EP3475344A1 - Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen - Google Patents
Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3475344A1 EP3475344A1 EP17733818.3A EP17733818A EP3475344A1 EP 3475344 A1 EP3475344 A1 EP 3475344A1 EP 17733818 A EP17733818 A EP 17733818A EP 3475344 A1 EP3475344 A1 EP 3475344A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- distillation
- ketazine
- polyols
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0828—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing sulfonate groups or groups forming them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
- C08G18/0842—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents
- C08G18/0861—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3228—Polyamines acyclic
- C08G18/3231—Hydrazine or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/82—Post-polymerisation treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G85/00—General processes for preparing compounds provided for in this subclass
- C08G85/002—Post-polymerisation treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/05—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from solid polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C243/00—Compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
- C07C243/10—Hydrazines
- C07C243/12—Hydrazines having nitrogen atoms of hydrazine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C243/16—Hydrazines having nitrogen atoms of hydrazine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G71/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a ureide or urethane link, otherwise, than from isocyanate radicals in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G71/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the removal of ketazine from polyurethane dispersions by distillation below the boiling point of ketazine.
- Aqueous polyurethane dispersions play an important role in coatings because of their special properties.
- aqueous PU dispersions are advantageous because they contain little or no organic solvent and thus contribute to sustainable and environmentally friendly coatings.
- PUDs are mainly produced by two different methods. In the so-called melt dispersing process, an isocyanate-functional, hydrophilic prepolymer is first prepared in the melt or frequently with the aid of a small proportion of a mostly high-boiling solvent. In the next step, the prepolymer is dispersed in water and then chain-extending with polyamines or polyhydrazides in water is often carried out to build up the molecular weight.
- the solvent used often has a high boiling point, it can not subsequently be removed and remains in the dispersion.
- an isocyanate-functional prepolymer is also first prepared which is then dissolved in acetone.
- the subsequent chain extension is then carried out in the acetone solution of the prepolymer and the associated increase in the viscosity can be controlled by the added amount of acetone.
- the dispersion is carried out with water and the acetone can be finally removed by distillation. Since the acetone process does not employ any further and frequently high-boiling solvent, the resulting dispersions are substantially free of organic solvents.
- the compounds for chain extension are often polyamines or polyhydrazides and as common compound has u.a.
- Hydrazine proven because the thus reacted dispersions have a significantly higher color stability under thermal stress. If hydrazine is added to such an acetone prepolymer solution, a by-product is formed in which acetone and hydrazine react to form ketazine (or acetone azine) (see also EC Gilbert, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 51, 3394-3409, 1929 ). The ketazine formed remains because of its relatively high boiling point (134 ° C at atmospheric pressure) in the dispersion and can, depending on the processing, hydrolyze again to hydrazine, which is a major drawback due to the carcinogenic effect of hydrazine.
- Broth temperature is the temperature of the vapor phase
- the bottom temperature is the temperature of the liquid phase.
- the present invention relates to a process for removing ketazine from a polyurethane dispersion comprising the step of distilling the polyurethane dispersion, wherein the broth temperature permanently exceeds the temperature at which removal of the acetone is reached by a maximum of 10%.
- the temperature at which the acetone is removed can be determined experimentally very easily.
- the bottom of the distillation unit is heated to the boiling point of acetone.
- the Brüdentemperatur will initially be below the bottom temperature, since the first evaporate the low-boiling compounds. In the course of the distillation, the Brüdentemperatur continues to increase, as increasingly boiling compounds evaporate. By analyzing samples taken when defined temperatures are reached, the residual concentration of acetone present in the polyurethane dispersion at a given broth temperature is easily determined.
- removal of the acetone refers to a state of the polyurethane dispersion in which the acetone content is less than 1% by weight.
- the broth temperature is at least 15 ° C below the boiling point of ketazine at the pressure prevailing in the distillation unit.
- the abovementioned temperature limit is preferably only exceeded for a short time, particularly preferably not at all.
- the ketazine can be removed by distillation without raising the temperature in the bottom of the distillation unit or in the vapor to the boiling point of ketazine. Since at the pressure prevailing in the plant of 120 mbar, the acetone completely removed when reaching a Brüdentemperatur of 48 ° C. While ketazine has a boiling point of about 70 ° C under these conditions, it was unexpected that by continuing the distillation to a broth temperature of 51 ° C, more than 90% of the originally present ketazine could be removed.
- the term "removal of the ketazine” refers to a state of polyurethane dispersion in which the residual concentration of ketazine is preferably less than 1000 ppm, more preferably less than 500 ppm, even more preferably less than 300 ppm, even more preferably less than 200 ppm and most preferably less than 100 ppm It is further preferred that at least 90% of the ketazine originally present in the polyurethane dispersion be removed by the process according to the invention.
- the distillation is carried out at a pressure of at most 140 mbar, particularly preferably at most 125 mbar. Even more preferably, the distillation is carried out at a pressure between 115 mbar and 125 mbar. Here, a Brüdentemperatur of 53 ° C is not permanently exceeded. More preferably, the distillation is carried out at a pressure between 115 mbar and 125 mbar.
- the distillation process can be started according to the invention at ambient pressure and then continued at continuously or stepwise lowered pressure. In this context, short-term pressure increases are harmless if they do not affect the distillation process.
- a bottom temperature of 53 ° C is not permanently exceeded.
- the distillation is preferably started at a bottom temperature of 45 ° C.
- a "permanent" exceeding of a temperature limit means that during the entire distillation operation the specified temperature limit is exceeded for at most 15 minutes, more preferably at most 10 minutes, and most preferably at most 5 minutes short-term exceeding of a temperature limit that said temperature limit is exceeded during the entire distillation process for at most 15 minutes, more preferably at most 10 minutes, and most preferably at most 5 minutes.
- the abovementioned periods relate to the total duration of the continuous or divided into at least two separate phases temperature exceeded.
- the distillation after reaching a Brüdentemperatur at which removal of the acetone is achieved preferably for at least 120 minutes, more preferably for 30 minutes to 180 minutes, even more preferably for 60 minutes to 150 minutes, and most preferably continued for 90 minutes to 150 minutes.
- the polyurethane dispersion from which the ketazine is removed by the process according to the invention is preferably prepared by the acetone process described in the introduction.
- the polyurethane dispersions to be purified by the process according to the invention are prepared by chain extension from the prepolymers suitable for the preparation of polyurethane dispersions.
- the prepolymers useful in the invention are typically the reaction products of one or more polyisocyanates with one or more isocyanate-reactive compounds wherein the polyisocyanate or polyisocyanates are used in stoichiometric excess such that the prepolymer has terminal isocyanate groups.
- the suitable prepolymers can furthermore be distinguished into hydrophobic and hydrophilic prepolymers.
- Hydrophobic prepolymers are those compounds which have no hydrophilic groups and thus can not be dissolved or dispersed in water.
- Hydrophilic prepolymers refer to those compounds which have covalently bonded hydrophilic groups which make it possible to dissolve or disperse the prepolymer in water.
- Suitable polyisocyanates are aromatic, araliphatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates. It is also possible to use mixtures of such polyisocyanates.
- suitable polyisocyanates are butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2,4 and / or 2,4,4-trimethylhexa-methylene diiso-cyanate , the isomeric bis (4,4'-isocyanatocyclo-'hexyl) - 'methanes or mixtures thereof any isomer content, isocyanato-methyl-l ⁇ octane diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diis
- the isocyanate-reactive polyol is a compound which has 1 to 4 isocyanate-reactive groups, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 and very particularly preferably 1.9 to 2.1.
- Suitable isocyanate-reactive groups are the groups known to the person skilled in the art, for example hydroxyl groups, amine groups, hydrazide groups or thiol groups, preferably hydroxy groups or amine groups, very particularly preferably hydroxyl groups.
- the molecular weight of the suitable polyols is between 40 g / mol - 13000 g / mol and suitable as polyols are low molecular weight, discrete compounds and / or higher molecular weight, polydisperse compounds.
- the low molecular weight compounds are usually discrete compounds in the molar mass range between 40 and 499 g / mol.
- the higher molecular weight compounds are compounds which have a molecular weight distribution and whose average number average molecular weight is between 500 and 13000, preferably between 700 g / mol and 4000 g / mol, very particularly preferably between 1000 g / mol and 3000 g / mol.
- Suitable low molecular weight polyols are short-chain, ie containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic Verbindugnen.
- diols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-2-butylpropanediol, trimethylpentanediol, positionally isomeric diethyloctanediols, 1'-butylene glycol, cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2- and 1,4-cyclohexanediol, hydrogenated bisphenol A (2,2-
- 1,4-butanediol 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1,6-hexanediol.
- suitable triols are trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane or glycerol, trimethylopropane is preferred.
- diamines are 1,2-ethylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, 1,4-butanediamine and isophoronediamine, particularly preferred are 1,2-ethylenediamine and isophoronediamine.
- dihydrazides are oxalic dihydrazide, carbohydrazide and adipic dihydrazide, particularly preferred are carbohydrazide and adipic dihydrazide.
- dithiols are 1,2-ethanedithiol, 1,3-propanedithiol, 1,4-butanedithiol and 1,6-hexanedithiol. Besodners preferred are 1,2-ethanedithiol and 1,6-hexanedithiol.
- the higher molecular weight compounds are compounds which in turn are composed of monomers and which, in addition to the usually terminal isocyanate-reactive end groups, have further functional groups along the main chain.
- Suitable higher molecular weight polyols are poly-ester-poly-ole, poly-acrylate-polyols, poly-urethane-poly-ole, polycarbonate-polyols, poly-ether-polyols, polyester-poly-''-acrylate-polyols, poly-urethane. poly-acrylate-polyols, poly-urethane-poly-ester-polyols, poly-urethane-poly-ether-polyols, poly-urethane-poly-carbonate-polyols and
- Polyester-poly-carbo-nat-polyols, polyether polyamines and polyamidopolyamines particularly preferred are polyester polyols, polyether polyols and polycarbonate polyols, particularly preferred are polyester polyols.
- the suitable polyester polyols are often composed of one or more aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or araliphatic dicarboxylic acids with one or more aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or araliphatic diols and are prepared via a polycondensation process.
- polyester polyols are the known polycondensates of di- and optionally tri - and tetraols and di- and optionally tri- and tetra) carboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids or lactones.
- free polycarboxylic acids it is also possible to use the corresponding polycarboxylic acid anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols for the preparation of the polyesters.
- diols examples include ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, furthermore 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, butanediol (1,3), butanediol (1,4), hexanediol (1,6) and isomers, neopentyl glycol or hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol esters, the latter three compounds being preferred.
- polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, furthermore 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, butanediol (1,3), butanediol (1,4), hexanediol (1,6) and isomers, neopentyl glycol or hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol esters, the latter three compounds being preferred.
- polyols with a functionality of 3 may optionally be used proportionally, for example trimethylolpropane, glycerol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolbenzene or trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate.
- Suitable dicarboxylic acids are, for example, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, malonic acid, suberic acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, succinic acid, 3,3-diethylglutaric acid, 2,2-dimethyl succinate.
- Anhydrides of these acids are also useful, as far as they exist.
- anhydrides are encompassed by the term "acid”.
- Monocarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid and hexanecarboxylic acid may also be used, provided that the average functionality of the polyol is 132.
- Saturated aliphatic or aromatic acids are preferred, such as adipic acid or isophthalic acid.
- trimellitic acid may be mentioned here.
- Hydroxycarboxylic acids which may be co-used as reactants in the preparation of a hydroxyl-terminated polyester polyol include hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid, hydroxystearic acid, and the like.
- Useful lactones include. ⁇ -caprolactone, butyrolactone and homologs.
- polyester polyols b) Preference is given to polyester polyols b) based on butanediol and / or neopentyl glycol and / or hexanediol and / or ethylene glycol and / or diethylene glycol with adipic acid and / or phthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid.
- Particularly preferred are polyester polyols b) based on butanediol and / or neopentyl glycol and / or hexanediol with adipic acid and / or phthal
- polyether polyols e.g. the polyaddition of the styrene oxides, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, butylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, and their Mischadditions- and graft products, as well as by condensation of polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof and obtained by alkoxylation of polyhydric alcohols, amines and amino alcohols obtained polyether polyols.
- Suitable hydroxy-functional polyethers have OH functionalities of from 1.5 to 6.0, preferably from 1.8 to 3.0, OH numbers of from 50 to 700, preferably from 100 to 600 mg KOH / g solids and molecular weights Mn of from 106 to 4 000 g / mol, preferably from 200 to 3500, such as Alkoxylation products of hydroxy-functional starter molecules such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or mixtures of these and other hydroxy-functional compounds with propylene oxide or butylene oxide.
- hydroxy-functional starter molecules such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or mixtures of these
- Preferred polyether component b) are polypropylene oxide polyols and polytetramethylene oxide polyols having a molecular weight of from 300 to 4000 g / mol.
- the particularly low molecular weight polyether polyols can be water-soluble at correspondingly high OH contents.
- water-insoluble polypropylene oxide polyols and polytetramethylene oxide polyols having a molecular weight of 500-3000 g / mol and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred.
- the polycarbonate polyols in question are obtainable by reaction of carbonic acid derivatives, for example diphenyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or phosgene with diols.
- diols are ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediol, 1,3- and 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane, 2 Methyl-l, 3-propanediol, 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-1,3, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycols, bisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, but also lactone-modified diols in question.
- the diol component preferably contains from 40 to 100% by weight of 1,6-hexanediol and / or hexanediol derivatives, preferably those which, in addition to terminal OH groups, contain ether or ester groups, for example products which have been reacted by reacting 1 mol of hexanediol with at least 1 mole, preferably 1 to 2 moles of ⁇ -caprolactone or by etherification of hexanediol with itself to give di- or trihexylenglycol.
- Polyether-polycarbonate polyols can also be used.
- polycarbonate polyols b) based on dimethyl carbonate and hexanediol and / or butanediol and / or ⁇ -caprolactone Preference is given to polycarbonate polyols based on dimethyl carbonate and hexanediol and / or ⁇ -caprolactone. Very particular preference is given to polycarbonate polyols based on dimethyl carbonate and hexanediol and / or ⁇ -caprolactone.
- the hydrophilic prepolymers further contain ionic groups and / or non-ionic, hydrophilic groups in order to ensure adequate dispersion of the resulting polyurethane dispersion in water.
- the ionic groups may be either cationic or anionic in nature.
- Cationic, anionic or nonionic dispersing compounds are those which, for example, sulfonium, ammonium, phosphonium, carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphonate groups or the groups which can be converted into the abovementioned groups by salt formation (potentially ionic groups) or contain polyether groups and can be incorporated by existing isocyanate-reactive groups in the macromolecules.
- the neutralizing agents necessary for salt formation can be added either stoichiometrically or in excess in relation to the salt-forming group.
- organic bases such as tertiary amines or inorganic bases such as alkali metal hydroxides or ammonia are added.
- Tertiary amines such as triethylamine, triethanolamine or dimethylethanolamine are preferably used.
- Preferred suitable isocyanate-reactive groups are hydroxyl and amine groups.
- Suitable ionic or potential ionic compounds are e.g. Mono- and dihydroxycarboxylic acids, dihydrohxydicarboxylic acids, mono- and diaminocarboxylic acids, mono- and dihydroxy-sulfonic acids, mono- and diaminosulfonic acids, and also mono- and dihydroxy-phospho-phonic acids or mono- and diaminophosphonic acids and their Salts such as dimethyl propionic acid, dimethylol butyric acid, hydroxy-pivalic acid, N-aminoethyl) alanine, 2- (2-aminoethylamino) ethane-sulfonic acid, ethylene-diamine-propyl- or butylsulfonic acid, 1, 2- or 1-propylenediamine-ethylenesulfonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, taurine, lysine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid
- ionic or potential ionic compounds are those which have carboxy or carboxylate and / or sulfonate groups and / or ammonium groups.
- Preferred compounds are polyethersulfonate, dimethlyolpropionic acid, tartaric acid and
- Dimethylolbutyric acid particularly preferred are polyethersulfonate and dimethylolpropionic acid.
- suitable nonionically hydrophilicizing compounds are polyoxyalkylene ethers which contain at least one hydroxy or amino group. These polyethers contain from 30% to 100% by weight of building blocks derived from ethylene oxide. In question are linear polyethers of a functionality between 1 and 3, but also compounds of the general formula (I),
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another each denote a divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical having 1 to 18 C atoms, which may be interrupted by oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms, and
- R3 is an alkoxy-terminated polyethylene oxide radical.
- Nonionic hydrophilizing compounds are, for example, monohydric, on average 5 to 70, preferably 7 to 55 ethylene oxide units per molecule having Polyalkylenoxidpolyetheralkohole as they are accessible in a conventional manner by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules (eg in Ul man's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 4th Edition, Volume 19, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim pp. 31-38).
- Suitable starter molecules are, for example, saturated monoalcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, the isomers pentanols, hexanols, octanols and nonanols, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, n-tetradecanol , n-hexadecanol, n-octadecanol, cyclohexanol, the isomeric methylcyclohexanols or hydroxymethylcyclohexane, 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, unsaturated alcohols such as allyl alcohol, 1,1-dimethyl-allyl
- Alkylene oxides suitable for the alkoxylation reaction are, in particular, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, which can be used in any desired order or also as a mixture in the alkoxylation reaction.
- the polyalkylene oxide polyether alcohols are either pure polyethylene oxide polyethers or mixed polyalkylene oxide polyethers whose alkylene oxide units consist of at least 30 mol%, preferably at least 40 mol%, of ethylene oxide units.
- Preferred nonionic compounds are monofunctional mixed polyalkylene oxide polyethers which have at least 40 mol% of ethylene oxide and not more than 60 mol% of propylene oxide units.
- the molar ratio of NCO to isocyanate-reactive groups may vary from 1.05 to 4.00, preferably from 1.2 to 3.0, particularly preferably from 1.4 to 2.5.
- the prepolymers are prepared by initially charging the corresponding polyol or a mixture of different polyols in a reaction vessel and then adding the polyisocyanate or the mixture of polyisocyanates at elevated temperature. If mixtures of polyols and / or polyisocyanates are used, then the individual reactants can also be added at different times in order to achieve a specific structure of the prepolymer.
- the reaction may be carried out either in the melt or in suitable inert solvents such as acetone or butanone.
- the reaction temperature is between 50 ° C and 130 ° C and the reaction time is 1 h - 24 h.
- the urethanization reaction can be accelerated by using suitable catalysts. These are known to the expert catalysts such. As triethylamine, l, 4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane, tin dioctoate, dibutyltin dilaurate or bismuth dioctoate, which are submitted with or added later. Preference is given to dibutyltin dilaurate.
- the reaction is usually terminated when The NCO content no longer changes, a reaction control is usually carried out by titration.
- the prepolymer dissolved in a suitable solvent.
- low-viscosity prepolymers or prepolymer solutions are those systems whose viscosity is at a shear rate of 40 s-1 ⁇ 104 mPas.
- the prepolymer solution preferably has a solids content of> 40% and acetone is preferred as the solvent.
- the crude dispersion was prepared as follows: In a polymerization reactor, a polyester polyol and other polyols having a molar mass ⁇ 400 g / mol were introduced and heated to 70 ° C. Thereafter, a polyisocyanate mixture was metered into the meter and the internal temperature of the reactor was raised to 100.degree. The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 ° C until the theoretical NCO value of 4.47 wt% was reached. Thereafter, the resulting isocyanate-functional prepolymer was cooled to 60 ° C and dissolved in acetone.
- the prepolymer solution was transferred to the distillation reactor and at 40 ° C, the aqueous solution of a mixture of the sodium salt of aminoethylaminoethanesulfonic acid with hydrazine supplied to the chain extension with stirring Rlick and then another 15 min. stirred. Finally, the dispersion was carried out with water.
- the slightly milky raw polyurethane dispersion had a pH of 6.9 and a solids content of 23.8% by weight.
- the crude dispersion was heated to 40 ° C. in a distillation reactor. Subsequently, a vacuum was applied, which was gradually lowered to 120 mbar. After reaching 120 mbar, the bottom temperature rose as well as the Brüdentemperatur continuously. When reaching a Brüdentemperatur of 48.5 ° C, the acetone content of the dispersion was below 1 wt .-% and the distillation was stopped.
- the content of ketazine at the distillation end was 1100 ppm.
- the crude dispersion was heated to 40 ° C. in a distillation reactor. Subsequently, a vacuum was applied, which was gradually lowered to 120 mbar. After reaching 120 mbar, the bottom temperature rose as well as the Brüdentemperatur continuously. After reaching a Brüdentemperatur of 48.5 ° C, the bottom temperature was increased over a period of two hours at an unchanged pressure of 120 mbar to 51 ° C.
- the content of ketazine was 65 ppm.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
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Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16176762.9A EP3263627B1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2016-06-28 | Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen |
PCT/EP2017/065880 WO2018002067A1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-27 | Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen |
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EP3475344A1 true EP3475344A1 (de) | 2019-05-01 |
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EP16176762.9A Active EP3263627B1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2016-06-28 | Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen |
EP17733818.3A Withdrawn EP3475344A1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-27 | Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16176762.9A Active EP3263627B1 (de) | 2016-06-28 | 2016-06-28 | Destillative abtrennung von ketazin aus polyurethandispersionen |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11511211B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP3263627B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7098540B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102422483B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN109312078B (de) |
ES (1) | ES2828359T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TWI758299B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018002067A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2446440C3 (de) | 1974-09-28 | 1981-04-30 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wäßrigen Dispersionen von Sulfonatgruppen aufweisenden Polyurethanen |
DE19750186A1 (de) | 1997-11-13 | 1999-05-20 | Bayer Ag | Hydrophilierungsmittel, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung als Dispergator für wäßrige Polyurethan-Dispersionen |
DE10138765A1 (de) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-20 | Bayer Ag | Wässrige Dispersionen hydrophiler Polyurethanharze |
DE10254119A1 (de) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-18 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Extraktion von Ketazinlösungen |
ES2666893T3 (es) * | 2005-02-07 | 2018-05-08 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Dispersiones acuosas de composiciones de poliuretano |
DE102005019397A1 (de) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Polyurethan-Dispersionen mit verbesserten Verfilmungseigenschaften |
WO2006129804A1 (ja) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | 水性樹脂分散体及びその製造方法、塗料、並びに積層体 |
DE102006002156A1 (de) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-19 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Polyurethan-Polyharnstoff-Dispersionen auf Basis von Polyether-Polycarbonat-Polyolen |
CN101565494B (zh) | 2009-06-05 | 2011-07-20 | 天津博苑高新材料有限公司 | 水性阳离子聚氨酯热熔胶预聚体及其乳液的生产方法 |
EP2377895A1 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-19 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Wässrige Polyurethanpolyharnstoff-Dispersionen |
JP5614105B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-28 | 2014-10-29 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | ケタジン及び水加ヒドラジンの製造方法 |
EP2632965B1 (de) * | 2010-10-29 | 2017-04-26 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Wässrige kationische polyurethandispersionen |
CN102070768B (zh) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-10-03 | 安徽好思家涂料有限公司 | 一种木器漆用水性聚氨酯及其制备方法 |
WO2014128031A1 (de) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von wässrigen polyurethanzubereitungen |
JP6164456B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2017-07-19 | Dic株式会社 | ウレタン樹脂組成物、プライマー、積層体及び画像表示装置 |
CN105399067B (zh) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-12-15 | 宜宾海丰和锐有限公司 | 一种提高酮连氮法水合肼蒸馏过程中酮连氮收率的方法 |
CN105347319B (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-09-26 | 宜宾海丰和锐有限公司 | 一种去除酮连氮法水合肼有机杂质的方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-06-28 ES ES16176762T patent/ES2828359T3/es active Active
- 2016-06-28 EP EP16176762.9A patent/EP3263627B1/de active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-26 TW TW106121208A patent/TWI758299B/zh active
- 2017-06-27 US US16/311,010 patent/US11511211B2/en active Active
- 2017-06-27 WO PCT/EP2017/065880 patent/WO2018002067A1/de unknown
- 2017-06-27 CN CN201780039742.7A patent/CN109312078B/zh active Active
- 2017-06-27 KR KR1020187037433A patent/KR102422483B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-06-27 EP EP17733818.3A patent/EP3475344A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-06-27 JP JP2018567874A patent/JP7098540B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3263627B1 (de) | 2020-08-12 |
JP2019519654A (ja) | 2019-07-11 |
JP7098540B2 (ja) | 2022-07-11 |
ES2828359T3 (es) | 2021-05-26 |
EP3263627A1 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
CN109312078B (zh) | 2022-03-01 |
TW201819478A (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
TWI758299B (zh) | 2022-03-21 |
KR20190022555A (ko) | 2019-03-06 |
US20200306660A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
KR102422483B1 (ko) | 2022-07-20 |
US11511211B2 (en) | 2022-11-29 |
WO2018002067A1 (de) | 2018-01-04 |
CN109312078A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
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