EP3491154B1 - Dispositif de traitement thermique - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3491154B1
EP3491154B1 EP17737222.4A EP17737222A EP3491154B1 EP 3491154 B1 EP3491154 B1 EP 3491154B1 EP 17737222 A EP17737222 A EP 17737222A EP 3491154 B1 EP3491154 B1 EP 3491154B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid flow
heat
stage
flow
heat exchanger
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17737222.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3491154A1 (fr
Inventor
Manuel Anasenzl
Lucas Schulte-Vorwick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP3491154A1 publication Critical patent/EP3491154A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for heat treatment, a use of a device and a method for heat treatment.
  • quenching i.e. the more or less rapid cooling of a previously heated material or component in order to create a certain material property.
  • quenching is done with water, oil or by blowing with air.
  • a method for quenching workpieces in which a fluid cooling medium in the form of individual drops is introduced into a gaseous cooling medium.
  • the workpiece is supplied with the combined cooling medium in such a way that the drops of the fluid cooling medium are transported to the workpiece by means of the gaseous cooling medium in order to come into contact with the workpiece.
  • the EP 0 690 138 A1 relates to a method for quenching workpieces using gases in a heat treatment system and recooling the gases conveyed in the circuit on cooling surfaces in at least one heat exchanger.
  • the EP 2 573 194 A1 relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular a process for the heat treatment of rails, including railway tracks. After a rail head has cooled, the rail is cooled by rolling heat, first with compressed air and then with a water-air mixture.
  • the EP 2 554 288 A1 relates to a method for heat treating aluminum sheet material, a tool for carrying out such a method and an aluminum sheet material heat-treated according to such a method.
  • a device for heat treatment in particular for quenching metals or materials with a fluid stream, comprises a device for generating or transporting a fluid stream and a conditioning device, wherein the conditioning device is designed in at least two stages and is designed such that the temperature of the fluid stream in at least can be lowered in two steps.
  • the temperature of the fluid stream can therefore expediently be adjusted/changed, in particular reduced, one after the other, in particular in at least two steps.
  • the metal or workpiece is in particular a metal or workpiece made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the workpiece or the material/metal being, for example Following a heat treatment, it is quenched at around 500 °C and then aged at around 200 °C.
  • the device can also be used with other materials or materials, for example steel.
  • the fluid flow refers in particular to a coolant flow that is gaseous.
  • the conditioning device does not change the physical state of the fluid stream. It is therefore expediently ensured that a gaseous fluid flow is present when the fluid flow impinges on the materials/workpieces to be cooled. This can advantageously prevent water retention or accumulation of water in any undercuts in the workpieces, for example.
  • the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow can be a fan, for example a fan or a blower. It is also possible to use compressors, such as piston compressors, flow compressors and/or turbo compressors. The device can also be designed in such a way that it includes one or more of the aforementioned devices for generating or transporting the fluid flow.
  • the conditioning device is expediently designed to increase a heat capacity of the fluid flow.
  • it is not just about the temperature or the temperature level of the fluid stream, but also about its heat capacity, which can advantageously be increased by the conditioning device or by the process control.
  • a first stage is expediently based on a heat transfer between the fluid stream and a coolant, while a second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a coolant, which removes heat from the fluid stream.
  • the first stage is formed by a heat exchanger and the second stage by an admixing device, the admixing device being designed to mix, add, in particular blow or inject a liquid medium into the fluid flow.
  • the first temperature reduction is carried out by a heat exchanger and a second temperature reduction takes place by fluid injection.
  • the admixing device includes, for example, a suitable injection system, comprising one or more injection or injection nozzles or generally an admixing unit. Droplets are expediently injected in a range of approximately 5 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably in a range of approximately 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
  • the admixing unit expediently comprises one or more valves for controlling or regulating the admixture of the medium.
  • the way in which the medium is introduced is not critical in this case. It is crucial that it is introduced in the liquid state, as the enthalpy of vaporization should be used to cool the fluid flow. In other words, heat is removed from the fluid flow, which is required for the evaporation of the introduced liquid medium, for example in the form of drops.
  • the medium is water and the fluid stream is air or an air stream.
  • Typical flow velocities of the fluid stream are in a range of approximately 5 to 60 m/s.
  • the heat exchanger can be a co-current or a counter-current heat exchanger.
  • a coolant expediently flows through the heat exchanger, which can be liquid and/or gaseous.
  • the fluid stream can also consist of nitrogen or argon or comprise at least one of the aforementioned components.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, relative to a flow direction of the fluid flow. This expediently results in “pre-cooling”, so to speak.
  • the admixing device is arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on the flow direction of the fluid stream.
  • the at least one heat exchanger is expediently arranged in front of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, for example the fan, and the admixing device afterwards.
  • the big advantage is that pre-cooling can be achieved through the arrangement of the heat exchanger.
  • the device for generating or transporting the fluid stream generally requires an increase in the temperature of the "pre-cooled" fluid stream. This at first glance "harmful" temperature increase can now be ideally converted into an advantage in connection with the admixing device, since this temperature increase results in more liquid medium, in particular water, being able to be added to the fluid flow.
  • the temperature of the fluid stream can now be reduced again in one step, namely by injecting water, while at the same time increasing its heat capacity by adding water. This means that significantly higher cooling gradients can be achieved than by simply reducing the temperature level of a fluid flow or coolant flow.
  • heat exchangers for example two, three or more, can also be provided, which are connected in series, for example, possibly before and/or after the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow.
  • the heat exchanger is preferably arranged downstream of the device for generating or transporting the fluid flow, based on a flow direction of the fluid flow.
  • a corresponding sensor or detection system is expediently provided in order to be able to record the physical properties such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc. of the fluid flow and, for example. B. to be able to determine exactly how far a temperature level should be reduced in order to be able to inject a certain amount of water, etc.
  • the device expediently comprises a control device which is designed to detect at least the moisture content of the fluid flow, with this data being advantageously used to adapt, control and/or regulate the at least two stages of the conditioning device.
  • the device advantageously makes it possible to increase the quenching gradients that can be achieved.
  • it is possible to achieve very defined and controllable quenching gradients, especially with the same volume flow.
  • the same volume flow is particularly important because it ensures that the components or materials or workpieces always have the same flow against/around them. It is not simply possible to increase the cooling capacity by increasing the volume flow, as the flow and thus the heat transfer around the component etc. change.
  • the admixing device can advantageously be used to provide a means for permanent, more or less independent of external Influences to provide constant cooling performance or cooling gradients. It has been shown that the mechanical component properties can be improved: Mechanical strength parameters such as: B. Yield limit and tensile strength can be increased, with comparable static and dynamic deformation properties.
  • the device therefore has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for.
  • the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a device according to the invention for quenching materials, components or workpieces made of metal, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • a first stage is based on a heat transfer between the fluid flow and a coolant, for example using a heat exchanger
  • the second stage is based on a change in the physical state of a medium, which directly removes heat from the fluid flow.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a device for heat treatment, comprising a device 20 for generating or transporting a fluid flow F.
  • a flow direction is outlined with the reference symbol S.
  • Seen in the flow direction S in front of the device 20, a heat exchanger 40 is arranged.
  • the fluid flow F conditioned in this way can then be applied to a workpiece or to a material or a component 80 in order to cool it, in particular to quench it.
  • What can be clearly seen in the embodiment shown here is a two-stage conditioning device, which includes the heat exchanger 40 in a first stage and the admixing device 60 in a second stage.
  • the device has the advantage that, for example, basic conditioning takes place via the heat exchanger, while a fine adjustment is carried out via the admixing device, in which case changes in the fluid flow, which is sucked in from an external environment, for example, can be compensated for.
  • the system also offers the advantage that the heat capacity of the fluid flow can be increased in an ideal manner, which means that significantly higher cooling gradients are possible than previously known.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de traitement thermique, notamment pour la trempe de métaux avec un courant de fluide gazeux (F), comprenant un appareil (20) pour produire ou transporter un courant de fluide (F), ainsi que comprenant un appareil de conditionnement, l'appareil de conditionnement étant réalisé au moins à deux étapes, moyennant quoi la température du courant de fluide (F) peut être modifiée en au moins deux étapes,
    dans lequel une première étape est formée par un échangeur de chaleur (40), et dans lequel une deuxième étape est formée par un appareil de mélange (60) qui est conçu pour mélanger/ajouter un milieu liquide (M) au courant de fluide (F).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel le milieu (M) est l'eau, et
    dans lequel le courant de fluide (F) est un courant d'air.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur (40) est agencé, par rapport à une direction d'écoulement (S), avant l'appareil (20) de production ou de transport du courant de fluide (F).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel l'appareil de mélange (60) est agencé, par rapport à une direction d'écoulement (S), après l'appareil (20) de production ou de transport du courant de fluide (F).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins deux échangeurs de chaleur (40) sont prévus.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un appareil de commande, qui est conçu pour détecter la teneur en humidité du courant de fluide (F).
  7. Utilisation d'un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes pour la trempe de matériaux ou de pièces en métal, notamment en aluminium ou en alliages d'aluminium.
  8. Procédé de traitement thermique, notamment de trempe des métaux,
    comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - la fourniture d'un courant de fluide gazeux (F) ;
    - la modification de la température du courant de fluide (F) en au moins deux étapes, une première étape étant basée sur un transfert de chaleur entre le courant de fluide (F) et un réfrigérant en utilisant un échangeur de chaleur (40), et
    une deuxième étape étant basée sur une modification de l'état d'agrégation d'un milieu liquide (M) qui est introduit dans le courant de fluide (F) et qui extrait de la chaleur du courant de fluide (F) ;
    - l'application, la direction du courant de fluide (F) sur un composant/une pièce/un matériau à refroidir.
EP17737222.4A 2016-08-01 2017-06-26 Dispositif de traitement thermique Active EP3491154B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016214147.3A DE102016214147A1 (de) 2016-08-01 2016-08-01 Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung
PCT/EP2017/065639 WO2018024408A1 (fr) 2016-08-01 2017-06-26 Dispositif de traitement thermique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3491154A1 EP3491154A1 (fr) 2019-06-05
EP3491154B1 true EP3491154B1 (fr) 2024-02-07

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ID=59298439

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17737222.4A Active EP3491154B1 (fr) 2016-08-01 2017-06-26 Dispositif de traitement thermique

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EP (1) EP3491154B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016214147A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018024408A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4422588C2 (de) * 1994-06-28 1999-09-23 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Verfahren zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken durch Gase und Wärmebehandlungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
RU2456352C1 (ru) * 2010-11-11 2012-07-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" Способ и устройство термической обработки рельсов
DE102011080528B3 (de) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-07 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Wärmebehandlung von Aluminiumblechwerkstoff sowie nach einem derartigen Verfahren wärmebehandelter Aluminiumblechwerkstoff
DE102011116903A1 (de) * 2011-10-25 2013-04-25 IWT Bremen Stiftung Institut für Werkstofftechnik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontrollierten Abschreckung durch Heißgas-Sprühkühlung in der Wärrnebehandlung
DE102013010936A1 (de) * 2013-06-29 2014-04-17 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Temperieren eines Bauteils und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102014108471A1 (de) 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Brp-Engineering Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken
DE102015202464B4 (de) * 2015-02-11 2018-10-25 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Bauteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102016214147A1 (de) 2018-02-01
EP3491154A1 (fr) 2019-06-05
WO2018024408A1 (fr) 2018-02-08

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