EP3486375A1 - Anchoring system for a guardrail post - Google Patents

Anchoring system for a guardrail post Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3486375A1
EP3486375A1 EP18207173.8A EP18207173A EP3486375A1 EP 3486375 A1 EP3486375 A1 EP 3486375A1 EP 18207173 A EP18207173 A EP 18207173A EP 3486375 A1 EP3486375 A1 EP 3486375A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchoring
post
rigid support
anchor plate
base
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Granted
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EP18207173.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3486375B1 (en
Inventor
David De Saedeleer
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Desami Sprl
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Desami Sprl
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0461—Supports, e.g. posts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0476—Foundations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of safety rails arranged along road traffic routes to reduce the severity of accidents.
  • the present invention relates to an anchoring system for a guardrail post.
  • a guardrail is a barrier placed along a road lane to, in case of accident, cushion the shock and do not return the vehicle in the opposite direction so that it does not bounce to the left lane on the roads.
  • a guardrail as understood throughout this text is a retaining device consisting of vertical elements anchored in the ground, the "posts", and horizontal elements, the "rails" Fixed to these posts. These vertical and horizontal elements generally consist mainly of metal, but any other material having adequate mechanical properties can be envisaged.
  • Most of the energy dissipated by a guardrail is generally absorbed by the deformation of the rails, while a more limited amount of energy can also be absorbed by deformation of the posts and their anchoring system. ground.
  • the document WO 2015/042656 discloses an anchoring system to a rigid support for a guardrail post in which the force exerted by the post on the anchoring means in case of impact is reduced by the presence of a plate anchor comprising a hinge zone capable of plastically deforming.
  • the anchoring plate comprises in fact in its front part (i) an anchoring zone comprising fastening means for coupling said plate to the rigid support and (ii) a zone secured to the base of the column, these two zones being separated by slots extending from the front of the plate towards the rear thereof to the hinge zone.
  • the zone secured to the base of the post indeed follows the rotation of the post caused by the moment of force associated with the impact force, while the anchoring zone of the plate remains coupled to the rigid support.
  • the deformation thus generated in the hinge zone of the plate makes it possible to dissipate kinetic energy and thus to dampen the impact between the vehicle and the guardrail, but also to reduce the force borne by the coupling anchoring means.
  • the anchor plate to the rigid support.
  • the anchoring means typically comprising anchor bolts placed in through holes drilled in the anchor plate, are effects biased in tension during the application of a force on the post oriented from front to side. 'back.
  • the anchoring system advantageously comprises a stop device, such as a notch at the rear of the post, for limiting the rotation amplitude of the post and therefore of the plastic deformation of the hinge zone. This has the effect of increasing the strength of the guardrail post once the plastic deformation of the hinge area has reached a maximum allowable amplitude.
  • anchoring systems comprise an anchor plate secured to the base of the post which is anchored in the ground by means of anchor bolts inserted into through holes drilled in said plate.
  • Each anchor bolt is in direct contact with the ground and is closed with a tight nut above the anchor plate.
  • a washer including a hole that can be deformed is placed between the anchor bolt lock nut and the anchor plate.
  • the hole of the washer deforms and tears under the constraint transmitted to it by the nut of closing.
  • the anchor plate and thus the post uncouple from the ground because the closure nut has a size smaller than that of the through holes in the anchor plate.
  • the anchor bolts comprising the deformable washers disclosed in the document US2010 / 0293870 are only "fusible" in traction. Therefore, in case of sufficient force exerted on the post, only the front part of the anchor plate is cut off the rigid support. The bolts at the rear of the anchor plate, are in turn subject to compression in case of impact of a vehicle against the guardrail. Since there are no compression fuse bolts in the disclosed anchoring system, the post therefore generally remains partially coupled to the rigid support even after a significant impact between a vehicle and the guardrail. As explained in the document, the absence of total decoupling makes it possible to increase the retention capacity of the guardrail because the partially decoupled post continues to hinder the passage of the vehicle.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system in a rigid support for a guardrail post to limit to a threshold value the value of the forces transmitted to the rigid support in order to preserve it, while maximizing the amount of energy dissipated during an impact.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system in a rigid support for a guardrail post which can be implemented in existing civil engineering structures, such as bridges or dykes , without the need for adaptation civil engineering work.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an anchoring system for a guardrail that minimizes the risk of overturning a vehicle colliding with the guardrail.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an anchoring system comprising rigid support anchoring means which can be reused following an impact having caused damage to the post.
  • the means for anchoring the at least one anchoring plate to the rigid support are configured to remain in their elastic limit when a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S 2 is applied to the anchoring system.
  • the fragile zones of the mechanical coupling between the column base and the at least one anchor plate comprise a partial weld between the column base and the at least one anchor plate.
  • the fragile zones of the mechanical coupling between the column base and the at least one anchor plate comprise an area with a thickness less than that of the column base and the anchor plate.
  • the system comprises two lateral anchor plates disposed around the column base, said fragile zones being positioned at the interfaces between each lateral anchoring plate and the column base.
  • the system according to the invention comprises a central anchoring plate coupled to a column base comprising two lateral parts arranged around said central anchor plate, said fragile zones being positioned at the interfaces between the plate central anchor and each of the two side portions of the post base.
  • said slot comprises an edge tangent to the through hole, said edge being in a medial position relative to the through hole and to a fragile zone of the mechanical coupling.
  • the means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support comprise anchor bolts, said anchor bolts comprising screws and nuts.
  • the bolts comprise washers inserted between the nuts and the at least one anchor plate.
  • the invention relates to a kit for assembling an anchoring system to a rigid support as described above comprising a post base, at least one anchor plate mechanically coupled to said post base and means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support.
  • the invention relates to a post anchored in a rigid support with the aid of an anchoring system as described above.
  • the invention relates to a guardrail anchored in a rigid support comprising a plurality of posts as described above and a plurality of horizontal elements connecting said posts together.
  • the post 1 thus comprises a post base 3 coupled to at least one anchor plate 4 by means of a mechanical coupling, said at least one anchor plate 4 being itself coupled to the rigid support 2 by means of anchoring means.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 an embodiment of a post 1 compatible with the anchoring system according to the invention is shown.
  • two lateral anchor plates 4a, 4b are mechanically coupled to the column base 3 which is in the medial position with respect to the two anchor plates 4a, 4b.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b are coupled to the base of the post 3 by welds.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 may be integral parts of the same part.
  • the anchoring means to the rigid support 2 of the anchor plate 4 may take different embodiments.
  • the anchoring means of the side plates 4a, 4b comprise bolts inserted into through holes 6 drilled in said side plates 4a, 4b. These bolts comprise screws 8 partially embedded in the rigid support 2 to which they are fixed by mechanical and / or chemical means. Nuts 9 are used to close the bolts above the side plates 4a, 4b. Washers 10 may also be inserted between the nuts 9 and the side plates 4a, 4b.
  • the pole 1 is also subjected to a force F comprising a component oriented along a direction vector -x2, that is to say oriented from the front face, to the rear face 1b of the pole.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b are designed in such a way that the forces due to the force F and transmitted by the column base 3 generate a torsional deformation of the part of the lateral plates 4a, 4b fixed to the base of the pole 3.
  • This deformation is the consequence of a greater structural rigidity of the column base 3 relative to that of the side plates 4a, 4b.
  • This difference in structural rigidity can origin have the use of materials of different qualities for the side plates 4a, 4b and the base of column 3.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b comprise a slot 7, which extends from the front edge to the rear of each side plate 4a, 4b to a certain depth without reaching the rear edge.
  • This slot 7 structurally weakens the side plates 4a, 4b which are then more easily deformable in torsion when a moment M is applied to the anchoring system.
  • the deformation of the plates 4a, 4b is represented in FIG. Figure 3 .
  • Such a deformation is observable when the moment M generated by the force F has a sufficiently high value.
  • the mechanical coupling between the plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 enters plastic deformation.
  • This plastic deformation in torsion is responsible for a significant energy dissipation in the anchoring system and thus allows to evacuate part of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, and thus reduce its speed at the time of the impact.
  • the threshold value S2 of the moment before rupture which is therefore directly related to the maximum forces transmitted by the anchoring means to the rigid support 2 before rupture, can be modulated according to the mechanical strength properties of the brittle zones 5a, b.
  • the fragile zones 5a, 5b are moreover configured so that their rupture causes a total decoupling between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b.
  • these fragile zones 5a, 5b are advantageously located over the entire interface between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b so that the end of the rupture process, the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 have become separate entities.
  • the fragile zones 5a, 5b can be realized in different ways.
  • the Figures 1-4 the fragile zones 5a, 5b correspond to a weld between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3.
  • This weld can be a partial weld, that is to say a weld not extending over the entire thickness of the interface side plates - column base, in order to obtain a suitable threshold value S2 for the moment M.
  • the fragile zones 5a, 5b may correspond to areas of smaller thickness relative to the thickness of the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3.
  • this maximum angle of deflection ⁇ is mainly governed by the torsional structural stiffness of the lateral plates 4a, 4b, which depends on the material used, the thickness of the plates as well as the exact location and the depth of the slot 7.
  • the anchoring means of the plates 4a, 4b to the rigid support 2 can withstand the forces generated by the value S2 of the moment M
  • the anchoring means which typically comprise anchor bolts, as shown in FIGS. Figures 3-4 , must resist in order for the decoupling to occur at the level of the fragile zones 5.
  • the absence of rupture or tearing of the anchoring screws and nuts under the action of the moment of force M equal to S2 makes it possible to guarantee a decoupling total of the pole 1 by breaking the fragile areas 5a, 5b.
  • This sufficient resistance of the anchoring means also makes it possible to prevent unpredictable interactions between these and the rigid support 2, which could be deleterious to it.
  • the anchoring means which therefore typically comprise anchor bolts, must therefore have strength properties sufficient to withstand the forces they must transmit to the rigid support 2 up to a value S2 of the moment of force.
  • the anchoring means are designed and dimensioned to remain in their elastic limit up to the value S2 of the moment of force causing rupture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b. This means that the various elements constituting the anchoring means undergo only elastic deformations, without entering into plasticity therefore, for values of force transmitted during the rupture of the mechanical coupling. In this way, the integrity of the anchoring means is totally preserved at the end of the process of breaking the mechanical coupling between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the base of the post 3. Consequently, following a destructive accident for the post 1, these anchoring means can be reused to anchor a new post 1 replacing the previous one in the rigid support 2.
  • the Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of a post 1 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b are thus coupled to the pole base 3 which is in the central position.
  • Fragile zones 5a, 5b of the mechanical coupling are located at the interfaces between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b.
  • the fragile zones 5a, 5b are welds, possibly partial, between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3.
  • the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 are integral parts of the same room it can be an area with a reduced thickness.
  • the parts 31 and 32 represent the front and rear walls of the post 1 which are anchored on its base 3.
  • the Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of a pole 1 according to another embodiment.
  • the side plates 4a, 4b are replaced by a single central plate 4 coupled to a column base in two side portions 3a and 3b.
  • a fragile zone 5a, 5b is located at each interface between the two-part post base 3a, 3b and the central plate 4.
  • the central plate 4 advantageously comprises two through holes 6 to receive the anchoring means to the rigid support 2.
  • Embodiments with a single through-hole in the central plate 4 may also be envisaged.
  • the portions 31a, 32a and 31b, 32b represent the front and rear walls of the post 1 which are anchored to the side portions 3a and 3b of the post base. What has been said above about the embodiments comprising a central post base 3 and lateral anchor plates 4a, 4b is directly transferable this embodiment comprising a single central anchoring plate 4 and a base of post in two lateral parts 3a and 3b.
  • At least one slot 7 is advantageously machined in the anchor plates 4, 4a, 4b.
  • This slot is advantageously through an axis x3, through the thickness of the plate so, and it extends along an axis x2, the front edge of the plate to a certain depth towards the rear, without reaching the back edge.
  • This slot 7 reduces the structural rigidity of the plate in torsion.
  • the slot 7 is advantageously connected to the through hole 6 used to anchor the plate to the rigid support 2.
  • the presence of the slot 7 connected to the through hole provides an additional possibility of obtaining a decoupling between the post 1 and the rigid support 2.
  • the plates 4, 4a, 4b can indeed deform so as to widen the width of the slot 7 and allow the passage of the anchor screw 8 therethrough.
  • the decoupling between the post 1 and the rigid substrate 2 is then obtained by a translational movement along the x2 axis of the post base 3 still coupled to the anchor plates 4, 4a, 4b.
  • each slot 7 connected to a through hole 6 of an anchor plate 4, 4a, 4b advantageously comprises an edge 7a, 7b extending along an axis 11a, 11b parallel to x2 and tangent to the through hole 6.
  • the axis 11a, 11b is in the medial position relative to the fragile zone 5a, 5b of the mechanical coupling and the through hole 6.
  • medial position it is meant that the axis 11a, 11b, in addition to being tangent to the through hole 6, is located between the through hole 6 and the fragile zone 5a, 5b.
  • the edge 7a, 7b of the slot 7 extends along an axis 11 which is parallel to x2 and tangential to the hole 6 on the side of the fragile zone 5a, 5b.
  • the slot 7, generally narrower than the through hole 6, is connected to the through hole 6 while being shifted towards the fragile zone 5a, 5b with respect to the center of the through hole 6.
  • This configuration for the anchoring plates 4, 4a 4b has proved particularly advantageous.
  • the Figure 7 represents a guardrail comprising posts 1 anchored to a rigid support 2, which is here a sill concrete or metal, using an anchoring system as described above. Horizontal elements, the tubes 12 connect between them different posts 1.

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Abstract

Système d'ancrage pour un poteau (1) de glissière de sécurité dans un support rigide (2), ledit poteau comprenant une face avant (1a) et une face arrière (1b), ledit système comprenant : -une base de poteau (3) ; - une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) ; -des moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) de la platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) ; dans lequel ladite base de poteau (3) est couplée mécaniquement à ladite platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) par un couplage mécanique, ledit couplage mécanique étant un couplage rigide déformable en rotation sous l'action d'une force F appliquée sur le poteau (1) ayant une composante horizontale orientée de l'avant vers l'arrière du poteau, ledit couplage mécanique entrant en déformation plastique lorsque ladite composante horizontale génère un moment de force M supérieur à une première valeur seuil SI sur le système d'ancrage.Anchoring system for a post (1) of a guardrail in a rigid support (2), said post comprising a front face (1a) and a rear face (1b), said system comprising: a post base (3); - An anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2); anchoring means (8, 9, 10) of the anchoring plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2); wherein said post base (3) is mechanically coupled to said anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) by mechanical coupling, said mechanical coupling being a rigid coupling deformable in rotation under the action of an applied force F on the post (1) having a horizontal component oriented from the front to the back of the post, said mechanical coupling becoming plastic deformation when said horizontal component generates a moment of force M greater than a first threshold value SI on the system of anchor.

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique des glissières de sécurité disposées le long des voies de circulation routières pour amoindrir la gravité de accidents.The present invention relates to the technical field of safety rails arranged along road traffic routes to reduce the severity of accidents.

La présente invention concerne un système d'ancrage pour un poteau de glissière de sécurité.The present invention relates to an anchoring system for a guardrail post.

Description de l'art antérieurDescription of the prior art

Une glissière de sécurité est une barrière disposée le long d'une voie de circulation routière pour, en cas d'accident, amortir le choc et ne pas renvoyer le véhicule dans le sens inverse afin qu'il ne rebondisse pas vers la voie de gauche sur les routes. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, il est avantageux de concevoir les glissières de sécurité de telle manière qu'elles puissent se déformer lorsqu'elles sont percutées un véhicule en vue d'absorber l'énergie cinétique de ce dernier. Lors d'une collision avec un véhicule, l'énergie peut alors être absorbée à différents endroits de la glissière de sécurité. De manière générale, une glissière de sécurité telle qu'on l'entend tout au long de ce texte est un dispositif de retenue constitué d'éléments verticaux ancrés dans le sol, les «poteaux», et d'éléments horizontaux, les «rails», fixés à ces poteaux. Ces éléments verticaux et horizontaux sont en général constitués principalement de métal, mais tout autre matériau ayant des propriétés mécaniques adéquates peut être envisagé. Par convention, tout au long de ce texte, on désigne par « face avant » d'un poteau, la face du poteau, ou de l'un des éléments qui le composent, jouxtant la voie de circulation et se retrouvant en général en première ligne en cas d'impact avec un véhicule, tandis que la « face arrière » est la face opposée à la face avant. La majeure partie de l'énergie dissipée par une glissière de sécurité est en général absorbée par la déformation des rails, tandis qu'une quantité d'énergie plus limitée peut également être absorbée par une déformation des poteaux et de leur système d'ancrage au sol.A guardrail is a barrier placed along a road lane to, in case of accident, cushion the shock and do not return the vehicle in the opposite direction so that it does not bounce to the left lane on the roads. To achieve these objectives, it is advantageous to design the guardrails in such a way that they can deform when they are struck by a vehicle in order to absorb the kinetic energy of the latter. In a collision with a vehicle, the energy can then be absorbed at different points of the guardrail. In general, a guardrail as understood throughout this text is a retaining device consisting of vertical elements anchored in the ground, the "posts", and horizontal elements, the "rails" Fixed to these posts. These vertical and horizontal elements generally consist mainly of metal, but any other material having adequate mechanical properties can be envisaged. By convention, throughout this text, the term "front face" of a post, the face of the post, or one of the elements that compose it, adjacent to the lane and usually found in the first line in case of impact with a vehicle, while the "rear face" is the opposite side to the front. Most of the energy dissipated by a guardrail is generally absorbed by the deformation of the rails, while a more limited amount of energy can also be absorbed by deformation of the posts and their anchoring system. ground.

Le document WO 2015/042656 divulgue un système d'ancrage à un support rigide pour un poteau de glissière de sécurité dans lequel l'effort exercé par le poteau sur les moyens d'ancrage en cas d'impact est réduit de par la présence d'une platine d'ancrage comprenant une zone charnière apte à se déformer plastiquement. La platine d'ancrage comprend en effet dans sa partie avant (i) une zone d'ancrage comprenant des moyens d'attache pour coupler ladite platine au support rigide et (ii) une zone solidaire de la base du poteau, ces deux zones étant séparées par des fentes s'étendant de l'avant de la platine vers l'arrière de celle-ci jusqu'à la zone charnière. Lorsqu'une force ayant une composante non nulle suffisante orientée d'avant en arrière du poteau est appliquée sur le poteau, la zone charnière de la platine d'ancrage se déforme. Sous l'action de cette force, la zone solidaire de la base du poteau suit en effet la rotation du poteau causée par le moment de force associé à la force d'impact, tandis que la zone d'ancrage de la platine reste couplée au support rigide. La déformation ainsi générée dans la zone charnière de la platine permet de dissiper de l'énergie cinétique et donc d'amortir le choc entre le véhicule et la glissière de sécurité, mais également de diminuer l'effort supporté par les moyens d'ancrage couplant la platine d'ancrage au support rigide. Les moyens d'ancrage, comprenant typiquement des boulons d'ancrage placés dans des trous traversants percés dans la platine d'ancrage, sont effets sollicités en traction lors de l'application d'une force sur le poteau orientée de l'avant vers l'arrière. De par la déformation plastique de la zone charnière, le pic de traction subi par ces moyens d'ancrage est donc réduit, ce qui permet de les préserver et/ou de réduire leur nombre ou leur résistance individuelle en vue de résister à un niveau de force d'impact donné sur le poteau. Par ailleurs, ce document de l'art antérieur dévoile que le système d'ancrage comprend avantageusement un dispositif d'arrêt, tel qu'une encoche à l'arrière du poteau, permettant de limiter l'amplitude de rotation du poteau et donc de la déformation plastique de la zone charnière. Cela a pour effet d'augmenter la résistance du poteau de la glissière de sécurité une fois que la déformation plastique de la zone charnière a atteint une amplitude maximale permise. Malgré la dissipation d'énergie se produisant durant la déformation de la zone charnière, les efforts transmis aux moyens d'ancrage restent donc élevés et la valeur maximale de ceux-ci est fortement dépendante des spécificités du véhicule qui entre en collision avec la glissière de sécurité et surtout de l'énergie cinétique de ce dernier au moment de l'impact.The document WO 2015/042656 discloses an anchoring system to a rigid support for a guardrail post in which the force exerted by the post on the anchoring means in case of impact is reduced by the presence of a plate anchor comprising a hinge zone capable of plastically deforming. The anchoring plate comprises in fact in its front part (i) an anchoring zone comprising fastening means for coupling said plate to the rigid support and (ii) a zone secured to the base of the column, these two zones being separated by slots extending from the front of the plate towards the rear thereof to the hinge zone. When a force having a sufficient non-zero component oriented front to back of the post is applied to the post, the hinge area of the anchor plate is deformed. Under the action of this force, the zone secured to the base of the post indeed follows the rotation of the post caused by the moment of force associated with the impact force, while the anchoring zone of the plate remains coupled to the rigid support. The deformation thus generated in the hinge zone of the plate makes it possible to dissipate kinetic energy and thus to dampen the impact between the vehicle and the guardrail, but also to reduce the force borne by the coupling anchoring means. the anchor plate to the rigid support. The anchoring means, typically comprising anchor bolts placed in through holes drilled in the anchor plate, are effects biased in tension during the application of a force on the post oriented from front to side. 'back. Due to the plastic deformation of the hinge zone, the peak of traction experienced by these anchoring means is therefore reduced, which makes it possible to preserve them and / or to reduce their number or their individual resistance in order to withstand a level of impact force given on the pole. Furthermore, this document of the prior art discloses that the anchoring system advantageously comprises a stop device, such as a notch at the rear of the post, for limiting the rotation amplitude of the post and therefore of the plastic deformation of the hinge zone. This has the effect of increasing the strength of the guardrail post once the plastic deformation of the hinge area has reached a maximum allowable amplitude. Despite the dissipation of energy occurring during the deformation of the hinge zone, the forces transmitted to the anchoring means therefore remain high and the maximum value of these is highly dependent on the specificities of the vehicle which collides with the slider. safety and especially the kinetic energy of the latter at the moment of impact.

Cependant, lorsque la glissière de sécurité est placée sur un ouvrage d'art de génie civil tel qu'un pont ou une digue, il est en général très souhaitable de limiter à une valeur maximale les efforts transmis par les moyens d'ancrage au support rigide en vue de préserver ce dernier. Dans un tel cas de figure, le support rigide fait en effet en général partie d'une structure complexe de génie civil. Il est alors couteux et difficile à réparer en cas d'endommagement généré par des efforts excessifs au niveau des moyens d'ancrage. En vue de limiter les efforts transmis au support rigide via les moyens d'ancrage, des systèmes dits « à fusible » existent, dans lesquels le poteau se découple du support rigide au-delà d'une valeur seuil d'efforts transmis aux moyens d'ancrage. De tels systèmes pour maitriser la valeur maximale des efforts transmis au support rigide sont par exemple décrits dans le document US2010/0293870 . Ces systèmes d'ancrage comprennent une plaque d'ancrage solidaire de la base du poteau qui est ancrée dans le sol par l'intermédiaire de boulons d'ancrage insérés dans des trous traversants percés dans ladite plaque. Chaque boulon d'ancrage est en contact direct avec le sol et est fermé à l'aide d'un écrou serré au-dessus de la plaque d'ancrage. Une rondelle comprenant un trou qui peut être déformé est placée entre l'écrou de fermeture des boulons d'ancrage et la plaque d'ancrage. En cas d'un impact suffisant sur la glissière de sécurité et donc d'un moment de force suffisant transmis à la base du poteau, le trou de la rondelle se déforme et se déchire sous la contrainte qui lui est transmise par l'écrou de fermeture. A ce moment, la plaque d'ancrage et donc le poteau se découplent du sol car l'écrou de fermeture a une taille inférieure à celle des trous traversants dans la plaque d'ancrage. Ce découplage qui se produit donc au-delà d'une valeur seuil d'efforts transmis au système d'ancrage permet de préserver le support dans lequel est ancré le poteau via la plaque d'ancrage. A l'issue d'un tel processus de découplage, à la fois le poteau et les moyens d'ancrage sont au moins partiellement endommagés, ce qui empêche de les réutiliser ultérieurement. Par ailleurs, la valeur seuil d'effort qui peut être transmise au système d'ancrage et la quantité d'énergie dissipée dans le système d'ancrage avant découplage sont relativement réduites car elles sont directement liées aux capacités de résistance mécanique limitées des rondelles présentes entre la plaque d'ancrage et l'écrou de fermeture.However, when the guardrail is placed on a civil engineering structure such as a bridge or dike, it is generally very desirable to limit the forces transmitted by the anchoring means to the support to a maximum value. rigid in view to preserve the latter. In such a case, the rigid support is usually part of a complex structure of civil engineering. It is then expensive and difficult to repair in case of damage generated by excessive forces at the anchoring means. With a view to limiting the forces transmitted to the rigid support via the anchoring means, so-called "fuse" systems exist, in which the post dissociates itself from the rigid support beyond a threshold value of forces transmitted to the drive means. anchor. Such systems for controlling the maximum value of the forces transmitted to the rigid support are for example described in the document US2010 / 0293870 . These anchoring systems comprise an anchor plate secured to the base of the post which is anchored in the ground by means of anchor bolts inserted into through holes drilled in said plate. Each anchor bolt is in direct contact with the ground and is closed with a tight nut above the anchor plate. A washer including a hole that can be deformed is placed between the anchor bolt lock nut and the anchor plate. In case of sufficient impact on the guardrail and therefore a moment of sufficient force transmitted to the base of the post, the hole of the washer deforms and tears under the constraint transmitted to it by the nut of closing. At this time, the anchor plate and thus the post uncouple from the ground because the closure nut has a size smaller than that of the through holes in the anchor plate. This decoupling which therefore occurs beyond a threshold value of forces transmitted to the anchoring system makes it possible to preserve the support in which the post is anchored via the anchor plate. At the end of such a decoupling process, both the post and the anchoring means are at least partially damaged, which prevents reuse later. Moreover, the threshold value of effort that can be transmitted to the anchoring system and the amount of energy dissipated in the anchoring system before decoupling are relatively small because they are directly related to the limited strength capabilities of the washers present. between the anchor plate and the lock nut.

Par ailleurs, les boulons d'ancrage comprenant les rondelles déformables divulgués dans le document US2010/0293870 sont seulement «fusibles» en traction. Par conséquent, en cas de force suffisante exercée sur le poteau, seule la partie avant de la plaque d'ancrage se découple du support rigide. Les boulons à l'arrière de la plaque d'ancrage, sont quant à eux sollicités en compression en cas d'impact d'un véhicule contre la glissière de sécurité. Etant donné qu'il n'y a pas de boulons fusibles en compression dans le système d'ancrage divulgué, le poteau reste par conséquent en général partiellement couplé au support rigide même après un impact important entre un véhicule et la glissière de sécurité. Comme expliqué dans le document, l'absence de découplage total permet d'augmenter le pouvoir de rétention de la glissière de sécurité car le poteau partiellement découplé continue à faire obstacle au passage du véhicule. Cependant, cette absence de découplage total combinée à la flexion du poteau qui entre en déformation peut dans certains cas avoir des effets néfastes, en particulier si le véhicule possède encore une énergie cinétique suffisante après le découplage partiel du poteau et que son centre de gravité est plus élevé que la hauteur de la glissière de sécurité après découplage partiel du poteau. Une telle configuration peut en effet amener un renversement du véhicule par basculement au-dessus de la glissière de sécurité. Par ailleurs, au-delà du basculement du véhicule qu'elle peut générer, l'absence de découplage total d'un poteau peut également causer un franchissement du véhicule à travers la glissière de sécurité sans basculement. Avec ces systèmes de l'art antérieur, il a en effet pu être observé que parmi les poteaux sollicités lors d'une collision entre un véhicule et la glissière de sécurité, les poteaux qui subissent la plus importante déflection angulaire deviennent en effet plus des éléments facilitant le franchissement de la glissière de sécurité par le véhicule que des dispositifs de retenue, de par l'effort que leur poids exerce sur les éléments horizontaux de la glissière de sécurité et donc de par l'abaissement de celle-ci qu'ils génèrent.Moreover, the anchor bolts comprising the deformable washers disclosed in the document US2010 / 0293870 are only "fusible" in traction. Therefore, in case of sufficient force exerted on the post, only the front part of the anchor plate is cut off the rigid support. The bolts at the rear of the anchor plate, are in turn subject to compression in case of impact of a vehicle against the guardrail. Since there are no compression fuse bolts in the disclosed anchoring system, the post therefore generally remains partially coupled to the rigid support even after a significant impact between a vehicle and the guardrail. As explained in the document, the absence of total decoupling makes it possible to increase the retention capacity of the guardrail because the partially decoupled post continues to hinder the passage of the vehicle. However, this lack of complete decoupling combined with flexion of the deforming pole may in some cases have adverse effects, particularly if the vehicle still has sufficient kinetic energy after partial decoupling of the pole and its center of gravity is higher than the height of the guardrail after partial decoupling of the post. Such a configuration can indeed bring about a reversal of the vehicle by tilting over the guardrail. Furthermore, beyond the tilting of the vehicle that it can generate, the lack of total decoupling of a pole can also cause a crossing of the vehicle through the guardrail without tilting. With these systems of the prior art, it has indeed been observed that among the poles solicited during a collision between a vehicle and the guardrail, the posts which undergo the most important angular deflection become indeed more elements. facilitating the crossing of the guardrail by the vehicle as retaining devices, by the effort that their weight exerts on the horizontal elements of the guardrail and therefore by the lowering of the latter that they generate .

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

Un but de la présente invention est de fournir un système d'ancrage dans un support rigide pour un poteau de glissière de sécurité permettant de limiter à une valeur seuil la valeur des efforts transmis au support rigide en vue de le préserver, tout en maximisant la quantité d'énergie dissipée lors d'un impact.An object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system in a rigid support for a guardrail post to limit to a threshold value the value of the forces transmitted to the rigid support in order to preserve it, while maximizing the amount of energy dissipated during an impact.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de fournir un système d'ancrage dans un support rigide pour un poteau de glissière de sécurité qui peut être mis en oeuvre dans des ouvrages d'art de génie civil existants, tels que des ponts ou des digues, sans nécessiter de travaux de génie civil d'adaptation.Another object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring system in a rigid support for a guardrail post which can be implemented in existing civil engineering structures, such as bridges or dykes , without the need for adaptation civil engineering work.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un système d'ancrage pour une glissière de sécurité qui minimise les risques de renversement d'un véhicule entrant en collision avec la glissière de sécurité.Another object of the invention is to provide an anchoring system for a guardrail that minimizes the risk of overturning a vehicle colliding with the guardrail.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un système d'ancrage comprenant des moyens d'ancrage au support rigide qui peuvent être réutilisés suite à un impact ayant provoqué un endommagement du poteau.Another object of the invention is to provide an anchoring system comprising rigid support anchoring means which can be reused following an impact having caused damage to the post.

La présente invention est définie dans la revendication indépendante annexée. Les modes de réalisations préférés sont définis dans les revendications dépendentes.The present invention is defined in the appended independent claim. Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.

Selon un premier aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un système d'ancrage pour un poteau de glissière de sécurité dans un support rigide, ledit poteau comprenant une face avant et une face arrière, ledit système comprenant :

  • une base de poteau ;
  • au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide ;
  • des moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide ; dans lequel ladite base de poteau est couplée mécaniquement à ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage par un couplage mécanique, ledit couplage mécanique étant un couplage rigide déformable en rotation sous l'action d'une force F appliquée sur le poteau ayant une composante horizontale orientée de l'avant vers l'arrière du poteau, ledit couplage mécanique entrant en déformation plastique lorsque ladite composante horizontale génère un moment de force M supérieur à une première valeur seuil S1 sur le système d'ancrage,
    dans lequel,
    • ledit couplage mécanique est configuré pour entrer en rupture par torsion dans des zones fragiles du couplage mécanique lorsque ladite composante horizontale de la force appliquée génère un moment de force supérieur à une seconde valeur seuil S2 sur le système d'ancrage, lesdites zones fragiles étant configurées pour que la base du poteau soit totalement découplée de la au moins une platine d'ancrage après la rupture des zones fragiles, lesdits moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide étant configurés pour résister à un moment de force égal à ladite seconde valeur seuil S2 ;
    • la au moins une platine d'ancrage comprend une fente traversante s'étendant de l'avant vers l'arrière de ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage jusqu'à une certaine profondeur sans en atteindre le bord arrière ;
    • la au moins une platine d'ancrage comprend au moins un trou traversant pour recevoir les moyens d'ancrage au support rigide, ledit trou traversant étant connecté à ladite fente.
According to a first aspect, the invention relates to an anchoring system for a guardrail post in a rigid support, said post comprising a front face and a rear face, said system comprising:
  • a pole base;
  • at least one anchor plate to the rigid support;
  • means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support; wherein said post base is mechanically coupled to said at least one anchor plate by a mechanical coupling, said mechanical coupling being a rigid coupling deformable in rotation under the action of a force F applied to the post having a horizontal component oriented from the front to the rear of the post, said mechanical coupling entering plastic deformation when said horizontal component generates a moment of force M greater than a first threshold value S1 on the anchoring system,
    in which,
    • said mechanical coupling is configured to torsionally rupture in fragile areas of the mechanical coupling when said horizontal component of the applied force generates a moment of force greater than a second threshold value S2 on the anchoring system, said fragile zones being configured so that the base of the post is completely decoupled from the at least one anchor plate after the rupture of the fragile areas, said means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support being configured to resist a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S2;
    • the at least one anchor plate comprises a through slot extending from the front to the rear of said at least one anchor plate to a certain depth without reaching the rear edge;
    • the at least one anchor plate comprises at least one through hole for receiving the anchoring means to the rigid support, said through hole being connected to said slot.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide sont configurés pour rester dans leur limite d'élasticité lorsqu'un moment de force égal à ladite seconde valeur seuil S2 est appliqué sur le système d'ancrage.According to an advantageous embodiment, the means for anchoring the at least one anchoring plate to the rigid support are configured to remain in their elastic limit when a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S 2 is applied to the anchoring system.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les zones fragiles du couplage mécanique entre la base de poteau et la au moins une platine d'ancrage comprennent une soudure partielle entre la base de poteau et la au moins une platine d'ancrage.According to an advantageous embodiment, the fragile zones of the mechanical coupling between the column base and the at least one anchor plate comprise a partial weld between the column base and the at least one anchor plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les zones fragiles du couplage mécanique entre la base de poteau et la au moins une platine d'ancrage comprennent une zone avec une épaisseur inférieure à celle de la base de poteau et de la platine d'ancrage.According to an advantageous embodiment, the fragile zones of the mechanical coupling between the column base and the at least one anchor plate comprise an area with a thickness less than that of the column base and the anchor plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le système comprend deux platines d'ancrage latérales disposées autour de la base de poteau, lesdites zones fragiles étant positionnées aux interfaces entre chaque platine d'ancrage latérale et la base de poteau.According to an advantageous embodiment, the system comprises two lateral anchor plates disposed around the column base, said fragile zones being positioned at the interfaces between each lateral anchoring plate and the column base.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le système selon l'invention comprend une platine d'ancrage centrale couplée à une base de poteau comprenant deux parties latérales disposées autour de ladite platine d'ancrage centrale, lesdites zones fragiles étant positionnées aux interfaces entre la platine d'ancrage centrale et chacune des deux parties latérales de la base de poteau.According to an advantageous embodiment, the system according to the invention comprises a central anchoring plate coupled to a column base comprising two lateral parts arranged around said central anchor plate, said fragile zones being positioned at the interfaces between the plate central anchor and each of the two side portions of the post base.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, ladite fente comprend un bord tangent au trou traversant, ledit bord étant en position médiale par rapport au trou traversant et à une zone fragile du couplage mécanique.According to an advantageous embodiment, said slot comprises an edge tangent to the through hole, said edge being in a medial position relative to the through hole and to a fragile zone of the mechanical coupling.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide comprennent des boulons d'ancrage, lesdits boulons d'ancrage comprenant des vis et des écrous.According to an advantageous embodiment, the means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support comprise anchor bolts, said anchor bolts comprising screws and nuts.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les boulons comprennent des rondelles insérées entre les écrous et la au moins une platine d'ancrage.According to an advantageous embodiment, the bolts comprise washers inserted between the nuts and the at least one anchor plate.

Selon un second aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un kit pour l'assemblage d'un système d'ancrage à un support rigide tel que décrit ci-dessus comprenant une base de poteau, au moins une platine d'ancrage couplée mécaniquement à ladite base de poteau et des moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage au support rigide.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a kit for assembling an anchoring system to a rigid support as described above comprising a post base, at least one anchor plate mechanically coupled to said post base and means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate to the rigid support.

Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un poteau ancré dans un support rigide à l'aide d'un système d'ancrage tel que décrit ci-dessus.According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a post anchored in a rigid support with the aid of an anchoring system as described above.

Selon un quatrième aspect, l'invention se rapporte à une glissière de sécurité ancrée dans un support rigide comprenant une pluralité de poteaux tels que décrits ci-dessus et une pluralité d'éléments horizontaux reliant lesdits poteaux entre eux.According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a guardrail anchored in a rigid support comprising a plurality of posts as described above and a plurality of horizontal elements connecting said posts together.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

Ces aspects de l'invention et d'autres aspects complémentaires seront expliqués plus en détails au moyen d'exemples et par référence au dessin annexé :

  • La Figure 1 représente un mode de réalisation d'un poteau comprenant une base de poteau et des platines d'ancrage selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La Figure 2 est un agrandissement de la zone d'ancrage du poteau représenté à la Figure 1 ;
  • La Figure 3 représente un mode de réalisation du système d'ancrage selon l'invention comprenant le poteau représenté aux Figures 1&2 sur lequel est appliqué une force d'impact F, juste avant la que la rupture se produise ;
  • La Figure 4 représente le système d'ancrage représenté à la Figure 3 dans lequel la force d'impact F a provoqué la rupture du couplage entre la base de poteau et les platines d'ancrage ;
  • La Figure 5 représente une vue en coupe schématique de la zone d'ancrage du poteau des Figures 1&2 ;
  • La Figure 6 représente une vue en coupe schématique de la zone d'ancrage d'un poteau dans un autre mode de réalisation du système d'ancrage selon l'invention ;
  • La Figure 7 représente une glissière de sécurité comprenant des systèmes d'ancrage selon l'invention ;
Les figures ne sont pas dessinées à l'échelle.These and other aspects of the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings:
  • The Figure 1 represents an embodiment of a post comprising a post base and anchor plates according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • The Figure 2 is an enlargement of the anchorage area of the post shown in Figure 1 ;
  • The Figure 3 represents an embodiment of the anchoring system according to the invention comprising the pole shown in Figures 1 & 2 on which an impact force F is applied, just before the break occurs;
  • The Figure 4 represents the anchoring system shown in Figure 3 wherein the impact force F has caused the coupling between the post base and the anchor plates to break;
  • The Figure 5 represents a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of the column of Figures 1 &2;
  • The Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of a pole in another embodiment of the anchoring system according to the invention;
  • The Figure 7 represents a guardrail comprising anchoring systems according to the invention;
The figures are not drawn to scale.

Description détaillées de modes de réalisation préférésDetailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

L'invention se rapporte donc à un système d'ancrage pour un poteau 1 de glissière de sécurité dans un support rigide 2, ledit poteau 1 comprenant une face avant la et une face arrière 1b, ledit système d'ancrage comprenant :

  • une base de poteau 3 ;
  • au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 au support rigide 2 ;
  • des moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 au support rigide 2 ;
dans lequel ladite base de poteau 3 est couplée mécaniquement à ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 par un couplage mécanique, ledit couplage mécanique étant un couplage rigide déformable en rotation sous l'action d'une force appliquée F sur le poteau 1 ayant une composante horizontale orientée de l'avant vers l'arrière du poteau, ledit couplage mécanique entrant en déformation plastique lorsque ladite composante horizontale génère un moment de force supérieur à une première valeur seuil S1 sur le système d'ancrage,
dans lequel ledit couplage mécanique est configuré pour entrer en rupture par torsion dans des zones fragiles 5a, 5b du couplage mécanique lorsque ladite composante horizontale de la force appliquée génère un moment de force supérieur à une seconde valeur seuil S2 sur le système d'ancrage, lesdites zones fragiles 5a, 5b étant configurées pour que la base du poteau 3 soit totalement découplée de la au moins une platine d'ancrage après la rupture des zones fragiles 5a, 5b, lesdits moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 au support rigide 2 étant configurés pour résister à un moment de force égal à ladite seconde valeur seuil S2.The invention thus relates to an anchoring system for a safety rail post 1 in a rigid support 2, said post 1 comprising a front face 1a and a rear face 1b, said anchoring system comprising:
  • a post base 3;
  • at least one anchor plate 4 to the rigid support 2;
  • means for anchoring the at least one anchoring plate 4 to the rigid support 2;
wherein said post base 3 is mechanically coupled to said at least one anchor plate 4 by a mechanical coupling, said mechanical coupling being a rigid coupling deformable in rotation under the action of an applied force F on the post 1 having a horizontal component oriented from the front to the rear of the post, said mechanical coupling becoming plastically deformed when said horizontal component generates a moment of force greater than a first threshold value S1 on the anchoring system,
wherein said mechanical coupling is configured to torsionally rupture in brittle zones 5a, 5b of the mechanical coupling when said horizontal component of the applied force generates a moment of force greater than a second threshold value S2 on the anchoring system, said fragile zones 5a, 5b being configured so that the base of the post 3 is completely decoupled from the at least one anchoring plate after the rupture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b, said anchoring means of the at least one plate of anchoring 4 to the rigid support 2 being configured to withstand a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S2.

Dans le système d'ancrage selon l'invention, le poteau 1 comprend donc une base de poteau 3 couplée à au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 à l'aide d'un couplage mécanique, ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage 4 étant elle-même couplée au support rigide 2 à l'aide de moyens d'ancrage.In the anchoring system according to the invention, the post 1 thus comprises a post base 3 coupled to at least one anchor plate 4 by means of a mechanical coupling, said at least one anchor plate 4 being itself coupled to the rigid support 2 by means of anchoring means.

Aux Figures 1 et 2, un mode de réalisation d'un poteau 1 compatible avec le système d'ancrage selon l'invention est représenté. Dans ce mode de réalisation, deux platines d'ancrage latérales 4a, 4b sont couplées mécaniquement à la base de poteau 3 qui est en position médiale par rapport aux deux platines d'ancrage 4a, 4b. Sur ces figures, les platines latérales 4a, 4b sont couplées à la base de poteau 3 par des soudures. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3 peuvent être des parties intégrantes d'une même pièce.the Figures 1 and 2 , an embodiment of a post 1 compatible with the anchoring system according to the invention is shown. In this embodiment, two lateral anchor plates 4a, 4b are mechanically coupled to the column base 3 which is in the medial position with respect to the two anchor plates 4a, 4b. In these figures, the side plates 4a, 4b are coupled to the base of the post 3 by welds. In other embodiments, the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 may be integral parts of the same part.

Les moyens d'ancrage au support rigide 2 de la platine d'ancrage 4 peuvent revêtir différents modes de réalisation. A la Figure 3, les moyens d'ancrage des platines latérales 4a, 4b comprennent des boulons insérés dans des trous traversants 6 percés dans lesdites platines latérales 4a, 4b. Ces boulons comprennent des vis 8 partiellement enfoncées dans le support rigide 2 auquel elles sont fixées par des moyens mécaniques et/ou chimiques. Des écrous 9 sont utilisés pour fermer les boulons au-dessus des platines latérales 4a, 4b. Des rondelles 10 peuvent également être insérées entre les écrous 9 et les platines latérales 4a, 4b.The anchoring means to the rigid support 2 of the anchor plate 4 may take different embodiments. To the Figure 3 , the anchoring means of the side plates 4a, 4b comprise bolts inserted into through holes 6 drilled in said side plates 4a, 4b. These bolts comprise screws 8 partially embedded in the rigid support 2 to which they are fixed by mechanical and / or chemical means. Nuts 9 are used to close the bolts above the side plates 4a, 4b. Washers 10 may also be inserted between the nuts 9 and the side plates 4a, 4b.

A la Figure 3, un mode de réalisation du système d'ancrage est donc représenté dans son intégralité. Sur cette figure, le poteau 1 est par ailleurs soumis à une force F comprenant une composante orientée selon un vecteur directeur -x2, c'est-à-dire orientée de la face avant la, vers la face arrière 1b du poteau.To the Figure 3 an embodiment of the anchoring system is thus represented in its entirety. In this figure, the pole 1 is also subjected to a force F comprising a component oriented along a direction vector -x2, that is to say oriented from the front face, to the rear face 1b of the pole.

Cette force génère donc un moment M selon un axe x1 sur le système d'ancrage, et provoque donc la déformation en rotation du couplage mécanique entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la Figure 3, les platines latérales 4a, 4b sont conçues de telle manière que les efforts dus à la force F et transmis par la base de poteau 3 génèrent une déformation en torsion de la partie des platines latérales 4a, 4b fixée à la base de poteau 3. Cette déformation est la conséquence d'une rigidité structurale plus importante de la base de poteau 3 par rapport à celle des platines latérales 4a, 4b. Cette différence de rigidité structurale peut avoir pour origine l'utilisation de matériaux de qualités différentes pour les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Elle peut également être une conséquence de la forme de ces éléments ou d'une différence d'épaisseur entre eux. A la Figure 3, les platines latérales 4a, 4b comprennent une fente 7, qui s'étend du bord avant vers l'arrière de chaque platine latérale 4a, 4b jusqu'à une certaine profondeur sans en atteindre le bord arrière. Cette fente 7 affaiblit structuralement les platines latérales 4a, 4b qui sont alors plus facilement déformables en torsion lorsqu'un moment M est appliqué sur le système d'ancrage.This force therefore generates a moment M along an axis x1 on the anchoring system, and thus causes the rotation deformation of the mechanical coupling between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 3 , the side plates 4a, 4b are designed in such a way that the forces due to the force F and transmitted by the column base 3 generate a torsional deformation of the part of the lateral plates 4a, 4b fixed to the base of the pole 3. This deformation is the consequence of a greater structural rigidity of the column base 3 relative to that of the side plates 4a, 4b. This difference in structural rigidity can origin have the use of materials of different qualities for the side plates 4a, 4b and the base of column 3. It may also be a consequence of the shape of these elements or a difference in thickness between them. To the Figure 3 , the side plates 4a, 4b comprise a slot 7, which extends from the front edge to the rear of each side plate 4a, 4b to a certain depth without reaching the rear edge. This slot 7 structurally weakens the side plates 4a, 4b which are then more easily deformable in torsion when a moment M is applied to the anchoring system.

La déformation des platines 4a, 4b est représentée à la Figure 3. Une telle déformation est observable lorsque le moment M généré par la force F a une valeur suffisamment élevée. Par ailleurs, lorsque la valeur du moment M devient supérieure à une première valeur seuil S1, le couplage mécanique entre les platines 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3 entre en déformation plastique. Cette déformation plastique en torsion est responsable d'une importante dissipation d'énergie dans le système d'ancrage et permet donc d'évacuer une partie de l'énergie cinétique du véhicule, et d'en réduire donc sa vitesse au moment de l'impact.The deformation of the plates 4a, 4b is represented in FIG. Figure 3 . Such a deformation is observable when the moment M generated by the force F has a sufficiently high value. Moreover, when the value of the moment M becomes greater than a first threshold value S1, the mechanical coupling between the plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 enters plastic deformation. This plastic deformation in torsion is responsible for a significant energy dissipation in the anchoring system and thus allows to evacuate part of the kinetic energy of the vehicle, and thus reduce its speed at the time of the impact.

Si la collision entre le véhicule et la glissière de sécurité est telle que la force F engendre un moment M ayant une valeur supérieure à une valeur seuil S2 sur le système d'ancrage, le couplage mécanique entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau entre une rupture dans des zones fragiles 5a, 5b dudit couplage mécanique. Cette rupture par torsion se produit lorsque la déformation plastique en torsion dans les platines latérales 4a, 4b atteint un certain de niveau au-delà duquel la contrainte pour continuer à déformer plastiquement les platines latérales 4a, 4b devient trop élevée à supporter pour les zones fragiles 5a, 5b, qui entrent alors en rupture. Cette rupture permet donc de limiter les efforts transmis par les moyens d'ancrage des platines latérales 4a, 4b au support rigide 2 à une valeur maximale. De cette manière, le support rigide 2 est préservé des endommagements qui peuvent survenir en cas d'efforts excessifs générés par les moyens d'ancrage des platines latérales 4a, 4b. La valeur seuil S2 du moment avant rupture, qui est donc directement liée aux efforts maximaux transmis par les moyens d'ancrage au support rigide 2 avant rupture, peut être modulée suivant les propriétés de résistance mécanique à la rupture des zones fragiles 5a, b. Les zones fragiles 5a, 5b sont par ailleurs configurées pour que leur rupture provoque un découplage total entre la base de poteau 3 et les platines latérales 4a, 4b. Ainsi, ces zones fragiles 5a, 5b sont avantageusement localisées sur l'ensemble de l'interface entre la base de poteau 3 et les platines latérales 4a, 4b de manière à ce que l'issue du processus de rupture, les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3 soient devenues des entités distinctes.Ces zones fragiles 5a, 5b peuvent être réalisées de différentes manières. Aux Figures 1-4, les zones fragiles 5a, 5b correspondent à une soudure entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Cette soudure peut être une soudure partielle, c'est-à-dire une soudure ne s'étendant pas sur toute l'épaisseur de l'interface platines latérales - base de poteau, en vue d'obtenir une valeur seuil adéquate S2 pour le moment M. Lorsque les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3 sont des parties intégrantes d'une unique pièce, les zones fragiles 5a, 5b peuvent correspondre à des zones de plus faible épaisseur par rapport à l'épaisseur des platines latérales 4a, 4b et de la base de poteau 3.If the collision between the vehicle and the guardrail is such that the force F generates a moment M having a value greater than a threshold value S2 on the anchoring system, the mechanical coupling between the side plates 4a, 4b and the base post between a break in fragile areas 5a, 5b of said mechanical coupling. This torsional failure occurs when the torsional plastic deformation in the side plates 4a, 4b reaches a certain level beyond which the stress to continue plastically deforming the side plates 4a, 4b becomes too high to bear for fragile areas 5a, 5b, which then break. This rupture thus makes it possible to limit the forces transmitted by the anchoring means of the lateral plates 4a, 4b to the rigid support 2 at a maximum value. In this way, the rigid support 2 is preserved from damage that may occur in case of excessive forces generated by the anchoring means of the side plates 4a, 4b. The threshold value S2 of the moment before rupture, which is therefore directly related to the maximum forces transmitted by the anchoring means to the rigid support 2 before rupture, can be modulated according to the mechanical strength properties of the brittle zones 5a, b. The fragile zones 5a, 5b are moreover configured so that their rupture causes a total decoupling between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b. Thus, these fragile zones 5a, 5b are advantageously located over the entire interface between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b so that the end of the rupture process, the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 have become separate entities. These fragile areas 5a, 5b can be realized in different ways. the Figures 1-4 , the fragile zones 5a, 5b correspond to a weld between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3. This weld can be a partial weld, that is to say a weld not extending over the entire thickness of the interface side plates - column base, in order to obtain a suitable threshold value S2 for the moment M. When the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 are integral parts of a single piece , the fragile zones 5a, 5b may correspond to areas of smaller thickness relative to the thickness of the side plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3.

Cette rupture aboutit à un découplage total entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Le poteau est donc totalement désolidarisé du support rigide 2 à l'issue du processus de rupture. Un tel découplage total, représenté à la Figure 4, permet donc d'éviter des interactions entre la glissière de sécurité et le véhicule qui pourraient avoir des effets indésirables sur la stabilité de ce dernier. Pour une valeur seuil S2 donnée, l'angle maximal de déflection α que le poteau 1 peut supporter avant que le couplage mécanique entre en rupture peut être modulé suivant les propriétés de déformation mécanique dudit couplage. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux Figures 1-4, cet angle maximal de déflection α est principalement gouverné par la rigidité structurale en torsion des platines latérales 4a, 4b, qui dépend du matériau utilisé, de l'épaisseur des platines ainsi que de l'emplacement exact et la profondeur de la fente 7. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux Figures 1-4, il a pu être observé que la diminution de la rigidité structurale en torsion de par la présence de la fente 7 dans les platines latérales, combinée à la modulation de la valeur d'effort de rupture par torsion des zones fragiles 5a, 5b, permettait d'obtenir une dissipation d'énergie dans la déformation plastique du couplage mécanique sensiblement égale à la dissipation d'énergie dans les systèmes d'ancrage à fusibles de l'art antérieur, mais ce pour une valeur d'efforts transmis au support rigide 2 deux fois moins importante que celle observée pour ces systèmes de l'art antérieur. Par conséquent, à niveau égal d'énergie dissipée lors d'un impact, le système d'ancrage selon l'invention permet une bien meilleure préservation du support rigide 2, ce qui est fortement appréciable dans les ouvrages d'art de génie civil.This rupture results in a total decoupling between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the base of column 3. The post is thus completely detached from the rigid support 2 at the end of the breaking process. Such a total decoupling, represented in Figure 4 , thus avoids interactions between the guardrail and the vehicle that could have adverse effects on the stability of the latter. For a given threshold value S2, the maximum deflection angle α that the post 1 can withstand before the mechanical coupling breaks can be modulated according to the mechanical deformation properties of said coupling. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1-4 , this maximum angle of deflection α is mainly governed by the torsional structural stiffness of the lateral plates 4a, 4b, which depends on the material used, the thickness of the plates as well as the exact location and the depth of the slot 7. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1-4 it has been observed that the reduction of the torsional structural rigidity by the presence of the slot 7 in the lateral plates, combined with the modulation of the tensile stress value by torsion of the fragile zones 5a, 5b, allowed to obtain a dissipation of energy in the plastic deformation of the mechanical coupling substantially equal to the energy dissipation in the fuse anchoring systems of the prior art, but for a value of forces transmitted to the rigid support 2 two times less than that observed for these systems of the prior art. Therefore, at equal level of energy dissipated during an impact, the anchoring system according to the invention allows a much better preservation of the rigid support 2, which is highly appreciable in engineering structures.

En vue d'atteindre cette rupture du couplage mécanique bien nette dans les zones fragiles 5a, 5b, il est important que les moyens d'ancrage des platines 4a, 4b au support rigide 2 puissent supporter les efforts générés par la valeur S2 du moment M. En effet, les moyens d'ancrage, qui comprennent typiquement des boulons d'ancrage, tels que représentés aux Figures 3-4, doivent résister pour que le découplage se produise au niveau des zones fragiles 5. L'absence de rupture ou de déchirure des vis et écrous d'ancrage sous l'action du moment de force M égal à S2 permet en effet de garantir un découplage total du poteau 1 par la rupture des zones fragiles 5a, 5b. Cette résistance suffisante des moyens d'ancrage permet également d'empêcher les interactions imprévisibles entre ceux-ci et le support rigide 2, qui pourraient lui être délétères. Les moyens d'ancrage, qui comprennent donc typiquement des boulons d'ancrage, doivent par conséquent avoir des propriétés de résistance mécanique suffisantes pour supporter les efforts qu'ils doivent transmettre au support rigide 2 jusqu'à une valeur S2 du moment de force. Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens d'ancrage sont conçus et dimensionnés pour rester dans leur limite d'élasticité jusqu'à la valeur S2 du moment de force provoquant la rupture des zones fragiles 5a, 5b. Cela signifie que les différents éléments constituant les moyens d'ancrage subissent seulement des déformations élastiques, sans entrer en plasticité donc, pour des valeurs d'effort transmis lors de la rupture du couplage mécanique. De cette manière, l'intégrité des moyens d'ancrage est totalement préservée à l'issue du processus de rupture du couplage mécanique entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Par conséquent, suite à un accident destructeur pour le poteau 1, ces moyens d'ancrage peuvent être réutilisés pour ancrer un nouveau poteau 1 remplaçant le précédent dans le support rigide 2.In order to achieve this break of the clear mechanical coupling in the fragile zones 5a, 5b, it is important that the anchoring means of the plates 4a, 4b to the rigid support 2 can withstand the forces generated by the value S2 of the moment M Indeed, the anchoring means, which typically comprise anchor bolts, as shown in FIGS. Figures 3-4 , must resist in order for the decoupling to occur at the level of the fragile zones 5. The absence of rupture or tearing of the anchoring screws and nuts under the action of the moment of force M equal to S2 makes it possible to guarantee a decoupling total of the pole 1 by breaking the fragile areas 5a, 5b. This sufficient resistance of the anchoring means also makes it possible to prevent unpredictable interactions between these and the rigid support 2, which could be deleterious to it. The anchoring means, which therefore typically comprise anchor bolts, must therefore have strength properties sufficient to withstand the forces they must transmit to the rigid support 2 up to a value S2 of the moment of force. In an advantageous embodiment, the anchoring means are designed and dimensioned to remain in their elastic limit up to the value S2 of the moment of force causing rupture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b. This means that the various elements constituting the anchoring means undergo only elastic deformations, without entering into plasticity therefore, for values of force transmitted during the rupture of the mechanical coupling. In this way, the integrity of the anchoring means is totally preserved at the end of the process of breaking the mechanical coupling between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the base of the post 3. Consequently, following a destructive accident for the post 1, these anchoring means can be reused to anchor a new post 1 replacing the previous one in the rigid support 2.

La Figure 5 est une vue en coupe schématique de la zone d'ancrage d'un poteau 1 selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Les platines latérales 4a, 4b sont donc couplées à la base de poteau 3 qui est en position centrale. Les zones fragiles 5a, 5b du couplage mécanique sont situées aux interfaces entre la base de poteau 3 et les platines latérales 4a, 4b. Comme déjà expliqué plus haut, dans les modes de réalisation exposés aux Figures 1-4, les zones fragiles 5a, 5b sont des soudures, éventuellement partielles, entre les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, lorsque les platines latérales 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3 sont des parties intégrantes d'une même pièce elle peut être une zone avec une épaisseur réduite. Les parties 31 et 32 représentent les parois avant et arrière du poteau 1 qui sont ancrées sur sa base 3.The Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of a post 1 according to one embodiment of the invention. The side plates 4a, 4b are thus coupled to the pole base 3 which is in the central position. Fragile zones 5a, 5b of the mechanical coupling are located at the interfaces between the column base 3 and the side plates 4a, 4b. As already explained above, in the embodiments exposed to Figures 1-4 , the fragile zones 5a, 5b are welds, possibly partial, between the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3. In other embodiments, when the lateral plates 4a, 4b and the column base 3 are integral parts of the same room it can be an area with a reduced thickness. The parts 31 and 32 represent the front and rear walls of the post 1 which are anchored on its base 3.

La Figure 6 est une vue en coupe schématique de la zone d'ancrage d'un poteau 1 selon un autre mode de réalisation. Dans celui-ci, les platines latérales 4a, 4b sont remplacées par une unique platine centrale 4 couplée à une base de poteau en deux parties latérales 3a et 3b. Une zone fragile 5a, 5b se trouve à chaque interface entre la base de poteau en deux parties 3a, 3b et la platine centrale 4. La platine centrale 4 comprend avantageusement deux trous traversants 6 pour recevoir les moyens d'ancrage au support rigide 2. Des modes de réalisation avec un seul trou traversant dans la platine centrale 4 peuvent également être envisagés. Les parties 31a, 32a et 31b, 32b représentent les parois avant et arrière du poteau 1 qui sont ancrées sur les parties latérales 3a et 3b de la base de poteau. Ce qui a été dit plus haut au sujet des modes de réalisation comprenant une base de poteau centrale 3 et des platines d'ancrage latérales 4a, 4b est directement transposable ce mode de réalisation comprenant une unique platine d'ancrage centrale 4 et une base de poteau en deux parties latérales 3a et 3b.The Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view of the anchoring zone of a pole 1 according to another embodiment. In this, the side plates 4a, 4b are replaced by a single central plate 4 coupled to a column base in two side portions 3a and 3b. A fragile zone 5a, 5b is located at each interface between the two-part post base 3a, 3b and the central plate 4. The central plate 4 advantageously comprises two through holes 6 to receive the anchoring means to the rigid support 2. Embodiments with a single through-hole in the central plate 4 may also be envisaged. The portions 31a, 32a and 31b, 32b represent the front and rear walls of the post 1 which are anchored to the side portions 3a and 3b of the post base. What has been said above about the embodiments comprising a central post base 3 and lateral anchor plates 4a, 4b is directly transferable this embodiment comprising a single central anchoring plate 4 and a base of post in two lateral parts 3a and 3b.

Comme discuté plus haut, au moins une fente 7 est avantageusement usinée dans les platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b. Cette fente est avantageusement traversante selon un axe x3, à travers l'épaisseur de la platine donc, et elle s'étend selon un axe x2, du bord avant de la platine jusqu'à une certaine profondeur vers l'arrière, sans atteindre le bord arrière. Cette fente 7 permet de réduire la rigidité structurale de la platine en torsion. Comme représenté aux Figures 5-6, la fente 7 est avantageusement connectée au trou traversant 6 utilisé pour ancrer la platine au support rigide 2. Cette configuration s'est en effet révélée intéressante car il a pu être observé qu'en cas d'impact d'un véhicule sur les rails d'une glissière de sécurité, les différents poteaux 1 impliqués dans l'amortissement du choc sont soumis à des efforts différents. En effet, par exemple dans le cas de choc violent, un moment de rupture S2 est généré sur certains poteaux 1 particulièrement exposés au choc et entraine donc leur découplage du support rigide 2. Cependant, il a pu être observé que ce moment de rupture S2 n'est pas nécessairement atteint pour l'ensemble des poteaux 1 impliqués dans la collision. De par la rigidité des rails de la glissière de sécurité, des poteaux 1 relativement éloignés de l'endroit du choc peuvent en effet être impliqués dans l'amortissement du véhicule. Pour ces poteaux 1 qui ne sont pas soumis à un moment S2, le découplage par rupture des zones fragiles 5a, 5b ne peut donc se produire. Il a cependant pu être observé qu'il était souhaitable que ces poteaux se découplent malgré tout du support rigide 2, pour éviter des interactions entre la glissière de sécurité et le véhicule ayant potentiellement des effets indésirables sur la stabilité de ce dernier. Sur ces poteaux 1 pour lesquels le moment de rupture S2 n'est pas atteint, la présence de la fente 7 connectée au trou traversant offre une possibilité supplémentaire d'obtenir un découplage entre le poteau 1 et le support rigide 2. Sous l'action de certains efforts, les platines 4, 4a, 4b peuvent en effet se déformer de manière à élargir la largeur de la fente 7 et à permettre le passage de la vis d'ancrage 8 à travers celle-ci. Le découplage entre le poteau 1 et le substrat rigide 2 est alors obtenu par un mouvement de translation selon l'axe x2 de la base de poteau 3 toujours couplée aux platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b. Il a ainsi pu être observé que ce mode de découplage était parfois sollicité préférentiellement par rapport au mode de découplage par rupture en torsion des zones fragiles 5a, 5b, dans le cas d'une force d'impact orientée purement selon l'axe x2, mais insuffisante pour générer un moment de force M supérieur à la valeur seuil S2. En cas de composante latérale de la force d'impact F, selon l'axe xl donc, c'est par ailleurs à nouveau le mode de découplage par rupture en torsion des zones fragiles 5a, 5b qui est prédominant. La connexion de la fente 7 au trou traversant 6 des platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b rajoute donc une possibilité de découplage entre le poteau 1 et le support rigide 2 qui se révèle être utile au moins pour certains types de collision, en vue de la préservation du support rigide 2.As discussed above, at least one slot 7 is advantageously machined in the anchor plates 4, 4a, 4b. This slot is advantageously through an axis x3, through the thickness of the plate so, and it extends along an axis x2, the front edge of the plate to a certain depth towards the rear, without reaching the back edge. This slot 7 reduces the structural rigidity of the plate in torsion. As represented in Figures 5-6 the slot 7 is advantageously connected to the through hole 6 used to anchor the plate to the rigid support 2. This configuration has indeed proved interesting because it has been observed that in case of impact of a vehicle on the rails of a guardrail, the various posts 1 involved in shock absorption are subjected to different efforts. Indeed, for example in the case of violent impact, a breaking moment S2 is generated on some posts 1 particularly exposed to impact and thus causes their decoupling of the rigid support 2. However, it has been observed that this moment of rupture S2 is not necessarily reached for all the posts 1 involved in the collision. Due to the rigidity of the rails of the guardrail, posts 1 relatively far from the location of the impact can indeed be involved in the damping of the vehicle. For these posts 1 which are not subjected to a moment S2, the decoupling by rupture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b can not occur. It has however been observed that it was desirable that these posts decoupled despite the rigid support 2, to avoid interactions between the guardrail and the vehicle potentially having undesirable effects on the stability of the latter. On these posts 1 for which the breaking moment S2 is not reached, the presence of the slot 7 connected to the through hole provides an additional possibility of obtaining a decoupling between the post 1 and the rigid support 2. Under the action certain forces, the plates 4, 4a, 4b can indeed deform so as to widen the width of the slot 7 and allow the passage of the anchor screw 8 therethrough. The decoupling between the post 1 and the rigid substrate 2 is then obtained by a translational movement along the x2 axis of the post base 3 still coupled to the anchor plates 4, 4a, 4b. It has thus been observed that this mode of decoupling was sometimes solicited preferentially with respect to the mode of decoupling by torsional rupture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b, in the case of an impact force oriented purely along the axis x2, but insufficient to generate a moment of force M greater than the threshold value S2. In the case of a lateral component of the impact force F, along the x1 axis, therefore, it is also again the mode of decoupling by torsional fracture of the fragile zones 5a, 5b which is predominant. The connection of the slot 7 to the through hole 6 of the anchor plates 4, 4a, 4b thus adds a possibility of decoupling between the post 1 and the rigid support 2 which is found to be useful at least for certain types of collision, in view the preservation of the rigid support 2.

Aux Figures 5-6, chaque fente 7 connectée à un trou traversant 6 d'une platine d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b comprend avantageusement un bord 7a, 7b s'étendant selon un axe 11a, 11b parallèle à x2 et tangent au trou traversant 6. Par ailleurs, l'axe 11a, 11b est en position médiale par rapport à la zone fragile 5a, 5b du couplage mécanique et le trou traversant 6. Par position médiale, on entend que l'axe 11a, 11b, en plus d'être tangent au trou traversant 6, est situé entre le trou traversant 6 et la zone fragile 5a, 5b. En d'autres termes encore, le bord 7a, 7b de la fente 7 s'étend selon un axe 11 qui est parallèle à x2 et tangent au trou 6 du côté de la zone fragile 5a, 5b. De cette manière, la fente 7, en général plus étroite que le trou traversant 6, est connectée au trou traversant 6 tout en étant décalée vers la zone fragile 5a, 5b par rapport au centre du trou traversant 6. Cette configuration pour les platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b s'est révélée particulièrement avantageuse. En effet, lors de la déformation du couplage mécanique entre les platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b et la base de poteau 3, 3a, 3b sous l'action d'un moment de force M, la majeure partie de la déformation observable est assurée par la partie des platines d'ancrage 4, 4a, 4b se trouvant entre l'axe 11 du bord 7a, 7b et la zone fragile 5a, 5b, tel que représenté à la Figure 3. En positionnant le bord 7a, 7b de la fente 7, connectée au trou traversant 6, tangentiellement à ce trou, on empêche l'apparition d'un bras de levier généré par la partie déformée de la platine contre les moyens d'ancrage de la platine au support rigide 2, c'est-à-dire la vis 8 et écrou 9 représentés aux Figures 3-4. La présence d'un tel bras de levier serait en effet une cause potentielle d'endommagement pour ces moyens d'ancrage, ce qui pourrait les empêcher d'être réutilisés par la suite pour l'ancrage d'un nouveau poteau 1.the Figures 5-6 each slot 7 connected to a through hole 6 of an anchor plate 4, 4a, 4b advantageously comprises an edge 7a, 7b extending along an axis 11a, 11b parallel to x2 and tangent to the through hole 6. Moreover the axis 11a, 11b is in the medial position relative to the fragile zone 5a, 5b of the mechanical coupling and the through hole 6. By medial position, it is meant that the axis 11a, 11b, in addition to being tangent to the through hole 6, is located between the through hole 6 and the fragile zone 5a, 5b. In other words again, the edge 7a, 7b of the slot 7 extends along an axis 11 which is parallel to x2 and tangential to the hole 6 on the side of the fragile zone 5a, 5b. In this way, the slot 7, generally narrower than the through hole 6, is connected to the through hole 6 while being shifted towards the fragile zone 5a, 5b with respect to the center of the through hole 6. This configuration for the anchoring plates 4, 4a 4b has proved particularly advantageous. Indeed, during the deformation of the mechanical coupling between the anchoring plates 4, 4a, 4b and the column base 3, 3a, 3b under the action of a moment of force M, the major part of the observable deformation is provided by the part of the anchoring plates 4, 4a, 4b located between the axis 11 of the edge 7a, 7b and the fragile zone 5a, 5b, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 . By positioning the edge 7a, 7b of the slot 7, connected to the through hole 6, tangentially to this hole, it prevents the appearance of a lever arm generated by the deformed portion of the plate against the anchoring means of the platinum rigid support 2, that is to say the screw 8 and nut 9 shown in Figures 3-4 . The presence of such a lever arm would indeed be a potential cause of damage for these anchoring means, which could prevent them from being reused later for the anchoring of a new post 1.

La Figure 7 représente une glissière de sécurité comprenant des poteaux 1 ancrés à un support rigide 2, qui est ici une longrine en béton ou en métal, à l'aide d'un système d'ancrage tel que décrit plus haut. Des éléments horizontaux, les tubes 12 relient entre eux différents poteaux 1.The Figure 7 represents a guardrail comprising posts 1 anchored to a rigid support 2, which is here a sill concrete or metal, using an anchoring system as described above. Horizontal elements, the tubes 12 connect between them different posts 1.

Claims (12)

Système d'ancrage pour un poteau (1) de glissière de sécurité dans un support rigide (2), ledit poteau (1) comprenant une face avant (la) et une face arrière (1b), ledit système comprenant : - une base de poteau (3) ; - au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) ; - des moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) ; dans lequel ladite base de poteau (3) est couplée mécaniquement à ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) par un couplage mécanique, ledit couplage mécanique étant un couplage rigide déformable en rotation sous l'action d'une force F appliquée sur le poteau (1) ayant une composante horizontale orientée de l'avant vers l'arrière du poteau, ledit couplage mécanique entrant en déformation plastique lorsque ladite composante horizontale génère un moment de force M supérieur à une première valeur seuil S1 sur le système d'ancrage,
caractérisé en ce que - ledit couplage mécanique est configuré pour entrer en rupture par torsion dans des zones fragiles (5a, 5b) du couplage mécanique lorsque ladite composante horizontale de la force appliquée génère un moment de force supérieur à une seconde valeur seuil S2 sur le système d'ancrage, lesdites zones fragiles (5a, 5b) étant configurées pour que la base du poteau (3) soit totalement découplée de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) après la rupture des zones fragiles (5a, 5b), lesdits moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) étant configurés pour résister à un moment de force égal à ladite seconde valeur seuil S2 ; - la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) comprend une fente traversante (7) s'étendant de l'avant vers l'arrière de ladite au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) jusqu'à une certaine profondeur sans en atteindre le bord arrière ; - la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) comprend au moins un trou traversant (6) pour recevoir les moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) au support rigide (2), ledit trou traversant (6) étant connecté à ladite fente (7). Anchoring system for a post (1) of a guardrail in a rigid support (2), said post (1) comprising a front face (1a) and a rear face (1b), said system comprising: - a post base (3); at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2); anchoring means (8, 9, 10) of the at least one anchoring plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2); wherein said post base (3) is mechanically coupled to said at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) by a mechanical coupling, said mechanical coupling being a rigid coupling deformable in rotation under the action of a force F applied to the post (1) having a horizontal component oriented from the front to the back of the post, said mechanical coupling becoming plastically deformed when said horizontal component generates a moment of force M greater than a first threshold value S1 on the anchoring system,
characterized in that said mechanical coupling is configured to torsionally rupture in fragile areas (5a, 5b) of the mechanical coupling when said horizontal component of the applied force generates a moment of force greater than a second threshold value S2 on the anchoring system , said fragile zones (5a, 5b) being configured so that the base of the post (3) is completely decoupled from the at least one anchoring plate (4, 4a, 4b) after the rupture of the fragile zones (5a, 5b) , said anchoring means (8, 9, 10) of the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2) being configured to withstand a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S2; - The at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) comprises a through slot (7) extending from the front to the rear of said at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b). to a certain depth without reaching the trailing edge; the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) comprises at least one through hole (6) for receiving the anchoring means (8, 9, 10) to the rigid support (2), said through hole ( 6) being connected to said slot (7). Système d'ancrage selon la revendication 1 dans lequel les moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide sont configurés pour rester dans leur limite d'élasticité lorsqu'un moment de force égal à ladite seconde valeur seuil S2 est appliqué sur le système d'ancrage.Anchoring system according to claim 1 wherein the anchoring means (8, 9, 10) of the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support are configured to remain in their limit of elasticity when a moment of force equal to said second threshold value S2 is applied to the anchoring system. Système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel les zones fragiles (5a, 5b) du couplage mécanique entre la base de poteau (3) et la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) comprennent une soudure partielle entre la base de poteau (3) et la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b).Anchoring system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the fragile areas (5a, 5b) of the mechanical coupling between the column base (3) and the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) comprise a partial weld between the column base (3) and the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b). Système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2 dans lequel les zones fragiles (5a, 5b) du couplage mécanique entre la base de poteau (3) et la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) comprennent une zone avec une épaisseur inférieure à celle de la base de poteau (3) et de la platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b).Anchoring system according to any one of claims 1 and 2 wherein the fragile areas (5a, 5b) of the mechanical coupling between the column base (3) and the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b ) comprise an area with a thickness less than that of the column base (3) and the anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b). Système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant deux platines d'ancrage latérales (4a, 4b) disposées autour de la base de poteau (3), lesdites zones fragiles (5a, 5b) étant positionnées aux interfaces entre chaque platine d'ancrage latérale (4a, 4b) et la base de poteau (3).Anchoring system according to any one of the preceding claims comprising two lateral anchoring plates (4a, 4b) arranged around the column base (3), said fragile zones (5a, 5b) being positioned at the interfaces between each plate lateral anchorage (4a, 4b) and the post base (3). Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant une platine d'ancrage centrale (4) couplée à une base de poteau comprenant deux parties latérales (3a, 3b) disposées autour de ladite platine d'ancrage centrale (4), lesdites zones fragiles (5a, 5b) étant positionnées aux interfaces entre la platine d'ancrage centrale (4) et chacune des deux parties latérales (3a, 3b) de la base de poteau.System according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a central anchoring plate (4) coupled to a column base comprising two lateral parts (3a, 3b) arranged around said central anchoring plate (4), said fragile areas (5a, 5b) being positioned at the interfaces between the central anchor plate (4) and each of the two side portions (3a, 3b) of the post base. Système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel ladite fente (7) comprend un bord (7a, 7b) tangent au trou traversant (6), ledit bord (7a, 7b) étant en position médiale par rapport au trou traversant (6) et à une zone fragile (5a, 5b) du couplage mécanique.Anchoring system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said slot (7) comprises an edge (7a, 7b) tangential to the through-hole (6), said edge (7a, 7b) being in a medial position relative to the hole through (6) and to a fragile zone (5a, 5b) of the mechanical coupling. Système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel les moyens d'ancrage de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2) comprennent des boulons d'ancrage, lesdits boulons d'ancrage comprenant des vis (8) et des écrous (9).Anchoring system according to any preceding claim wherein the means for anchoring the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2) comprise anchor bolts, said bolts anchor comprising screws (8) and nuts (9). Système d'ancrage selon la revendication 8 dans lequel les boulons comprennent des rondelles (10) insérées entre les écrous et la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b).Anchoring system according to claim 8 wherein the bolts comprise washers (10) inserted between the nuts and the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b). Kit pour l'assemblage d'un système d'ancrage à un support rigide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant une base de poteau (3), au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) couplée mécaniquement à ladite base de poteau et des moyens d'ancrage (8, 9, 10) de la au moins une platine d'ancrage (4, 4a, 4b) au support rigide (2).Kit for assembling an anchoring system to a rigid support according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a post base (3), at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) mechanically coupled to said post base and anchoring means (8, 9, 10) of the at least one anchor plate (4, 4a, 4b) to the rigid support (2). Poteau ancré dans un support rigide (2) à l'aide d'un système d'ancrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.Post anchored in a rigid support (2) by means of an anchoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9. Glissière de sécurité ancrée dans un support rigide (2) comprenant une pluralité de poteaux (1) selon la revendication 11 et une pluralité d'éléments horizontaux (12) reliant lesdits poteaux (1) entre eux.Safety slide anchored in a rigid support (2) comprising a plurality of poles (1) according to claim 11 and a plurality of horizontal elements (12) connecting said poles (1) to each other.
EP18207173.8A 2017-11-20 2018-11-20 Anchoring system for a guardrail post Active EP3486375B1 (en)

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BE2017/5848A BE1025272B1 (en) 2017-11-20 2017-11-20 ANCHORING SYSTEM FOR A SECURITY SLIDE POST

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CN115354605A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-11-18 山东奥邦机械设备制造有限公司 Guardrail guiding device and using method
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BE1030292A1 (en) 2022-02-23 2023-09-14 Van Eycken Metal Construction Bvba ANCHOR SYSTEM WITH REDUCED FORCE TRANSMISSION FOR A METAL VEHICLE-RETAINING CONSTRUCTION AND A STRUCTURE COMPOSED WITH IT
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