EP3500706B1 - Akustisch absorbierendes paneel - Google Patents

Akustisch absorbierendes paneel

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Publication number
EP3500706B1
EP3500706B1 EP17777646.5A EP17777646A EP3500706B1 EP 3500706 B1 EP3500706 B1 EP 3500706B1 EP 17777646 A EP17777646 A EP 17777646A EP 3500706 B1 EP3500706 B1 EP 3500706B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acoustic absorber
panel
previous
planar
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17777646.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3500706A1 (de
EP3500706C0 (de
Inventor
Jorge Manuel MENDES SILVA CASTRO
Paulo Ricardo FERREIRA ALVES
Alfredo DA SILVA ALVES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Artnovion Lda
Original Assignee
Artnovion Lda
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3500706A1 publication Critical patent/EP3500706A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3500706B1 publication Critical patent/EP3500706B1/de
Publication of EP3500706C0 publication Critical patent/EP3500706C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E04B2001/8281—Flat elements mounted parallel to a supporting surface with an acoustically active air gap between the elements and the mounting surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E04B2001/829—Flat elements mounted at an angle, e.g. right angle, to the supporting surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8428—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling containing specially shaped acoustical bodies, e.g. funnels, egg-crates, fanfolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8452—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with peripheral frame members

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of acoustics, in particular room acoustics, further in particular to acoustically absorptive panels.
  • Noise control or acoustical comfort are important matters in industrial fields like construction, health and others.
  • the growth of processing capacity combined with the development of new, cost efficient, digital signal processing algorithms has given acoustic professionals the tools to create and to optimize new products that may spread the use of acoustical solutions to a wider extent.
  • the sound that is heard is the result of a complex combination of direct, indirect and scattered sound waves.
  • Some sound components will be absorbed or transmitted and the indirect and scattered sound that reaches the ear (or the microphone) results from reflections by the surfaces and materials present in that room.
  • Sound waves striking an arbitrary surface are can be reflected, transmitted or absorbed; the amount of energy going into reflection, transmission or absorption depends on acoustic properties of each surface. Thus, it can be customized some of the surfaces and materials to generate a given effect.
  • the reflected sound may be almost completely redirected by large flat surfaces or scattered by a diffused surface. When a considerable amount of the reflected sound is spatially and temporally scattered, this status is called a diffuse reflection, and the surface involved is often termed a diffuser.
  • the absorbed sound may either be transmitted or dissipated.
  • one of the solutions to control the sound in a room is to use sound absorbing panels covering the room's walls or ceilings.
  • Several acoustic panels have been developed and made their way in to the market. Traditionally these panels use solid porous materials and or membranes to promote sound absorption. The surfaces of these solid porous absorbers can be worked to enhance absorption, by giving them a surface, which is superior to the area of coverage. Also, combinations of solid porous absorbers with front membranes are available, using air chambers in between.
  • FR2893646 for which the preamble of claim 1 relates, discloses a device comprising a compressed felt layer, followed by a non-compressed felt layer, a fabric layer, and a perforated rigid wall.
  • the rigid wall is supported at the sides by edges.
  • the compressed felt layer has a density between 100 and 300 kilograms per cubic meter and a thickness between 2 and 15 mm.
  • the felt layer defines a free core with a geometry such that portions (L) of its surface are not supported by adjacent layers.
  • the layer is made of recycled fibers, such as cotton.
  • US2012285767 discloses an acoustically absorptive panel comprising a porous acoustical absorber with a planar configuration mounted on a support frame.
  • An acoustically transparent front fabric is stretch-mounted on the support frame, positioned in parallel alignment with and spaced apart from the front face of the porous absorber to create an airspace.
  • the porous absorber, front fabric, and airspace together form an acoustical absorbing chamber capable of absorbing a broader range of sound frequencies than the porous absorber alone, with the range of frequencies absorbed being dependent on the depth of the airspace.
  • US4122915 discloses a sound absorbing and diffusing unit for assembling an acoustic screen which can be placed in front of a wall inside an acoustic room for improving a sound effect therein. These units are detachably joined together with each other so that they can be separated and assembled again to form an acoustic screen or partition having another shape or construction to adjust or modulate a sound effect.
  • the present disclosure comprises an acoustically absorptive panel to be mounted on a wall, a ceiling or a corner.
  • This disclosure includes a set-up, using a front fabric, mounted on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber enhancing absorption.
  • a frame conveys structural rigidity to the panel.
  • the following aspect falls outside the scope of claim 1 and comprises by using a front board, juxtaposed on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber enhancing absorption.
  • a frame conveys structural rigidity to the panel. It also allows an adequate choice of front board premium materials depending on the desired visual effect and design.
  • the design of the solid porous absorber also encloses two features: the uneven rear end surface and its distance from the mounting surface allows for the panel to be tuned for low frequencies; also a 45o angle between the front and rear surface enables panels to be mounted on corners.
  • the disclosure includes a set-up - in that it uses an acoustically transparent front fabric, which can be made from polyester, juxtaposed on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber enhancing absorption.
  • an acoustically transparent front fabric which can be made from polyester, juxtaposed on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber enhancing absorption.
  • the design of the solid porous absorber, in particular the second layer, also encloses two important features: the rear end surface and its distance from the surface to which the panel is attached allows for the panel to be tuned for low frequencies; also a 45o angle between the front and rear surface enables the panels to mounted on corners.
  • the disclosure discloses a chosen set-up which falls outside the scope of claim 1 - in that it uses a front board, which can be made from either plastic, wood or other premium materials, juxtaposed on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber enhancing absorption.
  • the design of the solid porous absorber also encloses two features: the rear end surface and its distance from the surface to which the panel is attached allows for the panel to be tuned for low frequencies; also a 45o angle between the front and rear surface enables the panels to mounted on corners.
  • the panel now disclosed uses an acoustically transparent front fabric, which can be made from premium materials, juxtaposed on a solid porous absorber, with a non-planar rear end surface, which defines, together with the surface to which the panel is attached, an air chamber.
  • This panel discloses a chosen set-up - with a front fabric, covering a solid porous absorber, which creates an air chamber between the panel and the surface. But it also allows for an adequate choice of materials depending on the desired visual effect and design.
  • the front fabric acts like an acoustically transparent decorative element, which allows for the sound to reach the solid porous absorber. It can be made 100% in microfiber polyester with a density of 145 gr/m 2 . This fabric, made in warp knitting, is brushed in one side.
  • the next element is a solid porous absorber. Sound energy is dissipated by simultaneous actions of viscous and thermal mechanisms. Sound absorbers are used to dissipate sound energy and to minimize its reflection. In this way, when sound passes through the acoustically transparent front fabric, it penetrates a high-porosity foam, entering in a network of interconnected pores, where viscous and thermal interaction cause acoustic energy to be dissipated and converted in to heat.
  • the absorption coefficient ⁇ is defined as the ratio between the energy absorbed by a given material and the energy incident upon its surface. It is commonly used as a measure of absorption efficiency of a given material and it is known to vary with the frequency of the incident wave.
  • the porous absorber can be made from resins such as polyester urethane, polyether urethane or melamine and polyimide foam.
  • Polyurethane foam - open-cell foam made of polyester urethane or polyether urethane; the standard density for acoustical polyurethane foam is 20 kg/m 3 to 30 kg/m 3 .
  • Melamine Foam extra fire proof
  • BASOTEC melamine resin
  • a density range from 7 kg/m 3 to 12 kg/m 3 ; Fire rate: Germany DIN 4102-1- Class B1; US - UL 94 V0 HF 1; UK -BS476 - Part7.
  • Porous absorbers are in fact thermal materials and usually not effective sound barriers. Besides the density of the material, sound absorption effectiveness also depends on the thickness of the material, and on the airspace between the porous absorber and the hard surface to which the panel is attached.
  • foam thickness may vary from 10 mm up to 150 mm.
  • the need for significant thickness compared to operating sound wavelength makes porous absorbers dramatically inefficient and impractical at low frequencies.
  • This air chamber also allows for the panel to work as a Helmholtz resonator, where a lumped mass of air is forced in and out of a vent.
  • One end of the vent is open into a sealed enclosure, in particular a wall, with volume V, in particular an air chamber, and the other end is free to radiate into open air.
  • a sound wave striking the open end of the device will excite the resonant system, making the plug of air vibrate according to its length and radius and the stiffness provided by the compression of the enclosed volume V.
  • the front board of the aspect that falls outside the scope of claim 1 acts like a perforated decorative element, which allows for the sound to reach the solid porous absorber. It can be made from medium density fiberboard (MDF), a particleboard panel with improved fire behavior (fire retardant) and a decorative melamine surface, for interior uses, providing an easy to clean and scratch & stain resistant surface.
  • MDF medium density fiberboard
  • fire retardant fire retardant
  • decorative melamine surface for interior uses, providing an easy to clean and scratch & stain resistant surface.
  • MDF panels are classified according to the criteria defined by EN 14322 - Wood-based panels - Melamine faced boards for interior uses.
  • MDF panels are classified as B-s1, d0 (Euroclass definition by EN 13501-1).
  • the front panel can assume several combinations of materials and perforation or micro-perforation patterns, either by simple or elongated holes, according to the desired design and visual effect.
  • MDF standalone or covered by wood leaf or laminated with a decorative resin paper.
  • a bar-code effect can also be used with parallel bars varying from vary from 2 to 23 mm.
  • Board thickness of the aspect that falls outside the scope of claim 1 may vary from 2 to 20 mm, with density variation 830 to 930 Kg/m 3 .
  • Wood leafs with 0.2 to 3 mm of thickness from a natural wood source may be applied to the board surface, as well as decorative resin paper.
  • the next element is a solid porous absorber. Sound energy is dissipated by simultaneous actions of viscous and thermal mechanisms. Sound absorbers are used to dissipate sound energy and to minimize its reflection. In this way, when sound passes through the perforated board, it penetrates a high-porosity foam, entering in a network of interconnected pores, where viscous and thermal interaction cause acoustic energy to be dissipated and converted in to heat.
  • the absorption coefficient ⁇ is defined as the ratio between the energy absorbed by a given material and the energy incident upon its surface. It is commonly used as a measure of absorption efficiency of a given material and it is known to vary with the frequency of the incident wave.
  • the density of the material influences the sound absorption behavior. If the fibers are packed too loosely, there will be little energy lost as heat. However if they are packed too densely, penetration suffers and the air motion cannot generate enough friction to be effective.
  • the porous absorber can be made from resins such as polyester urethane, polyether urethane or melamine and polyimide foam.
  • Polyurethane foam - open-cell foam made of polyester urethane or polyether urethane; the standard density for acoustical polyurethane foam is 20 kg/m 3 to 30 kg/m 3 .
  • Melamine Foam extra fire proof
  • BASOTEC melamine resin
  • a density range from 7 kg/m 3 to 12 kg/m 3 ; Fire rate: Germany DIN 4102-1- Class B1; US - UL 94 V0 HF 1; UK -BS476 - Part7.
  • Porous absorbers are in fact thermal materials and usually not effective sound barriers. Besides the density of the material, sound absorption effectiveness also depends on the thickness of the material, and on the airspace between the porous absorber and the hard surface to which the panel is attached.
  • foam thickness may vary from 10 mm up to 150 mm.
  • the need for significant thickness compared to operating sound wavelength makes porous absorbers dramatically inefficient and impractical at low frequencies.
  • This air chamber also allows for the panel to work as a Helmholtz resonator, where a lumped mass of air is forced in and out of a vent.
  • One end of the vent is open into a sealed enclosure, in particular a wall with volume V, in particular an air chamber and the other end is free to radiate into open air.
  • a sound wave striking the open end of the device will excite the resonant system, making the plug of air vibrate according to its length and radius and the stiffness provided by the compression of the enclosed volume V.
  • a typical panel includes a frame 2 which may be composed of lengths of timber suitably joined to form a rectangular or other desired shaped frame, with a triangular, square or rectangular cross section as referred on 7, 16 and 17.
  • a front fabric 1 is stretch mounted, glued or moulded to the front face of the solid porous absorber 3 and external face of frame 2, as referred on 11, 13 and 15.
  • Front fabric 1 is 100% made from polyester in warp knitting, ( Fig 7b ) and brushed in one side, allowing for a variety of colours and textures.
  • Front fabric 1 is stretch mounted, glued or moulded to frame 2 and to solid porous absorber 3.
  • Foam absorbent panel 3 is surrounded by frame 2 and connects directly to Front fabric 1.
  • the frame 2 operates as a structural element avoiding any distortion of the entire panel.
  • Frame 2 can present multiple shapes, as exemplified on 6 or 16 or 17.
  • the solid porous absorber foam on component 3 is comprised of front surface 9 which may present several patterns of relief ( Fig. 5a , Fig. 5b, Fig. 5c, Fig. 5d ), and a rear surface 8.
  • the rear surface of the solid porous absorber 3 may adopt several shapes including the ones represented in Figures 6a and 6b , resembling multiple trapezoidal shapes with a quadrangular wave cross-section.
  • Fig 9a shows a cross section of the solid porous absorber 3.
  • the rear surface 8, of the solid porous absorber 3 connects to a surface 27 through the minor bases of the trapezoidal shapes 18, thus creating air cavities 19 between surface 27 and the larger bases of the trapezoidal shapes.
  • the air cavities 19 allow air particles to flow, while maintaining substantial velocity.
  • variable depth rear air cavity which is created between the surface 8 and the wall surface 27 maximizes sound absorption by positioning a significant portion of the foam away from the wall 20 where absorption would be minimal.
  • variable depth rear air cavity 22 shown in Fig. 9c has a major impact on low frequency absorption.
  • the exposed positioning has all parts of foam away from the wall 23 where absorption is improved for bigger wavelengths.
  • pressure is zero, and air particle velocity is maximal.
  • the porous material By placing the porous material, a quarter wavelength from the wall, it will have maximum absorption effect because the particle velocity is maximal.
  • This disclosure includes a 45o and 315o angle between front and rear surfaces 6 and 6' of solid porous absorber 3 on Fig. 2 allowing for a perfect fit solution for corners in any room.
  • Chemical or mechanical fixing system can be applied to frame 2 in order to correctly attach the panel to the wall.
  • the front surface 4 of fabric 1 facing the incident sound waves presents an acoustically transparent surface area that creates the sound absorption characteristics on that side.
  • the present disclosure creates the air cavity 19.
  • extra performance can be obtained by the effect of an airtight chamber.
  • This effect can also be obtained by enclosing a series of panels in a wall-mounted system, as shown on Fig. 10a .
  • the resulting airtight chamber 19 is represented on Fig 10b .
  • the sealed rear air cavity 19 and method of attachment may provide additional sound absorption in the low frequency ranges due to increased air flows from the high pressure exterior surface of the foam to the ambient lower pressure interior air cavity.
  • the pressure gradient is created by sound waves impinging on the mounting surface. Near the mounting surface, the particle velocity is low and the pressure is high. Since the wavelength of low frequency sound is larger, the foam material and mounting surface are in the high-pressure zone at low frequencies. Thus, by sealing the variable depth air cavity 19, sound must pass through the interstices of the foam to equalize the pressure imbalance caused by the sound, thus enhancing sound absorption.
  • a typical panel according to this disclosure includes a frame (2) which may be composed of lengths of timber suitably joined to form a rectangular or other desired shaped frame, with a triangular, square or rectangular cross section as referred by the references (7), (16) and (17).
  • a board 1 which may vary in thickness is suitably attached to the front faces of the frame 2, as referred on 11, 13 and 15.
  • Board 1 of the aspect that falls outside the scope of claim 1, is made from of rigid or semi-rigid materials, which can be covered with premium design materials like wood or decorative resin paper. Board 1 is attached to frame 2 and to solid porous absorber 3. Foam absorbent panel 3 is surrounded by frame 2 and connects directly to board 1. The frame 2 operates as a structural element of board 1 avoiding any distortion of the entire panel. Frame 2 can present multiple shapes, as exemplified on 6 or 16 or 17.
  • Board 1 can exhibit multiple patterns of simple or elongated holes or drawings, as shown in the examples that fall outside the scope of claim 1 on figures 17a , 17b, 17c, 17d , 17e .
  • the chosen perforated groove allows for tuning the panel to different sound frequencies.
  • 2 or more boards 1, as shown on figure 17e , with a specific perforation design, joined together in any surface can convey the appearance of different 3D optical illusion patterns.
  • the solid porous absorber foam on component 3 is comprised of a rear surface 8 and a front flat surface 9.
  • the rear surface of the solid porous absorber 3 may adopt several shapes including the ones represented in Figures 16a and 16b , resembling multiple trapezoidal shapes with a quadrangular wave cross-section.
  • Fig 18a shows a cross section of the solid porous absorber 3 of an example that falls outside the scope of claim 1.
  • the rear surface 8, of the solid porous absorber 3 connects to a surface 27 through the minor bases of the trapezoidal shapes 18, thus creating air cavities 19 between surface 27 and the larger bases of the trapezoidal shapes.
  • the air cavities 19 allow air particles to flow, while maintaining substantial velocity.
  • variable depth rear air cavity which is created between the surface 8 and the wall surface 27 maximizes sound absorption by positioning a significant portion of the foam away from the wall 20 where absorption would be minimal.
  • variable depth rear air cavity 22 shown in Fig. 18b that falls outside the scope of claim 1, has a major impact on low frequency absorption.
  • the exposed positioning has all parts of foam away from the wall 23 where absorption is improved for bigger wavelengths.
  • pressure is zero, and air particle velocity is maximal.
  • the porous material By placing the porous material, a quarter wavelength from the wall, it will have maximum absorption effect because the particle velocity is maximal.
  • the example that falls outside the scope of claim 1 includes a 45o and 315o angle between front and rear surfaces 6 and 6' of solid porous absorber 3 on Fig. 12 allowing for a perfect fit solution for corners in any room.
  • Chemical or mechanical fixing system can be applied to frame (2) in order to correctly attach the panel to the wall.
  • the front surface (4) of board 1 facing the incident sound waves presents a perforated or grooved surface area that create the sound absorption characteristics on that side.
  • a lumped mass of air is forced in and out of a vent or cavities, represented for any front panel that falls outside the scope of claim 1 at 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e.
  • a sound wave striking the open end of the full solution will excite the resonant system, making the plug of air vibrate according to its length and radius and the stiffness provided by the compression of the enclosed volume.
  • Fig. 18a On the wall-mounted system, represented by Fig. 18a , that falls outside the scope of claim 1, creates the air cavity 19.
  • Fig. 18a By using an extra frame sealing all the sides of the series of adjacent panels, extra performance can be obtained by the effect of an airtight chamber. This effect can also be obtained by enclosing a series of panels in a wall-mounted system, as shown in the example that falls outside the scope of claim 1on Fig. 19a .
  • the resulting airtight chamber 19 is represented on Fig 19b.
  • the sealed rear air cavity 19 and method of attachment may provide additional sound absorption in the low frequency ranges due to increased air flows from the high pressure exterior surface of the foam to the ambient lower pressure interior air cavity.
  • the pressure gradient is created by sound waves impinging on the mounting surface. Near the mounting surface, the particle velocity is low and the pressure is high. Since the wavelength of low frequency sound is larger, the foam material and mounting surface are in the high-pressure zone at low frequencies. Thus, by sealing the variable depth air cavity 19, sound must pass through the interstices of the foam to equalize the pressure imbalance caused by the sound, thus enhancing sound absorption.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Zwei akustisch absorbierende Paneele, jedes Paneel umfassend:
    einen porösen akustischen Absorber (3) mit einer Vorderfläche (4) und einer nicht ebenen Rückfläche (8);
    einen Tragrahmen (2), in dem der genannte poröse akustische Absorber (3) befestigt wird; ein akustisch transparentes Frontgewebe (1), das an der genannten Vorderseite des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) befestigt ist;
    wobei die nicht ebene Oberfläche (8) so konfiguriert ist, dass, wenn das akustisch absorbierende Paneel an einer ebenen Befestigungsfläche angebracht ist, eine Kammer, die einen Hohlraum mit Luft (19) mit ungleichmäßiger Tiefe zur Verbesserung der Schallabsorption umfasst, zwischen der genannten nicht ebenen Rückfläche (8) und der ebene Befestigungsfläche gebildet wird
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden akustisch absorbierenden Paneele identisch sind und dass die genannte nicht ebene Rückseite (8) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) ergänzende Oberflächenkonfigurationen aufweist, um die beiden identischen akustisch absorbierenden Paneele durch Verbinden ihrer jeweiligen Rückseiten aufeinander zu stapeln.
  2. Paneele nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch, wobei die Vorderfläche (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorberpaneels (3) eben ist, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einer halben Ellipse aufweist, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einer Sinuswelle aufweist, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen benachbarten Halbkreisen mit konstantem oder variablem Radius aufweist, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einer Rechteckwelle aufweist, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einer Dreieckswelle hat, einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einer Sägezahnwelle hat, einen Querschnitt mit nach oben und nach unten abgewinkelten Abschnitten mit abgeflachten oberen und unteren Enden hat oder einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen einem Muster hat, das durch Berechnung einer Zahlenfolge ermittelt wird.
  3. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die genannte nicht ebene Rückseite (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) einen Befestigungsmechanismus an der genannten ebenen Fläche aufweist, an dem das genannte Paneel befestigt wird.
  4. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die genannte nicht ebene Rückseite (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) eine Gesamtoberfläche aufweist, die größer ist als die genannte abgedeckte Fläche.
  5. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die genannte nicht ebene Rückseite (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers mit der genannten Vorderseite des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) an einem Ende einen Winkel von 45° und am anderen Ende einen Winkel von 315º bildet.
  6. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die genannte nicht ebene Rückfläche (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) einen Querschnitt von im Wesentlichen: einer Rechteckwelle, einer Rechteckwelle in einer zweidimensionalen Anordnung von darauf befindlichen dreidimensionalen Formen, einer Sinuswelle oder einer Dreieckswelle aufweist.
  7. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der genannte Tragrahmen (2) aus einem steifen Material besteht, das dem genannten Paneel strukturelle Steifigkeit verleiht.
  8. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der genannte Tragrahmen (2) geradlinige Rahmensegmente aufweist.
  9. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Rahmenstrukturen, die den genannten Tragrahmen (2) bilden, eine Vorderseite und eine Innenseite haben, die der genannten nicht ebenen Rückseite des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) gegenüberliegen.
  10. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das genannte akustisch transparente Frontgewebe (1) auf der genannten Vorderseite (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) und auf der Seitenfläche des genannten Tragrahmens (2) befestigt ist.
  11. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das genannte akustisch transparente Frontgewebe (1) auf der genannten Vorderfläche (4) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) und auf der Seitenfläche des genannten Tragrahmens (2) geformt wird.
  12. Paneele nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Bereich der genannten nicht ebenen Rückfläche (8) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) eine Kammer definiert, umfassend einen Hohlraum mit Luft (19) mit ungleichmäßiger Tiefe, der von der genannten nicht ebenen Rückfläche (8) des genannten porösen akustischen Absorbers (3) und der genannten ebenen Fläche, an der das genannte Paneel befestigt ist, begrenzt wird, wobei die genannte Kammer die Schallabsorption verbessert.
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EP3771779B1 (de) * 2019-07-31 2024-07-10 Alois Meyering Raumschallabsorber zur montage an einer wand und/oder decke

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4122915A (en) * 1975-06-12 1978-10-31 Kazunori Taguchi Sound absorbing and diffusing unit, an acoustic screen and/or a partition
FR2893646A1 (fr) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-25 Audition Intelligibilite Acous Ecran acoustique multifrequence modulaire.
US20120285767A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Meyer John D Acoustically absorptive panel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4122915A (en) * 1975-06-12 1978-10-31 Kazunori Taguchi Sound absorbing and diffusing unit, an acoustic screen and/or a partition
FR2893646A1 (fr) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-25 Audition Intelligibilite Acous Ecran acoustique multifrequence modulaire.
US20120285767A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Meyer John D Acoustically absorptive panel

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