and are alternately passed over and under each other, so that the braid results in the usual way.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of the embodiment with a PTC element 4 only partially shown, which is provided on its surface 6 in a conventional manner with a metallization.
  • the wire mesh 1 is located at those points where two strands 2 intersect and abut each other.
  • a corresponding system results on the opposite side for a marked with reference numeral 8 electrical insulation in the form of a ceramic plate.
  • the woven configuration of the individual wire strands 2 they extend at their respective point of contact with an inner surface 10 of the electrical insulation 8 or the surface 6 of the PTC element 4 in the direction of the respectively opposite surface 6, 10 the two surfaces 6, 10 and the respective strand 2 clearances, which are filled by an adhesive mass forming adhesive 12.
  • Also provided as openings 14, in the Usually square clearances between the crossing wire strands 2 are filled with the adhesive 12 (see. Fig. 1 ).
  • the wire mesh 1 is usually placed on the surface of the PTC element 4. Thereafter, the adhesive 12 is applied to the wire mesh 1.
  • the plate-shaped electrical insulation 8 is applied to the adhesive and pressed in the direction of the PTC element 4. As a result, excess adhesive material is displaced beyond the edge of the PTC element 4. This volumetric displacement is completed when the wire mesh 1 is applied in each case at points to the PTC element 4 and the electrical insulation via the plurality of support points, which is formed at the intersections of the wire strands 2.
  • the present invention then provides a small thickness conductive trace reliably bonded to the PTC element and electrical insulation 8.
  • the adhesive bond is durable. A detachment is not to be feared. Due to the good contact voltage can be ensured without voltage drop.
  • the wire mesh ensures reliable power input .
  • the production of the heat-generating element according to the invention requires only the one-time application of an adhesive, whereas conventionally had to be applied on both sides of a contact plate and thus twice.
  • the wire mesh 1 acts Furthermore, as a reinforcement and accordingly increases the shear and peel strength of the mechanical connection between the electrical insulation 8 and the PTC element 4.
  • the wire mesh 4 is also suitable in an improved manner to compensate for thermal expansion, without causing a detachment of the adhesive bond ,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an alternative embodiment of an apertured strip conductor in the form of an expanded metal 16, which is primarily sheet of aluminum or copper with a material thickness between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm.
  • the sectional view according to Fig. 4 illustrates the plurality of support points 18 formed by the expanded metal 16, via which the electrically conductive path located between the PTC element 4 and the electrical insulation can abut the PTC element at least via discrete contact points.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment of a punched perforated plate 20, which formed by punching or deep drawing from the actual plane E of the sheet material bent out support points 22, 24.
  • the support points 22, 24 each have a central bore 26, via which the adhesive mass can adhere to the respectively provided there PTC element or the insulating layer.
  • the perforated plate 20 in the present case has a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.4 mm and consists of aluminum or copper or an alloy thereof.
  • the support points 22, 24 are formed by deep drawing. In particular, between the support points larger areas arise as adhesive zones in which the adhesive mass can accumulate reinforced.
  • the perforated plate 20 may have flattened tabs for voltage input, are plugged onto the tab or which form tabs. In other words, can be integrally formed by the electrically conductive element and a contact surface for plug contacting the conductor track.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
EP18213841.2A 2017-12-22 2018-12-19 Élément de production de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique Pending EP3515152A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017223782.1A DE102017223782A1 (de) 2017-12-22 2017-12-22 Wärmeerzeugendes Element einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3515152A2 true EP3515152A2 (fr) 2019-07-24
EP3515152A3 EP3515152A3 (fr) 2019-10-09

Family

ID=64746047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18213841.2A Pending EP3515152A3 (fr) 2017-12-22 2018-12-19 Élément de production de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3515152A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN110012564B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017223782A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020205305A1 (de) 2020-04-27 2021-10-28 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC-Heizeinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
EP4351273A1 (fr) 2022-10-05 2024-04-10 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage ptc et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018220858A1 (de) * 2018-12-03 2020-06-04 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrische Heizvorrichtung
DE102019208967A1 (de) * 2019-06-19 2020-12-24 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeerzeugendes Element und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102019220589A1 (de) * 2019-12-27 2021-07-01 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeerzeugendes Element und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102022120360A1 (de) 2022-08-11 2024-02-22 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC-Heizvorrichtung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1768457A1 (fr) 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Element chauffant d'un dispositif de chauffage
EP1872986A1 (fr) 2006-06-28 2008-01-02 Catem GmbH & Co. KG Chauffage électrique
EP1916873A1 (fr) 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Elément générateur de la chaleur pour un dispositif chauffant électrique et son procédé de fabrication
EP2337425A1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2011-06-22 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique et élément produisant de la chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP2873296A2 (fr) 2012-07-11 2015-05-20 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Élément générateur de chaleur

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GB2090710B (en) * 1980-12-26 1984-10-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Thermistor heating device
ES2303168T3 (es) * 2005-09-23 2008-08-01 CATEM GMBH & CO.KG Elemento generador de calor de un dispositivo de calefaccion.
DE202010003830U1 (de) * 2009-03-18 2010-08-19 W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag Elektrische Heizvorrichtung
DE102009031890A1 (de) * 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Heizvorrichtung
EP2637474B1 (fr) * 2012-03-08 2016-08-17 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elément chauffant
US9839072B2 (en) * 2012-03-08 2017-12-05 Eberspacher Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat generating element with connection structure
CN103517469B (zh) * 2012-06-27 2015-03-04 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种ptc电热元件、电加热装置以及电动车

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1768457A1 (fr) 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Element chauffant d'un dispositif de chauffage
EP1872986A1 (fr) 2006-06-28 2008-01-02 Catem GmbH & Co. KG Chauffage électrique
EP1916873A1 (fr) 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Elément générateur de la chaleur pour un dispositif chauffant électrique et son procédé de fabrication
EP2337425A1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2011-06-22 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique et élément produisant de la chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP2873296A2 (fr) 2012-07-11 2015-05-20 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Élément générateur de chaleur

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020205305A1 (de) 2020-04-27 2021-10-28 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC-Heizeinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102020205305B4 (de) 2020-04-27 2022-06-30 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC-Heizeinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US11432374B2 (en) 2020-04-27 2022-08-30 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC heating device and method for its manufacture
EP4351273A1 (fr) 2022-10-05 2024-04-10 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage ptc et son procédé de fabrication
DE102022125637A1 (de) 2022-10-05 2024-04-11 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg PTC-Heizvorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3515152A3 (fr) 2019-10-09
CN110012564B (zh) 2022-01-11
DE102017223782A1 (de) 2019-06-27
CN110012564A (zh) 2019-07-12

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17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210422

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