EP3504439B1 - Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter - Google Patents

Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3504439B1
EP3504439B1 EP17761041.7A EP17761041A EP3504439B1 EP 3504439 B1 EP3504439 B1 EP 3504439B1 EP 17761041 A EP17761041 A EP 17761041A EP 3504439 B1 EP3504439 B1 EP 3504439B1
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Prior art keywords
shell
dust
pump according
membrane pump
membrane
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EP17761041.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3504439A1 (en
Inventor
Frank Hannemann
Sebastian RAHM
Marcus Weder
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Dipl Ing Ernst Schmitz & Co KG Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
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Dipl Ing Ernst Schmitz & Co KG Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/04—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/04—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B45/053—Pumps having fluid drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/20—Filtering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and conveying dusty products, such as coal dust, with the aid of inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa, which has a porous, arched loosening element made of aluminum.
  • Filter materials that meet the requirements for pressure resistance and temperature resistance are, for example, those in DE102012216084 described metallic filtration fabric, sintered metal and sintered plastic.
  • the robust materials described are only available in a flat or plate-like structure and not in the required size or dimensions.
  • a mechanical processing in other geometric shapes, such as curved half-shells, is due to the required filter fineness and the resulting mechanical processing Damage or smearing of the porous filter structure is not possible.
  • a diaphragm pump according to the preamble of claim 1 is from the document DE 10 2011 007066 known.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a diaphragm pump with an integrated filter element for supplying vortex and tension gas into the pressure vessel of the diaphragm pump, which combines the requirements of pressure resistance, temperature resistance, sufficient filter fineness, low-effort manufacturability and interaction with the diaphragm for the purpose of high diaphragm availability.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that a uniformly distributed supply of the fluidizing gas in the lower region of the dust pump is essential for the functioning of the diaphragm pump.
  • the diaphragm pump according to the invention with its loosening element, it is ensured that processing into a curved filter element with a 3-dimensional shape prevents any smearing of the material and a uniform porosity can be achieved.
  • the loosening element according to the invention has a constant porosity, whereby it can be ensured that the finest dust particles do not penetrate the loosening surface during the relaxation process of the dust chamber, which causes a uniformly distributed supply of swirling gas into the dust chamber during the covering process.
  • the invention allows a structural design of the dust chamber, the contour of which is particularly advantageously adapted to the deflection of the membrane and, if necessary, to the guide rod of the membrane. In this way, a uniform and reversible deformation of the membrane is achieved with as little wear as possible.
  • the diaphragm (3) can be largely flat on the arched, half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5). With this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume can be achieved, which leads to a minimal dust space volume (10) with a high delivery rate and a low loss of high pressure gas.
  • the pressure vessel enclosing the dust chamber has small dimensions with a minimized wall thickness, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing costs.
  • the loosening surface 5 has a circular opening at its lowest point, to which a dust pipe 7 is attached, through which the dust-like conveyed material can be conveyed in and out and thus cannot get into the gas space 13.
  • Diaphragm pump shown is a device consisting of two pressure-resistant half-shells (1, 12) which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner via a flange connection (2).
  • the flange connection has the additional function of attaching and clamping the membrane (3) and the loosening surface (5) via a filter flange (4). Due to the spherical geometry, an advantageous deflection of the membrane into the dust chamber in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, which is gentle on the filter material, can take place. The deflection of the membrane is caused by a force from the hydraulic fluid, for example in DE102016201182 described, caused.
  • the membrane (3) can be largely flat against the half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5).
  • a small dead volume can be achieved, which leads to a minimal dust space volume (10) with a high delivery rate and a low loss of high pressure gas.
  • the movement of the membrane is guided and stabilized via a guide rod (9).
  • the guide rod can take on additional tasks, such as, for example, determining the position of the membrane by means of measuring position sensors.
  • the invention is also based on the problem of providing an in DE 2005047583 to generate the dense phase conveyance described by generating a fluidized bed within the dust space. This is ensured by a homogeneous gas supply during the tensioning and delivery process via a half-shell-shaped and gas-permeable loosening surface (5).
  • the filter material used for the loosening surface (5) is porous metal, for example aluminum, with a sufficiently small pore size and filter fineness of ⁇ 20 ⁇ m. This ensures that the finest dust particles do not penetrate the loosening area during the relaxation process.
  • porous metal liquid metal, for example aluminum, is used together with granulated Poured salt into a half-shell mold.
  • Salt for example, has a significantly higher melting point than metals such as aluminum and does not change into a liquid state, but is distributed evenly in the melt. After the metal has solidified, the salt is washed out with the help of a salt-dissolving liquid and porous and gas-permeable metal is created.
  • One advantage of this process is the possibility of mechanical processing before the salt crystals are washed out. This prevents the pores from smearing. The required porosity and filter fineness is set via the size of the salt grains.
  • the hydraulic half-shell (1) has a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the dust half-shell (12). With this constructive measure, the arched loosening surface (5) can be fixed.
  • the loosening surface (5) can be designed as a half-shell with a flange edge in two layers, in the lower area as porous metal and in the flange area made of solid material.
  • the half-shell-shaped casting mold of the loosening surface (5) is expanded with additional annular and / or point-shaped support elements (8).
  • the half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5) made of porous metal can thus be fitted and fastened into the lower pressure-resistant half-shell (12) made of solid material.
  • a central, in particular ring-shaped, support element 8 is arranged which encloses the dust pipe 7 and, if appropriate, the gas pipe 6 concentric therewith.
  • a gas space 13 which can be used for distributing the loosening and covering gas.
  • the loosening and covering gas is supplied and discharged via openings 6 in the lower pressure-resistant half-shell 12.
  • a special development of the invention consists in monitoring and ensuring the membrane tightness.
  • the membrane (3) is designed as a double membrane with an integrated pressure sensor for leakage monitoring.
  • a hermetically sealed separation between the hydraulic space (11) and the dust space (10) can thus be ensured and damage to the membrane can be detected in good time.
  • Complex repair and cleaning measures for the entire dust system or hydraulic system are prevented in the event of membrane damage and the tightness of the membrane is maintained during the incident.
  • the membrane 3 as a double membrane, two rubber-elastic membranes are mechanically supported against each other in such a way that a closed space is formed between the membranes, which can be monitored by means of a pressure sensor ⁇ p (14).
  • the intermediate space has a pressure which is lower than the pressure in the hydraulic space or the dust space.
  • a pressure increase is detected in the intermediate space, it is concluded that one of the two membranes of the double membrane has leaked.
  • the two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against one another at certain points in that a layer of balls is arranged between them.
  • the two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against one another in that a coupling fluid is introduced between them, which is in operative connection with the pressure sensor ⁇ p.
  • the rubber elastic membrane can be formed with an elastomer or a solid PTFE mixture.
  • one of the two membranes can be an elastomer and the other of the two membranes can be a solid PTFE mixture.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Membranpumpe zur Fluidisierung, Bespannung und Förderung von staubförmigen Produkten, wie zum Beispiel Kohlenstaub, mit Hilfe von Innertgas mit Drücken bis 7 MPa, die ein poröses, gewölbtes Auflockerungselement aus Aluminium aufweist.The invention relates to a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and conveying dusty products, such as coal dust, with the aid of inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa, which has a porous, arched loosening element made of aluminum.

Eine kontinuierliche und kostengünstige Dichtstromförderung bei wechselnder Staubqualität von Brennstäuben für Kohle- und Biomassevergasungsanlagen erlangt eine zunehmende Bedeutung, um zum Beispiel Vergasungsanlagen wirtschaftlicher und mit hoher Verfügbarkeit zu betreiben. Diese Zielstellung wird in besonderer Weise unter Einsatz einer Membranpumpe, wie in der Patentanmeldung DE102016201182 vom 27. 01. 2016 vorgeschlagen, erreicht. Das staubförmige Fördergut wird hierbei von unten in die Membranpumpe angesaugt, in einem nächsten Schritt bespannt und fluidisiert und nachfolgend unter Druck ausgefördert. Das Restgasvolumen im Staubraum der Membranpumpe wird nach dem Ausfördern des Fördergutes in einem letzten Schritt entspannt und der Pumpenzyklus beginnt von vorne. Aufgrund dieser zyklischen (diskontinuierlichen) Arbeitsweise werden üblicherweise mehrere Pumpenköpfe zusammengeschaltet, um einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu gewährleisten. Hierfür werden die einzelnen Pumpenzyklen gegeneinander phasenverschoben betrieben. Filtermaterialien die den Anforderungen an Druckfestigkeit und Temperaturbeständigkeit genügen, sind zum Beispiel die in DE102012216084 beschrieben metallischen Filtrationsgewebe, Sintermetall und Sinterkunststoff. Die beschriebenen robusten Materialien sind nur in flacher oder plattenartiger Struktur und nicht in der erforderlichen Größe beziehungsweise Abmessung verfügbar. Eine mechanische Bearbeitung in andere geometrische Formen, wie zum Beispiel gewölbte Halbschalen, ist aufgrund der geforderten Filterfeinheit und der bei mechanischer Bearbeitung entstehenden Schädigungen beziehungsweise Verschmierungen der porösen Filterstruktur nicht möglich. Weiterhin, ist eine Membranpumpe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aus dem Dokument DE 10 2011 007066 bekannt.Continuous and cost-effective dense phase conveying with changing dust quality of fuel dusts for coal and biomass gasification plants is becoming increasingly important, for example in order to operate gasification plants more economically and with high availability. This objective is achieved in a special way using a diaphragm pump, as in the patent application DE102016201182 proposed on 01/27/2016. The dusty material to be conveyed is sucked into the diaphragm pump from below, covered and fluidized in a next step and then conveyed out under pressure. The residual gas volume in the dust chamber of the diaphragm pump is released in a last step after the conveyed material has been conveyed out and the pump cycle starts all over again. Because of this cyclical (discontinuous) mode of operation, several pump heads are usually connected together in order to ensure continuous operation. For this purpose, the individual pump cycles are operated out of phase with one another. Filter materials that meet the requirements for pressure resistance and temperature resistance are, for example, those in DE102012216084 described metallic filtration fabric, sintered metal and sintered plastic. The robust materials described are only available in a flat or plate-like structure and not in the required size or dimensions. A mechanical processing in other geometric shapes, such as curved half-shells, is due to the required filter fineness and the resulting mechanical processing Damage or smearing of the porous filter structure is not possible. Furthermore, a diaphragm pump according to the preamble of claim 1 is from the document DE 10 2011 007066 known.

Aus dem Sonderdruck aus " Industriepumpen + Kompressoren", 16. Jahrgang, Heft 3 - 2010, Seiten 120-123, Vulkan-Verlag Essen mit dem Titel:"Prozesspumpen mit zustandsüberwachter redundanter Schlauchmembran-Einspannung" von Heinz M. Nägel ist eine Prozesspumpe bekannt, deren Doppelmembran auf Unversehrtheit überwacht wird mittels Koppelungsflüssigkeit und Anschluss an eine Membranbruchanzeige.From the special print from " Industrial pumps + compressors ", 16th year, issue 3 - 2010, pages 120-123, Vulkan-Verlag Essen with the title:" Process pumps with condition-monitored redundant hose-diaphragm clamping "by Heinz M. Nägel a process pump is known whose double diaphragm is monitored for intactness by means of a coupling fluid and connection to a diaphragm rupture indicator.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Membranpumpe mit integriertem Filterelement zur Zuführung von Wirbel- und Bespannungsgas in das Druckgefäß der Membranpumpe zu schaffen, welche die Anforderungen Druckfestigkeit, Temperaturbeständigkeit, ausreichende Filterfeinheit, aufwandarme Herstellbarkeit und Zusammenwirken mit der Membran zwecks hoher Membranverfügbarkeit vereint.The invention is based on the object of creating a diaphragm pump with an integrated filter element for supplying vortex and tension gas into the pressure vessel of the diaphragm pump, which combines the requirements of pressure resistance, temperature resistance, sufficient filter fineness, low-effort manufacturability and interaction with the diaphragm for the purpose of high diaphragm availability.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Membranpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a diaphragm pump with the features of claim 1.

Die Erfindung macht sich die Erkenntnis zu Nutze, dass für die Arbeitsweise der Membranpumpe eine gleichmäßig verteilte Zuführung des Wirbelgases im unteren Bereich der Staubpumpe wesentlich ist. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Membranpumpe mit ihrem Auflockerungselement ist sichergestellt, dass durch eine Bearbeitung zu einem gewölbten Filterelement mit einer 3-dimensionalen Formgebung etwaige Verschmierungen des Materials vermieden werden und eine gleichmäßige Porosität realisierbar ist.The invention makes use of the knowledge that a uniformly distributed supply of the fluidizing gas in the lower region of the dust pump is essential for the functioning of the diaphragm pump. In the case of the diaphragm pump according to the invention with its loosening element, it is ensured that processing into a curved filter element with a 3-dimensional shape prevents any smearing of the material and a uniform porosity can be achieved.

Das erfindungsgemäße Auflockerungselement weist eine konstante Porosität auf, wodurch sichergestellt werden kann, dass feinste Staubpartikel während des Entspannungsvorganges des Staubraumes nicht in die Auflockerungsfläche eindringen, was während des Bespannungsvorganges eine gleichmäßig verteilte Zuführung von Wirbelgas in den Staubraum bewirkt.The loosening element according to the invention has a constant porosity, whereby it can be ensured that the finest dust particles do not penetrate the loosening surface during the relaxation process of the dust chamber, which causes a uniformly distributed supply of swirling gas into the dust chamber during the covering process.

Die Erfindung gestattet eine konstruktive Gestaltung des Staubraumes, dessen Kontur besonders vorteilhaft an die Auslenkung der Membran und gegebenenfalls an die Führungsstange der Membran angepasst ist. Hierdurch wird eine gleichmäßige und reversible Verformung der Membran mit einem nach Möglichkeit geringem Verschleiß erreicht.The invention allows a structural design of the dust chamber, the contour of which is particularly advantageously adapted to the deflection of the membrane and, if necessary, to the guide rod of the membrane. In this way, a uniform and reversible deformation of the membrane is achieved with as little wear as possible.

Nach Abschluss des Ausfördervorganges der Membranpumpe kann ein weitgehend flächiges Anliegen der Membran (3) auf die gewölbte, halbschalenförmige Auflockerungsfläche (5) erreicht werden. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist ein geringes Totvolumen erreichbar, was zu minimalem Staubraumvolumen (10) bei gleichzeitig hoher Fördermenge und einem geringen Hochdruckgasverlust führt.After the discharge process of the diaphragm pump has been completed, the diaphragm (3) can be largely flat on the arched, half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5). With this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume can be achieved, which leads to a minimal dust space volume (10) with a high delivery rate and a low loss of high pressure gas.

Bei einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Membranpumpe zur pneumatischen Hochdruckförderung von fluidisierten Stäuben, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Filterelement 5 ausgestattet ist, weist der den Staubraum umschließende Druckbehälter geringe Abmessungen mit einer minimierten Wandstärke auf, was zu einer Verringerung des Herstellungsaufwandes führt.In the case of a hydraulically driven diaphragm pump for pneumatic high-pressure delivery of fluidized dusts, which is equipped with the filter element 5 according to the invention, the pressure vessel enclosing the dust chamber has small dimensions with a minimized wall thickness, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing costs.

In einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung besitzt die Auflockerungsfläche 5 am tiefsten Punkt eine kreisförmige Öffnung, an der ein Staubrohr 7 befestigt ist, durch welches das staubförmige Fördergut eingefördert und ausgefördert werden kann und somit nicht in den Gasraum 13 gelangen kann.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the loosening surface 5 has a circular opening at its lowest point, to which a dust pipe 7 is attached, through which the dust-like conveyed material can be conveyed in and out and thus cannot get into the gas space 13.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden als Ausführungsbeispiel in einem zum Verständnis erforderlichen Umfang anhand der Figur 1 näher erläutert.The invention is described below as an exemplary embodiment to the extent necessary for understanding on the basis of FIG Figure 1 explained in more detail.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Membranpumpe ist eine aus zwei druckfesten Halbschalen (1, 12) bestehende Vorrichtung, die über eine Flanschverbindung (2) gasdicht miteinander verbunden sind. Die Flanschverbindung hat neben einer einfachen Demontagemöglichkeit der Staubpumpe die zusätzliche Funktion, die Membran (3) und die Auflockerungsfläche (5) über einen Filterflansch (4) zu befestigen und einzuspannen. Durch die kugelförmige Geometrie kann somit eine vorteilhafte und für das Filtermaterial schonende Auslenkung der Membran in den Staubraum in Form eines Rotationsparaboloids erfolgen. Die Auslenkung der Membran wird dabei durch eine Krafteinwirkung der Hydraulikflüssigkeit, wie zum Beispiel in DE102016201182 beschrieben, hervorgerufen. Sprungartige Änderungen werden vermieden und nach Abschluss des Ausfördervorganges kann ein weitgehend flächiges Anliegen der Membran (3) auf die halbschalenförmige Auflockerungsfläche (5) erreicht werden. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist ein geringes Totvolumen erreichbar, was zu minimalem Staubraumvolumen (10) bei gleichzeitig hoher Fördermenge und einem geringen Hochdruckgasverlust führt. Um unerwünschte Bewegungen und Faltungen während des Ausfördervorganges zu vermeiden, wird die Membran über eine Führungsstange (9) in ihrer Bewegung geführt und stabilisiert. Die Führungsstange kann in besonders vorteilhafter Ausführung zusätzliche Aufgaben, wie zum Beispiel die einer Positionsbestimmung der Membran über messtechnische Stellungsgeber übernehmen.In the Figure 1 Diaphragm pump shown is a device consisting of two pressure-resistant half-shells (1, 12) which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner via a flange connection (2). In addition to a simple dismantling option for the dust pump, the flange connection has the additional function of attaching and clamping the membrane (3) and the loosening surface (5) via a filter flange (4). Due to the spherical geometry, an advantageous deflection of the membrane into the dust chamber in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, which is gentle on the filter material, can take place. The deflection of the membrane is caused by a force from the hydraulic fluid, for example in DE102016201182 described, caused. Sudden changes are avoided and after the discharge process has been completed, the membrane (3) can be largely flat against the half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5). With this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume can be achieved, which leads to a minimal dust space volume (10) with a high delivery rate and a low loss of high pressure gas. In order to avoid undesirable movements and folds during the conveying process, the movement of the membrane is guided and stabilized via a guide rod (9). In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the guide rod can take on additional tasks, such as, for example, determining the position of the membrane by means of measuring position sensors.

Der Erfindung liegt weiterhin das Problem zugrunde, eine in DE 2005047583 beschriebene Dichtstromförderung durch Erzeugung einer Wirbelschicht innerhalb des Staubraumes zu erzeugen. Hierfür sorgt während des Bespannungs- und Ausfördervorganges eine homogene Gaszuführung über eine halbschalenförmige und gasdurchlässig ausgeführte Auflockerungsfläche (5). Als Filtermaterial für die Auflockerungsfläche (5) wird poröses Metall, zum Beispiel Aluminium, mit einer ausreichend kleinen Porengröße und Filterfeinheit <20 µm verwendet. Damit kann sichergestellt werden, dass feinste Staubpartikel während des Entspannungsvorganges nicht in die Auflockerungsfläche eindringen. Für die Herstellung von porösem Metall wird flüssiges Metall, zum Beispiel Aluminium, zusammen mit granuliertem Salz in eine Halbschalenform gegossen. Salz besitzt zum Beispiel gegenüber Metallen wie Aluminium einen wesentlich höheren Schmelzpunkt und geht nicht in den flüssigen Aggregatzustand über, sondern verteilt sich gleichmäßig in der Schmelze. Nach Erstarrung des Metalls wird das Salz mit Hilfe einer salzlösenden Flüssigkeit ausgewaschen und poröses und gasdurchlässiges Metall entsteht. Ein Vorteil dieses Verfahrens besteht in der Möglichkeit, eine mechanische Bearbeitung vor Auswaschung der Salzkristalle durchzuführen. Dadurch ist ein Verschmieren der Poren ausgeschlossen. Die erforderliche Porosität und Filterfeinheit wird über die Größe der Salzkörner eingestellt.The invention is also based on the problem of providing an in DE 2005047583 to generate the dense phase conveyance described by generating a fluidized bed within the dust space. This is ensured by a homogeneous gas supply during the tensioning and delivery process via a half-shell-shaped and gas-permeable loosening surface (5). The filter material used for the loosening surface (5) is porous metal, for example aluminum, with a sufficiently small pore size and filter fineness of <20 µm. This ensures that the finest dust particles do not penetrate the loosening area during the relaxation process. For the production of porous metal, liquid metal, for example aluminum, is used together with granulated Poured salt into a half-shell mold. Salt, for example, has a significantly higher melting point than metals such as aluminum and does not change into a liquid state, but is distributed evenly in the melt. After the metal has solidified, the salt is washed out with the help of a salt-dissolving liquid and porous and gas-permeable metal is created. One advantage of this process is the possibility of mechanical processing before the salt crystals are washed out. This prevents the pores from smearing. The required porosity and filter fineness is set via the size of the salt grains.

In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Hydraulik - Halbschale (1) einen kleineren Innendurchmesser auf als der Innendurchmesser der Staub - Halbschale (12). Durch diese konstruktive Maßnahme kann die gewölbte Auflockerungsfläche (5) fixiert werden.In a special embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic half-shell (1) has a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the dust half-shell (12). With this constructive measure, the arched loosening surface (5) can be fixed.

Um eine vorteilhafte Flanschabdichtung (2) zu erreichen, kann die Auflockerungsfläche (5) als Halbschale mit Flanschrand ausgeformt in zwei Schichten ausgeführt werden, im unteren Bereich als poröses Metall und im Flanschbereich aus Vollmaterial.In order to achieve an advantageous flange seal (2), the loosening surface (5) can be designed as a half-shell with a flange edge in two layers, in the lower area as porous metal and in the flange area made of solid material.

In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die halbschalenförmige Gussform der Auflockerungsfläche (5) mit zusätzlichen Ringförmigen und/oder Punktförmigen Abstützelementen (8) erweitert. Damit kann die halbschalenförmige und aus porösem Metall bestehende Auflockerungsfläche (5) in die untere druckfeste und aus Vollmaterial bestehende Halbschale (12) eingepasst und befestigt werden.In a special embodiment of the invention, the half-shell-shaped casting mold of the loosening surface (5) is expanded with additional annular and / or point-shaped support elements (8). The half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5) made of porous metal can thus be fitted and fastened into the lower pressure-resistant half-shell (12) made of solid material.

In einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung ist ein zentrales, insbesondere ringförmiges, Abstützelement 8 angeordnet, welches das Staubrohr 7 und gegebenenfalls das dazu konzentrische Gasrohr 6 umschließt.In a particular embodiment of the invention, a central, in particular ring-shaped, support element 8 is arranged which encloses the dust pipe 7 and, if appropriate, the gas pipe 6 concentric therewith.

Zwischen der aus porösem Metall bestehenden Auflockerungsfläche und der druckfesten Halbschale entsteht in vorteilhafter Weise ein Gasraum 13, der für die Verteilung des Auflockerungs- und Bespannungsgases verwendet werden kann. Die Zu- und Abführung des Auflockerungs- und Bespannungsgases erfolgt über Öffnungen 6 in der unteren druckfesten Halbschale 12.Between the loosening surface made of porous metal and the pressure-resistant half-shell, there is advantageously a gas space 13 which can be used for distributing the loosening and covering gas. The loosening and covering gas is supplied and discharged via openings 6 in the lower pressure-resistant half-shell 12.

Bei einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Membranpumpe zur pneumatischen Hochdruckförderung von fluidisierten Stäuben kommt der sicheren Abdichtung des Staubraumes vom Hydraulikraum, welche durch die Membran getrennt sind, besondere Bedeutung zu. Die Auslenkung der Membran und das damit verbundene Ansaugen und Ausfördern des staubförmigen Fördergutes wird durch das Eindrücken und Ausdrücken der Hydraulikflüssigkeit in dem oberhalb der Membran befindlichen Hydraulikraum erreicht. Innerhalb dieses Fördervorganges ist das Eindringen von Staub in die Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder von Hydraulikflüssigkeit in den Staubraum mit erheblichen Anlagenstörungen verbunden und würde zu aufwändigen Reparaturen führen.In the case of a hydraulically driven diaphragm pump for pneumatic high-pressure delivery of fluidized dusts, the reliable sealing of the dust space from the hydraulic space, which is separated by the membrane, is of particular importance. The deflection of the membrane and the associated sucking in and conveying out of the dust-like conveyed material is achieved by pushing in and squeezing out the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic space located above the membrane. During this conveying process, the penetration of dust into the hydraulic fluid or of hydraulic fluid into the dust compartment is associated with considerable system malfunctions and would lead to costly repairs.

Eine besondere Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht in der Überwachung und Sicherstellung der Membrandichtigkeit. Hierzu wird die Membran (3) als Doppelmembran mit integriertem Drucksensor zur Leckageüberwachung ausgeführt. Damit kann eine hermetisch dichte Trennung zwischen Hydraulikraum (11) und Staubraum (10) sichergestellt und Schäden an der Membran rechtzeitig erkannt werden. Aufwändige Reparatur- und Reinigungsmaßnahmen des gesamten Staubsystems oder Hydrauliksystems werden bei Membranschäden verhindert und die Dichtheit der Membran während des Störfalles aufrechterhalten.A special development of the invention consists in monitoring and ensuring the membrane tightness. For this purpose, the membrane (3) is designed as a double membrane with an integrated pressure sensor for leakage monitoring. A hermetically sealed separation between the hydraulic space (11) and the dust space (10) can thus be ensured and damage to the membrane can be detected in good time. Complex repair and cleaning measures for the entire dust system or hydraulic system are prevented in the event of membrane damage and the tightness of the membrane is maintained during the incident.

Bei einer Ausführung der Membran 3 als Doppelmembran sind zwei gummielastische Membranen derart gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet, dass zwischen den Membranen ein geschlossener Zwischenraum gebildet ist, der mittels eines Drucksensors Δp (14) überwachbar ist. Im störungsfreien Betrieb weist der Zwischenraum einen Druck auf, der niedriger ist als der Druck im Hydraulikraum oder dem Staubraum. Wird nun ein Druckanstieg in dem Zwischenraum festgestellt, wird auf eine Leckage einer der beiden Membranen der Doppelmembran geschlossen. Die beiden Membranen können dadurch punktuell gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet sein, dass zwischen ihnen eine Lage Kugeln angeordnet sind. Die beiden Membranen können dadurch gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet sein, dass zwischen ihnen eine Koppelungsflüssigkeit eingebracht ist, die mit dem Drucksensor Δp in Wirkverbindung steht.In an embodiment of the membrane 3 as a double membrane, two rubber-elastic membranes are mechanically supported against each other in such a way that a closed space is formed between the membranes, which can be monitored by means of a pressure sensor Δp (14). In trouble-free operation, the intermediate space has a pressure which is lower than the pressure in the hydraulic space or the dust space. Becomes if a pressure increase is detected in the intermediate space, it is concluded that one of the two membranes of the double membrane has leaked. The two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against one another at certain points in that a layer of balls is arranged between them. The two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against one another in that a coupling fluid is introduced between them, which is in operative connection with the pressure sensor Δp.

Die gummielastische Membran kann mit einem Elastomer oder einer massiven PTFE-Mischung gebildet sein. Bei der Doppelmembran kann eine der beiden Membranen durch ein Elastomer und die andere der beiden Membranen durch eine massive PTFE-Mischung gegeben sein.The rubber elastic membrane can be formed with an elastomer or a solid PTFE mixture. With the double membrane, one of the two membranes can be an elastomer and the other of the two membranes can be a solid PTFE mixture.

Die Erfindung ist auch durch eine Membranpumpe zur Fluidisierung und Förderung von Stäuben, gegeben, bei der

  • das druckfeste Gehäuse der Staubpumpe aus zwei Halbschalen besteht, die mit einer Flanschverbindung verbunden und in die eine Membran und Auflockerungsfläche eingeflanscht sind,
  • die Auflockerungsfläche schichtweise aus porösem Material im unteren Bereich und Vollmaterial im Bereich der Flanschverbindung ausgeführt ist,
  • Die Auflockerungsfläche als Halbschale ausgeführt ist, Abstützelemente enthält und ein Gasraum zwischen druckfester unterer Halbschale und Auflockerungsfläche besteht.
The invention is also given by a membrane pump for fluidizing and conveying dusts, in which
  • the pressure-resistant housing of the dust pump consists of two half-shells which are connected with a flange connection and into which a membrane and a loosening surface are flanged,
  • the loosening area is made of porous material in layers in the lower area and solid material in the area of the flange connection,
  • The loosening surface is designed as a half-shell, contains support elements and there is a gas space between the pressure-resistant lower half-shell and the loosening surface.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wurde zu Illustrationszwecken anhand von konkreten Ausführungsbeispielen im Detail erläutert. Dabei können Elemente der einzelnen Ausführungsbeispiele auch miteinander kombiniert werden. Die Erfindung soll daher nicht auf einzelne Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt sein, sondern lediglich eine Beschränkung durch die angehängten Ansprüche erfahren.The present invention has been explained in detail for purposes of illustration using specific exemplary embodiments. Elements of the individual exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another. The invention is therefore not intended to be restricted to individual exemplary embodiments, but rather only to be restricted by the appended claims.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

1.1.
Druckfeste obere Halbschale, HydraulikhalbschalePressure-resistant upper half-shell, hydraulic half-shell
2.2.
BehälterflanschContainer flange
3.3.
Membranmembrane
4.4th
FilterflanschFilter flange
5.5.
Auflockerungsfläche bestehend aus porösem metallischen FiltermaterialLoosening surface consisting of porous metallic filter material
6.6th
Öffnungen für Bespannungs- und Fördergas, GasrohrOpenings for supply and conveying gas, gas pipe
7.7th
Innenrohr für Ein- und Austritt des Staubes, StaubrohrInner tube for the entry and exit of dust, dust tube
8.8th.
Ringförmige, punktförmige, streifenförmige AbstützelementeAnnular, punctiform, strip-shaped support elements
9.9.
Membranführung / FührungsstangeDiaphragm guide / guide rod
10.10.
StaubraumDust room
11.11.
HydraulikraumHydraulic room
12.12.
Druckfeste untere Halbschale, StaubhalbschalePressure-resistant lower half-shell, dust half-shell
13.13.
GasraumGas compartment
14.14th
Drucksensor ΔpPressure sensor Δp

Claims (20)

  1. Membrane pump for fluidising and conveying dust at pressures of up to 7 MPa, in which
    - in a housing, a membrane (3) separates a hydraulic compartment (11) from a dust compartment (10), characterised in that
    - the housing is formed by a pressure-resistant hydraulic half-shell (1) facing the hydraulic compartment and a pressure-resistant dust half-shell (12) facing the dust compartment,
    - a gas-permeable, half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5) is arranged in the dust compartment, which surface is made of porous material and is curved,
    - a gas compartment (13) for supplying gas is provided between the dust half-shell (12) and the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5),
    - a support element (8) is arranged between the dust half-shell (12) and the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5).
  2. Membrane pump according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the hydraulic half-shell (1) and the dust half-shell (12) are connected by means of a flange connection (2) and the membrane is flanged into the flange connection.
  3. Membrane pump according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface is constructed in layers from solid material in the region of the flange connection (4) and from porous material in the remaining region.
  4. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the dust is supplied and removed by means of a dust pipe (7) that penetrates the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface.
  5. Membrane pump according to claim 4,
    characterised in that
    the gas is supplied to and removed from the gas compartment by means of a gas pipe (6) that concentrically surrounds the dust pipe (7).
  6. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the membrane is guided in the hydraulic half-shell (1) by means of a guide rod (9).
  7. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the gas is supplied and removed through a number of openings, in particular > 4 evenly spaced openings, in the dust half-shell (12).
  8. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the gas is supplied and removed through a number of openings, in particular > 2 openings, in the dust half-shell (12), wherein the openings tangentially adjoin the dust half-shell (12) .
  9. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the dust pipe (7) is fastened to a circular outlet opening in the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface.
  10. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the dust pipe (7) is made of wear-resistant material.
  11. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the dust pipe (7) is welded to the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5).
  12. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    one or more support elements (8) are constructed in a punctiform manner.
  13. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    one or more support elements (8) are constructed in a strip-shaped manner.
  14. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    one or more support elements (8) are constructed in an annular manner.
  15. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the fineness of the filter material of the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5) is < 40 µm.
  16. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the fineness of the filter material of the half-shell-shaped fluidising surface (5) is < 20 µm.
  17. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the porous material is made of a metal melt having embedded salt crystals which are washed out after mechanical finishing.
  18. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the porous material is provided by aluminium.
  19. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the membrane (3) is constructed as a double membrane, the space within which is monitored by means of a pressure sensor Δp (14) .
  20. Membrane pump according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised by
    an arrangement in which the dust compartment (10) is located below the hydraulic compartment (11).
EP17761041.7A 2016-08-25 2017-08-22 Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter Active EP3504439B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016216012.5A DE102016216012A1 (en) 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter
PCT/EP2017/071089 WO2018036995A1 (en) 2016-08-25 2017-08-22 Diaphragm pump having a porous, arched aluminum filter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3504439A1 EP3504439A1 (en) 2019-07-03
EP3504439B1 true EP3504439B1 (en) 2021-02-17

Family

ID=59745890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17761041.7A Active EP3504439B1 (en) 2016-08-25 2017-08-22 Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11215174B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3504439B1 (en)
CN (1) CN109790831B (en)
DE (1) DE102016216012A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018036995A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109790831B (en) 2020-08-14
DE102016216012A1 (en) 2018-03-01
US20210293235A1 (en) 2021-09-23
EP3504439A1 (en) 2019-07-03
US11215174B2 (en) 2022-01-04
WO2018036995A1 (en) 2018-03-01
CN109790831A (en) 2019-05-21

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