EP3491154B1 - Heat treatment device - Google Patents
Heat treatment device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3491154B1 EP3491154B1 EP17737222.4A EP17737222A EP3491154B1 EP 3491154 B1 EP3491154 B1 EP 3491154B1 EP 17737222 A EP17737222 A EP 17737222A EP 3491154 B1 EP3491154 B1 EP 3491154B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid flow
- heat
- stage
- flow
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for heat treatment, a use of a device and a method for heat treatment.
- quenching i.e. the more or less rapid cooling of a previously heated material or component in order to create a certain material property.
- quenching is done with water, oil or by blowing with air.
- a method for quenching workpieces in which a fluid cooling medium in the form of individual drops is introduced into a gaseous cooling medium.
- the workpiece is supplied with the combined cooling medium in such a way that the drops of the fluid cooling medium are transported to the workpiece by means of the gaseous cooling medium in order to come into contact with the workpiece.
- the EP 0 690 138 A1 relates to a method for quenching workpieces using gases in a heat treatment system and recooling the gases conveyed in the circuit on cooling surfaces in at least one heat exchanger.
- the EP 2 573 194 A1 relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular a process for the heat treatment of rails, including railway tracks. After a rail head has cooled, the rail is cooled by rolling heat, first with compressed air and then with a water-air mixture.
- the EP 2 554 288 A1 relates to a method for heat treating aluminum sheet material, a tool for carrying out such a method and an aluminum sheet material heat-treated according to such a method.
- a device for heat treatment in particular for quenching metals or materials with a fluid stream, comprises a device for generating or transporting a fluid stream and a conditioning device, wherein the conditioning device is designed in at least two stages and is designed such that the temperature of the fluid stream in at least can be lowered in two steps.
- the temperature of the fluid stream can therefore expediently be adjusted/changed, in particular reduced, one after the other, in particular in at least two steps.
- the metal or workpiece is in particular a metal or workpiece made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the workpiece or the material/metal being, for example Following a heat treatment, it is quenched at around 500 °C and then aged at around 200 °C.
- the device can also be used with other materials or materials, for example steel.
- the fluid flow refers in particular to a coolant flow that is gaseous.
- the conditioning device does not change the physical state of the fluid stream. It is therefore expediently ensured that a gaseous fluid flow is present when the fluid flow impinges on the materials/workpieces to be cooled. This can advantageously prevent water retention or accumulation of water in any undercuts in the workpieces, for example.
- the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow can be a fan, for example a fan or a blower. It is also possible to use compressors, such as piston compressors, flow compressors and/or turbo compressors. The device can also be designed in such a way that it includes one or more of the aforementioned devices for generating or transporting the fluid flow.
- the conditioning device is expediently designed to increase a heat capacity of the fluid flow.
- it is not just about the temperature or the temperature level of the fluid stream, but also about its heat capacity, which can advantageously be increased by the conditioning device or by the process control.
- a first stage is expediently based on a heat transfer between the fluid stream and a coolant, while a second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a coolant, which removes heat from the fluid stream.
- the first stage is formed by a heat exchanger and the second stage by an admixing device, the admixing device being designed to mix, add, in particular blow or inject a liquid medium into the fluid flow.
- the first temperature reduction is carried out by a heat exchanger and a second temperature reduction takes place by fluid injection.
- the admixing device includes, for example, a suitable injection system, comprising one or more injection or injection nozzles or generally an admixing unit. Droplets are expediently injected in a range of approximately 5 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably in a range of approximately 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the admixing unit expediently comprises one or more valves for controlling or regulating the admixture of the medium.
- the way in which the medium is introduced is not critical in this case. It is crucial that it is introduced in the liquid state, as the enthalpy of vaporization should be used to cool the fluid flow. In other words, heat is removed from the fluid flow, which is required for the evaporation of the introduced liquid medium, for example in the form of drops.
- the medium is water and the fluid stream is air or an air stream.
- Typical flow velocities of the fluid stream are in a range of approximately 5 to 60 m/s.
- the heat exchanger can be a co-current or a counter-current heat exchanger.
- a coolant expediently flows through the heat exchanger, which can be liquid and/or gaseous.
- the fluid stream can also consist of nitrogen or argon or comprise at least one of the aforementioned components.
- the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, relative to a flow direction of the fluid flow. This expediently results in “pre-cooling”, so to speak.
- the admixing device is arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on the flow direction of the fluid stream.
- the at least one heat exchanger is expediently arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, for example the fan, and the admixing device afterwards.
- the big advantage is that pre-cooling can be achieved through the arrangement of the heat exchanger.
- the device for generating or transporting the fluid stream generally requires an increase in the temperature of the "pre-cooled" fluid stream. This at first glance "harmful" temperature increase can now be ideally converted into an advantage in connection with the admixing device, since this temperature increase results in more liquid medium, in particular water, being able to be added to the fluid flow.
- the temperature of the fluid stream can now be reduced again in one step, namely by injecting water, while at the same time increasing its heat capacity by adding water. This means that significantly higher cooling gradients can be achieved than by simply reducing the temperature level of a fluid flow or coolant flow.
- heat exchangers for example two, three or more, can also be provided, which are connected in series, for example, possibly before and/or after the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow.
- the heat exchanger is preferably arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on a flow direction of the fluid flow.
- a corresponding sensor or detection system is expediently provided in order to be able to record the physical properties such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. of the fluid flow and, for example. B. to be able to determine exactly how far a temperature level should be reduced in order to be able to inject a certain amount of water, etc.
- the device expediently comprises a control device which is designed to detect at least the moisture content of the fluid flow, with this data being advantageously used to adapt, control and/or regulate the at least two stages of the conditioning device.
- the device advantageously makes it possible to increase the quenching gradients that can be achieved.
- it is possible to achieve very defined and controllable quenching gradients, especially with the same volume flow.
- the same volume flow is particularly important because it ensures that the components or materials or workpieces always have the same flow against/around them. It is not simply possible to increase the cooling capacity by increasing the volume flow, as the flow and thus the heat transfer around the component etc. change.
- the admixing device can advantageously be used to provide a means for permanent, more or less independent of external Influences to provide constant cooling performance or cooling gradients. It has been shown that the mechanical component properties can be improved: Mechanical strength parameters such as: B. Yield limit and tensile strength can be increased, with comparable static and dynamic deformation properties.
- the device therefore has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for.
- the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.
- the invention further relates to the use of a device according to the invention for quenching materials, components or workpieces made of metal, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
- a first stage is based on a heat transfer between the fluid flow and a coolant, for example using a heat exchanger
- the second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a medium, which directly removes heat from the fluid flow.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a device for heat treatment, comprising a device 20 for generating or transporting a fluid flow F.
- a flow direction is outlined with the reference symbol S.
- Seen in the flow direction S in front of the device 20, a heat exchanger 40 is arranged.
- the fluid flow F conditioned in this way can then be applied to a workpiece or to a material or a component 80 in order to cool it, in particular to quench it.
- What can be clearly seen in the embodiment shown here is a two-stage conditioning device, which includes the heat exchanger 40 in a first stage and the admixing device 60 in a second stage.
- the device has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for.
- the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung, eine Verwendung einer Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung.The present invention relates to a device for heat treatment, a use of a device and a method for heat treatment.
Um die gewünschten Eigenschaften eines Materials darzustellen, sind in der metallverarbeitenden Industrie meist mehrere Wärmebehandlungsschritte als Elemente einer komplexen Herstellroute notwendig. Ein wichtiger Schritt ist hierbei das Abschrecken, also das mehr oder weniger schnelle Abkühlen eines zuvor erwärmten Materials bzw. Bauteils, um eine bestimmte Materialeigenschaft zu erzeugen. Typischerweise erfolgt das Abschrecken mit Wasser, Öl oder durch Anblasen mit Luft. In der
Die
Die
Die
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung, eine Verwendung einer Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung anzugeben, welche die vorgenannten Nachteile beseitigen und insbesondere hohe Abkühlgradienten ermöglichen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for heat treatment, a use of a device and a method for heat treatment, which eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages and in particular enable high cooling gradients.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, durch eine Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 7 sowie durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 8 gelöst. Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen sowie der Beschreibung und den beigefügten Figuren.This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1, by a use according to claim 7 and by a method according to claim 8. Further advantages and features result from the subclaims as well as the description and the attached figures.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst eine Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere zum Abschrecken von Metallen bzw. Werkstoffen mit einem Fluidstrom, eine Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren eines Fluidstroms sowie eine Konditioniereinrichtung, wobei die Konditioniereinrichtung zumindest zweistufig ausgebildet und derart ausgelegt ist, dass die Temperatur des Fluidstroms in zumindest zwei Stufen absenkbar ist. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Temperatur des Fluidstroms also nacheinander, insbesondere in zumindest zwei Schritten, einstellbar/veränderbar, insbesondere reduzierbar. Bei dem Metall oder Werkstück handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Metall oder Werkstück aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, wobei das Werkstück bzw. das Material/Metall zum Beispiel im Anschluss an eine Wärmebehandlung bei etwa 500 °C abgeschreckt und nachfolgend bei etwa 200 °C ausgelagert wird. Insbesondere handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine T6 bzw. T7-Wärmebehandlung. Selbstverständlich kann die Vorrichtung auch bei anderen Materialien bzw. Werkstoffen, beispielsweise Stahl, verwendet werden. Entscheidend ist vorliegend die zweistufige Temperaturänderung, insbesondere die zweistufige Temperaturabsenkung, welche ermöglicht, äußerst hohe Abkühlgradienten vorzusehen. Mit dem Fluidstrom ist insbesondere ein Kühlmittelstrom gemeint, welcher gasförmig ist. Vorteilhafterweise ändert die Konditioniereinrichtung den Aggregatzustand des Fluidstroms nicht. Zweckmäßigerweise ist also sichergestellt, dass beim Auftreffen des Fluidstroms auf die zu kühlenden Materialien/Werkstücke ein gasförmiger Fluidstrom vorliegt. Damit kann mit Vorteil verhindert werden, dass es beispielsweise in etwaigen Hinterschneidungen der Werkstücke zu Wassereinlagerungen oder Wasseranlagerungen kommt. Bei der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms kann es sich um einen Lüfter handeln, beispielsweise um einen Ventilator oder um ein Gebläse. Möglich ist auch die Verwendung von Verdichtern, wie beispielsweise Kolbenverdichtern, Strömungsverdichtern und/oder Turboverdichtern. Die Vorrichtung kann auch derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie ein oder mehrere der vorgenannten Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms umfasst.According to the invention, a device for heat treatment, in particular for quenching metals or materials with a fluid stream, comprises a device for generating or transporting a fluid stream and a conditioning device, wherein the conditioning device is designed in at least two stages and is designed such that the temperature of the fluid stream in at least can be lowered in two steps. The temperature of the fluid stream can therefore expediently be adjusted/changed, in particular reduced, one after the other, in particular in at least two steps. The metal or workpiece is in particular a metal or workpiece made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the workpiece or the material/metal being, for example Following a heat treatment, it is quenched at around 500 °C and then aged at around 200 °C. In particular, this is, for example, a T6 or T7 heat treatment. Of course, the device can also be used with other materials or materials, for example steel. What is crucial here is the two-stage temperature change, in particular the two-stage temperature reduction, which makes it possible to provide extremely high cooling gradients. The fluid flow refers in particular to a coolant flow that is gaseous. Advantageously, the conditioning device does not change the physical state of the fluid stream. It is therefore expediently ensured that a gaseous fluid flow is present when the fluid flow impinges on the materials/workpieces to be cooled. This can advantageously prevent water retention or accumulation of water in any undercuts in the workpieces, for example. The device for generating or transporting the fluid flow can be a fan, for example a fan or a blower. It is also possible to use compressors, such as piston compressors, flow compressors and/or turbo compressors. The device can also be designed in such a way that it includes one or more of the aforementioned devices for generating or transporting the fluid flow.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Konditioniereinrichtung ausgelegt, eine Wärmekapazität des Fluidstroms zu erhöhen. Vorteilhafterweise geht es also nicht alleine um die Temperatur bzw. das Temperaturniveau des Fluidstroms, sondern auch um dessen Wärmekapazität, wobei diese mit Vorteil durch die Konditioniereinrichtung bzw. durch die Verfahrensführung erhöht werden kann. Zweckmäßigerweise basiert eine erste Stufe auf einer Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Fluidstrom und einem Kühlmittel, während eine zweite Stufe auf einer Änderung des Aggregatzustands eines Kühlmittels basiert, welche dem Fluidstrom Wärme entzieht.The conditioning device is expediently designed to increase a heat capacity of the fluid flow. Advantageously, it is not just about the temperature or the temperature level of the fluid stream, but also about its heat capacity, which can advantageously be increased by the conditioning device or by the process control. A first stage is expediently based on a heat transfer between the fluid stream and a coolant, while a second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a coolant, which removes heat from the fluid stream.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die erste Stufe durch einen Wärmetauscher gebildet und die zweite Stufe durch eine Zumischeinrichtung, wobei die Zumischeinrichtung ausgelegt ist, dem Fluidstrom ein flüssiges Medium zuzumischen, zuzugeben, insbesondere einzublasen oder einzuspritzen. Die erste Temperaturabsenkung wird durch einen Wärmetauscher durchgeführt und eine zweite Temperaturabsenkung findet durch eine Fluideinspritzung statt. Hierzu umfasst die Zumischeinrichtung beispielsweise ein geeignetes Einspritzsystem, umfassend ein oder mehrere Einblase- oder Einspritzdüsen bzw. allgemein eine Zumischeinheit. Zweckmäßigerweise werden Tröpfchen in einem Bereich von etwa 5 bis 100 µm, bevorzugt in einem Bereich von etwa 10 bis 80 µm, eingespritzt. Zweckmäßigerweise umfasst die Zumischeinheit ein oder mehrere Ventile zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Zumischung des Mediums. Möglich ist auch die Verwendung eines Ultraschallzerstäubers. Die Art und Weise wie das Medium eingebracht wird ist vorliegend nicht kritisch. Entscheidend ist, dass es im flüssigen Zustand eingebracht wird, da die Verdampfungsenthalpie genutzt werden soll, um den Fluidstrom zu kühlen. Mit anderen Worten wird dem Fluidstrom also Wärme entzogen, welche für die Verdunstung des eingebrachten flüssigen Mediums, beispielsweise in Form der Tropfen, benötigt wird.According to the invention, the first stage is formed by a heat exchanger and the second stage by an admixing device, the admixing device being designed to mix, add, in particular blow or inject a liquid medium into the fluid flow. The first temperature reduction is carried out by a heat exchanger and a second temperature reduction takes place by fluid injection. For this purpose, the admixing device includes, for example, a suitable injection system, comprising one or more injection or injection nozzles or generally an admixing unit. Droplets are expediently injected in a range of approximately 5 to 100 μm, preferably in a range of approximately 10 to 80 μm. The admixing unit expediently comprises one or more valves for controlling or regulating the admixture of the medium. It is also possible to use an ultrasonic atomizer. The way in which the medium is introduced is not critical in this case. It is crucial that it is introduced in the liquid state, as the enthalpy of vaporization should be used to cool the fluid flow. In other words, heat is removed from the fluid flow, which is required for the evaporation of the introduced liquid medium, for example in the form of drops.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform handelt es sich bei dem Medium um Wasser und bei dem Fluidstrom um Luft bzw. um einen Luftstrom. Typische Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Fluidstroms liegen in einem Bereich von etwa 5 bis 60 m/s.According to a preferred embodiment, the medium is water and the fluid stream is air or an air stream. Typical flow velocities of the fluid stream are in a range of approximately 5 to 60 m/s.
Bei dem Wärmetauscher kann es sich um einen Gleichstrom- oder um einen Gegenstromwärmetauscher handeln. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Wärmetauscher von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt, wobei dieses flüssig und/oder gasförmig sein kann.The heat exchanger can be a co-current or a counter-current heat exchanger. A coolant expediently flows through the heat exchanger, which can be liquid and/or gaseous.
Alternativ kann der Fluidstrom auch aus Stickstoff oder Argon bestehen bzw. zumindest eines der vorgenannten Bestandteile umfassen.Alternatively, the fluid stream can also consist of nitrogen or argon or comprise at least one of the aforementioned components.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Wärmetauscher, bezogen auf eine Strömungsrichtung des Fluidstroms, vor der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise wird dadurch sozusagen eine "Vorkühlung" realisiert.In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, relative to a flow direction of the fluid flow. This expediently results in “pre-cooling”, so to speak.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Zumischeinrichtung, bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung des Fluidstroms, nach der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms angeordnet.According to a preferred embodiment, the admixing device is arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on the flow direction of the fluid stream.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist also der zumindest eine Wärmetauscher vor der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms, beispielsweise des Gebläses, angeordnet und die Zumischeinrichtung danach. Der große Vorteil besteht darin, dass durch die Anordnung des Wärmetauschers eine Vorkühlung erreicht werden kann. Die Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms bedingt in der Regel eine Temperaturerhöhung des "vorgekühlten" Fluidstroms. Diese auf den ersten Blick "schädliche" Temperaturerhöhung kann nun in idealer Weise im Zusammenhang mit der Zumischeinrichtung in einen Vorteil umgewandelt werden, da diese Temperaturerhöhung darin resultiert, dass dem Fluidstrom mehr flüssiges Medium, insbesondere Wasser, beigemischt werden kann. Insofern kann nun in einem Schritt, nämlich durch die Wassereinblasung, die Temperatur des Fluidstroms wieder gesenkt werden, wobei gleichzeitig, durch die Wasserbeimengung, dessen Wärmekapazität erhöht wird. Damit können deutlich höhere Abkühlgradienten erreicht werden als durch eine alleinige Senkung eines Temperaturniveaus eines Fluidstroms bzw. Kühlmittelstroms.The at least one heat exchanger is expediently arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, for example the fan, and the admixing device afterwards. The big advantage is that pre-cooling can be achieved through the arrangement of the heat exchanger. The device for generating or transporting the fluid stream generally requires an increase in the temperature of the "pre-cooled" fluid stream. This at first glance "harmful" temperature increase can now be ideally converted into an advantage in connection with the admixing device, since this temperature increase results in more liquid medium, in particular water, being able to be added to the fluid flow. In this respect, the temperature of the fluid stream can now be reduced again in one step, namely by injecting water, while at the same time increasing its heat capacity by adding water. This means that significantly higher cooling gradients can be achieved than by simply reducing the temperature level of a fluid flow or coolant flow.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform können auch mehrere Wärmetauscher, beispielsweise zwei, drei oder mehr, vorgesehen sein, welche beispielsweise in Reihe geschaltet sind, ggf. vor und/oder nach der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms. Grundsätzlich ist die Positionierung der Wärmetauscher bzw. auch der Zumischeinrichtung, bzw. ggf. mehrerer Zumischeinrichtungen bzw. zumindest mehrerer Zumischeinheiten, welche ermöglichen, an unterschiedlichen Stellen bzw. Positionen dem Fluidstrom Wasser beizumengen, frei. Alternativ bevorzugt ist der Wärmetauscher dementsprechend, bezogen auf eine Strömungsrichtung des Fluidstroms, nach der Einrichtung zum Erzeugen bzw. Transportieren des Fluidstroms angeordnet.According to one embodiment, several heat exchangers, for example two, three or more, can also be provided, which are connected in series, for example, possibly before and/or after the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow. Basically, the positioning of the heat exchanger or the admixing device, or possibly several admixing devices or at least several admixing units, which make it possible to add water to the fluid flow at different points or positions. Alternatively, the heat exchanger is preferably arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on a flow direction of the fluid flow.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist ein entsprechendes Sensor- bzw. Erfassungssystem vorgesehen, um die physikalischen Eigenschaften wie Druck, Temperatur, Feuchtigkeit etc. des Fluidstroms zu erfassen zu können und um z. B. genau bestimmen zu können, wie weit ein Temperaturniveau gesenkt werden soll, um eine bestimmte Wassermenge einzuspritzen zu können etc.A corresponding sensor or detection system is expediently provided in order to be able to record the physical properties such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. of the fluid flow and, for example. B. to be able to determine exactly how far a temperature level should be reduced in order to be able to inject a certain amount of water, etc.
Zweckmäßigerweise umfasst die Vorrichtung eine Steuereinrichtung, welche ausgelegt ist, zumindest den Feuchtegehalt des Fluidstroms zu erfassen, wobei mit Vorteil diese Daten genutzt werden, um die zumindest zwei Stufen der Konditioniereinrichtung anzupassen, zu steuern und/oder zu regeln. Mit Vorteil ist durch die Vorrichtung eine Steigerung der erzielbaren Abschreckgradienten ermöglicht. Insbesondere ist es möglich, sehr definierte und regelbare Abschreckgradienten, insbesondere bei gleichem Volumenstrom, zu erzielen. Der gleiche Volumenstrom ist insbesondere deshalb wichtig, da damit sichergestellt ist, dass die Bauteile bzw. Materialien oder Werkstücke immer gleich angeströmt/umströmt werden. So ist es nicht einfach möglich, durch Steigerung des Volumenstroms, die Abkühlleistung zu erhöhen, da sich die Strömung und damit die Wärmeübertragung um das Bauteil etc. ändern. Um nun beispielsweise Schwankungen des Fluidstroms auszugleichen, beispielsweise durch den Unterschied "Außen- oder Innenansaugung" bzw. durch Temperaturschwankungen im Jahreszyklus (Winter/Sommer), kann mit Vorteil durch die Zumischeinrichtung ein Mittel bereitgestellt werden, um dauerhaft, mehr oder weniger unabhängig von äußeren Einflüssen, konstante Kühlleistungen bzw. Abkühlgradienten bereitzustellen. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass damit die mechanischen Bauteileigenschaften verbessert werden können: Mechanische Festigkeitskennwerte wie z. B. Dehngrenze und Zugfestigkeit können gesteigert werden, bei vergleichbaren statischen sowie dynamischen Verformungseigenschaften.The device expediently comprises a control device which is designed to detect at least the moisture content of the fluid flow, with this data being advantageously used to adapt, control and/or regulate the at least two stages of the conditioning device. The device advantageously makes it possible to increase the quenching gradients that can be achieved. In particular, it is possible to achieve very defined and controllable quenching gradients, especially with the same volume flow. The same volume flow is particularly important because it ensures that the components or materials or workpieces always have the same flow against/around them. It is not simply possible to increase the cooling capacity by increasing the volume flow, as the flow and thus the heat transfer around the component etc. change. In order to compensate for fluctuations in the fluid flow, for example due to the difference in "external or internal suction" or due to temperature fluctuations in the annual cycle (winter/summer), the admixing device can advantageously be used to provide a means for permanent, more or less independent of external Influences to provide constant cooling performance or cooling gradients. It has been shown that the mechanical component properties can be improved: Mechanical strength parameters such as: B. Yield limit and tensile strength can be increased, with comparable static and dynamic deformation properties.
Die Vorrichtung bringt damit den Vorteil mit sich, dass beispielsweise über den Wärmetauscher eine Grundkonditionierung erfolgt, während über die Zumischeinrichtung eine Feinjustierung durchgeführt wird, wobei hierbei Änderungen hinsichtlich des Fluidstroms, welcher beispielsweise aus einer Au-ßenumgebung angesaugt wird, kompensiert werden können. Zusätzlich bietet das System aber auch den Vorteil, dass in idealer Weise die Wärmekapazität des Fluidstroms erhöht werden kann, wodurch deutlich höhere Abkühlgradienten möglich sind als bisher bekannt.The device therefore has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for. In addition, the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.
Die Erfindung richtet sich weiter auf eine Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Materialien, Bauteilen oder Werkstücken aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen.The invention further relates to the use of a device according to the invention for quenching materials, components or workpieces made of metal, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
Weiter richtet sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere zum Abschrecken von Metallen, umfassend die Schritte:
- Bereitstellen eines, insbesondere gasförmigen, Fluidstroms;
- Verringern der Temperatur des Fluidstroms in zumindest Stufen bzw. (Verfahrens-) Schritten.
- Providing a, in particular gaseous, fluid stream;
- Reducing the temperature of the fluid stream in at least stages or (process) steps.
Dabei basiert erfindungsgemäß eine erste Stufe auf einer Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Fluidstrom und einem Kühlmittel, beispielsweise unter Verwendung eines Wärmetauschers, und die zweite Stufe auf einer Änderung des Aggregatszustands eines Mediums, welche dem Fluidstrom direkt Wärme entzieht. Durch Einbringen eines Mediums, wie Wasser, in den Fluidstrom, kann die Wärmekapazität des Fluidstroms erfindungsgemäß erhöht werden.According to the invention, a first stage is based on a heat transfer between the fluid flow and a coolant, for example using a heat exchanger, and the second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a medium, which directly removes heat from the fluid flow. By introducing a medium, such as water, into the fluid stream, the heat capacity of the fluid stream can be increased according to the invention.
Das Verfahren umfasst erfindungsgemäß weiter die Schritte:
- Aufbringen, Lenken des Fluidstroms auf ein zu kühlendes, insbesondere abzuschreckendes Bauteil/Werkstück/Material etc.
- Applying, directing the fluid flow onto a component/workpiece/material etc. to be cooled, in particular to be quenched.
Im Übrigen gelten für die Verwendung wie auch für das Verfahren die im Zusammenhang mit der Vorrichtung erwähnten Vorteile und Merkmale analog und entsprechend sowie umgekehrt.Furthermore, the advantages and features mentioned in connection with the device apply analogously and accordingly and vice versa to the use as well as to the method.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden, skizzenhaften Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung mit Bezug auf die beigefügte Figur.Further advantages and features result from the following sketchy representation of a device for heat treatment with reference to the attached figure.
Es zeigt:
- Figur 1:
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung.
- Figure 1:
- a schematic view of a heat treatment device.
Die Vorrichtung bringt den Vorteil mit sich, dass beispielsweise über den Wärmetauscher eine Grundkonditionierung erfolgt, während über die Zumischeinrichtung eine Feinjustierung durchgeführt wird, wobei hierbei Änderungen hinsichtlich des Fluidstroms, welcher beispielsweise aus einer Au-ßenumgebung angesaugt wird, kompensiert werden können. Zusätzlich bietet das System aber auch den Vorteil, dass in idealer Weise die Wärmekapazität des Fluidstroms erhöht werden kann, wodurch deutlich höhere Abkühlgradienten möglich sind als bisher bekannt.The device has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for. In addition, the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.
- 2020
- Einrichtung zum Erzeugen/Transportieren eines FluidstromsDevice for generating/transporting a fluid stream
- 4040
- WärmetauscherHeat exchanger
- 6060
- Zumischeinrichtungproportioning device
- 8080
- Werkstück-/Stoff, BauteilWorkpiece/material, component
- FF
- FluidstromFluid flow
- SS
- StrömungsrichtungDirection of flow
- MM
- (flüssiges) Medium(liquid) medium
Claims (8)
- Apparatus for heat treatment, in particular for quenching metals with a gaseous fluid flow (F),comprising a device (20) for producing and transporting a fluid flow (F), and comprising a conditioning device, wherein the conditioning device is of at least two-stage design, as a result of which the temperature of the fluid flow (F) can be changed in at least two stages,wherein a first stage is formed by a heat exchanger (40), and wherein a second stage is formed by an admixing device (60) which is designed to admix/feed a liquid medium (M) to the fluid flow (F).
- Apparatus according to Claim 1,wherein the medium (M) is water, andwherein the fluid flow (F) is an air flow.
- Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2,
wherein the heat exchanger (40) is arranged, with respect to a flow direction (S), upstream of the device (20) for producing and transporting the fluid flow (F). - Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the admixing device (60) is arranged, with respect to a flow direction (S), downstream of the device (20) for producing and transporting the fluid flow (F).
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two heat exchangers (40) are provided.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a control device which is designed to detect the moisture content of the fluid flow (F).
- Use of an apparatus according to one of the preceding claims for quenching materials or workpieces made from metal, in particular aluminium or aluminium alloys.
- Method for heat treatment, in particular for quenching metals,comprising the steps of:- providing a gaseous fluid flow (F);- changing the temperature of the fluid flow (F) in at least two stages, wherein a first stage is based on heat transmission between the fluid flow (F) and a coolant using a heat exchanger (40), andwherein a second stage is based on changing the state of aggregation of a liquid medium (M) which is introduced into the fluid flow (F) and extracts heat from the fluid flow (F);- applying, directing the fluid flow (F) onto a component/workpiece/material to be cooled.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016214147.3A DE102016214147A1 (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2016-08-01 | Apparatus for heat treatment |
PCT/EP2017/065639 WO2018024408A1 (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2017-06-26 | Heat treatment device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3491154A1 EP3491154A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
EP3491154B1 true EP3491154B1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
Family
ID=59298439
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17737222.4A Active EP3491154B1 (en) | 2016-08-01 | 2017-06-26 | Heat treatment device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3491154B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016214147A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018024408A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4422588C2 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1999-09-23 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Process for quenching workpieces with gases and heat treatment system to carry out the process |
RU2456352C1 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-07-20 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" | Procedure and device for thermal treatment of rails |
DE102011080528B3 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-07 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Method and tool for heat treatment of aluminum sheet material and heat treated aluminum sheet material according to such a method |
DE102011116903A1 (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-04-25 | IWT Bremen Stiftung Institut für Werkstofftechnik | Controlled heat treatment of metal components with advanced cooling, comprises introducing a metallic sample into a quenching apparatus, quenching the gas stream, and heat treating at holding temperature generated by a flow of a hot gas |
DE102013010936A1 (en) * | 2013-06-29 | 2014-04-17 | Daimler Ag | Method for temperature-control of component on light metal base, involves changing temperature at respective temperature-control steps, such that metal sheet is maintained at preset temperature by using contact plate |
DE102014108471A1 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-17 | Brp-Engineering Gmbh | Method and device for quenching workpieces |
DE102015202464B4 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2018-10-25 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for heat treatment of metallic components |
-
2016
- 2016-08-01 DE DE102016214147.3A patent/DE102016214147A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-06-26 EP EP17737222.4A patent/EP3491154B1/en active Active
- 2017-06-26 WO PCT/EP2017/065639 patent/WO2018024408A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016214147A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
EP3491154A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
WO2018024408A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2268441B1 (en) | Device and method for thermally treating workpieces in particular by convective heat transfer | |
EP2759614B1 (en) | Method for generating a flat steel product with an amorphous, semi-amorphous or fine crystalline structure and flat steel product with such structures | |
DE102007003745A1 (en) | Apparatus for producing press-hardened sheet-metal components | |
WO2010020212A1 (en) | Method for mould annealing with intermediate cooling | |
DE102012112334A1 (en) | Warmumformvorrichtung | |
EP2501498B1 (en) | Cooling and cleaning of strip processing lines | |
EP2700725B1 (en) | Fixture for hardening a ring shaped workpiece | |
EP3491154B1 (en) | Heat treatment device | |
WO2018149814A1 (en) | Cooling module of a continuous sintering furnace | |
DE102015211901B4 (en) | Inductor for an induction hardening plant | |
DE102014000381B4 (en) | Method and mixing device for producing a multiphase coolant and lubricant for cooling and lubrication of a processing device | |
WO2023094082A1 (en) | Heat treatment system with a furnace and a cooling section, and heat treatment method | |
AT515183A1 (en) | In-line process and in-line production line | |
EP1943364A1 (en) | Method and installation for the dry transformation of a material structure of semifinished products | |
DE102007042506B4 (en) | Process for quenching aluminum components | |
EP0474625B1 (en) | Method of dressing in particular endless bands | |
WO2015124585A1 (en) | System, production plant, and method | |
DE102018220678A1 (en) | Process for PVD coating workpieces | |
DE3935929C2 (en) | Device for the rapid cooling of cylindrical semi-finished products | |
DE102012007292A1 (en) | Method and treatment section for partially refining a metal product | |
DE102016223459A1 (en) | Tool assembly with cutting body, method for cooling the cutting body and use of the cutting body | |
DE102011109534A1 (en) | Method and device for cooling continuously passing material | |
EP3933067A1 (en) | Coating, a component with a coating and method for producing a coating | |
DE102014108471A1 (en) | Method and device for quenching workpieces | |
EP3132882A1 (en) | Device and method for laser hardening a workpiece |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20190206 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20200922 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230502 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20231024 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502017015814 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |