EP3491887A1 - Micro conducteur chauffant - Google Patents

Micro conducteur chauffant

Info

Publication number
EP3491887A1
EP3491887A1 EP17748448.2A EP17748448A EP3491887A1 EP 3491887 A1 EP3491887 A1 EP 3491887A1 EP 17748448 A EP17748448 A EP 17748448A EP 3491887 A1 EP3491887 A1 EP 3491887A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating conductor
micro
radiation source
structures
meander
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17748448.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3491887B1 (fr
Inventor
Marco Schossig
Tobias Ott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Infrasolid GmbH
Original Assignee
Infrasolid GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Infrasolid GmbH filed Critical Infrasolid GmbH
Publication of EP3491887A1 publication Critical patent/EP3491887A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3491887B1 publication Critical patent/EP3491887B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a micro heating conductor, wherein the micro heating conductor consists of a meandering,
  • the invention also relates to a micro heating conductor which is used as a radiation source, such as an infrared radiation source.
  • a radiation source such as an infrared radiation source.
  • Black body radiator emits the physically maximum possible amount of energy at each wavelength ⁇ .
  • Black body radiator is known and in the ⁇ denotes the Stefan- Boltzmann constant. Real emitters are not blackbody emitters. Their emitted radiation power is lower than that of the
  • Blackbody radiator same radiating area A and temperature T. This is because the real thermal radiator does not radiate at every wavelength ⁇ the maximum possible amount of energy.
  • emissivity ⁇ Energy amount is called emissivity ⁇ , which lies in the range between zero and one.
  • Black body radiator thus has the value one and is wavelength independent.
  • the emitted radiation power of real radiators is further reduced compared to the black body radiator in that the radiating surface A is not homogeneously heated with the temperature T, since the heating element is usually heated at a colder point, e.g. attached to the housing, and this connection due to heat conduction
  • a temperature distribution T (A) is formed on the surface A, with regions having a maximum and a minimum temperature forming on the radiating surface.
  • the radiant power Prs of a real thermal radiator can thus be adapted with a Stefan-Boltzmann law
  • the radiant power depends accordingly on the fourth
  • the radiating element For high radiation power, therefore, the radiating element must have a high temperature and a high average emissivity as close to unity as possible. In addition, for a high
  • thermal radiators operate according to the Joule principle heat, or also current heat, that is, when an electric current flows through a heating conductor, the electrical resistance of the heating conductor counteracts the current flow, whereby heat is generated. The resulting heat heats the heating element and is transferred from it
  • Heat radiation and must therefore be designed that the power loss as a result of the heat dissipation to the housing or to the surrounding gas as low as possible.
  • the heat dissipation to the surrounding the radiant heating element or the radiating heating element surrounding gas can be reduced by the housing of the
  • Infrared radiation source with an inert gas such as argon
  • Inert gases are characterized by a significantly lower thermal conductivity than that of air.
  • the heat dissipation of a cantilevered heat conductor to the housing of the infrared radiation source can be reduced by increasing the thermal resistance of the heat conductor.
  • the thermal resistance of a heat conductor depends on the material and its geometry. It is for typical heating conductor materials, such as e.g. metals,
  • Infrared radiation source has a self-supporting heating conductor, which should ideally be as long and thin as possible in order to provide a high electrical resistance, high thermal resistance and a large radiating area.
  • long self-supporting heating conductors have the disadvantage that under thermal load they expand more in absolute terms than short ones. They are thus mechanically less stable than short heating conductors.
  • Thermal infrared radiation sources are mainly used in non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analysis.
  • NDIR gas analysis is an optical method for determining the concentration of gases. The infrared radiation of the thermal emitter radiographs the cuvette with the fluid to be measured and then strikes the sensitive surface of the detector. To the highest possible proportion of the emitted
  • Heating conductor must therefore always be kept in the same position to the optics under operating temperature, so that the focus on the detector element is maintained. Another requirement for heat conductors is therefore the mechanical stability. Typical heating conductor materials, e.g.
  • Metals expand under thermal load, which in conjunction with their attachment, e.g. on the housing of the infrared radiator, leads to deformations.
  • the deformation is mainly dependent on the temperature, the material used and the Schuleitergeometrie.
  • thermal infrared radiation sources Four different types are used for previous applications in gas analysis: filament lamps, resistance coils, globars and thin-film radiators.
  • filament lamps In compact infrared spectroscopic devices, emitters with resistance coils and
  • the glass is no longer sufficiently transparent to infrared radiation above 4.5 ⁇ wavelength, so that
  • the radiating element is cantilevered and attached to some housing points, which hold the element in a fixed position and ensure electrical contact.
  • radiators have the disadvantage that the radiating element has too low an electrical resistance due to its short length. Furthermore, the low thermal resistance coupled to the low electrical resistance results in much of the electrical power dissipating to the housing in the form of heat rather than being dissipated as desired thermal radiation.
  • An advantage of this construction is the mechanical stability of the radiating element resulting from the small heating conductor length under temperature load. Furthermore, the radiation emitted on both sides can be utilized by a reflector integrated in the radiator housing.
  • spiral heating conductors provide a sufficiently high electrical resistance and a homogeneous Temperature distribution over the entire radiating surface. Its thickness is in the range of a few microns. These heaters are self-supporting, so that the bottom and top of the radiating element with a
  • the radiating element is not self-supporting
  • the radiating element consisting of a thin membrane and a Schumetallmaschine on a Support frame to be attached to secure it in the housing of the radiation source can.
  • This frame can not be used as a radiating surface and thus prevents optimal utilization of the available space as a radiating surface.
  • Another disadvantage of thin-film radiators is the inhomogeneous heating
  • Infrared radiation source with cantilever heating conductor which by a high electrical and thermal
  • Resistance is energy efficient and is characterized by a long-term stable and high radiation power, which is ensured by a heat conductor, which deforms only slightly under thermal load and a large
  • the object is achieved by a Mikroproofleiter in that the Mikroterrorismleiter at least two
  • Heat conductor structure with an area normal to a second Schumacher Designebene a second Schuleiterer Design encloses an angle and at least two
  • a heat conductor structure plane is understood to mean a plane in which the heat conductor structure lies, i. the plane is spanned by the heat conductor structure.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic diagram is shown in FIG. A meandering protuberance, in relation to the present subject matter of the invention, will be considered part of one in one
  • the materials are electrically connected, inasmuch as the compounds are electrically conductive.
  • the material thickness of the heating element is understood, which is smaller by a multiple than that Dimensions of the heating conductor structure is. It is less than 5 ym.
  • a temperature greater than 700 K can be achieved with the micro-heating conductor.
  • Spectral range can be used.
  • the radiating surface In order to achieve a high radiation power, in addition to a high temperature, the radiating surface must be as large as possible.
  • the electrical resistance and the thermal resistance must be high so that
  • the heat-conductor structure has a structure width of ⁇ 500 ⁇ m, preferably ⁇ 250 ⁇ m, more preferably ⁇ 125 ⁇ m. That the conductor pattern widths are larger by approximately two orders of magnitude than the thickness of the heating conductor material. Due to the meander-shaped heating conductor structures and the connection of the opposing meander protuberances, the mechanical stability under thermal stress can be significantly increased even at temperatures> 700 K.
  • the meander protuberances are two
  • Meander protuberances are designed such that the
  • Protuberances are connected in an area or the
  • connection can also be designed as an adhesive connection or a welded connection.
  • the compound acts both mechanically, thermally and electrically, i. the mechanical connection ensures the mechanical stability of the micro heating element, the thermal connection is the basis for the homogeneous heating of the micro heating element, so that a homogeneous
  • Infrared radiation can be achieved, the
  • the meander protuberances are arc-shaped or n-shaped, where n is a natural number greater than two. If the shape of a meander protuberance is changed locally, its partial resistance increases or decreases, which results in a higher or lower one at this point
  • Heat conductor cause Furthermore, it is also possible to influence and adjust the electrical resistance of the heating conductor structures and the mechanical stability of the micro heating conductor in a radiation source. Under a Partial resistance is the electrical or thermal
  • N-sided means that the recesses, e.g. in a
  • the surface normals of two adjacent heat conductor structures are designed to run parallel to one another. This means that the included angle is zero.
  • the heating conductor structures are located in one plane, but the heating conductor structures do not overlap.
  • the Mikroterrorismleiter is formed of a material. That is, the Schuetzleiterer Modellen are made of the same material and can either be combined to a Mikroterrorismleiter or the
  • Micro-heating is due to a structuring of a material, e.g. a metal foil, made by
  • Recesses are introduced into the material.
  • the size of these recesses is advantageously less than 50 ym.
  • Nickel-base alloy made of a nickel-base superalloy, of a Ni x Cri x alloy of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, of tungsten, of molybdenum, of carbon, of platinum, of tantalum
  • Vanadium made of a titanium-based alloy, rhenium, niobium, cobalt or an alloy of at least two of these materials.
  • the enumeration is to be understood as or linking, wherein an alloy consists of at least two of these enumerated materials.
  • Heat conductor structures is thus a homogeneous radiator with optimized mechanical stability feasible.
  • the heat conductor structures are cantilevered. This has the advantage that both the front and the
  • Thin-film radiators due to the direct connection of the heat sink (support frame) and heating metallization can be remedied by varying the shape of the recesses formed by the meandering protrusions.
  • Decisive is the partial resistance of the individual meander sections.
  • the Mikroterrorismleiter of at least two Schumacher Modellen is formed, which are formed so that the Mikroterrorismleiter forms a round or elliptical Schuleiter configuration in the Schuleiter Modellebene.
  • a schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 8. This is particularly advantageous if the micro-heating conductor is installed in a round housing, because with this structural form the installation space can be optimally utilized and the
  • the radiating surface is particularly large selectable.
  • the Mikrotropicleiter of at least two Schuleiter Modellen is formed, which are formed so that the Mikroterrorismleiter forms a curved Bankleiter Structure.
  • the Schuleiter Structure is then no longer in a plane but is curved, similar to a segment on a spherical surface.
  • the curved surface acts as a kind of collimator with a focal point. This can be used to focus the radiated radiation and thus to increase the radiance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sketch of a meander-shaped
  • FIG. 4 Consisting of a microheater according to the invention
  • Meander protuberances of the first heat conductor structure are not all connected to the meander protuberances of the second heat conductor structure;
  • FIG. 5 Consisting of a microheater according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 Consisting of a microheater according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 Consisting of a microheater according to the invention
  • Housing for use as an infrared ⁇ radiation source.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic representation of a
  • a meander is a unidirectional and repeating pattern, with a meander protuberance 2 relating to the present invention as a part of this
  • Pattern and adjacent protuberances 2 i. successive in the sequence of the pattern
  • Figure 2 shows the combination of two meandering
  • Fig. 2b shows a perspective view of two adjacent
  • Heat conductor structure 10-2 connected.
  • the advantage of both this connection and the tilt is a higher
  • FIG. 3 shows the tilting of two adjacent ones
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the micro-heating conductor 1 according to the invention, in which two heating-conductor structures 10-1, 10-2 are arranged in one plane, so that the
  • Meander protuberances 2 of the first heat conductor structure 10-1 are in each case opposite
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • Heat conductor structure 10-2 in the opposite direction as the meander protuberances 2 of the first Schuleiter Quilt 10-1 have connected.
  • the meander protuberances 2 of the second heat conductor structure 10-2 are corresponding to the respectively opposite meander protuberances 2 of the third heat conductor structure 10-3, which in the opposite direction as the meander protuberances 2 of the second
  • Heat conductor structure 10-2 point connected 6. Compared to Mikrofableiter of two meanders or
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the micro-heating conductor 1 according to the invention, in which four heating-conductor structures 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 are arranged in a plane, so that the surface normals 4 of the heating-conductor structure planes 3 run parallel to one another.
  • the meander protuberances 2 of the first heat conductor structure 10-1 are in each case with the
  • the meander protuberances 2 of the second heat conductor structure 10-2 are corresponding to the respectively opposite meander protuberances 2 of the third heat conductor structure 10-3, which in opposite direction than the Guranderausstülponne 2 of the second
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of the micro-heating conductor 1 according to the invention. If the Mikrotropicleiter 1 installed in a housing 11, that is used as a radiation element in a radiation source, such as an infrared radiation source, then
  • Radiation source housing 11 can be adjusted. As shown in Fig. 8, the Mikroschreibleiter 1 with the
  • Heat conductor structures 10 may be round in a round design, so that by this arrangement of
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the invention
  • Mikrocrocellleiters invention 1 shown.
  • a radiation source e.g. an infrared radiation source used
  • Radiation source housing 11 can be adjusted.
  • this round design can be formed even curved at the same time. This can be used, for example, to focus the radiation and increase the radiance.
  • 9a) shows a plan view, b) a side view, and FIGS. 9c) and d) various perspective views of the curved micro-heating conductor 1 consisting of four heating conductor structures 10.
  • FIG. 10 shows various shapes of the meandering structures 2 or protuberances.
  • Fig. 9a) shows the shape of the
  • Meander protuberances at n 3, ie the meanders have the Shape of triangles and in Fig. 9b) are the
  • Meander structures 2 arcuately formed. It may also, depending on the heat profile to be formed, i. local adjustment of the current density and thus the warm-up different meandering structure forms 2 are combined.
  • FIG. 11 shows the use of the invention
  • Terminals 8 contacted in the housing 11, wherein the

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un micro conducteur chauffant pour une source de rayonnement. Le micro conducteur chauffant est formé d'une structure de conducteurs chauffants en forme de méandres comportant des protubérances méandriques ainsi que tendant un plan de structure de conducteurs chauffants ayant une normale à la surface, des protubérances méandriques voisines étant formées dans le plan de structure de conducteurs chauffants et s'éloignant les unes des autres dans des directions opposées. L'objectif d'obtenir une géométrie du conducteur chauffant, qui pallie les inconvénients de l'état de la technique et qui se laisse intégrer dans des appareils compacts de spectroscopie infrarouge, est résolu en ce que le micro conducteur chauffant comporte au moins deux structures de conducteurs chauffants qui sont disposées les unes à côté des autres, une normale à la surface d'un plan d'une première structure de conducteurs chauffants formant un angle α avec une normale à la surface d'un plan d'une seconde structure de conducteurs chauffants, et au moins deux protubérances méandriques de la première structure de conducteurs chauffants sont conçues reliées à au moins deux protubérances méandriques de la seconde structure de conducteurs chauffants et électriquement connectées, le micro conducteur chauffant présentant une épaisseur homogène.
EP17748448.2A 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Micro conducteur chauffant Active EP3491887B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016113747.2A DE102016113747A1 (de) 2016-07-26 2016-07-26 Mikroheizleiter
PCT/EP2017/068942 WO2018019915A1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Micro conducteur chauffant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3491887A1 true EP3491887A1 (fr) 2019-06-05
EP3491887B1 EP3491887B1 (fr) 2019-11-06

Family

ID=59520888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17748448.2A Active EP3491887B1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Micro conducteur chauffant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10674567B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3491887B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109565907B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016113747A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018019915A1 (fr)

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DE102021205755B4 (de) 2021-06-08 2023-01-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung elektromagnetischer Strahlung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190281665A1 (en) 2019-09-12
CN109565907A (zh) 2019-04-02
WO2018019915A1 (fr) 2018-02-01
EP3491887B1 (fr) 2019-11-06
DE102016113747A1 (de) 2018-02-01
US10674567B2 (en) 2020-06-02
CN109565907B (zh) 2020-06-26

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