EP3485979A1 - Procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3485979A1
EP3485979A1 EP18204116.0A EP18204116A EP3485979A1 EP 3485979 A1 EP3485979 A1 EP 3485979A1 EP 18204116 A EP18204116 A EP 18204116A EP 3485979 A1 EP3485979 A1 EP 3485979A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
centrifuge
operating state
detecting
borne sound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18204116.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3485979B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Bathelt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3485979A1 publication Critical patent/EP3485979A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/14—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B04B7/06—Safety devices ; Regulating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a suspension to be processed with a centrifuge drum and separated into one or more phases is exposed to a high centripetal acceleration, which in a separator with a vertical axis of rotation may be more than 10,000 times the gravitational acceleration (more than 10,000 g).
  • the invention achieves this object by the method of claim 1.
  • An advantageous possibility of the invention is thus the detection of a specific operating state (eg drum overflow) of the centrifuge - in particular a plate separator or a Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge - by a structure-borne noise measurement or a corresponding vibration measurement during a time interval and by performing the transformation - for example, a Fourier transform - possible Analysis of the measurement signals by comparing the resulting spectrum with previously known spectra.
  • These previously known spectra were preferably determined by experiment and then stored. But it is also conceivable that they have been determined by simulation calculations.
  • the previously known and prestored "reference spectra" can include both those spectra which correspond to a problem or fault, as well as those which indicate a trouble-free operation, which can thus be called quasi "normal operating spectra".
  • both the measurement of the vibration velocity and acceleration can be used.
  • electrodynamic velocity sensors laser Doppler sensors, capacitive acceleration sensors, piezoelectric acceleration sensors or piezoresistive acceleration sensors can be used.
  • one or more actions may be initiated, wherein initiating the one or more actions may include issuing a warning message or initiating one or more actions outputting a control signal may include for changing the operation of the centrifuge.
  • control of the machine can thus optionally initiate predetermined reactions in step 400.
  • a structure-borne sound sensor arranged on a component of the centrifuge which does not rotate during operation of the centrifuge in particular a structure-borne sound sensor arranged on a component which does not rotate during operation of the centrifuge, can be used in the region of the centrifuge drum. Because it has surprisingly been found that directly on such a part - where the respective sensor is also relatively easy to attach and readable via a wired line or wirelessly - sufficiently characteristic oscillations of the rotating system and occur with the structure-borne sound sensor are detectable to detect and distinguish different or several operating conditions of the centrifuge.
  • a structure-borne sound sensor arranged on a feed pipe which does not rotate during operation of the centrifuge and / or on a start-up, in particular on a gripper can be used.
  • a suitable structure-borne sound sensor in the vicinity of this component.
  • step 300 at least one of the pre-stored spectra corresponds to an operating state "current or imminent overflow of the drum" and if the step 300 possibly comprises a recognition of this operating state.
  • this operating state can be detected particularly well with the method according to the invention, which allows a simple optimization of the operation of the centrifuge.
  • step 300 it is also expedient if, in step 300, at least one of the prestored spectra corresponds to an operating state "current or imminent cavitation on the gripper of the centripetal pump" and that step 300 further comprises recognizing this operating state.
  • Fig. 1 shows a centrifuge - designed here as a separator - for clarifying solid-containing, flowable starting materials P of solids with a rotatable Drum 1 with vertical axis of rotation.
  • the processing of the starting product P takes place in continuous operation.
  • the separator is a self-draining separator.
  • the drum 1 of the centrifuge has a discontinuous solids outlet, wherein the solid separated from the starting product P by clarification is removed at intervals by opening and reclosing outlet nozzles or outlet openings 5.
  • Each of the phases resulting from this separation can - but does not necessarily have to - form a recoverable material phase.
  • the invention can also be used on nozzle separators or on separators without solids outlet. It can also be used on non-continuous batch separators.
  • the drum 1 has a drum base 10 and a drum lid 11. It is also preferably surrounded by a hood 12.
  • the drum 1 is also placed on a drive spindle 2, which is rotatably mounted and driven by a drive motor.
  • the drum 1 per se is rotatable or forms a substantial part of the rotating system of the centrifuge, but it also has individual elements projecting into it which do not rotate during operation.
  • the drum 1 has a product feed 4, through which the starting product P is fed into the drum 1.
  • the product inlet 4 opens into a feed pipe 40, which is designed here as not rotating with the rotating system - that is not rotating in operation - tube which projects from above into the drum and is aligned coaxially to the axis of rotation D.
  • the inlet pipe 40 in accordance with other structural design from below into the drum protrudes - not shown here).
  • the drum 1 further comprises at least one drain 13 - which is designed here as a paring disc or as a gripper - which serves to derive a clear phase L from the drum 1.
  • the gripper acts like or forms a centripetal pump.
  • the Procedure 13 can be done structurally in other ways or by other means. It is also conceivable, as an alternative or in addition to the clarification of solids, to carry out a separation of the starting product P into two liquid phases of different densities. For this purpose, then another liquid drain - for example, another gripper - required.
  • the gripper 13 thus also forms a not rotating in operation with the actual drum 1 but stationary component of the centrifuge.
  • the drum 1 preferably has a disk pack 14 of axially spaced separation plates. Between the outer periphery of the plate package 14 and the inner circumference of the drum 1 in the region of its largest inner diameter, a solids collecting space 8 is formed. Solids, which are separated from the clear phase in the region of the plate pack 14, collect in the solids collecting space 8, from which the solids can be discharged from the drum 1 via outlet openings 5.
  • the outlet openings 5 can be opened and closed by means of a piston slide 6, which is arranged in the drum base 10 and is displaceable parallel thereto in this direction (in particular vertically).
  • a piston slide 6 which is arranged in the drum base 10 and is displaceable parallel thereto in this direction (in particular vertically).
  • the solids S from the drum 1 are discharged into a solids catcher 7.
  • the solids collection space 8 in the drum 1 has a defined solids volume.
  • the drum 1 has an actuating mechanism.
  • this comprises at least one supply line 15 for a control fluid such as water and a valve assembly 16 in the drum 1 and other elements outside the drum 1.
  • a control fluid such as water
  • a valve assembly 16 in the drum 1 and other elements outside the drum 1.
  • the feed of the control fluid such as water through a arranged outside the drum 1 metering 17 is made possible, which one outside associated with the drum 1 hydraulic line 19 is assigned to the control fluid, so that for a solids discharge of the solid by releasing the valve assembly 16, the control fluid is introduced into the drum 1 or conversely, the flow of control fluid can be interrupted to move the spool 6 accordingly, to release the outlet openings 5.
  • At least one structure-borne sound sensor 22 which is designed to record a vibration spectrum, is arranged on a component of the drum, thus on the inlet pipe 40.
  • This structure-borne noise sensor 22 is designed as a sensor device for measuring structure-borne noise.
  • the body sound to be measured or sensed is the sound which propagates in the component on which the structure-borne sound sensor 22 is arranged.
  • acceleration sensors may be used which have an effect, e.g. use the piezoelectric effect, to convert the acceleration occurring as a result of structure-borne noise to the component on which they are arranged into electrically processable signals.
  • sensors such as electrodynamic velocity sensors, laser Doppler sensors, capacitive acceleration sensors or piezoresistive acceleration sensors can be used.
  • the at least one structure-borne sound sensor 22 on a component of the centrifuge drum 1 which does not rotate during operation, in particular on the inlet pipe 40 (illustrated here) and / or on the gripper 13 (not shown here).
  • sensor devices such as a sensor device 3 for determining the flow rate volume / time or one or more parameters, e.g. Mass / time of the starting product P to be fed into the drum 1. This is advantageous, but not mandatory.
  • the structure-borne noise sensor 22 either has its own evaluation electronics or is connected to such.
  • the structure-borne sound sensor 22 is exemplary Connected via a data connection 23 with the control and evaluation device 9 (preferably a control computer of the centrifuge), which evaluates the determined measured values.
  • the rotating in operation system of the drum 1 generates in operation structure-borne sound waves both on the rotating components in operation of the drum 1 and on the non-rotating in operation components of the drum first
  • Fig. 2 exemplifies the recorded during the operation of an exemplary centrifuge temporal waveform of a structure-borne sound measurement.
  • Fig. 3 shows a frequency spectrum obtained by a transformation thereof. In the system known resonant frequencies / here by 100 Hz) are clearly off.
  • the structure-borne sound sensor 22 may preferably be arranged on the surface of one of the components. But it can also be used in a bore or the like. In the component.
  • the structure-borne noise sensor 22 is preferably of broadband design and designed for measuring a relatively wide frequency spectrum, for example between 0 Hz and 1 MHz. But it is also conceivable to tailor it relatively accurately to a smaller frequency range to be measured.
  • the analog signal received by the structure-borne sound sensor 22 is digitized by the evaluation electronics 9 and stored as a waveform.
  • suitable filtering transformation and subsequent analysis of the recorded signal conclusions about the operating condition of the centrifuge can be obtained. This is possible in particular because a comparison is made with previously known spectra corresponding to different operating states.
  • the control and evaluation device 9 can also serve to control the movement of the piston slide 6 and thus also the time interval until the opening of the outlet openings 5.
  • the actuating mechanism for the piston valve 6 - in particular the metering 17 - can be connected via a data link 18 to the evaluation and control and evaluation 9.
  • the control and evaluation device has a computer program with a program routine for monitoring and / or controlling and / or regulating the operation.
  • the metering arrangement 17 may, for example, have a piston and one or more valves. You can also by type of DE 10 2005 049 941 A1 be configured to make a variable dosage of the amount of fluid to control and change the duration of the solids discharge and thus the current solids discharge volume.
  • the solids discharge volume can be varied, so that, for example, with increasing solids content in the feed the solids discharge volume can be increased.
  • It can be a controllable device - for example, a controllable valve - be switched into the inlet, with which the volume flow in the inlet is variable to change the feed rate or the current feed volume V AP to be processed starting product P per unit time.
  • This controllable device can be connected via a data connection with the control and evaluation device 9 (not shown here).
  • the aforementioned data connections enable data transmission from or to the control and evaluation device 9. They can each be configured as lines or in each case as wireless connections.
  • Trubstoffe contained in the starting material P and other solids in the solids collection chamber 8 of the drum 1 outside of the plate pack 14 is collected, which fills.
  • the signal recorded with the structure-borne sound sensor 22 and the oscillation spectrum determined therefrom now enable a particularly simple and well-functioning determination of the operating state of the centrifuge. This can in turn be used for example for monitoring and / or control and / or regulation of the centrifuge.
  • the structure-borne sound sensor 22 on the stationary supply pipe 40 exemplifies at least one structure-borne sound sensor which is arranged outside, on or in the drum 1, in particular on a part of the drum 1 which does not rotate during operation.
  • the comparison with the known spectra, in particular frequency spectra may include incorporating a tolerance range to detect matches. Accordingly, the outputting of information in step 400, for example of a warning and / or control signal, would only take place if a signal lying outside of an expected tolerance range is detected.
  • the structure-borne sound sensor 22 and the signal processing of the evaluation and control and evaluation device 9 assigned to it should typically be designed and thus suitable for detecting and processing signals at a high sampling rate.
  • This high sampling rate should preferably be greater than 50 kHz and more preferably greater than 100 kHz.
  • the respective recorded vibration signal is digitized and by means of a suitable algorithm for performing the mathematical transformation, the spectrum of the vibration signal is generated in each case from the recorded vibration signal.
  • This spectrum is compared with various known spectra stored in a database, which preferably correspond to different machine states, product states or process states.
  • different states for example normal states which indicate trouble-free operation - and / or deviations from such states can be detected in step 300.
  • one or more actions may be initiated, e.g. a desired state is reached again.
  • spectra can be pre-stored which correspond to the operating states "current or imminent overflow of the drum” or “current or imminent cavitation on the gripper” so that they can be detected with the known spectra on the basis of the current structure-borne sound measurements and the ongoing comparisons of the recorded spectra.
  • the control of the machine can initiate predetermined reactions, such as "Detected operating condition overflow of the drum” - Reaction: “Reduction of the feed quantity and / or reduction of the discharge pressure” or "Detected Operating state of cavitation on the gripper "Action:” Increase the discharge pressure and thus increase the immersion depth of the gripper ".
  • the frequency spectrum can not only detect certain machine conditions, but can also detect deviations from previously defined product and / or process parameters. If, for example, the viscosity or the flow rate of the suspension to be processed changed in such a way that the permissible value range for the centrifuge is exceeded or fallen below, this is also recognizable on the determined at the inlet pipe vibration spectrum.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP18204116.0A 2017-11-16 2018-11-02 Procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse Active EP3485979B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017126973.8A DE102017126973A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2017-11-16 Verfahren zum Erkennen des Betriebszustands einer Zentrifuge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3485979A1 true EP3485979A1 (fr) 2019-05-22
EP3485979B1 EP3485979B1 (fr) 2024-01-17

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EP18204116.0A Active EP3485979B1 (fr) 2017-11-16 2018-11-02 Procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse

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EP (1) EP3485979B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017126973A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3485979T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114705232A (zh) * 2022-03-16 2022-07-05 南京苏试广博环境可靠性实验室有限公司 一种单片机红外光电测转速系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4004584A1 (de) * 1990-02-15 1991-08-22 Krauss Maffei Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb einer filterzentrifuge
EP0724912A1 (fr) * 1993-08-13 1996-08-07 Krauss-Maffei Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour la détermination de grandeurs représentatives pour les paramètres de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse
JP2002343763A (ja) * 2001-05-16 2002-11-29 Oomiya Kogyo Kk 半導体ウエハ用遠心分離機
WO2015136162A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Optimisation De Procedes D'essorage Identification des balourds liquides dans une centrifugeuse
WO2016008755A1 (fr) * 2014-07-17 2016-01-21 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Procédé de régulation du fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005049941A1 (de) 2005-10-19 2007-04-26 Westfalia Separator Ag Selbstentleerender Separator und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
MX2012011443A (es) * 2010-04-02 2012-11-23 Pneumatic Scale Corp Sistema y metodo centrifugo.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4004584A1 (de) * 1990-02-15 1991-08-22 Krauss Maffei Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb einer filterzentrifuge
EP0724912A1 (fr) * 1993-08-13 1996-08-07 Krauss-Maffei Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et appareil pour la détermination de grandeurs représentatives pour les paramètres de fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse
JP2002343763A (ja) * 2001-05-16 2002-11-29 Oomiya Kogyo Kk 半導体ウエハ用遠心分離機
WO2015136162A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Optimisation De Procedes D'essorage Identification des balourds liquides dans une centrifugeuse
WO2016008755A1 (fr) * 2014-07-17 2016-01-21 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Procédé de régulation du fonctionnement d'une centrifugeuse

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114705232A (zh) * 2022-03-16 2022-07-05 南京苏试广博环境可靠性实验室有限公司 一种单片机红外光电测转速系统
CN114705232B (zh) * 2022-03-16 2024-06-04 南京苏试广博环境可靠性实验室有限公司 一种单片机红外光电测转速系统

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Publication number Publication date
PL3485979T3 (pl) 2024-05-13
EP3485979B1 (fr) 2024-01-17
DE102017126973A1 (de) 2019-05-16

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