EP3482440B1 - Kavernen batteriespeicher - Google Patents

Kavernen batteriespeicher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3482440B1
EP3482440B1 EP17740699.8A EP17740699A EP3482440B1 EP 3482440 B1 EP3482440 B1 EP 3482440B1 EP 17740699 A EP17740699 A EP 17740699A EP 3482440 B1 EP3482440 B1 EP 3482440B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
cavern
redox flow
battery
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17740699.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3482440A1 (de
Inventor
Guido NEUHAUS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innogy SE
RWE Gas Storage West GmbH
Original Assignee
Innogy SE
Innogy Gas Storage NWE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Innogy SE, Innogy Gas Storage NWE GmbH filed Critical Innogy SE
Priority to PL17740699T priority Critical patent/PL3482440T3/pl
Publication of EP3482440A1 publication Critical patent/EP3482440A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3482440B1 publication Critical patent/EP3482440B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/20—Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery storage for a redox flow battery, a redox flow battery with such a battery storage and a method for producing a battery storage for a redox flow battery.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a cavern, in particular a salt dome cavern, as a battery store.
  • a redox flow battery also known as a river battery, is an electrochemical energy store.
  • the classic structure of a redox flow battery consists of a galvanic cell and two separate electrolyte circuits.
  • the galvanic cell is divided into two half cells by a membrane.
  • Each half-cell is fed by a separate electrolyte circuit, the respective electrolyte being stored in tanks and fed to the respective half-cell via pumps.
  • An anolyte flows through a first half-cell and a catholyte flows through a second half-cell.
  • a charge exchange takes place between the electrolytes.
  • Anolyte and catholyte are reduced or oxidized during charging and discharging in order to convert electrical energy into chemical energy and vice versa.
  • Such a redox flow battery is, for example, from the document DE 10 2012 016 317 A1 known.
  • the storage capacity of a redox flow battery is limited by the storage volume of the tanks for storing the electrolytes.
  • a large number of tank containers for storing electrolyte are networked with one another. Additional containers are used to hold a membrane system that serves as a galvanic cell for supplying and releasing energy.
  • the capacity of a redox flow battery increases, the number of containers required to store the electrolytes in such systems increases, and with it the complexity of the system technology.
  • Another relevant state of the art is in the publication WO 2009/040521 A1 described.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to specify a battery storage for a redox flow battery, a redox flow battery with such a battery storage and a method for producing a battery storage for a redox flow battery which does not have the disadvantages described above or at least to a lesser extent and in particular enable a redox flow battery with a high storage capacity in a simple and inexpensive manner.
  • a use for a cavern is also to be specified.
  • electrolyte is accommodated in a cavern, large amounts of electrolyte can also be stored in a single store or a single cavity.
  • caverns previously used as gas caverns can be used for this purpose. Therefore, they are not above ground Containers or tanks required to store electrolyte. As a result, the system and cost for storing electrolyte for redox flow batteries with high capacity can be reduced, since no extensive pipe system is required to network a large number of tanks or containers.
  • a cavern in the present case, it is an underground cavity that can be arranged, for example, several hundred meters below the surface of the earth.
  • the electrolyte that is accommodated in the battery storage device is, for example, a catholyte or an anolyte for a redox flow battery.
  • the electrolyte can have, for example, a storage capacity or an energy density of 25 watt-hours per liter (W ⁇ h / l).
  • the cavern is a salt dome cavern.
  • a salt dome cavern can be created in a known manner by rinsing out or salting out a salt layer in the subsoil.
  • Known methods can thus be used to create an underground cavity which serves as a battery store for storing electrolyte for a redox flow battery.
  • an existing cavern that was originally intended for gas storage can be used to store electrolyte for a redox flow battery.
  • the cavern is delimited, at least in sections, in particular completely by rock, in particular granite.
  • the electrolyte has brine and polymer, in particular liquid polymer.
  • Such an electrolyte has the advantage of being more environmentally friendly than acid-based electrolytes.
  • brine and polymer as the electrolyte can ensure that, for example, existing salt dome caverns, which were originally intended for storing gas, can be converted into battery storage for a redox flow battery without an additional burden on the environment.
  • a gas cavern that is already flooded with brine can be connected to a circuit of a redox flow battery, whereby the brine can be mixed with polymer during the circulation.
  • the brine can be enriched with polymer by adding polymer to the brine above ground. In this way, large storage capacities can be tapped as battery storage for a redox flow battery with comparatively little effort.
  • the cavity has a volume (void volume) in a range from 70,000 m 3 (seventy thousand cubic meters) to 500,000 m 3 (five hundred thousand cubic meters) or 500,000 m 3 (five hundred thousand cubic meters) to 800,000 m 3 (eight hundred thousand) Cubic meters), in particular has 600,000 m 3 .
  • Electrolyte can be stored.
  • a cavern with a volume of approximately 600,000 m 3 (six hundred thousand cubic meters) can serve as a battery store for storing electrolyte.
  • New salt dome caverns can be created as battery storage for a redox flow battery or existing salt dome caverns can be converted into gas storage for a redox flow battery. It goes without saying that, in addition to salt caverns, other types of caverns, such as granite caverns or the like, may also be suitable for the storage of electrolyte for a redox flow battery.
  • the volume of a cavern which is to serve as a battery storage for a redox flow battery, is 100,000 m 3 (one hundred thousand cubic meters) to 1,000,000 million m 3 (one million cubic meters).
  • the volume or the void volume of a cavern, which is to serve as a battery storage for a redox flow battery is freely scalable and can also hold more than a million cubic meters of electrolyte.
  • the invention relates to a redox flow battery, with one or more redox flow cells and at least two battery stores for supplying the one or more redox flow cells with electrolyte. At least one of the battery stores is designed in the manner according to the invention.
  • the electrolyte of at least one circuit of such a redox flow battery is stored underground in a cavern, for example a catholyte
  • the electrolyte can a second circuit of the redox flow battery, for example an anolyte are conventionally stored above ground in containers or tanks.
  • the storage of at least one electrolyte of a redox flow battery in the subsurface already reduces the above-ground footprint and system technology for above-ground networked tanks or containers.
  • a redox flow cell it is a galvanic cell which is divided into at least two half cells by one or more membranes. An anolyte flows through a first half-cell and a catholyte flows through a second half-cell. A charge exchange takes place between the electrolytes. Anolyte and catholyte are reduced or oxidized during charging and discharging in order to convert electrical energy into chemical energy and vice versa.
  • two or more battery stores are provided for supplying the one or more redox flow cells with electrolyte, at least two battery stores being designed in the manner according to the invention.
  • at least two battery stores for storing electrolyte are arranged underground in caverns. In this way, large storage volumes and storage capacities of a redox flow battery can be mapped, while the system expenditure is kept low.
  • a first battery store according to the invention can store an anolyte and a second battery store separate from the first battery store can store a catholyte.
  • the redox flow battery has exactly two battery stores for supplying the one or more redox flow cells are provided with electrolyte, wherein the battery storage is designed in the manner according to the invention.
  • a redox flow battery can be implemented in a simple manner, which has a high storage volume or a high storage capacity, the system technology being able to be kept small due to the fact that there are only two battery or electrolyte stores.
  • a large number of redox flow cells can be fed from exactly two separate, underground caverns and supplied with electrolyte, the first battery storage storing an anolyte and the second battery storage separate from the first battery storage storing a catholyte.
  • the battery storage can be implemented at least partially, preferably exclusively underground, in caverns
  • the arrangement of the one or more redox flow cells which are also referred to as membrane stacks, can preferably be above ground.
  • a first pipe tour and a second pipe tour for supplying and removing electrolyte lead to the cavern the pipe tours being nested in particular.
  • existing pipe tours that still consist of a previous use of the cavern for gas storage can continue to be used or modified for the supply of electrolyte and / or removal.
  • the tube tours can be nested one inside the other to save space.
  • the first pipe tour can be suspended in a second pipe tour.
  • first and the second pipe tour lead into the cavern, this means that at least one pipe end of the respective pipe tour extends into the cavity volume of the cavern which is provided for the storage of electrolyte.
  • one end of the first tube tour is assigned to a cavern bottom and one end of the second tube tour is assigned to a cavern roof.
  • stratification of the electrolyte can occur during the charging or discharging process of the battery.
  • charged electrolyte can be arranged or concentrated above discharged electrolyte in the area of the cavern roof, while discharged electrolyte is accumulated in the area of the bottom of the cavern.
  • charged electrolyte in the roof area of the cavern can therefore be removed via the second pipe tour and discharged electrolyte in the area of the cavern bottom can be returned to the cavern via the second pipe tour.
  • the power output capability and power input capability of a redox flow cell depend on the one hand on the energy density and the volume of the electrolyte and also on the available membrane area within the redox flow cells, via which a charge exchange can take place.
  • a plurality of redox flow cells can be provided, the redox flow cells can be arranged in a cascade connection. Through the cascade connection, the redox flow cells can be switched on in parallel or in series with one another or hidden from the energy flow in order to meet the respective operating conditions with regard to energy storage or power output.
  • the redox flow battery can have a capacity in a range of including 12.5 to 25 gigawatt hours (GWh).
  • GWh gigawatt hours
  • the proposed redox flow battery can be used to achieve storage capacities that have been expanded to include nuclear power plant capacities.
  • the redox flow battery can serve as a buffer storage for wind or solar energy systems. It is advantageous that a redox flow battery has no memory effect and no damage from deep discharge.
  • the method step "providing a cavity for storing electrolyte, the cavity being a cavern” it is possible, for example, to use existing caverns that were originally intended for gas storage.
  • a new cavern for storing electrolyte can be created using known methods, in which case, for example, salting out of a salt dome can take place. The brine can remain in the cavern and polymer can be added.
  • Electrolyte can be fed into the cavern after or during the soling of the cavern.
  • a salt dome cavern already flooded with brine can be successively mixed with polymer, in particular liquid polymer, in a circulating brine circuit in order to provide the electrolyte required for a redox flow battery.
  • a gas cavern can be filled or flooded directly with an electrolyte made of brine and polymer and thus used as a battery storage for a redox flow battery.
  • the invention relates to the use of a cavern, in particular a salt dome cavern, as a battery storage device for receiving electrolyte for a redox flow battery.
  • a cavern in particular a salt dome cavern
  • this can be a salt dome cavern that was originally intended or has been used for gas storage.
  • a redox flow battery 2 is shown.
  • the redox flow battery 2 has a first battery storage 4 and a second battery storage 6.
  • the first battery storage 4 has a cavity 8 in which the electrolyte 10 is stored.
  • the cavity 8 is a cavern 8.
  • the second battery storage 6 has a cavity 12 in which the electrolyte 14 is stored.
  • the cavity 12 is a cavern 12.
  • the electrolyte 10 has brine and liquid polymer.
  • the electrolyte 14 also has brine and liquid polymer.
  • the electrolyte 10 forms the anolyte.
  • the electrolyte 14 forms the catholyte.
  • the cavern 8 has a cavity volume for receiving electrolyte 10 of 600,000 m 3 .
  • the cavern 12 has a cavity volume for receiving electrolyte 14 of 600,000 m 3 .
  • the redox flow battery 2 has a redox flow cell 16.
  • the redox flow cell 16 is divided by a membrane 18 into a first half cell 20 and a second half cell 22.
  • a first electrode 24 is assigned to the first half cell 20.
  • a second electrode 26 is assigned to the second half cell 22. Electrical energy can be taken from and supplied to the redox flow cell 16 via the electrodes 24, 26.
  • the first half cell 20 is connected to the first battery storage device 4 via pipes 28.
  • the second half cell 22 is connected to the second battery storage 6 via pipes 30.
  • the electrolyte 10 is conveyed through the first half cell 20 with the aid of a pump 31.
  • the electrolyte 12 is conveyed through the second half cell 22 with the aid of a pump 32. In this way, two separate electrolyte circuits are formed.
  • the redox flow battery 2 can have a plurality of redox flow cells 16 which are connected to one another in a cascade connection.
  • the present redox flow battery 2 has a capacity of 15 gigawatt hours (GWh).
  • Fig. 2 shows a battery storage 34, the battery storage 4 or 6 of the in Figure 1 Redox flow battery 2 shown can serve. Electrolyte 36 is received in battery storage 34. The electrolyte 36 can be removed from the battery storage 34 via a conveyor system 38 or supplied to the latter.
  • the battery storage device 34 has a salt dome cavern 35, which has been introduced into a salt dome 40 by brining out and forms a cavity 35 for receiving electrolyte 36.
  • the conveyor system 38 has a standpipe 42, an anchor tube tour 44, a casing tour 46, a protective strand 48, an electrolyte withdrawal strand 50 and an electrolyte return strand 52.
  • the electrolyte return line 52 is a first tube tour 52 which opens into the salt dome cavern 35.
  • a first end 51 of the first tube tour 52 is assigned to a cavern bottom 54.
  • the electrolyte withdrawal line 50 is a second tube tour 50 which opens into the salt dome cavern 35.
  • a first end 53 of the second tube tour 50 is assigned to a cavern roof 56.
  • a redox flow battery for example as a redox flow battery 2 Fig. 1 can be configured, charged electrolyte 36 is removed via the second tube tour 50 in the area of the cavern roof 56 and fed to one or more redox flow cells.
  • discharged electrolyte 36 can be conveyed back to the cavern base 54 of the salt dome cavern 35 via the first tube tour 52. This results in stratification within the salt dome cavern 35, with charged electrolyte 36 being assigned to the cavern roof 56 and discharged electrolyte 36 being assigned to the cavern bottom 54 or being concentrated there.
  • the pumps 31, 32 can be operated in two directions, so that the electrolyte circuits can also be operated in two directions.
  • the second tube tour 50 is an electrolyte return line and the first tube tour 52 is the electrolyte withdrawal line.
  • the pumps 31, 32 can be arranged inside or outside the cavities 8, 10.
  • a salt dome cavern 35 is used as the battery storage 34, in which an electrolyte 36 is stored in the salt dome cavern 35, which is provided for supply to a redox flow battery.
  • the battery storage 34 can be produced on the one hand by converting an existing gas cavern, which has been generated in a salt dome by salting out, into a battery storage for storing electrolyte.
  • the battery storage 34 can be an already flooded gas storey cavern filled with brine. The brine can then be successively added in a cyclic process to provide an electrolyte for a redox flow battery in the cavern.
  • a cavern can be built into a salt dome specially for use as a battery storage for a redox flow battery.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
EP17740699.8A 2016-07-07 2017-07-07 Kavernen batteriespeicher Active EP3482440B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17740699T PL3482440T3 (pl) 2016-07-07 2017-07-07 Kawernowy magazyn akumulatorowy

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016212390.4A DE102016212390A1 (de) 2016-07-07 2016-07-07 Kavernen Batteriespeicher
PCT/EP2017/067123 WO2018007598A1 (de) 2016-07-07 2017-07-07 Kavernen batteriespeicher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3482440A1 EP3482440A1 (de) 2019-05-15
EP3482440B1 true EP3482440B1 (de) 2020-05-13

Family

ID=59366413

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17740699.8A Active EP3482440B1 (de) 2016-07-07 2017-07-07 Kavernen batteriespeicher

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US11088374B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3482440B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102016212390A1 (pl)
DK (1) DK3482440T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2807189T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL3482440T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT3482440T (pl)
WO (1) WO2018007598A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018003493A1 (de) * 2018-04-30 2019-10-31 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Sole-Hybrid-Redox-Flow-Kavernenspeicher
CN109585758B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2022-04-15 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的有机水相液流电池、其电池隔膜和制备方法
CN109346755A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-15 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的含添加剂的有机液流电池、控制方法及其应用
CN109390615A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-26 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的大容量液流电池储能系统、控制方法及其应用
CN109378511A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-22 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的储能发电方法
CN109378512A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-22 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的储能发电装置、控制方法及其应用
CN109585873B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2021-06-25 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的有机水相液流电池及其电池隔膜的制备方法
CN109390614A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-02-26 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的对称型液流电池、控制方法及其应用
CN109616679A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-04-12 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 储能发电装置、卧式盐穴电解液储存库及其建造方法
CN109585870A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-04-05 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的储能电池终止运行后处置方法
DE102018009363A1 (de) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Redox-Flow-Batterie zur Speicherung von elektrischer Energie in Erdspeichern und deren Verwendung
CN110429312A (zh) * 2019-08-12 2019-11-08 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的有机单液流储能系统及其应用
CN110492145B (zh) * 2019-08-12 2021-02-19 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 基于盐穴的有机水相液流电池
DE102019125240A1 (de) 2019-09-19 2021-03-25 Rwe Gas Storage West Gmbh Hybrider Kavernenspeicher
CN110828862B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-09-22 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种盐穴液流电池的电能存储装置
CN111193055B (zh) * 2020-01-08 2021-05-07 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 季铵盐型蒽醌活性物质的应用以及有机水相盐穴电池

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DE102012016317A1 (de) 2012-08-14 2014-02-20 Jenabatteries GmbH Redox-Flow-Zelle zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3482440T3 (da) 2020-08-03
ES2807189T3 (es) 2021-02-22
EP3482440A1 (de) 2019-05-15
US11088374B2 (en) 2021-08-10
DE102016212390A1 (de) 2018-01-11
US20190229350A1 (en) 2019-07-25
WO2018007598A1 (de) 2018-01-11
US20220037683A1 (en) 2022-02-03
US11569515B2 (en) 2023-01-31
PT3482440T (pt) 2020-07-09
PL3482440T3 (pl) 2020-11-16

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