EP3504439A1 - Diaphragm pump having a porous, arched aluminum filter - Google Patents

Diaphragm pump having a porous, arched aluminum filter

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Publication number
EP3504439A1
EP3504439A1 EP17761041.7A EP17761041A EP3504439A1 EP 3504439 A1 EP3504439 A1 EP 3504439A1 EP 17761041 A EP17761041 A EP 17761041A EP 3504439 A1 EP3504439 A1 EP 3504439A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dust
diaphragm pump
pump according
diaphragm
half shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17761041.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3504439B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Hannemann
Sebastian RAHM
Marcus Weder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dipl Ing Ernst Schmitz & Co KG Maschinen und Apparatebau GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3504439A1 publication Critical patent/EP3504439A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3504439B1 publication Critical patent/EP3504439B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/04—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B45/00—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B45/04—Pumps or pumping installations having flexible working members and specially adapted for elastic fluids having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B45/053—Pumps having fluid drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/20—Filtering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, stringing and conveying dusty products, such as pulverized coal, with the aid of inert gas at pressures up to 7 MPa, which has a porous, curved aluminum lightening element.
  • Diaphragm pump is relaxed in a final step after the delivery of the conveyed material and the pump cycle starts from the beginning. Due to this cyclic (discontinuous) mode of operation usually several pump heads are interconnected to ensure a continuous operation. For this purpose, the individual pump cycles are operated out of phase with each other.
  • Filter materials which meet the requirements of compressive strength and temperature resistance are, for example, the metallic filtration fabrics, sintered metal and sintered plastic described in DE102012216084. The described robust materials are only available in a flat or plate-like structure and not in the required size or dimension. Mechanical processing into other geometric shapes, such as curved half-shells, is due to the required filter fineness and the mechanical processing. Henden damage or smearing of the porous filter structure is not possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a diaphragm pump with integrated filter element for supplying turbulence and stringing gas in the pressure vessel of the diaphragm pump fen, which the requirements compressive strength, temperature resistance, sufficient filter fineness, aufwandarme
  • the invention makes use of the finding that for the operation of the diaphragm pump a uniformly distributed supply of the fluidizing gas in the lower region of the dust pump is essential.
  • the membrane pump according to the invention with its loosening element ensures that any smearing of the material can be avoided by processing to a curved filter element with a 3-dimensional shape and a uniform porosity can be realized.
  • the loosening element according to the invention has a constant porosity, which can ensure that the finest dust particles do not penetrate into the loosening surface during the expansion process of the dust chamber, which causes a uniformly distributed supply of fluidizing gas into the dust chamber during the stringing process.
  • the invention allows a structural design of the dust chamber whose contour is particularly advantageous adapted to the deflection of the membrane and possibly to the guide rod of the membrane. As a result, a uniform and reversible deformation of the membrane is achieved with a possible low wear.
  • the pressure chamber enclosing the dust chamber small dimensions with a minimized wall thickness, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing costs.
  • the loosening surface 5 at the lowest point has a circular opening, to which a dust tube 7 is fixed, through which the dust-like conveyed can be conveyed and discharged and thus can not get into the gas space 13.
  • the diaphragm pump shown in Figure 1 is one of two pressure-resistant half-shells (1, 12) existing device, the are connected to each other in a gastight manner via a flange connection (2).
  • the flange connection has the additional function of securing and clamping the membrane (3) and the loosening surface (5) via a filter flange (4). Due to the spherical geometry can thus be an advantageous and gentle for the filter material deflection of the membrane in the dust space in the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The deflection of the membrane is caused by a force of the hydraulic fluid, as described for example in DE102016201182.
  • the invention is furthermore based on the problem of producing a dense phase conveying system described in DE 2005047583 by producing a fluidized bed within the dust chamber.
  • a dense phase conveying system described in DE 2005047583 by producing a fluidized bed within the dust chamber.
  • the filter material for the loosening surface (5) porous metal, for example, aluminum having a sufficiently small pore size and filter fineness ⁇ 20 ⁇ m is used. This can ensure that the finest dust particles do not penetrate into the loosening surface during the expansion process.
  • porous metal liquid metal, for example aluminum, together with granular poured salted into a Haibschalenform.
  • Salt for example, has a much higher melting point than metals such as aluminum and does not change into the liquid state of aggregation, but spreads uniformly in the melt. After solidification of the metal, the salt is washed out with the aid of a salt-dissolving liquid and porous and gas-permeable metal is formed.
  • An advantage of this method is the possibility to perform a mechanical treatment before leaching of the salt crystals. This excludes smearing of the pores. The required porosity and filter fineness are set by the size of the salt grains.
  • the hydraulic half shell (1) has a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the dust half shell (12).
  • the curved loosening surface (5) can be fixed.
  • the loosening surface (5) can be designed as a half shell with a flange edge in two layers, in the lower region as a porous metal and in the flange region made of solid material.
  • the half-shell-shaped casting mold of the loosening surface (5) is widened with additional annular and / or point-shaped supporting elements (8).
  • the half-shell-shaped and made of porous metal loosening surface (5) in the lower pressure-resistant and made of solid material half-shell (12) are fitted and fixed.
  • a central, in particular annular, support element 8 is arranged, which surrounds the dust tube 7 and optionally the gas pipe 6 concentric therewith.
  • a gas space 13 which can be used for the distribution of the loosening and stringing gas.
  • a particular embodiment of the invention consists in monitoring and ensuring the membrane leaks.
  • the membrane (3) is designed as a double membrane with integrated pressure sensor for leakage monitoring. This makes it possible to ensure a hermetically tight separation between the hydraulic chamber (11) and the dust chamber (10) and to detect damage to the diaphragm in good time. Elaborate repair and cleaning of the entire dust system or hydraulic system are prevented in membrane damage and maintain the tightness of the membrane during the incident.
  • the membrane 3 as a double membrane, two rubber-elastic membranes are arranged mechanically supported against each other such that a closed intermediate space is formed between the membranes, which can be monitored by means of a pressure sensor ⁇ (14).
  • the intermediate space has a pressure which is lower than the pressure in the hydraulic chamber or the dust chamber.
  • the two membranes can thereby be selectively arranged mechanically supported against each other, that between them a layer of balls are arranged.
  • the two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against each other, that between them a coupling liquid is introduced, which is in operative connection with the pressure sensor ⁇ .
  • the rubber-elastic membrane may be formed with an elastomer or a solid PTFE mixture.
  • one of the two membranes can be given by an elastomer and the other of the two membranes by a massive PTFE mixture.
  • the invention is also by a diaphragm pump for
  • the pressure-resistant housing of the dust pump consists of two half-shells which are connected to a flange connection and into which a membrane and loosening surface are flanged
  • the loosening surface is designed as a half-shell, contains support elements and a gas space between pressure-resistant lower half-shell and loosening surface consists.
  • the present invention has been explained in detail for illustrative purposes with reference to specific embodiments. In this case, elements of the individual embodiments can also be combined with each other. The invention is therefore not intended to be limited to individual embodiments, but merely to be limited by the appended claims. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, pressurizing, and conveying products in the form of dust, such as coal dust, by means of inert gas having pressures of up to 7 MPa, which diaphragm pump has a porous, arched loosening element made of aluminum and optionally a dual diaphragm. In the case of the diaphragm pump according to the invention having said loosening element, it is ensured that fluidizing gas is supplied and distributed uniformly in the lower region of the dust pump. The invention permits structural design of the dust chamber, the contour of which dust chamber is particularly advantageously adapted to the deflection of the diaphragm and possibly to the guide rod of the diaphragm. Uniform and reversible deformation of the diaphragm with as little wear as possible is thereby achieved. After the discharge operation of the diaphragm pump has ended, largely planar contact of the diaphragm (3) on the arched, half-shell-shaped loosening surface (5) can be achieved. By means of this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume can be achieved, leading to a minimal dust chamber volume (10) together with a high delivery rate and a small high-pressure gas loss.

Description

Beschreibung description
Membranpumpe mit porösem, gewölbtem Aluminiumfilter Die Erfindung betrifft eine Membranpumpe zur Fluidisierung, Bespannung und Förderung von staubförmigen Produkten, wie zum Beispiel Kohlenstaub, mit Hilfe von Innertgas mit Drücken bis 7 MPa, die ein poröses, gewölbtes Auflockerungselement aus Aluminium aufweist. The invention relates to a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, stringing and conveying dusty products, such as pulverized coal, with the aid of inert gas at pressures up to 7 MPa, which has a porous, curved aluminum lightening element.
Eine kontinuierliche und kostengünstige Dichtstromförderung bei wechselnder Staubqualität von Brennstäuben für Kohle- und Biomassevergasungsanlagen erlangt eine zunehmende Bedeutung, um zum Beispiel Vergasungsanlagen wirtschaftlicher und mit hoher Verfügbarkeit zu betreiben. Diese Zielstellung wird in besonderer Weise unter Einsatz einer Membranpumpe, wie in der Patentanmeldung DE102016201182 vom 27. 01. 2016 vorgeschlagen, erreicht. Das staubförmige Fördergut wird hierbei von unten in die Membranpumpe angesaugt, in einem nächsten Continuous and cost-effective dense phase conveying with varying dust quality of fuel dust for coal and biomass gasification plants is becoming increasingly important in order, for example, to operate gasification plants more economically and with high availability. This objective is achieved in a special way using a diaphragm pump, as proposed in the patent application DE102016201182 from 27. 01. 2016. The dust-like material to be conveyed is sucked from below into the diaphragm pump, in a next
Schritt bespannt und fluidisiert und nachfolgend unter Druck ausgefördert. Das Restgasvolumen im Staubraum der Step covered and fluidized and then discharged under pressure. The residual gas volume in the dust chamber of
Membranpumpe wird nach dem Ausfördern des Fördergutes in einem letzten Schritt entspannt und der Pumpenzyklus beginnt von vorne. Aufgrund dieser zyklischen (diskontinuierlichen) Arbeitsweise werden üblicherweise mehrere Pumpenköpfe zusammengeschaltet, um einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu gewährleisten. Hierfür werden die einzelnen Pumpenzyklen gegeneinander phasenverschoben betrieben. Filtermaterialien die den Anforderungen an Druckfestigkeit und Temperaturbeständigkeit genügen, sind zum Beispiel die in DE102012216084 beschrieben metallischen Filtrationsgewebe, Sintermetall und Sinterkunststoff. Die beschriebenen robusten Materialien sind nur in flacher oder plattenartiger Struktur und nicht in der erforderlichen Größe beziehungsweise Abmessung verfügbar. Eine me- chanische Bearbeitung in andere geometrische Formen, wie zum Beispiel gewölbte Halbschalen, ist aufgrund der geforderten Filterfeinheit und der bei mechanischer Bearbeitung entste- henden Schädigungen beziehungsweise Verschmierungen der porösen Filterstruktur nicht möglich. Diaphragm pump is relaxed in a final step after the delivery of the conveyed material and the pump cycle starts from the beginning. Due to this cyclic (discontinuous) mode of operation usually several pump heads are interconnected to ensure a continuous operation. For this purpose, the individual pump cycles are operated out of phase with each other. Filter materials which meet the requirements of compressive strength and temperature resistance are, for example, the metallic filtration fabrics, sintered metal and sintered plastic described in DE102012216084. The described robust materials are only available in a flat or plate-like structure and not in the required size or dimension. Mechanical processing into other geometric shapes, such as curved half-shells, is due to the required filter fineness and the mechanical processing. Henden damage or smearing of the porous filter structure is not possible.
Aus dem Sonderdruck aus „Industriepumpen + Kompressoren", 16. Jahrgang, Heft 3 - 2010, Seiten 120-123, Vulkan- erlag Essen mit dem Titel : "Prozesspumpen mit zustandsüberwachter redundanter Schlauchmembran-Einspannung" von Heinz M. Nägel ist eine Prozesspumpe bekannt, deren Doppelmembran auf Unversehrtheit überwacht wird mittels Koppelungsflüssigkeit und Anschluss an eine Membranbruchanzeige. From the reprint from "Industrial Pumps + Compressors", 16th year, Issue 3 - 2010, pages 120-123, Vulkan- erlag Essen with the title: "Process Pumps with Condition Monitoring Redundant Hose Membrane Clamping" by Heinz M. Nägel a process pump is known whose double membrane is monitored for integrity by means of coupling fluid and connection to a diaphragm rupture indicator.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Membranpumpe mit integriertem Filterelement zur Zuführung von Wirbel- und Bespannungsgas in das Druckgefäß der Membranpumpe zu schaf- fen, welche die Anforderungen Druckfestigkeit, Temperaturbeständigkeit, ausreichende Filterfeinheit, aufwandarme The invention has for its object to provide a diaphragm pump with integrated filter element for supplying turbulence and stringing gas in the pressure vessel of the diaphragm pump fen, which the requirements compressive strength, temperature resistance, sufficient filter fineness, aufwandarme
Herstellbarkeit und Zusammenwirken mit der Membran zwecks hoher Membranverfügbarkeit vereint. Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Membranpumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Manufacturability and interaction with the membrane united for the purpose of high membrane availability. The object is achieved by a diaphragm pump having the features of claim 1.
Die Erfindung macht sich die Erkenntnis zu Nutze, dass für die Arbeitsweise der Membranpumpe eine gleichmäßig verteilte Zuführung des Wirbelgases im unteren Bereich der Staubpumpe wesentlich ist. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Membranpumpe mit ihrem Auflockerungselement ist sichergestellt, dass durch eine Bearbeitung zu einem gewölbten Filterelement mit einer 3- dimensionalen Formgebung etwaige Verschmierungen des Materi- als vermieden werden und eine gleichmäßige Porosität realisierbar ist. The invention makes use of the finding that for the operation of the diaphragm pump a uniformly distributed supply of the fluidizing gas in the lower region of the dust pump is essential. In the membrane pump according to the invention with its loosening element ensures that any smearing of the material can be avoided by processing to a curved filter element with a 3-dimensional shape and a uniform porosity can be realized.
Das erfindungsgemäße Auflockerungselement weist eine konstante Porosität auf, wodurch sichergestellt werden kann, dass feinste Staubpartikel während des Entspannungsvorganges des Staubraumes nicht in die Auflockerungsfläche eindringen, was während des Bespannungsvorganges eine gleichmäßig verteilte Zuführung von Wirbelgas in den Staubraum bewirkt. Die Erfindung gestattet eine konstruktive Gestaltung des Staubraumes, dessen Kontur besonders vorteilhaft an die Auslenkung der Membran und gegebenenfalls an die Führungsstange der Membran angepasst ist. Hierdurch wird eine gleichmäßige und reversible Verformung der Membran mit einem nach Möglichkeit geringem Verschleiß erreicht. The loosening element according to the invention has a constant porosity, which can ensure that the finest dust particles do not penetrate into the loosening surface during the expansion process of the dust chamber, which causes a uniformly distributed supply of fluidizing gas into the dust chamber during the stringing process. The invention allows a structural design of the dust chamber whose contour is particularly advantageous adapted to the deflection of the membrane and possibly to the guide rod of the membrane. As a result, a uniform and reversible deformation of the membrane is achieved with a possible low wear.
Nach Abschluss des Ausfördervorganges der Membranpumpe kann ein weitgehend flächiges Anliegen der Membran (3) auf die gewölbte, halbschalenförmige Auflockerungsfläche (5) erreicht werden. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist ein geringes Totvolumen erreichbar, was zu minimalem Staubraumvolumen (10) bei gleichzeitig hoher Fördermenge und einem geringen Hochdruckgasverlust führt. After completion of the Ausfördervorganges the diaphragm pump, a largely flat concern of the membrane (3) on the curved, half-shell-shaped Auflockerungsfläche (5) can be achieved. By this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume is reached, resulting in minimal dust chamber volume (10) at the same time high flow and a low pressure loss high.
Bei einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Membranpumpe zur pneumatischen Hochdruckförderung von fluidisierten Stäuben, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Filterelement 5 ausgestattet ist, weist der den Staubraum umschließende Druckbehälter geringe Abmessungen mit einer minimierten Wandstärke auf, was zu einer Verringerung des Herstellungsaufwandes führt. In a hydraulically driven diaphragm pump for pneumatic high-pressure delivery of fluidized dusts, which is equipped with the filter element 5 according to the invention, the pressure chamber enclosing the dust chamber small dimensions with a minimized wall thickness, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing costs.
In einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung besitzt die Auf- lockerungsfläche 5 am tiefsten Punkt eine kreisförmige Öffnung, an der ein Staubrohr 7 befestigt ist, durch welches das staubförmige Fördergut eingefördert und ausgefördert werden kann und somit nicht in den Gasraum 13 gelangen kann. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the loosening surface 5 at the lowest point has a circular opening, to which a dust tube 7 is fixed, through which the dust-like conveyed can be conveyed and discharged and thus can not get into the gas space 13. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden als Ausführungsbeispiel in einem zum Verständnis erforderlichen Umfang anhand der Figur 1 näher erläutert. The invention is explained in more detail below as an exemplary embodiment in a scope necessary for understanding with reference to FIG 1.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Membranpumpe ist eine aus zwei druckfesten Halbschalen (1, 12) bestehende Vorrichtung, die über eine Flanschverbindung (2) gasdicht miteinander verbunden sind. Die Flanschverbindung hat neben einer einfachen Demontagemöglichkeit der Staubpumpe die zusätzliche Funktion, die Membran (3) und die Auflockerungsfläche (5) über einen Filterflansch (4) zu befestigen und einzuspannen. Durch die kugelförmige Geometrie kann somit eine vorteilhafte und für das Filtermaterial schonende Auslenkung der Membran in den Staubraum in Form eines Rotationsparaboloids erfolgen. Die Auslenkung der Membran wird dabei durch eine Krafteinwirkung der Hydraulikflüssigkeit, wie zum Beispiel in DE102016201182 beschrieben, hervorgerufen. Sprungartige Änderungen werden vermieden und nach Abschluss des Ausfördervorganges kann ein weitgehend flächiges Anliegen der Membran (3) auf die halbschalenförmige Auflockerungsfläche (5) erreicht werden. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung ist ein geringes Totvolumen erreichbar, was zu minimalem Staubraumvolumen (10) bei gleichzeitig hoher Fördermenge und einem geringen Hochdruckgasverlust führt. Um unerwünschte Bewegungen und Faltungen während des Ausfördervorganges zu vermeiden, wird die Membran über eine Führungsstange (9) in ihrer Bewegung geführt und stabilisiert. Die Führungsstange kann in besonders vorteilhafter Ausführung zusätzliche Aufgaben, wie zum Beispiel die einer Positionsbestimmung der Membran über messtechnische Stellungsgeber übernehmen. The diaphragm pump shown in Figure 1 is one of two pressure-resistant half-shells (1, 12) existing device, the are connected to each other in a gastight manner via a flange connection (2). In addition to a simple disassembly possibility of the dust pump, the flange connection has the additional function of securing and clamping the membrane (3) and the loosening surface (5) via a filter flange (4). Due to the spherical geometry can thus be an advantageous and gentle for the filter material deflection of the membrane in the dust space in the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The deflection of the membrane is caused by a force of the hydraulic fluid, as described for example in DE102016201182. Jump-like changes are avoided and after completion of the Ausfördervorganges a largely flat concern of the membrane (3) on the half-shell-shaped Auflockerungsfläche (5) can be achieved. By this advantageous embodiment, a small dead volume is reached, resulting in minimal dust chamber volume (10) at the same time high flow and a low pressure loss high. In order to avoid unwanted movements and folds during the Ausfördervorganges, the membrane is guided and stabilized by a guide rod (9) in their movement. The guide rod can take on additional tasks, such as the determination of a position of the membrane via metrological position sensor in a particularly advantageous embodiment.
Der Erfindung liegt weiterhin das Problem zugrunde, eine in DE 2005047583 beschriebene DichtStromförderung durch Erzeugung einer Wirbelschicht innerhalb des Staubraumes zu erzeugen. Hierfür sorgt während des Bespannungs- und Ausfördervor- ganges eine homogene Gaszuführung über eine halbschalenförmige und gasdurchlässig ausgeführte Auflockerungsfläche (5) . Als Filtermaterial für die Auflockerungsfläche (5) wird poröses Metall, zum Beispiel Aluminium, mit einer ausreichend kleinen Porengröße und Filterfeinheit <20 ym verwendet. Damit kann sichergestellt werden, dass feinste Staubpartikel während des Entspannungsvorganges nicht in die Auflockerungsfläche eindringen. Für die Herstellung von porösem Metall wird flüssiges Metall, zum Beispiel Aluminium, zusammen mit granu- liertem Salz in eine Haibschalenform gegossen. Salz besitzt zum Beispiel gegenüber Metallen wie Aluminium einen wesentlich höheren Schmelzpunkt und geht nicht in den flüssigen Aggregatzustand über, sondern verteilt sich gleichmäßig in der Schmelze. Nach Erstarrung des Metalls wird das Salz mit Hilfe einer salzlösenden Flüssigkeit ausgewaschen und poröses und gasdurchlässiges Metall entsteht. Ein Vorteil dieses Verfahrens besteht in der Möglichkeit, eine mechanische Bearbeitung vor Auswaschung der Salzkristalle durchzuführen. Dadurch ist ein Verschmieren der Poren ausgeschlossen. Die erforderliche Porosität und Filterfeinheit wird über die Größe der Salzkörner eingestellt. The invention is furthermore based on the problem of producing a dense phase conveying system described in DE 2005047583 by producing a fluidized bed within the dust chamber. For this purpose, during the clothing and Ausfördervor- ganges a homogeneous gas supply via a half-shell-shaped and gas-permeable executed loosening surface (5). As the filter material for the loosening surface (5), porous metal, for example, aluminum having a sufficiently small pore size and filter fineness <20 μm is used. This can ensure that the finest dust particles do not penetrate into the loosening surface during the expansion process. For the production of porous metal, liquid metal, for example aluminum, together with granular poured salted into a Haibschalenform. Salt, for example, has a much higher melting point than metals such as aluminum and does not change into the liquid state of aggregation, but spreads uniformly in the melt. After solidification of the metal, the salt is washed out with the aid of a salt-dissolving liquid and porous and gas-permeable metal is formed. An advantage of this method is the possibility to perform a mechanical treatment before leaching of the salt crystals. This excludes smearing of the pores. The required porosity and filter fineness are set by the size of the salt grains.
In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Hydraulik - Halbschale (1) einen kleineren Innendurchmesser auf als der Innendurchmesser der Staub - Halbschale (12) . Durch diese konstruktive Maßnahme kann die gewölbte Auflockerungsfläche (5) fixiert werden. Um eine vorteilhafte Flanschabdichtung (2) zu erreichen, kann die Auflockerungsfläche (5) als Halbschale mit Flanschrand ausgeformt in zwei Schichten ausgeführt werden, im unteren Bereich als poröses Metall und im Flanschbereich aus Vollmaterial . In a particular embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic half shell (1) has a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the dust half shell (12). By this constructive measure, the curved loosening surface (5) can be fixed. In order to achieve an advantageous flange seal (2), the loosening surface (5) can be designed as a half shell with a flange edge in two layers, in the lower region as a porous metal and in the flange region made of solid material.
In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die halbschalenförmige Gussform der Auflockerungsfläche (5) mit zusätzlichen Ringförmigen und/oder Punktförmigen Abstützelementen (8) erweitert. Damit kann die halbschalenförmige und aus porösem Metall bestehende Auflockerungsfläche (5) in die untere druckfeste und aus Vollmaterial bestehende Halbschale (12) eingepasst und befestigt werden. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the half-shell-shaped casting mold of the loosening surface (5) is widened with additional annular and / or point-shaped supporting elements (8). Thus, the half-shell-shaped and made of porous metal loosening surface (5) in the lower pressure-resistant and made of solid material half-shell (12) are fitted and fixed.
In einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung ist ein zentra- les, insbesondere ringförmiges, Abstützelement 8 angeordnet, welches das Staubrohr 7 und gegebenenfalls das dazu konzentrische Gasrohr 6 umschließt. Zwischen der aus porösem Metall bestehenden Auflockerungsflä- che und der druckfesten Halbschale entsteht in vorteilhafter Weise ein Gasraum 13, der für die Verteilung des Auflocke- rungs- und Bespannungsgases verwendet werden kann. Die Zu- und Abführung des Auflockerungs- und Bespannungsgases erfolgt über Öffnungen 6 in der unteren druckfesten Halbschale 12. In a particular embodiment of the invention, a central, in particular annular, support element 8 is arranged, which surrounds the dust tube 7 and optionally the gas pipe 6 concentric therewith. Between the loosening surface consisting of porous metal and the pressure-resistant half shell, there is advantageously formed a gas space 13 which can be used for the distribution of the loosening and stringing gas. The supply and removal of the loosening and Bespannungsgases via openings 6 in the lower pressure-resistant half-shell 12th
Bei einer hydraulisch angetriebenen Membranpumpe zur pneumatischen Hochdruckförderung von fluidisierten Stäuben kommt der sicheren Abdichtung des Staubraumes vom Hydraulikraum, welche durch die Membran getrennt sind, besondere Bedeutung zu. Die Auslenkung der Membran und das damit verbundene Ansaugen und Ausfördern des staubförmigen Fördergutes wird durch das Eindrücken und Ausdrücken der Hydraulikflüssigkeit in dem oberhalb der Membran befindlichen Hydraulikraum erreicht. Innerhalb dieses Fördervorganges ist das Eindringen von Staub in die Hydraulikflüssigkeit oder von Hydraulikflüssigkeit in den Staubraum mit erheblichen Anlagenstörungen verbunden und würde zu aufwändigen Reparaturen führen. In a hydraulically driven diaphragm pump for pneumatic high-pressure delivery of fluidized dusts, the secure sealing of the dust chamber from the hydraulic space, which are separated by the membrane, is of particular importance. The deflection of the membrane and the associated suction and discharge of the dust-like material to be conveyed is achieved by the impressions and expressions of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic space located above the diaphragm. Within this delivery process, the penetration of dust into the hydraulic fluid or hydraulic fluid in the dust chamber is associated with significant system failures and would lead to costly repairs.
Eine besondere Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht in der Überwachung und Sicherstellung der Membrandichtigkeit. Hierzu wird die Membran (3) als Doppelmembran mit integriertem Drucksensor zur Leckageüberwachung ausgeführt. Damit kann ei- ne hermetisch dichte Trennung zwischen Hydraulikraum (11) und Staubraum (10) sichergestellt und Schäden an der Membran rechtzeitig erkannt werden. Aufwändige Reparatur- und Reinigungsmaßnahmen des gesamten Staubsystems oder Hydrauliksystems werden bei Membranschäden verhindert und die Dichtheit der Membran während des Störfalles aufrechterhalten. A particular embodiment of the invention consists in monitoring and ensuring the membrane leaks. For this purpose, the membrane (3) is designed as a double membrane with integrated pressure sensor for leakage monitoring. This makes it possible to ensure a hermetically tight separation between the hydraulic chamber (11) and the dust chamber (10) and to detect damage to the diaphragm in good time. Elaborate repair and cleaning of the entire dust system or hydraulic system are prevented in membrane damage and maintain the tightness of the membrane during the incident.
Bei einer Ausführung der Membran 3 als Doppelmembran sind zwei gummielastische Membranen derart gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet, dass zwischen den Membranen ein geschlossener Zwischenraum gebildet ist, der mittels eines Drucksensors Δρ (14) überwachbar ist. Im störungsfreien Betrieb weist der Zwischenraum einen Druck auf, der niedriger ist als der Druck im Hydraulikraum oder dem Staubraum. Wird nun ein Druckanstieg in dem Zwischenraum festgestellt, wird auf eine Leckage einer der beiden Membranen der Doppelmembran geschlossen. Die beiden Membranen können dadurch punktuell gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet sein, dass zwischen ihnen eine Lage Kugeln angeordnet sind. Die beiden Membranen können dadurch gegeneinander mechanisch abgestützt angeordnet sein, dass zwischen ihnen eine Koppelungsflüssigkeit eingebracht ist, die mit dem Drucksensor Δρ in Wirkverbindung steht. In one embodiment of the membrane 3 as a double membrane, two rubber-elastic membranes are arranged mechanically supported against each other such that a closed intermediate space is formed between the membranes, which can be monitored by means of a pressure sensor Δρ (14). In trouble-free operation, the intermediate space has a pressure which is lower than the pressure in the hydraulic chamber or the dust chamber. Becomes now found a pressure increase in the gap, it is concluded that a leakage of one of the two membranes of the double membrane. The two membranes can thereby be selectively arranged mechanically supported against each other, that between them a layer of balls are arranged. The two membranes can be arranged mechanically supported against each other, that between them a coupling liquid is introduced, which is in operative connection with the pressure sensor Δρ.
Die gummielastische Membran kann mit einem Elastomer oder einer massiven PTFE-Mischung gebildet sein. Bei der Doppelmembran kann eine der beiden Membranen durch ein Elastomer und die andere der beiden Membranen durch eine massive PTFE- Mischung gegeben sein. The rubber-elastic membrane may be formed with an elastomer or a solid PTFE mixture. In the case of the double membrane, one of the two membranes can be given by an elastomer and the other of the two membranes by a massive PTFE mixture.
Die Erfindung ist auch durch eine Membranpumpe zur The invention is also by a diaphragm pump for
Fluidisierung und Förderung von Stäuben, gegeben, bei der das druckfeste Gehäuse der Staubpumpe aus zwei Halbschalen besteht, die mit einer Flanschverbindung verbunden und in die eine Membran und Auflockerungsfläche eingeflanscht sind, Fluidization and conveying of dusts, given, in which the pressure-resistant housing of the dust pump consists of two half-shells which are connected to a flange connection and into which a membrane and loosening surface are flanged,
die Auflockerungsfläche schichtweise aus porösem Material im unteren Bereich und Vollmaterial im Bereich der  the loosening surface layers of porous material in the lower area and solid material in the area of
Flanschverbindung ausgeführt ist,  Flange connection is executed,
Die Auflockerungsfläche als Halbschale ausgeführt ist, Abstützelemente enthält und ein Gasraum zwischen druckfester unterer Halbschale und Auflockerungsfläche besteht. Die vorliegende Erfindung wurde zu Illustrationszwecken anhand von konkreten Ausführungsbeispielen im Detail erläutert. Dabei können Elemente der einzelnen Ausführungsbeispiele auch miteinander kombiniert werden. Die Erfindung soll daher nicht auf einzelne Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt sein, sondern lediglich eine Beschränkung durch die angehängten Ansprüche erfahren . Bezugszeichenliste The loosening surface is designed as a half-shell, contains support elements and a gas space between pressure-resistant lower half-shell and loosening surface consists. The present invention has been explained in detail for illustrative purposes with reference to specific embodiments. In this case, elements of the individual embodiments can also be combined with each other. The invention is therefore not intended to be limited to individual embodiments, but merely to be limited by the appended claims. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
I. Druckfeste obere Halbschale, Hydraulikhalbschale 2. Behälterflansch I. Pressure-resistant upper half shell, hydraulic half shell 2. Tank flange
3. Membran  3rd membrane
4. Filterflansch  4. Filter flange
5. Auflockerungsfläche bestehend aus porösem metallischen Filtermaterial  5. loosening surface consisting of porous metallic filter material
6. Öffnungen für Bespannungs- und Fördergas, Gasrohr 6. openings for covering and conveying gas, gas pipe
7. Innenrohr für Ein- und Austritt des Staubes, Staubrohr 7. Inner tube for entry and exit of the dust, dust tube
8. Ringförmige, punktförmige, streifenförmige Abstützelemente  8. Annular, punctiform, strip-shaped support elements
9. Membranführung / Führungsstange  9. Membrane guide / guide rod
10. Staubraum  10. Dust room
II. Hydraulikraum  II. Hydraulic room
12. Druckfeste untere Halbschale, Staubhalbschale 12. Pressure-resistant lower half shell, dust half shell
13. Gasraum 13. Gas room
14. Drucksensor Δρ  14. Pressure sensor Δρ

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Membranpumpe zur Fluidisierung und Förderung von Stäuben unter Drücken bis 7 MPa, bei der 1. Diaphragm pump for fluidizing and conveying dusts under pressures up to 7 MPa, at
- in einem Gehäuse eine Membran (3) einen Hydraulikraum (11) von einem Staubraum (10) trennt, in a housing, a membrane (3) separates a hydraulic space (11) from a dust space (10),
das Gehäuse mit einer dem Hydraulikraum zugewandten druckfesten Hydraulik - Halbschale (1) und einer dem Staubraum zugewandten druckfesten Staub - Halbschale (12) gebildet ist,  the housing is formed with a pressure-resistant hydraulic half shell (1) facing the hydraulic chamber and a pressure-resistant dust facing the dust chamber - half shell (12),
in dem Staubraum eine Gas-durchlässige Auflockerungsfläche (5) angeordnet ist, die aus porösem Material und gewölbt ausgeführt ist,  in the dust chamber a gas-permeable loosening surface (5) is arranged, which is made of porous material and curved,
zwischen der Staub - Halbschale (12) und der Auflocke- rungsfläche (5) ein Gasraum (13) zur Gaszuführung besteht, ein Abstützelement (8) zwischen der Staub - Halbschale (12) und der Auflockerungsfläche (5) angeordnet ist.  a gas chamber (13) for supplying gas exists between the dust half shell (12) and the loosening surface (5), a support element (8) is arranged between the dust half shell (12) and the loosening surface (5).
2. Membranpumpe nach Anspruch 1 2. Diaphragm pump according to claim 1
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die Hydraulik - Halbschale (1) und die Staub - Halbschale (12) mittels einer Flanschverbindung (2) verbunden sind und die Membran in die Flanschverbindung eingeflanscht ist. the hydraulic half shell (1) and the dust half shell (12) are connected by means of a flange connection (2) and the membrane is flanged into the flange connection.
3. Membranpumpe nach Anspruch 2 3. Diaphragm pump according to claim 2
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die Auflockerungsfläche schichtweise aus Vollmaterial im Bereich der Flanschverbindung (4) und porösem Material im übrigen Bereich ausgeführt ist. the loosening surface is made in layers of solid material in the region of the flange connection (4) and porous material in the remaining region.
4. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Staubzuführung und die Staubabführung über ein die Auflockerungsfläche durchdringendes Staubrohr (7) gegeben ist. the dust supply and the dust discharge is given over a dust pipe (7) penetrating the loosening surface.
5. Membranpumpe nach Anspruch 4 5. Diaphragm pump according to claim 4
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gaszuführung und die Gasabführung in den Gasraum über ein das Staubrohr (7) konzentrisch umschließendes Gasrohr (6) gegeben ist. characterized in that the gas supply and the gas discharge into the gas space via a dust tube (7) concentrically surrounding gas pipe (6) is given.
6. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 6. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Membran mittels einer Führungsstange (9) in der Hydraulik - Halbschale (1) geführt ist. the membrane is guided by means of a guide rod (9) in the hydraulic half shell (1).
7. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 7. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Gaszuführung und die Gasabführung über eine Anzahl, insbesondere > 4 gleichverteilte, Öffnungen in der Staub - Halbschale (12) gegeben ist. the gas supply and the gas discharge over a number, in particular> 4 equally distributed, openings in the dust - half shell (12) is given.
8. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 8. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Gaszuführung und die Gasabführung über eine Anzahl, insbesondere > 2, Öffnungen in der Staub - Halbschale (12) gege- ben ist, wobei die Öffnungen tangential an die Staub - Halbschale (12) angeschlossen sind. the gas supply and the gas discharge are provided over a number, in particular> 2, openings in the dust half shell (12), the openings being connected tangentially to the dust half shell (12).
9. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 9. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das Staubrohr (7) an einer kreisförmigen Austrittsöffnung der Auflockerungsfläche befestigt ist. the dust tube (7) is attached to a circular outlet opening of the loosening surface.
10. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 10. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das Staubrohr (7) mit verschleißfestem Material gebildet ist. the dust tube (7) is formed with wear-resistant material.
11. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 11. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das Staubrohr (7) an die Auflockerungsfläche (5) angeschweißt ist. the dust tube (7) is welded to the loosening surface (5).
12. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder mehrere Abstützelemente (8) punktförmig ausgeführt sind . 12. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more support elements (8) are punctiform executed.
13. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 13. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
ein oder mehrere Abstützelemente (8) streifenförmig ausgeführt sind. one or more support elements (8) are designed strip-shaped.
14. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 14. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
ein oder mehrere Abstützelemente (8) ringförmig ausgeführt sind . one or more support elements (8) are designed annular.
15. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 15. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Feinheit des Filtermaterials der Auf lockerungsf läche (5) <40ym beträgt. the fineness of the filter material of the loosening surface (5) is <40 μm.
16. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 16. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Feinheit des Filtermaterials der Auf lockerungsf läche (5) <20ym beträgt . the fineness of the filter material of the loosening surface (5) is <20ym.
17. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 17. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das poröse Material aus einer Metallschmelze mit eingelagerten Salzkristallen, die nach der mechanischen Endbearbeitung ausgewaschen sind, hergestellt ist. the porous material is made of a molten metal with embedded salt crystals washed out after mechanical finishing.
18. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 18. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das poröse Material durch Aluminium gegeben ist. the porous material is given by aluminum.
19. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass 19. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Membran (3) als Doppelmembran ausgeführt ist, deren Zwischenraum mittels eines Drucksensors Δρ (14) überwacht ist. the membrane (3) is designed as a double membrane whose interspace is monitored by means of a pressure sensor Δρ (14).
20. Membranpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche gekennzeichnet durch 20. Diaphragm pump according to one of the preceding claims characterized by
eine Anordnung, bei der sich der Staubraum (10) unter dem Hydraulikraum (11) befindet. an arrangement in which the dust chamber (10) under the hydraulic chamber (11) is located.
EP17761041.7A 2016-08-25 2017-08-22 Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter Active EP3504439B1 (en)

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DE102016216012.5A DE102016216012A1 (en) 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 Diaphragm pump with porous, curved aluminum filter
PCT/EP2017/071089 WO2018036995A1 (en) 2016-08-25 2017-08-22 Diaphragm pump having a porous, arched aluminum filter

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US11215174B2 (en) 2022-01-04
DE102016216012A1 (en) 2018-03-01
US20210293235A1 (en) 2021-09-23
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CN109790831B (en) 2020-08-14
EP3504439B1 (en) 2021-02-17
WO2018036995A1 (en) 2018-03-01

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