EP3456879B1 - Dispositif de compactage du sol - Google Patents

Dispositif de compactage du sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3456879B1
EP3456879B1 EP18190928.4A EP18190928A EP3456879B1 EP 3456879 B1 EP3456879 B1 EP 3456879B1 EP 18190928 A EP18190928 A EP 18190928A EP 3456879 B1 EP3456879 B1 EP 3456879B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vibration plate
motor
vibration
electric motor
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18190928.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3456879A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Steffen
Walter Unverdorben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP3456879A1 publication Critical patent/EP3456879A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • E02D3/074—Vibrating apparatus operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/30—Tamping or vibrating apparatus other than rollers ; Devices for ramming individual paving elements
    • E01C19/34—Power-driven rammers or tampers, e.g. air-hammer impacted shoes for ramming stone-sett paving; Hand-actuated ramming or tamping machines, e.g. tampers with manually hoisted dropping weight
    • E01C19/38—Power-driven rammers or tampers, e.g. air-hammer impacted shoes for ramming stone-sett paving; Hand-actuated ramming or tamping machines, e.g. tampers with manually hoisted dropping weight with means specifically for generating vibrations, e.g. vibrating plate compactors, immersion vibrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration plate for soil compaction, with an upper mass and a lower mass, which is elastically coupled to the upper mass, with a vibration exciter device.
  • vibration plates are already well known and are used to compact loose ground in construction. For example, when backfilling construction pits or backing up sand and gravel, the material must be compacted in order to create the necessary load-bearing capacity. Only then can a final tar layer or plaster be applied.
  • Vibration plates have proven themselves because they are available in different sizes and weight classes, so that a suitable machine is available for the respective application.
  • rollers can also be used, but due to their size and the associated increased transport costs, they are only used for larger areas.
  • Vibratory plates are usually driven by internal combustion engines.
  • the internal combustion engine is arranged on the upper mass.
  • the driving force of the motor is transmitted from the upper mass by means of a belt drive or via a hydraulic connection to a vibration exciter, which is arranged on the lower mass.
  • the transmission of the drive force by means of belts or hydraulic lines often leads to problems due to the elastic coupling between the upper and lower mass and requires at least regular maintenance and control.
  • the internal combustion engine is maintenance-sensitive and generates harmful exhaust gases to which the operator is exposed in poorly ventilated construction site areas, such as a ditch.
  • a plate vibrator with an electric drive is known.
  • An electricity storage device is mounted on the upper mass of the plate vibrator.
  • a vibration exciter is arranged on the lower mass and has an electric drive motor.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a vibration plate which reduces the disadvantages of the known vibration plates and has a simple and low-maintenance design.
  • a vibration plate for soil compaction comprises an upper mass on which at least one energy storage element is arranged.
  • the upper mass is elastically coupled to a lower mass which has at least one ground contact plate and a vibration exciter device which acts on the lower mass.
  • the vibration exciter device has at least one electric motor which rotatably drives at least one rotatably mounted unbalanced mass and which can be driven by means of the electrical energy of the at least one energy storage element.
  • Such a vibration plate does not generate any harmful exhaust gases due to the use of electrical energy as the driving force.
  • the motor which provides the drive force for the unbalanced mass, is arranged on the lower mass, so that no mechanical or hydraulic energy has to be transferred from the upper mass to the lower mass.
  • a shaft of the electric motor can extend transversely to a longitudinal axis of the vibration plate. This arrangement is advantageous for driving the unbalanced masses. There is no need to redirect the rotation.
  • the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate is defined on the basis of the direction of advance of the vibration plate. During operation, the vibrating plate moves in a forward direction with the front end of the vibrating plate in front, while the operator guides the vibrating plate on a handle at the rear end of the vibrating plate. The longitudinal axis extends centrally from the front end of the vibrating plate to the rear end of the vibrating plate.
  • the vibration exciter device can have an electric motor with two unbalanced masses, the electric motor being arranged axially between the two unbalanced masses.
  • the unbalanced masses are rotatably connected to the shaft of the electric motor. With the central arrangement of the motor between the unbalanced masses, an even weight distribution on the lower mass is achieved. In addition, the storage of the two unbalanced masses and the motor shaft is also made easier
  • the at least one electric motor is designed as a brushless electric motor, in particular as an electric motor of the BLDC motor, SR motor or asynchronous motor types.
  • So-called BLDC motors are also under the names Brushless DC motor or brushless DC motor known.
  • SR motors are also known under the term reluctance motors. All these motors are characterized by their brushless design and thus their essentially maintenance-free and wear-free operation. The motors work reliably for a long time and can also be used in the rough everyday work on the construction site.
  • the vibration exciter device has at least two electric motors each with associated unbalanced masses, the electric motors together with the associated unbalanced masses being arranged spatially separated from one another on the lower mass.
  • the use of two electric motors with their respective unbalanced masses improves the movement behavior of the vibration plate.
  • the vibration plate is more comfortable for the operator to operate than when only using an electric motor with the associated unbalanced mass.
  • the at least two electric motors can be arranged in a staggered manner along the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate. This type of arrangement distributes the drive force of the unbalanced masses more evenly on the vibrating plate and leads to a better compaction result.
  • the vibration plate has an electronic control which controls and / or regulates the direction of rotation and the rotational speed of the at least one electric motor.
  • the monitoring of the energy store such as a so-called battery management system, can also be integrated in the electronic control.
  • the electronic controller can be designed to control and / or regulate the direction of rotation and / or the rotational speed of at least two electric motors and to set them independently of one another.
  • independent control of the two motors can result in advantageous movement properties of the vibration plate.
  • reverse travel of the vibration plate can thus be set if the electric motors are set in such a way that the resulting force vectors of the respective unbalanced masses cause reverse travel.
  • static vibration can also be set, or a variation of the advance speed.
  • the electronic control is arranged on the lower mass.
  • the electrical connections between the controller and the electric motor (s) are very short. This improves the response time of the electric motors or the motor. Since the motors, as a rule, rotate very quickly during operation and in particular Brushless electric motors require very fast control or regulation commands, the spatially close arrangement of the individual components has advantages.
  • the energy storage element is arranged decoupled from vibrations on the upper mass.
  • the lower mass is connected to the upper mass in a sprung manner. Nevertheless, the upper mass and thus also the energy storage element are exposed to vibrations.
  • the service life of the energy storage element can be extended if the vibrations are kept from it as best as possible. Vibration decoupling can be achieved, for example, by arranging rubber buffers between the energy storage unit and the upper mass.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic side view of a variant of the vibration plate (1) according to the invention with an upper mass (2) and a lower mass (5).
  • the upper mass (2) comprises a support frame (11) which is connected to a support plate (12). Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the upper mass comprises at least one energy storage element (3) and an electronic controller (10), which are arranged on the support frame (11). Furthermore, the upper mass (2) comprises an irrigation device (14) and a guide bracket or drawbar (13) by means of which an operator can control the vibration plate.
  • At least one control element is arranged on the drawbar (13), by means of which an operator can control and / or regulate the function of the vibration plate, i.e. in particular can switch the vibration plate on and off.
  • the drawbar (13) is arranged on the upper mass (2) in a vibration-decoupled manner, so that harmful vibrations are only transmitted to the drawbar and thus to an operator in a reduced manner.
  • the irrigation device (14) comprises a container for holding water which, when the vibration plate is in operation, can be dispensed from a controlled, closable and openable outlet onto the soil to be compacted. This is particularly advantageous when compacting tar, in order to prevent the vibration plate from sticking to the tar.
  • the upper mass is connected to the lower mass (5) by means of damping elements (15).
  • the lower mass (5) comprises a soil contact plate (4) on which the vibration plate (1) moves over the soil to be compacted and acts on it.
  • the lower mass (5) comprises a vibration exciter device (6) which generates mechanical vibrations and transmits them to the ground contact plate (4) to which it is connected.
  • the energy storage element (3) is arranged on the upper mass (2) in a vibration-damped manner.
  • the energy storage element (3) is arranged on a holder (16) which is connected to the upper mass (2) in a vibration-damped manner.
  • the energy storage element (3) can also be in contact with the upper mass by means of vibration dampers such as rubber buffers.
  • the electronic control (10) can also be arranged on the upper mass (2) in a vibration-damped manner, for example by also being arranged on the holder (16).
  • the electronic control (10) is used to control and / or regulate the vibration exciter device (6).
  • the electronic control (10) is designed to influence and adjust the electric motor (7) of the vibration exciter device (6), i.e. in particular to adjust and vary its speed and direction of rotation. If an embodiment according to the invention provides a vibration exciter device (6) with several electric motors, the electronic control (10) is designed to set and influence the respective electric motors (7) independently of one another. In a variant, it is also possible to control one or more electric motors (7) as a function of the state of one or more other electric motors (7). For example, the speed and / or direction of rotation of a first electric motor (7) can serve as a reference for a further electric motor (7), on the basis of which the further electric motor (7) is then set.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary vibration exciter device (6).
  • the vibration exciter device (6) comprises an electric motor (7) by means of which at least one
  • Unbalance mass (8) can be set in rotation.
  • the unbalanced mass (8) is preferably connected to the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7).
  • the electric motor (7) is preferably arranged between two unbalanced masses (8) so that it is positioned centrally and axially between the unbalanced masses (8).
  • the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) can be led out of the motor housing on both sides of the electric motor.
  • the unbalanced masses (8) can be attached to the two ends of the motor shaft.
  • the motor shaft (9) can also be designed in such a way that the unbalanced masses (8) are an integral part of the motor shaft (9).
  • This variant makes it possible for two electric motors to be axially aligned with one another, the motor shafts (9) of the electric motors (7) being led out of the motor housings on the opposite sides facing away from the motors, with an unbalanced mass ( 8) is arranged.
  • the electric motors can be controlled independently of one another and, by means of different directions of rotation and / or speed, apply different centrifugal forces to the lower mass, which enables different driving maneuvers.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is mechanically self-sufficient in terms of drive from the upper mass (2), i.e. the vibration exciter device is only supplied with electrical energy.
  • the electric motor (7) generates the mechanical force from the electrical energy to drive the unbalanced mass (s) (8). This means that the vibration exciter device is only supplied with electrical energy and it is not connected to the upper mass by means of a belt drive or a hydraulic system.
  • the electric motor (7) is connected to the upper mass with an electrical cable, which is not shown in the figures.
  • FIG 3 shows a highly schematic plan view of a ground contact plate (4) with a vibration exciter device (6).
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged on the ground contact plate (4) and is firmly connected to it.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction, ie in the middle of the ground contact plate (4), the motor shaft running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibration plate.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged in a front half of the ground contact plate (4). This positioning gives the vibrating plate (1) the best movement properties.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is particularly preferably arranged in a front third of the ground contact plate (4).
  • the vibration plate (1) can move when using a
  • Figure 4 shows a variant of the vibration plate (1) with two electric motors (7) or unbalance exciters.
  • a first electric motor (7) is arranged in a first half of the soil contact plate (4) and a second electric motor (7) in a second half of the soil contact plate (4).
  • the use of two electric motors (7) leads to an improved compaction performance and a more uniform movement behavior of the vibrating plate (1).
  • the motor shafts (9) of the two electric motors (7) are aligned parallel to one another and run transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate.
  • a vibrating plate (1) of this type can not only move forwards but also backwards and shake while standing.
  • the basic technical principles for this are known from the prior art, which is why they will not be discussed in more detail.
  • either forward travel, reverse travel or static vibration can be set.
  • the speed of movement can be continuously adjusted between a maximum forward speed and a maximum reverse speed. This is achieved by means of the electronic control, which can control and set the electric motors (7) independently of one another.
  • the vibration plate (1) moves towards the operator, i.e. in the direction of the end of the vibration plate on which the guide bracket (13) is arranged.
  • FIG. 5 Another variant is in Figure 5 shown, in addition to the two electric motors (7) as in Figure 4 at least one further electric motor (7) is also arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • Two electric motors (7) with motor shafts (9) are arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1) and at least one further electric motor (7) with the motor shaft longitudinally, ie arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • two electric motors (7) are aligned with the motor shafts parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the vibrating plate (1) By means of this arrangement it is possible to design the vibrating plate (1) so that it is directionally controllable. If direction control is used in the following, rotation of the vibration plate (1) around the vertical axis is meant. In this case, the vibration plate (1) can be controlled not only forwards and backwards, but also to the left and right, for example. For this purpose, the directions of rotation and speeds of the electric motors (7) aligned along the longitudinal axis are adjusted to the operator's desire to drive, so that corresponding centrifugal forces are generated that move the vibration plate (1) in the desired direction.
  • the electronic control is designed accordingly to control the respective number of electric motors (7) individually and independently of one another.
  • FIG. 6 Another possibility for controlling the direction of a vibration plate (1) results from the design of the variant as shown in Figure 6 is shown.
  • three electric motors (7) are arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • Two electric motors (7) are axially aligned with one another. If a higher centrifugal force, ie speed, is set in one of the axially aligned electric motors (7) than in the other axially aligned electric motor (7), the vibration plate moves in its direction. If both axially aligned electric motors (7) run in the same direction of rotation and at the same speed, forward travel results.
  • FIG. 7 Another possibility for controlling the direction of a vibration plate (1) results from the design of the variant as shown in Figure 7 is shown.
  • three electric motors (7) are arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • Two electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to one another. That is, the motor axes (17) of the electric motors (7) formed by the motor shafts (9) intersect.
  • a directional control is also available with the construction according to Figure 8 possible.
  • four electric motors (7) are arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • Two electric motors (7) are each axially aligned with one another.
  • Two more electric motors (7) are staggered in front of or behind them and are axially aligned with one another.
  • the rotary movement can be increased by turning the two electric motors (7) to the other side of the longitudinal axis in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 8 Alternatively to the construction according to Figure 8 is also an arrangement of the electric motors (7) as in Figure 9 shown possible.
  • the electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to one another in such a way that the motor axis (17) of one electric motor (7) intersects with the motor axes (17) of two other electric motors (7).
  • the electric motors are therefore all arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1), ie arranged in such a way that the motor axes (17) of all electric motors intersect with the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1).
  • the point of intersection of the motor axes (17) of two electric motors (7) preferably lies on the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1).
  • the arrangement can be chosen so that at least two of the electric motors (7) are arranged in a mirror image to the longitudinal axis.
  • Four electric motors (7) are preferably arranged in mirror image to the longitudinal axis.
  • Such an arrangement offers advantages with regard to the straight running of the vibration plate and also improves the steerability, i.e. the rotation around the vertical axis.
  • FIG. 10 Another variant for the construction of a vibration plate according to the invention is shown in Figure 10 shown.
  • the energy storage element (3) is formed therein from a multiplicity of individual accumulators which are arranged on the upper mass (2) and interconnected with one another.
  • An electronic controller (10) is provided to control the motor or motors.
  • the electronic control (10) is arranged on the upper mass (2).
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is constructed with just one electric motor (7) which drives two unbalanced masses (8).
  • the energy storage element in general, it is possible, i.e. regardless of the embodiments presented, to form the energy storage element from individual battery cells.
  • the battery cells can be replaced individually.
  • the charging module can be structurally integrated with the electronic control.

Claims (9)

  1. Plaque vibrante (1) destinée au compactage du sol, avec
    une masse supérieure (2) sur laquelle est disposé au moins un élément accumulateur d'énergie (3),
    une masse inférieure (5) couplée élastiquement à la masse supérieure (2) et comportant au moins une plaque de contact (4) avec le sol, et avec
    un dispositif générateur de vibrations (6) alimentant la plaque de contact (4) avec le sol,
    le dispositif générateur de vibrations (6) étant disposé sur la masse inférieure (5) et comportant au moins un moteur électrique (7) qui entraîne en rotation au moins une masse de balourd (8) supportée de façon rotative et qui peut être entraîné au moyen de l'énergie électrique de l'au moins un élément accumulateur d'énergie (3) ;
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément accumulateur d'énergie (3) est disposé sur la masse supérieure (2) de façon découplée en vibration.
  2. Plaque vibrante (1) selon la revendication 1,
    un arbre (9) du moteur électrique (7) s'étendant transversalement à un axe longitudinal de la plaque vibrante.
  3. Plaque vibrante (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    le dispositif générateur de vibrations (6) comportant un moteur électrique (7) avec deux masses de balourd (8), le moteur électrique (7) étant disposé axialement entre les deux masses de balourd (8).
  4. Plaque vibrante (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    l'au moins un moteur électrique (7) étant un moteur électrique (7) sans balais, en particulier un moteur BLDC, un moteur SR ou un moteur asynchrone.
  5. Plaque vibrante (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    le dispositif générateur de vibrations (6) comportant au moins deux moteurs électriques (7) avec des masses de balourd (8) affectées respectivement, les moteurs électriques (7) avec les masses de balourd (8) correspondantes étant disposés sur la masse inférieure (8) de façon séparée spatialement les uns des autres.
  6. Plaque vibrante (1) selon la revendication 5,
    les au moins deux moteurs électriques (7) étant disposés de façon échelonnée le long d'un axe longitudinal de la plaque vibrante.
  7. Plaque vibrante (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    la plaque vibrante comportant une commande (10) électronique qui commande et/ou qui régule le sens de rotation et/ou la vitesse de rotation de l'au moins un moteur électrique (7).
  8. Plaque vibrante (1) selon la revendication 7,
    la commande (10) électronique étant conçue pour commander et/ou pour réguler le sens de rotation et la vitesse de rotation d'au moins deux moteurs électriques (7) et pour les régler indépendamment l'un de l'autre.
  9. Plaque vibrante (1) selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8,
    la commande (10) électronique étant disposée sur la masse inférieure (5).
EP18190928.4A 2017-09-13 2018-08-27 Dispositif de compactage du sol Active EP3456879B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017121177.2A DE102017121177A1 (de) 2017-09-13 2017-09-13 Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3456879A1 EP3456879A1 (fr) 2019-03-20
EP3456879B1 true EP3456879B1 (fr) 2021-05-19

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18190928.4A Active EP3456879B1 (fr) 2017-09-13 2018-08-27 Dispositif de compactage du sol

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10344439B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3456879B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109487779B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017121177A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2883654T3 (fr)

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EP4269696A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-01 Ammann Schweiz AG Dispositif de compactage du sol
DE202022002915U1 (de) 2022-04-29 2024-01-15 Ammann Schweiz Ag Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung

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DE102020102949A1 (de) 2020-02-05 2021-08-05 Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH & Co. KG Vibrationsplatte mit Elektroantrieb
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JP7228910B2 (ja) * 2020-08-19 2023-02-27 三笠産業株式会社 振動締固め機
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4269696A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-01 Ammann Schweiz AG Dispositif de compactage du sol
DE102022110562A1 (de) 2022-04-29 2023-11-02 Ammann Schweiz Ag Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung
DE202022002915U1 (de) 2022-04-29 2024-01-15 Ammann Schweiz Ag Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung
DE102022110562B4 (de) 2022-04-29 2024-02-15 Ammann Schweiz Ag Bodenverdichtungsvorrichtung

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CN109487779A (zh) 2019-03-19
ES2883654T3 (es) 2021-12-09
US20190078282A1 (en) 2019-03-14
CN109487779B (zh) 2022-01-07
US10344439B2 (en) 2019-07-09
EP3456879A1 (fr) 2019-03-20
DE102017121177A1 (de) 2019-03-28

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