EP3491181A1 - Produit formant voile à solidité renforcée de manière unidirectionnelle utilisé pour produire des composants en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de carbone (cfk) - Google Patents

Produit formant voile à solidité renforcée de manière unidirectionnelle utilisé pour produire des composants en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de carbone (cfk)

Info

Publication number
EP3491181A1
EP3491181A1 EP17754276.8A EP17754276A EP3491181A1 EP 3491181 A1 EP3491181 A1 EP 3491181A1 EP 17754276 A EP17754276 A EP 17754276A EP 3491181 A1 EP3491181 A1 EP 3491181A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
fiber
layer
fibers
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17754276.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anton Mooshammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autefa Solutions Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Autefa Solutions Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autefa Solutions Germany GmbH filed Critical Autefa Solutions Germany GmbH
Publication of EP3491181A1 publication Critical patent/EP3491181A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/083—Combinations of continuous fibres or fibrous profiled structures oriented in one direction and reinforcements forming a two dimensional structure, e.g. mats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D04H1/4342—Aromatic polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pile product, in particular a technical pile product for use as a semi-finished product for the production of fiber-reinforced composite materials, in particular CFRP components.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing the pile product and an associated production plant.
  • pile products from one or more pile layers for the production of fiber-reinforced composite materials.
  • Fiber fabrics and fiber fabrics a significantly better
  • Drape capability (3D deformability). This is due in particular to the fact that in a batt
  • a pile product can thus at low
  • three-dimensional spatial form are formed under deviation from the flat in the original product expansion.
  • pile products offer the advantage that shorter fibers and optionally recycled fibers can be used for their production. Much of the manufacturing of fiber reinforced composites produced waste or the entire waste can thus be reused.
  • the fibers contained in a batt may have a preferred orientation. However, a not inconsiderable proportion of the fibers in the batt will have a confused orientation and thus of the
  • WO 2012/059538 AI discloses a nonwoven fabric, which is used as a semi-finished product for the production of fiber-reinforced
  • the nonwoven fabric is made from a fabric comprising one or more pile layers and a reinforcing grid.
  • a pile layer is loose in WO 2012/059538 A1 and according to the definition common in the technical field
  • a nonwoven or a nonwoven fabric is, for example, by needling
  • the reinforcing grid comprises at least the structural components "striving" and "crossing points".
  • the semi-finished product is formed by:
  • the semifinished product produced according to WO 2012/059538 Al has a somewhat improved draping ability compared to pure fabrics.
  • the semi-finished product necessarily includes crossing points between the fibers of the
  • Apparatus for forming a fibrous web Individual fibers from a fed fiber stream are successively deposited on a conveyor belt by one or more iridescent metering devices to form the nonwoven fabric. On the conveyor belt can continue to
  • prefabricated fabric are supplied, on which then the nonwoven fabric is formed by the deposition of the fibers.
  • Construction products and an associated manufacturing process are made of one
  • Nonwoven fabric formed.
  • a support structure of at least two individual threads is provided, wherein one of the threads is deposited in an oscillating shape. If several individual threads are deposited, they are arranged so that they at least partially
  • interposed support structure are connected to each other, for example.
  • Nonwovens for the topsheet and the backsheet are produced by a spunbond fabricator and / or a meltblown nonwoven fabric maker, and accordingly contain filaments. Spinning and meltblown processes are not to handle the usual
  • Staple fibers are suitable, which are included as a load-bearing component in a carded batt and serve for a fiber-reinforced composite material.
  • the Reinforcing structure is formed by first preparing the recycled fibers. There is a mechanical web formation. This includes the operations carding, wherein a fiber orientation is generated, and a needling or stabilization by needling. Thus, a consolidated nonwoven, or a nonwoven fabric made from recycled fibers is produced. In addition to this separately consolidated nonwoven layer, the reinforcing structure may have a layer of unidirectionally oriented reinforcing fibers, these two layers having a
  • Secondary structure are interspersed, which consists of at least one thread and connects the two layers together, for example.
  • layers are sewn to the thread or by the layers are interspersed with a fabric structure, a knitted fabric or a knit.
  • Support material is provided, deposited on the aligned fibers and distributed over a surface.
  • Backing material may be a nonwoven, i. an already consolidated pile product.
  • the carrier material with the applied fibers is fed to a press line with a calender in order to feed the fiber elements with the
  • WO 2011/101094 AI is a method for producing a plate-shaped semifinished product of a
  • Fiber composite known. Fibers with directional carbon fibers are made with reinforcing structures
  • Endlosfaserstoffe materially combined in a layer arrangement is heated, so that one contained in the layer arrangement
  • Thermoplastic component softens or melts.
  • Layer arrangement is compacted and solidified by cooling or under pressure without additional mechanical pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved manufacturing technology for a
  • Manufacturing technology includes
  • the semifinished product according to the present disclosure is a pile product having a high drapability and a high unidirectional strength. It also has a good cutting ability.
  • the semi-finished product or the pile product comprises a flat stacked arrangement of at least one pile layer of a nonwoven fibrous web and
  • Fiber layer is the at least one pile layer piled or coated and formed by a web-shaped yarn sheet. This group of threads has an exclusive
  • Fiber orientation and is formed of juxtaposed individual filaments.
  • the additional fiber layer is thus free of crossing points and, like the at least one pile layer, has surface-homogeneous properties.
  • the stacked arrangement is total
  • Connection points are substantially homogeneously distributed over the surface of the semifinished product and distributed substantially homogeneously over the cross section of the stacked arrangement. This results in essentially homogeneous, free path lengths of the fibers contained between the layers distributed homogeneously over the semifinished product (flat and in cross-section)
  • Uniformity of drapability is a particular advantage, besides the drape ability (ductility), achieved by the semifinished product according to the present disclosure.
  • the semifinished product thus offers particularly good processability for the production of components made of fiber-reinforced plastics, in particular with the formation of strongly curved shapes.
  • a batt is a mat-shaped or web-shaped mixture of single fibers or fiber flakes, wherein depending on the production of the batt, a preferred orientation of the fibers may be present, along which a larger proportion of the fibers or fiber parts is aligned.
  • the batt is a mechanically formed batt of staple fibers. In particular, it is a carded pile which consists predominantly or entirely of matrix staple fibers. Due to the exclusive fiber orientation of the yarn sheet, the strength of the pile product as a whole is increased unidirectionally over the strength of the fiber pile, so that the strength of a using the
  • the pile layer and the fiber layer each have a high
  • the pile layer and the additional fiber layer have a homogeneous structure in the surface. That is, they are free of additional macro support structures or macro-support means such as stitching or stapling.
  • the yarn sheet may be free of yarn crossings, adhesive bars, supporting sutures or similar action in the area of seam ⁇ or adhesives.
  • Threads of thread preferably consist exclusively of juxtaposed filaments.
  • Both the pile layer and the fiber layer can be with high internal mobility to three-dimensional
  • Pile layer and the additional fiber layer can continue to achieve a homogeneous absorption capacity for a matrix-forming composite, resulting in the production of a component of a fiber-reinforced composite material to a lower total weight. Furthermore, by a homogeneous and free of macro-proppant structure of the pile product is homogeneous in the surface
  • Pile layer or an additional fiber layer is provided.
  • the sheet-piled arrangement of the pile layer and the fiber layer which is formed exclusively by layering, obtains the aforementioned properties for the pile product formed according to the present disclosure.
  • the partial consolidation of the planar stacked arrangement can also be carried out homogeneously in the area, so that no impairment of the aforementioned advantages is to be feared.
  • the pile product formed from the at least one pile layer and the at least one further fiber layer
  • the fiber layer dispenses with a
  • the pile product according to the present disclosure may comprise one, two or more pile layers as well as one, two or more additional fiber layers, these layers each having a matching design or
  • Choice of the number and type of the respective layers can the desired properties and in particular the
  • Fiber blends are used.
  • At least one layer of the pile product i. At least one pile layer or at least one additional fiber layer is formed predominantly or completely from a fiber material which acts in the fiber composite material to be produced as the load-bearing fiber (short load-bearing fiber
  • Fibers This may in particular be a carbon fiber
  • Be glass fiber or a basalt fiber Further are Mixtures of the aforementioned fibers possible. More preferably, the proportion of load-bearing fibers in the pile product is generally 30% to 90%, with the different layers having different internal portions of the load-bearing fiber.
  • a pile layer and at least one fiber layer may be contained in the pile product, wherein the pile layer has a preferential orientation of the fibers contained in the fiber pile and the exclusive fiber orientation in the at least one other
  • the pile product may have a pile layer with a preferred orientation and a
  • Fiber orientation wherein the preferred direction and the exclusive fiber orientation are oriented substantially transverse to each other.
  • the pile product has a particularly high strength in the direction of the exclusive fiber orientation and a second unidirectionally increased strength in the
  • Preferred direction ie across the exclusive Fiber orientation. In all other directions, however, the strength may be lower.
  • pile layers can be provided in the planar stacked arrangement, each having a preferred orientation and wherein these
  • Preferred orientations are aligned transversely to each other. Such an arrangement is achieved in particular when a first pile layer is produced by longitudinal paneling or longitudinal laying and a second pile layer by transverse paneling or cross-laying.
  • Composite materials are usually deposited several layers of semi-finished fiber products in a mold. An additive forming the matrix of the composite is added. The structure thus formed
  • Semi-finished layers and filler material are subsequently or intermittently compressed and cured, in particular by heat input and compression.
  • a pile product according to the present disclosure comprising multiple plies can be used in spite of the opposite
  • the flat stacked arrangement in the semifinished state already have a desired directional distribution of strength, which is otherwise achieved only in the further processed state, namely by in the
  • Pile product according to the present disclosure comprises at least the following steps, which are executable in the specified or any other order:
  • Florlage is called a sheet-shaped pile on a
  • At least one web-shaped group of threads is deposited to form at least one further fiber layer above and / or below the pile layer,
  • the flat stacked arrangement of the pile product is partially solidified.
  • the partial solidification can be done by any solidification device.
  • Partial consolidation is achieved by the creation of local connection points between the fibers of the different Layers produced in the planar stacked arrangement, ie between the fibers of the one or more pile layers and the one or more additional fiber layers.
  • local connection points can in particular by
  • Hydroentangling be generated.
  • any other methods of partially bonding the sheet stacked array of the pile product may be used.
  • the partial solidification is preferably carried out in such a way that the local connection points are homogeneously distributed relative to the surface of the stacked arrangement.
  • the degree of partial consolidation i. the type or number of connection points generated per unit area may preferably be adjustable. Partial consolidation increases the internal integrity of the pile product, making it easier to handle. In particular, the supporting effect of a pile layer for an adjacent group of threads can be increased. However, the semi-solidified semi-finished product retains its drapability because the
  • connection points exist only locally, so that between the connection points still a free
  • Pile product according to the present disclosure comprises at least one conveyor and a Florableger for depositing a batt on the conveyor. By depositing the batt, a pile layer is created in the planar stacked arrangement of the pile product. The pile is in particular a in the withdrawal direction of the conveyor extending card web.
  • the production plant further comprises a Fadenscharableger, which is adapted to a
  • the yarn feeder stores the group of threads on the same conveyor on which the above-mentioned pile layer is stored.
  • the deposited yarn sheet can thus also form a web-shaped extending fiber layer in the planar stacked arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows an oblique view of the planar stacked arrangement of the pile product according to the invention
  • Figure 2 a first embodiment of the
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional representation of the planar stacked arrangement produced by the method according to FIG. 2;
  • Figure 4 a second embodiment of the
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional representation of the planar stacked arrangement produced by the method according to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 10 An exemplary embodiment of the pile product according to the present disclosure is shown in FIG.
  • the pile product (10) is stacked by a flat
  • the at least one pile layer (12, 13) and the at least one further fiber layer (21, 22) are preferably web-shaped and extend in a take-off direction (AR), which is predetermined for example by the running direction of a conveying means.
  • AR take-off direction
  • both the lower and first pile layer (12) and the upper and second respectively
  • the pile layer (13) has a preferred direction (VR), in which a predominant portion of the fibers (17) contained in the fibrous web (16) is aligned.
  • a preferred direction (VR) for example, in the
  • the fibrous web (16) can be deposited directly and in one layer on a conveying device (30) to form a pile layer (12, 13).
  • the batt (16) can be paneled in two or more layers to form a pile layer (12, 13).
  • the yarn sheet (23) deposited to form an additional fiber layer (21, 22) is formed by a multiplicity of threads, in particular yarn threads (24), which lie in a common plane or web and at least
  • (23) contained threads, especially yarn threads (24), are unwoven and uncrossed monofilaments.
  • the exclusive fiber orientation (FA) is parallel to the extent of the threads (24) in the yarn sheet (23).
  • Spacing can be specified in order to achieve certain properties of the pile product.
  • FA exclusive fiber orientation
  • Staple fiber yarns or core yarns may contain recycled fibers, especially recycled carbon fibers or
  • a filament yarn may consist of a single filament or of a small number of, for example, twisted filaments.
  • a filament is an endless fiber.
  • a roving is a strand or bundle of unconnected filaments.
  • the material of the pile layer and / or the at least one additional fiber layer can be of any type.
  • Fiber materials used include in particular load-bearing fibers such as carbon fibers, aramid fibers or mineral fibers such as glass fibers or basalt fibers. Also, the fibers of a pile layer may be partially or fully recycled fibers.
  • load-bearing fibers such as carbon fibers, aramid fibers or mineral fibers such as glass fibers or basalt fibers.
  • the fibers of a pile layer may be partially or fully recycled fibers.
  • Additional fiber layer may consist mainly or completely of one of the aforementioned fiber materials.
  • one or each ply layer as well as one or more additional fiber ply may consist of a blend of two or more of the aforementioned fiber materials.
  • fibers of such material may be contained in the fiber to be produced
  • Composite material acts as a matrix-forming component (in short, matrix fibers).
  • fibers of a fusible plastic thermoplastic
  • Such a fiber content can, for example, during thermobonding for partial consolidation of the surface stacked arrangement (11) of the pile product (10) serve by isolated by local melting
  • Bonding points between the fibers of the different layers (12, 13, 21, 22) are formed.
  • local connection points in each of the aforementioned material combinations can also be produced by local confusion of individual fibers of the various layers of the pile product, in particular by needlepunching or by hydroentangling.
  • Fiber layers acting as a matrix-forming component should be so high that they completely form the matrix of the composite to be manufactured, i. that a component in a subsequent manufacturing process can be formed exclusively from the semifinished product according to the present disclosure, without additionally having to be supplied with a matrix-forming material.
  • the proportion of thermoplastic fibers in the fiber layer and / or in the pile layer may preferably account for more than 50% and in particular more than 70%, so that the subsequent addition of a further matrix-forming substance in the production of components from the semi-finished products can be dispensed with.
  • the three lower layers (12, 21, 13) of the pile product shown in FIG. 1 form a first particularly preferred embodiment variant of the pile product according to the disclosure.
  • Fiber orientation (FA) of the fiber layer (21) is parallel to the matching preferred direction (VR) of both
  • the upper and the lower Pile layer (12, 13) envelop the yarn sheet (23) contained in the fiber layer (21) and support it or protect the yarns (24) contained in the yarn sheet (23) from external influences.
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the
  • the paneling shown in Figure 2 of the batt directly on a transport device (30) or on a previously deposited other pile layer done.
  • the preferred direction (VR) of the batt (16) is oriented parallel to the withdrawal direction (AR) of the conveyor (30).
  • This storage variant is called longitudinal laying.
  • each sheet pile is part of a belt loop and the front sheet edge (26) becomes straight
  • Each sheet layer (18, 19, 20) includes a lower fibrous batt that is formed in a deposition movement directed counter to the withdrawal direction (AR) and an upper batt oriented during one in the same direction as the withdrawal direction (AR)
  • Depositing movement is generated.
  • the depositing movement is preferably generated by a laying carriage of a Florablegers (42). Instead of a loop tray, a Florablegers (42).
  • Plane tray be provided.
  • a patch may be formed by separating rectangular pieces of web from the fed web.
  • FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, a cross-sectional representation through the planar stacked arrangement (11) which is produced in the deposition method according to FIG.
  • the fiber layer (21) contains a yarn sheet (23) formed by numerous individual threads (24).
  • the monofilaments are arranged substantially exclusively adjacent to each other, so that the additional
  • Fiber layer (21) has a particularly low thickness.
  • This fibrous pieces together form a pile layer (12).
  • a further pile layer (13) may be arranged under the fiber layer (21).
  • This further pile layer (13) may also be laid longitudinally, like the pile layer (12) shown in FIG.
  • the further pile layer (13) could be a transverse
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment variant for the
  • a batt (14) which is referred to as cross-laying or cross-laying.
  • the tray can be made in loop form or in the form of patches. While the conveyor (30), for example, with a
  • Continuous speed in the drawing direction (AR) is moved transversely to the batt (16) is supplied in a reciprocating motion and stored.
  • These Reciprocating motion is preferably generated by a laying carriage.
  • Each panel layer (18, 19, 20) comprises a first piece of fibrous material, which is deposited in a forward movement and a second
  • Fibrous piece which is deposited in the opposite movement.
  • the reciprocating movement is oriented in each case transversely to the withdrawal direction (AR).
  • a layer closure is preferably produced between the respectively uppermost sheet position to be newly added and the lowest sheet layer layer (18).
  • the leading edge (26) of the just-added sheet (not numbered) is positioned to lie just above the trailing edge of the first sheet (18).
  • Preferred direction (VR) in the batt (16) are also aligned transversely to the withdrawal direction (AR).
  • Longitudinal or a crosslapper has the advantage that only one Florableger a pile layer (12) can be produced, the thickness of which is significantly larger and in particular a multiple of the thickness of the supplied batt (16).
  • Figure 5 shows a cross section through the in the
  • a second pile layer (15) may in particular be a further transversely placed pile layer.
  • a further longitudinal pile layer may be provided.
  • two or more along the withdrawal direction (AR) arranged depositing devices (40, 41, 42, 43, 44) may be arranged, each having different pile layers
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show examples of one
  • Yarn feeder (40), a Florableger (42) in the form of a Lekslegers, a second Fadenscharableger (41) and a solidification device (46) are arranged.
  • the common conveyor (30) consists of one, two or more in a common direction
  • first a first fiber layer (21) is deposited by a yarn feeder (40).
  • this fiber layer (21) forms the lowest layer of the surface stacked
  • the Fadenscharableger (40) can be configured arbitrarily. He can, for example, one or more
  • a suitable take-off device can form a group of yarns from the majority of these yarn threads and place them on the conveying device (30).
  • the Fadenscharableger (40) may be in particular a thread tree or warp beam or include a thread tree or warp beam.
  • the yarn feeder may comprise a yarn producer, in particular a plurality of filament yarn producers.
  • a yarn producer in particular a plurality of filament yarn producers.
  • Filament yarn are issued or deposited by a filament yarn producer directly on the conveyor (30). Alternatively, a deduction and
  • Depositing device be interposed to form of the plurality of filament yarns a yarn sheet (23) and store them.
  • Longitudinal (42) can have any training.
  • it comprises a laying carriage (50) movable parallel to the take-off direction (AR), by means of which a free end of a fiber pile (16) fed to the longitudinal loader (42) is laid down in a reciprocating motion.
  • the feeding of the batt (16) to the laying carriage (50) can preferably take place via a likewise longitudinally movable deflection carriage (52).
  • a loop or a band memory (51) within the Lekslegers (42) may be formed to the
  • the batt (16) is transported via a feed belt (49) to the Florableger (42).
  • a pile supply position (45) In front of the feed belt (49) is arranged a pile supply position (45), which is designed here as a pile producer in the form of a card.
  • the production of unconsolidated fibrous webs by a carding machine is known in practice.
  • a card points A card points
  • a large garnished roll which forms the so-called. Tambour (48).
  • fibers taken from a flake chamber (47) are taken along and shaped or combed into a fluffy or cotton-like pile.
  • doffer rollers the flaky or cotton-like structure is removed from the spool (48) and possibly formed with slight compression to the batt (16).
  • Florbrwolf (45) are present.
  • Florableger (42) arranged a second Fadenscharableger (41), which may have the same configuration as the aforementioned first Fadenscharableger (40).
  • a second Fadenscharableger (41) By the second Fadenscharableger (41) a second fiber layer (22) is deposited on the previously formed pile layer (12).
  • a solidification device 46
  • a needle machine or a needle work. Such machines are known in practice.
  • the needle loom comprises a needle bar having a plurality of substantially perpendicular to the
  • Conveyor (30) oriented needles is stocked. By an up and down movement of the needle bar, the needles are inserted into the planar stacked arrangement (11) and pulled out again.
  • each of the needles can take along one or a few fibers from the various layers (21, 12, 22) and reorient at least some of the entrained fiber and, if appropriate, bring it into an adjacent layer.
  • a Fadenscharableger (40, 41) may optionally be built much smaller than a card or a corresponding other pile generator (45). It is thus simpler in terms of production technology, two or more
  • Fadenscharableger (40, 41) along the withdrawal direction (AR) of a (common) conveyor (30)
  • Fadenscharablegers (40), a Llindslegers (42) and a second Fadenscharablegers (41) provides a particularly simple and inexpensive and therefore preferred
  • Embodiment variant for a production plant (60) according to the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment of a production plant 60.
  • a first Florableger (43), a Fadenscharableger (40) and a second Florableger (44) are arranged one behind the other.
  • At least the second Florableger (44) may preferably as Querleger (also called Buchleger)
  • Florbholenell (45) can be one of the above
  • a first felt layer (14) is deposited.
  • a fiber layer (21) by depositing a Filament bundle (23) formed and in turn on a second pile layer (15) is stored.
  • the planar arrangement (11) can be supplied to a solidification device (46). Modifications of the invention are possible in various ways. In particular, those to the individual
  • Variant may be connected to a common
  • Florableger be arranged in training as a longitudinal.
  • the two Florableger can each be connected to its own Flor hole ein (45).
  • Florbrwolf in particular a common card or a common Haittelschachtspeiser or
  • At least one batt with at least one Carrying tape can be wound on a roll.
  • Such a batt can, together with the fastener tape on the
  • an additional fiber layer can be deposited on the unwound Faserflor. Furthermore, one or more additional pile layers or fiber layers
  • planar stacked arrangement may optionally be rewound together with the fastener tape.
  • the pile and / or the planar stacked arrangement can be used to increase the
  • Roll-up or winding suitability can be easily consolidated. It is also possible to form a flat stacked arrangement by a fiber layer and, if necessary, another nonwoven layer on a unwound fleece
  • Solidification can be done, especially by light needling.
  • the above-mentioned method can optionally be carried out in several stages in succession, so that, for example, at the entrance of the production plant either a single batt or an already previously formed areal stacked arrangement is supplied.
  • the planar stacked assembly according to the present disclosure is preferably formed free of suture or stapling agents that would interfere with the homogeneity of the pile product in the surface.
  • the at least one pile layer and the at least one further fiber layer are in each case unsewn and un-stitched individually and with one another. Due to the absence of additional seam ⁇ or stitching means it is achieved that the
  • Preference folds are avoided, which is often due to a cross seam or an additional stapling agent.
  • an alternating stacking sequence of one pile layer (12, 13) and one additional fiber layer (21, 22) is preferably provided.
  • the present disclosure comprises as a separate aspect a production method for producing a pile product as described above. It comprises the following steps:
  • the production method preferably further comprises the steps of: partially consolidating the planar stacked arrangement (11) of the pile product (10) by generating local
  • the manufacturing process may include all features disclosed individually or in combination with the products and equipment described above.
  • nonwoven fibrous web nonwoven

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un demi-produit utilisé dans la fabrication de matériaux composites renforcés par fibres, un procédé de production dudit demi-produit ainsi qu'une installation de production associée. Le demi-produit comprend un ensemble (11) partiellement renforcé, empilé en nappe et composé d'au moins une couche de voile constituée d'un voile de fibres (16) non tissé ainsi que d'au moins une autre couche de fibres (21, 22) sous forme de bande. Ladite au moins une couche de voile (12, 13, 14, 15) se compose essentiellement ou entièrement de fibres de carbone, de fibres d'aramide ou de fibres minérales comme des fibres de verre ou des fibres de basalte et les fibres (17) qui sont contenues dans la couche de voile (12, 13) présentent une orientation préférée (VR). L'ensemble empilé en nappe est exclusivement réalisé par dépôt de couches, ladite au moins une couche de voile et ladite au moins une couche de fibres étant exemptes de macroéléments de support auxiliaires. L'autre couche de fibres (21, 22) est formée par une nappe de fils de chaîne (23, 24) sous forme de bande, composée de fils individuels disposés les uns à côté des autres. Ladite couche se compose en outre essentiellement ou entièrement de fibres de carbone, de fibres d'aramide ou de fibres minérales telles que des fibres de verre ou des fibres de basalte et présente une orientation exclusive des fibres (FA). Ledit produit formant voile est partiellement renforcé par des points d'assemblage locaux situés entre les fibres des différentes couches, de sorte que le demi-produit présente une haute solidité directionnelle et simultanément une aptitude maximale au drapage.
EP17754276.8A 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Produit formant voile à solidité renforcée de manière unidirectionnelle utilisé pour produire des composants en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de carbone (cfk) Withdrawn EP3491181A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202016104070.1U DE202016104070U1 (de) 2016-07-26 2016-07-26 Florprodukt mit unidirektional erhöhter Festigkeit zur Herstellung von CFK-Bauteilen
PCT/EP2017/068887 WO2018019886A1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Produit formant voile à solidité renforcée de manière unidirectionnelle utilisé pour produire des composants en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de carbone (cfk)

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EP3491181A1 true EP3491181A1 (fr) 2019-06-05

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EP17754276.8A Withdrawn EP3491181A1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2017-07-26 Produit formant voile à solidité renforcée de manière unidirectionnelle utilisé pour produire des composants en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de carbone (cfk)

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US (1) US20190160778A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3491181A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109477265A (fr)
DE (1) DE202016104070U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018019886A1 (fr)

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US4198494A (en) * 1974-09-30 1980-04-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Intimate fiber blend of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) and poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)
US4589169A (en) * 1983-03-25 1986-05-20 Veb Kombinat Textima Apparatus for production of a non-woven fabric
GB2173828B (en) * 1985-04-13 1989-05-04 Heinsco Ltd Stable fabrics
JPH06248550A (ja) * 1993-02-24 1994-09-06 Nitto Boseki Co Ltd ニードルマット状ガラス繊維複合シート
DE19715740A1 (de) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-22 Forbo Int Sa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vliesen für textile Bodenbeläge und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US5910458A (en) * 1997-05-30 1999-06-08 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass fiber mats, thermosetting composites reinforced with the same and methods for making the same
FR2821631B1 (fr) * 2001-03-01 2003-09-19 Saint Gobain Vetrotex Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'une plaque composite a renfort fibreux multiaxial
DE10205829B4 (de) * 2002-02-13 2006-05-04 Corovin Gmbh Verstärktes Lagenmaterial sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
JP5063315B2 (ja) * 2006-12-28 2012-10-31 花王株式会社 伸縮シート
DE102009019175A1 (de) * 2009-04-28 2010-11-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verstärkungsstruktur aus faserartigem Material für Kunstoffbauteile
FR2949239B1 (fr) * 2009-08-21 2011-10-28 Gilbert Chomarat Renfort a meche de fils de verre parralleles.
DE102010008370A1 (de) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-18 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V., 07407 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines plattenförmigen Halbzeugs aus Faserverbundwerkstoff
DE202010008748U1 (de) * 2010-10-07 2012-01-16 Autefa Solutions Germany Gmbh Legeeinrichtung
PT2635417E (pt) * 2010-11-03 2015-12-22 Sgl Automotive Carbon Fibers Gmbh & Co Kg Camada de tecido turco tendo feixes com desenvolvimento encurvado
DE102011000722A1 (de) * 2011-02-14 2012-08-16 Universität Bremen Verfahren zum Herstellen von Faserhalbzeug
EP2636783A1 (fr) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-11 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Matière première composite plate
CN103085404B (zh) * 2013-02-05 2014-12-17 宁波市奇兴无纺布有限公司 一种多层复合型吸液芯体材料及其生产工艺

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DE202016104070U1 (de) 2017-10-27
WO2018019886A1 (fr) 2018-02-01
CN109477265A (zh) 2019-03-15
US20190160778A1 (en) 2019-05-30

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