EP3446786B1 - Shredding device for shredding material - Google Patents

Shredding device for shredding material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3446786B1
EP3446786B1 EP17187514.9A EP17187514A EP3446786B1 EP 3446786 B1 EP3446786 B1 EP 3446786B1 EP 17187514 A EP17187514 A EP 17187514A EP 3446786 B1 EP3446786 B1 EP 3446786B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feed device
feed
loop
measuring device
shredding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17187514.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3446786A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan PISCHON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Untha Shredding Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Untha Shredding Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP17187514.9A priority Critical patent/EP3446786B1/en
Priority to DK17187514.9T priority patent/DK3446786T3/en
Priority to PT171875149T priority patent/PT3446786T/en
Priority to PL17187514T priority patent/PL3446786T3/en
Priority to SI201730166T priority patent/SI3446786T1/en
Priority to ES17187514T priority patent/ES2767682T3/en
Application filed by Untha Shredding Technology GmbH filed Critical Untha Shredding Technology GmbH
Priority to CA3073630A priority patent/CA3073630C/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/072422 priority patent/WO2019038227A1/en
Publication of EP3446786A1 publication Critical patent/EP3446786A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3446786B1 publication Critical patent/EP3446786B1/en
Priority to US16/794,352 priority patent/US11446676B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2233—Feed means of ram or pusher type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/02—Feeding devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/164—Prevention of jamming and/or overload
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a comminution device for comminuting material, in particular valuable materials, waste wood and data carriers, comprising a machine frame, at least one comminution rotor rotatably mounted on the machine frame and at least one feed device with which the material to be comminuted can be conveyed to the at least one comminuting rotor.
  • the invention further relates to methods for operating such a comminution device.
  • the at least one feeding device is movable between a first end position and a second end position.
  • an inductive sensor is arranged at the two end positions, which detects whether the supply device is in one of the two end positions. If the feeding device is to be moved into a specific position deviating from the end positions, this is only possible by means of a switching interval, ie by an adjustable time in which the slide is moved to a position which presumably corresponds to the desired position. Whether the feeder actually reaches the desired position is uncontrollable. This is for example disadvantageous if the feeder is to be moved to a specific position for maintenance purposes. Also, the removal rate of the material can not be determined.
  • malfunctions that occur between the two end positions can neither be detected nor remedied by control technology.
  • the malfunctions include, for example, a reduced throughput, which occurs in certain materials to be crushed or in an insufficient cutting function of the cutting system, and is colloquially referred to as "free cutting".
  • This free cutting leads to an undesirable heating of the crushing rotor and / or the material to be crushed, which partially begins to melt, burn or char. There is a risk of fire for the end user.
  • Another malfunction is jamming of the feeder.
  • document US2016 / 288133A1 relates to a device for comminuting material according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • crushing devices in which the at least one feeding device is not movable between two end positions, but in a circle.
  • the invention also relates to such crushing devices.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a comparison with the prior art improved crushing device, which in particular at least partially, preferably completely eliminates the problems mentioned and allows full control technology control at least the movement of the at least one feeder. Furthermore, an improved method for operating such a crusher is to be specified.
  • At least one measuring device is provided for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device, a control and / or regulating device at least for controlling and / or regulating the movement of the at least one feed device and a signal transmission device which measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device can be fed to the control and / or regulating device.
  • a measuring device for the continuous detection of the position of the at least one feeding device is to be understood as a measuring device which is adapted to measure the position of the at least one feeding device continuously, ie at a multiplicity of successive points - in contrast to the prior art in which a measurement of the position of the at least one feeding device is possible only at individual points.
  • a detection of the at least one feeding device can be provided at two end positions, and that is when the at least one Feeding device between a first end position and a second end position is movable, and the at least one measuring device is adapted to continuously detect the position of the at least one feeding device between the two end positions, as provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • At least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device for moving the at least one supply device, wherein the at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device has at least one supply line and at least one discharge for a hydraulic fluid, and wherein the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one supply device is adapted to measure the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the supply and / or discharge.
  • the at least one supply device can alternatively or additionally also be driven electrically or pneumatically.
  • the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one feed device can be designed as a path measuring device, preferably wherein the path measuring device comprises a cable pull potentiometer.
  • the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one feed device is adapted to measure a swivel angle of the at least one feed device, preferably wherein the at least one measuring device comprises a rotary encoder, and / or the at least one feed device is pivotally mounted on the machine frame and the measuring device is adapted to measure a rotation angle of the at least one feed device.
  • the measurement of a rotation angle does not necessarily require that the at least one supply device is pivotally mounted on the machine frame. It is also possible, for example, that the at least one feed device is designed as a linear slide and can be driven by means of a chain, the chain being in engagement with a toothed wheel, wherein the angle of rotation of the toothed wheel can be measured.
  • the type and shape of the at least one feeder is not critical. It can be an arcuately arranged as well as a linearly arranged feed unit.
  • the at least one feed device is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device, which is at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device via at least one supply line and at least one Derivative supplied with a hydraulic fluid, and the at least one measuring device measures the volume flow of hydraulic fluid in the supply and / or discharge.
  • the at least one measuring device measures a distance traveled by the at least one feed device, preferably relative to at least one end position.
  • the at least one measuring device measures a rotational angle, preferably wherein the at least one feeding device is moved between two end positions, thereby performing a pivoting movement and the at least one measuring device measures a rotational angle of the at least one feeding device.
  • the position detection of the at least one feed device between the two end positions forms the basis for a number of advantageous operating modes of the comminution device. For example, it is possible to move the at least one feeding device into an exactly predetermined position for maintenance purposes. This may be particularly relevant, for example, if a maintenance flap is provided, and the at least one feed device has to occupy a specific position relative to this maintenance flap so that the maintenance flap can even open or a specific maintenance task can be performed.
  • a speed of the at least one feed device is determined by the control and / or regulating device on the basis of the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device.
  • the speed of the at least one feed device can subsequently be used to determine a removal rate of the material.
  • the determined speed is compared with a desired speed, preferably for the case in which the at least one feed device is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device, if the determined speed deviates from the setpoint speed.
  • Speed is adjusted to a spool deflection.
  • a proportional valve for controlling the at least one feed device is used in the machine hydraulics.
  • a proportional valve By means of a proportional valve, it is possible to steer the speed of the at least one feed device steplessly from 0% to 100%.
  • this can be regulated, i. if the theoretical speed is not reached, the spool displacement can be changed until the theoretical speed coincides with the determined speed.
  • the spool is deflected only as far as the material to be crushed it pretends, with the result that the power absorbed in the unit is reduced and the oil warming decreases, which in turn contributes to a reduction in the energy consumed.
  • the spool displacement is 100% of the maximum flow delivered by the hydraulic pump.
  • the excess oil volume is returned via a bypass back into the tank and re-introduced into the circulation.
  • the predetermined threshold may be derived from the design of the cutting system, i. the number of rows of knives, the maximum possible chip thickness and the prevailing speed are determined. From the parameters mentioned follows how much material per revolution or per unit time can be removed.
  • control and / or regulating device can actively counteract an inefficiency of the cutting system and in the case of a "free cutting” prevent additional heating of the at least one comminution rotor and relieve the at least one feed device.
  • the stated cleaning procedure can advantageously be carried out in detail as follows:
  • the cutting mechanism is first deactivated, i. de-energized, and runs out.
  • the direction of rotation of the at least one comminuting rotor is reversed, the at least one feeder moves to a rearward position, retrieves material and actively transports it towards the at least one comminuting rotor.
  • the material adhering to the at least one comminution rotor is brought into an undefined new position by the counterrotation of the at least one comminuting rotor.
  • the duration of the rotor cleaning is material-dependent and advantageously adjustable via the control and / or regulating device.
  • control and / or regulating device changes the position of an end position of the at least one feed device.
  • the possibility of electronically limiting the maximum possible stroke of the at least one feed device is provided by the position detection of the at least one feed device.
  • the at least one feed device comprises e.g. a maximum possible stroke of about 1100mm from the front to the rearmost end position and is comminuted in the crushing material, which does not require a stroke of 1100mm, it can be reduced by an electronic limit the stroke, for example to 50%.
  • the essential control parameters remain untouched.
  • the electronic limitation increases the throughput, since the dead time for the unneeded stroke is eliminated and the cycle time decreases. This offers the customer the ability to react material-specific, without having to make mechanical adjustments to the crushing device, such as a time-consuming adjustment of sensors. This provides an increased throughput with respect to the running time of the comminution device.
  • control and / or regulating device determines a change in the distance covered by the at least one feed device based on the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device, preferably wherein the distance change is compared with at least one predetermined threshold value and in the case reaching the at least one threshold value, the direction of movement of the at least one feed device is reversed.
  • jamming of the at least one feed device by material can be detected automatically at an early stage: If the at least one feed unit is in active operation, a path change is registered via the control and / or regulating device. If the value falls below a defined threshold value and the motor current drops below a certain threshold value, there is a free cutting. A retraction movement of the at least one feed device is automatically carried out. If there is no change in the position or distance of the at least one feed device, then this is the case This is a clear indication that the at least one feeding device is jammed. This automatic detection of jamming is not possible in the prior art.
  • control and / or regulating device transmits a malfunction detected by it on the basis of the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device to at least one display device, preferably wherein the at least one display device comprises a screen. In this way, the malfunction is instantly recognizable to an end user.
  • a transfer to the at least one display device takes place when after a repeatedly activated cleaning procedure for the at least one comminution rotor no improvement in the feed rate or the removal rate is determined.
  • FIG. 1 shows a crushing device 1, with a machine frame 2.
  • the machine frame 2 a skeleton, a supporting device, via which the crushing device 1 is supported on the ground, walls and panels to the outside.
  • Material to be comminuted is fed to the comminuting device 1 via a material feed space 20. Furthermore, a feed device 4 is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 22 on the side walls of the crushing device 1. This conveys the material to be crushed further to a crushing rotor 3 (in the FIG. 1 not to be seen).
  • the feed device 4 comprises a slider 24 with a Nachdrück design 33.
  • the slider 24 may be formed, for example, in cross-section substantially wedge-shaped.
  • the slider 24 is connected via two spaced-apart lever 23 with a pivot point 34.
  • a linearly adjustable feeding device can also be used.
  • the slider 24 or the feeding device 4 moves along a wall portion 21, between a first end position 5 and a second end position 6, wherein the first end position 5 is adjacent to a crushing rotor 3 and the second end position 6 is spaced therefrom.
  • the slider 24 and the feeding device 4 take any position between these two end positions 5 and 6.
  • the thereby traversed positions are indicated by a dash-dotted line 35.
  • the Movement directions of the slider 24 and the feeding device 4 are indicated by a double arrow 18.
  • the feeding device 4 is driven by two hydraulic piston-cylinder devices 15, each comprising a cylinder 29 and a piston movable therein with a piston rod 30.
  • the cylinder 29 is fixed to the machine frame 2.
  • the piston rod 30 is pivotally connected via an intermediate lever 25 to the lever arm 23.
  • a reverse configuration may be used in which the piston rod 30 is fixed to the machine frame 2 and the cylinder 29 acts on the intermediate lever 25.
  • the piston-cylinder device 15 and the intermediate lever 25 are each arranged in a side wall of the crushing device 1.
  • the intermediate lever 25 is rotatably connected to the lever arm 23.
  • the material supplied by the feed device 4 to the comminution rotor 3 is comminuted by cutting devices arranged on the shell of the comminution rotor 3 and stationary counterblades 26, until the material has a certain degree of comminution, which can be adjusted via a screening device 27 is. About the screening device 27, the crushed material passes to the outside and can be removed for example via conveyor belts.
  • the crushing rotor 3 is rotatably mounted about a pivot point 36 on the machine frame 2.
  • the directions of rotation are identified by the reference numeral 17 and a double arrow.
  • the presence of the feeder 4 in one of the two end positions 5 and 6 by two stationary sensors 28, which may be formed as inductive sensors, can be determined.
  • the sensors 28 are connected via a signal transmission device 11 with a control and / or regulating device 10.
  • the position of the at least one feed device 4 between these two end positions 5 and 6 can not be determined.
  • the so associated disadvantages are described in detail above. It is not excluded that such sensors are also used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a first preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1.
  • the hydraulic piston-cylinder device 15 is supplied with a hydraulic fluid via a supply line 12 and a discharge line 13.
  • the hydraulic fluid can be stored in a tank 31 which is connected via a pump 37 and a proportional valve 32 to the supply line 12 and the discharge line 13 in connection.
  • a measuring device 7 is now provided, which is set up to measure the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the supply line 12 and the discharge line 13.
  • the measurement signals are forwarded via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or regulating device 10, in which the position of the feed device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is continuously determined from the measurement signals provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1.
  • a displacement measuring device 8 is used, which in the case illustrated comprises a cable pull potentiometer. With this displacement measuring device 8, the distance 16 traveled by the feeding device 4 can be measured relative to the two end positions 5 and 6.
  • the measurement signals are forwarded via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or regulating device 10, in which the position of the feed device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is determined continuously from the measurement signals provided.
  • FIG. 6 shows a third preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1.
  • This is a measuring device 9 is used, which is adapted to measure a pivot angle 14 of the feeder 4, wherein the measuring device 9 comprises a rotary encoder.
  • the measurement signals are transmitted via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or control device 10 forwarded, in which from the measurement signals provided continuously the position of the feeding device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is determined.
  • the thus determined position of the feed device 4 serves as a starting point for the advantageous embodiments of the method for operating the comminution device 1 described above.
  • the control and / or regulating device 10 may be connected by signal technology to a display device 19 in order to provide information to a user of the comminuting device 1, for example about malfunctions which can not be automatically remedied.
  • measuring devices 28, 7, 8 and 9 need not be done at the illustrated locations of the feeder 4. It can be used here any offering place.
  • the measuring devices do not necessarily have to be coupled directly to the at least one feed device.
  • an arrangement in a wall, on which the at least one feeding device moves along, is also possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Material, insbesondere von Wertstoffen, Restholz und Datenträgern, umfassend ein Maschinengestell, wenigstens einen am Maschinengestell drehbar gelagerten Zerkleinerungsrotor und wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung, mit welcher das zu zerkleinernde Material zum wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotor beförderbar ist. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a comminution device for comminuting material, in particular valuable materials, waste wood and data carriers, comprising a machine frame, at least one comminution rotor rotatably mounted on the machine frame and at least one feed device with which the material to be comminuted can be conveyed to the at least one comminuting rotor. The invention further relates to methods for operating such a comminution device.

Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen gemäß dem Oberbegriff sind aus dem Stand der Technik bereits bekannt. Häufig ist es vorgesehen, dass die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung zwischen einer ersten Endstellung und einer zweiten Endstellung bewegbar ist. Dabei ist bei den beiden Endstellungen jeweils ein induktiver Sensor angeordnet, welcher erfasst, ob sich die Zuführvorrichtung in einer der beiden Endstellungen befindet. Soll die Zuführvorrichtung in eine bestimmte, von den Endstellungen abweichende Position bewegt werden, so ist dies nur durch ein Schaltintervall möglich, d.h. durch eine einstellbare Zeit, in welcher der Schieber in eine Position gefahren wird, welcher vermutlich der gewünschten Position entspricht. Ob die Zuführvorrichtung die gewünschte Position tatsächlich erreicht, ist unkontrollierbar. Dies ist zum Beispiel dann nachteilig, wenn die Zuführvorrichtung zu Wartungszwecken in eine bestimmte Position bewegt werden soll. Auch die Abtragleistung des Materials lässt sich nicht ermitteln. Und schließlich können Fehlfunktionen, welche zwischen den beiden Endstellungen auftreten, steuerungstechnisch weder erfasst noch behoben werden. Zu den Fehlfunktionen zählt beispielsweise eine reduzierte Durchsatzleistung, welche bei bestimmten zu zerkleinernden Materialien oder bei einer ungenügenden Schnittfunktion des Schneidsystems auftritt, und umgangssprachlich als "Freischneiden" bezeichnet wird. Dieses Freischneiden führt zu einer unerwünschten Erwärmung des Zerkleinerungsrotors und/oder des zu zerkleinernden Materials, welches teilweise zu schmelzen, zu brennen oder zu verkohlen beginnt. Es besteht eine Brandgefahr für den Endanwender. Eine weitere Fehlfunktion besteht in einem Verklemmen der Zuführvorrichtung. Dokument US2016/288133A1 betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Material gemäß des Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.Crushing devices according to the preamble are already known from the prior art. It is often provided that the at least one feeding device is movable between a first end position and a second end position. In each case, an inductive sensor is arranged at the two end positions, which detects whether the supply device is in one of the two end positions. If the feeding device is to be moved into a specific position deviating from the end positions, this is only possible by means of a switching interval, ie by an adjustable time in which the slide is moved to a position which presumably corresponds to the desired position. Whether the feeder actually reaches the desired position is uncontrollable. This is for example disadvantageous if the feeder is to be moved to a specific position for maintenance purposes. Also, the removal rate of the material can not be determined. Finally, malfunctions that occur between the two end positions can neither be detected nor remedied by control technology. The malfunctions include, for example, a reduced throughput, which occurs in certain materials to be crushed or in an insufficient cutting function of the cutting system, and is colloquially referred to as "free cutting". This free cutting leads to an undesirable heating of the crushing rotor and / or the material to be crushed, which partially begins to melt, burn or char. There is a risk of fire for the end user. Another malfunction is jamming of the feeder. document US2016 / 288133A1 relates to a device for comminuting material according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass es auch Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen gibt, bei denen die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung nicht zwischen zwei Endstellungen, sondern in einem Kreis bewegbar ist. Die Erfindung betrifft auch solche Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen.It should be noted that there are also crushing devices in which the at least one feeding device is not movable between two end positions, but in a circle. The invention also relates to such crushing devices.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung anzugeben, welche insbesondere die genannten Probleme zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise vollständig, behebt und eine volle steuerungstechnische Kontrolle zumindest der Bewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung ermöglicht. Weiterhin soll ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Zerkleinerungsmaschine angegeben werden.The object of the present invention is to provide a comparison with the prior art improved crushing device, which in particular at least partially, preferably completely eliminates the problems mentioned and allows full control technology control at least the movement of the at least one feeder. Furthermore, an improved method for operating such a crusher is to be specified.

Diese Aufgaben werden gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 6.These objects are achieved by the features of independent claims 1 and 6.

Bei der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ist es also erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung, eine Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung zumindest zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung der Bewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung und eine Signalübertragungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, über welche von der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung generierte Messsignale der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung zuführbar sind.In the comminution device, it is thus provided according to the invention that at least one measuring device is provided for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device, a control and / or regulating device at least for controlling and / or regulating the movement of the at least one feed device and a signal transmission device which measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device can be fed to the control and / or regulating device.

Unter einer Messeinrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung ist eine Messeinrichtung zu verstehen, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, die Position der wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung kontinuierlich, also an einer Vielzahl von aufeinanderfolgenden Stellen zu messen - in Abgrenzung zum Stand der Technik, bei welchem eine Messung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung nur an einzelnen Punkten möglich ist.A measuring device for the continuous detection of the position of the at least one feeding device is to be understood as a measuring device which is adapted to measure the position of the at least one feeding device continuously, ie at a multiplicity of successive points - in contrast to the prior art in which a measurement of the position of the at least one feeding device is possible only at individual points.

Durch die kontinuierliche Erfassung ist es möglich, dass die Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung in jeder Stellung steuerungs- bzw. regelungstechnisch eindeutig und reproduzierbar erfassbar ist. Ergänzend kann natürlich auch wie beim Stand der Technik eine Erfassung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung an zwei Endstellungen vorgesehen sein, und zwar dann, wenn die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung zwischen einer ersten Endstellung und einer zweiten Endstellung bewegbar ist, und die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, die Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zwischen den beiden Endstellungen kontinuierlich zu erfassen, wie dies gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen ist.Due to the continuous detection, it is possible that the position of the at least one supply device in each position control and control technically unambiguous and reproducible detected. In addition, of course, as in the prior art, a detection of the at least one feeding device can be provided at two end positions, and that is when the at least one Feeding device between a first end position and a second end position is movable, and the at least one measuring device is adapted to continuously detect the position of the at least one feeding device between the two end positions, as provided according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist wenigstens eine hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung zur Bewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung vorgesehen, wobei die wenigstens eine hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung wenigstens einen Zuleitung und wenigstens eine Ableitung für ein Hydraulikfluid aufweist, und wobei die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, den Volumenstrom des Hydraulikfluids in der Zuleitung und/oder Ableitung zu messen.According to a preferred embodiment, at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device for moving the at least one supply device is provided, wherein the at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device has at least one supply line and at least one discharge for a hydraulic fluid, and wherein the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one supply device is adapted to measure the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the supply and / or discharge.

Die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung kann alternativ oder ergänzend auch elektrisch oder pneumatisch angetrieben werden.The at least one supply device can alternatively or additionally also be driven electrically or pneumatically.

Alternativ kann die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung als Wegmesseinrichtung ausgebildet sein, vorzugsweise wobei die Wegmesseinrichtung ein Seilzugpotentiometer umfasst.Alternatively, the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one feed device can be designed as a path measuring device, preferably wherein the path measuring device comprises a cable pull potentiometer.

Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, einen Schwenkwinkel der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zu messen, vorzugsweise wobei die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung einen Drehwinkelgeber umfasst, und/oder die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung schwenkbar am Maschinengestell gelagert ist und die Messeinrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, einen Drehwinkel der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zu messen.It can also be provided that the at least one measuring device for continuous detection of the position of the at least one feed device is adapted to measure a swivel angle of the at least one feed device, preferably wherein the at least one measuring device comprises a rotary encoder, and / or the at least one feed device is pivotally mounted on the machine frame and the measuring device is adapted to measure a rotation angle of the at least one feed device.

Die Messung eines Drehwinkels setzt nicht zwingend voraus, dass die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung schwenkbar am Maschinengestell gelagert ist. Es ist beispielsweise auch möglich, dass die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung als Linearschieber ausgebildet ist und mittels einer Kette antreibbar ist, wobei die Kette in Eingriff mit einem Zahnrad steht, wobei der Drehwinkel des Zahnrads messbar ist.The measurement of a rotation angle does not necessarily require that the at least one supply device is pivotally mounted on the machine frame. It is also possible, for example, that the at least one feed device is designed as a linear slide and can be driven by means of a chain, the chain being in engagement with a toothed wheel, wherein the angle of rotation of the toothed wheel can be measured.

Es ist natürlich auch möglich, die drei bevorzugten Möglichkeiten zur Ausgestaltung der Messeinrichtung in einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung beliebig miteinander zu kombinieren, um zum Beispiel die Genauigkeit der Erfassung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zu erhöhen, oder eine Vorkehrung für den Fall zutreffen, dass eine Messeinrichtung ausfällt.Of course, it is also possible to arbitrarily combine the three preferred options for configuring the measuring device in a comminution device, for example to increase the accuracy of detecting the position of the at least one feed device, or to provide a precaution in the event that a measuring device fails ,

Zu der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Signalübertragungsvorrichtung sei noch angemerkt, dass diese auf jeglicher Form einer physikalischen Datenübertragung basieren kann, also beispielsweise auch drahtlos.For the signal transmission device provided according to the invention, it should also be noted that this can be based on any form of physical data transmission, that is to say wireless, for example.

Die Art und Form der wenigstens einen Zuführeinrichtung ist nicht entscheidend. Es kann sich um eine bogenförmig angeordnete als auch um eine linearförmig angeordnete Zuführeinheit handeln.The type and shape of the at least one feeder is not critical. It can be an arcuately arranged as well as a linearly arranged feed unit.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betrieb einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung umfasst die folgenden Verfahrensschritte:

  • die wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung wird, vorzugsweise zwischen einer ersten Endstellung und einer zweiten Endstellung, bewegt,
  • die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung generiert Messsignale, welche der aktuellen Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung, vorzugsweise zwischen den beiden Endstellungen, entsprechen,
  • die von der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung generierten Messsignale werden mittels der Signalübertragungsvorrichtung der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung zugeführt, und
  • die aktuelle Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung wird von der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung anhand der Messsignale ermittelt.
The method according to the invention for operating a comminution device according to the invention comprises the following method steps:
  • the at least one feed device is moved, preferably between a first end position and a second end position,
  • the at least one measuring device generates measuring signals which correspond to the current position of the at least one feeding device, preferably between the two end positions,
  • the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device are fed to the control and / or regulating device by means of the signal transmission device, and
  • the current position of the at least one supply device is determined by the control and / or regulating device on the basis of the measurement signals.

Entsprechend den drei im Zusammenhang mit der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung genannten Möglichkeiten zur Ausgestaltung der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung können die folgenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele - einzeln oder in Kombination miteinander - vorgesehen sein:
Die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung wird mittels wenigstens einer hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung bewegt, die wenigstens eine hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung wird über wenigstens eine Zuleitung und wenigstens eine Ableitung mit einem Hydraulikfluid versorgt, und die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung misst den Volumenstrom des Hydraulikfluids in der Zuleitung und/oder Ableitung.Corresponding to the three options for configuring the at least one measuring device mentioned in connection with the comminuting device, the following preferred exemplary embodiments can be provided individually or in combination with one another:
The at least one feed device is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device, which is at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device via at least one supply line and at least one Derivative supplied with a hydraulic fluid, and the at least one measuring device measures the volume flow of hydraulic fluid in the supply and / or discharge.

Die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung misst eine von der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zurückgelegten Wegstrecke, vorzugsweise relativ zu zumindest einer Endstellung.The at least one measuring device measures a distance traveled by the at least one feed device, preferably relative to at least one end position.

Die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung misst einen Drehwinkel, vorzugsweise wobei die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung zwischen zwei Endstellungen bewegt wird, dabei eine Schwenkbewegung vollzieht und die wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung einen Drehwinkel der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung misst.The at least one measuring device measures a rotational angle, preferably wherein the at least one feeding device is moved between two end positions, thereby performing a pivoting movement and the at least one measuring device measures a rotational angle of the at least one feeding device.

Die Positionserfassung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zwischen den beiden Endstellungen ist die Grundlage für eine Reihe von vorteilhaften Betriebsformen der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung zu Wartungszwecken in eine exakt vorgegebene Position zu bewegen. Dies kann beispielsweise dann besonders relevant sein, wenn eine Wartungsklappe vorgesehen ist, und die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung eine bestimmte Position relativ zu dieser Wartungsklappe einnehmen muss, damit sich die Wartungsklappe überhaupt öffnen lässt oder eine bestimmte Wartungsaufgabe durchgeführt werden kann.The position detection of the at least one feed device between the two end positions forms the basis for a number of advantageous operating modes of the comminution device. For example, it is possible to move the at least one feeding device into an exactly predetermined position for maintenance purposes. This may be particularly relevant, for example, if a maintenance flap is provided, and the at least one feed device has to occupy a specific position relative to this maintenance flap so that the maintenance flap can even open or a specific maintenance task can be performed.

Vorteilhafterweise kann es vorgesehen sein, dass von der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung anhand der von der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung generierten Messsignale eine Geschwindigkeit der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung ermittelt wird.Advantageously, it can be provided that a speed of the at least one feed device is determined by the control and / or regulating device on the basis of the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device.

Die Geschwindigkeit der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung kann in weiterer Folge dazu herangezogen werden, dass eine Abtragleistung des Materials ermittelt wird.The speed of the at least one feed device can subsequently be used to determine a removal rate of the material.

Auch ist es möglich, dass die ermittelte Geschwindigkeit mit einer Soll-Geschwindigkeit verglichen wird, vorzugsweise wobei für den Fall, dass die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung mittels wenigstens einer hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung bewegt wird, bei einer Abweichung der ermittelten Geschwindigkeit von der Soll-Geschwindigkeit eine Steuerschieberauslenkung angepasst wird.It is also possible for the determined speed to be compared with a desired speed, preferably for the case in which the at least one feed device is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device, if the determined speed deviates from the setpoint speed. Speed is adjusted to a spool deflection.

In diesem Zusammenhang bietet es sich an, dass bei der Maschinenhydraulik ein Proportionalventil für die Ansteuerung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zur Anwendung kommt. Mittels eines Proportionalventils ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, die Geschwindigkeit der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung stufenlos von 0% - 100% anzusteuern. Durch die Messung der aktuell vorliegenden Geschwindigkeit der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung im Verhältnis zu der theoretisch vom Ventil vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit, also der Soll-Geschwindigkeit, kann diese geregelt werden, d.h. bei Nichterreichen der theoretisch Geschwindigkeit kann die Steuerschieberauslenkung geändert werden, so lange bis die theoretische mit der ermittelten Geschwindigkeit übereinstimmt. Durch diese Regelung wird der Steuerschieber nur so weit ausgelenkt, wie das zu zerkleinernde Material es vorgibt, mit dem Resultat, dass die aufgenommene Leistung im Aggregat reduziert wird und die Ölerwärmung sinkt, was wiederum zu einer Senkung der verbrauchten Energie beiträgt. Beim aktuellen Stand der Technik ist dies nur mit einem erhöhten Aufwand möglich. Hier erfolgt die Steuerschieberauslenkung mit 100% der von der Hydraulikpumpe gelieferten maximalen Durchflussmenge. Bei einer Abweichung der theoretischen zur praktischen Geschwindigkeit der Zuführvorrichtung wird das überschüssige Ölvolumen über einen Bypass wieder in den Tank zurückgeführt und erneut in den Kreislauf eingebracht.In this context, it makes sense that a proportional valve for controlling the at least one feed device is used in the machine hydraulics. By means of a proportional valve, it is possible to steer the speed of the at least one feed device steplessly from 0% to 100%. By measuring the currently present speed of the at least one feed device in relation to the speed theoretically set by the valve, that is to say the setpoint speed, this can be regulated, i. if the theoretical speed is not reached, the spool displacement can be changed until the theoretical speed coincides with the determined speed. By this regulation, the spool is deflected only as far as the material to be crushed it pretends, with the result that the power absorbed in the unit is reduced and the oil warming decreases, which in turn contributes to a reduction in the energy consumed. In the current state of the art, this is possible only with increased effort. Here, the spool displacement is 100% of the maximum flow delivered by the hydraulic pump. In a deviation of the theoretical to the practical speed of the feeder, the excess oil volume is returned via a bypass back into the tank and re-introduced into the circulation.

Als günstig hat es sich auch erwiesen, dass die Geschwindigkeit mit wenigstens einem vorbestimmten Schwellwert verglichen wird, bevorzugt wobei die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung

  • bei einem Erreichen des wenigstens einen Schwellwerts die Bewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung stoppt oder eine Bewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung einleitet, und/oder
  • bei einem wiederholten Erreichen des Schwellwerts eine Reinigungsprozedur für den wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotor startet, besonders bevorzugt wobei der die Drehrichtung des wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotors umgekehrt und die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung an den wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotor angepresst wird.
It has also proven to be favorable that the speed is compared with at least one predetermined threshold, preferably wherein the control and / or regulating device
  • when the at least one threshold value is reached, the movement of the at least one feed device stops or initiates a movement of the at least one feed device in the opposite direction, and / or
  • when the threshold value is repeatedly reached, a cleaning procedure for the at least one comminuting rotor starts, particularly preferably wherein the direction of rotation of the at least one comminution rotor is reversed and the at least one feed device is pressed against the at least one comminuting rotor.

Der vorbestimmte Schwellwert kann beispielsweise aus der Ausführung des Schneidsystems, d.h. der Anzahl der Messerreihen, der maximal mögliche Spandicke und der vorherrschenden Drehzahl, bestimmt werden. Aus den genannten Parametern folgt, wieviel Material pro Umdrehung bzw. pro Zeiteinheit abgetragen werden kann.For example, the predetermined threshold may be derived from the design of the cutting system, i. the number of rows of knives, the maximum possible chip thickness and the prevailing speed are determined. From the parameters mentioned follows how much material per revolution or per unit time can be removed.

Durch die genannten Maßnahmen kann die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung aktiv einer Ineffizienz des Schneidsystems entgegenwirken und im Falle eines "Freischneidens" eine zusätzliche Erwärmung des wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotors verhindern und die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung entlasten.By means of said measures, the control and / or regulating device can actively counteract an inefficiency of the cutting system and in the case of a "free cutting" prevent additional heating of the at least one comminution rotor and relieve the at least one feed device.

Da zeitgleich, wenn keine Änderung der Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung bzw. der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit vorliegt, auch die Stromaufnahme von bevorzugt vorgesehenen Antriebsmotoren sinkt, bietet es sich an, diesen Parameter ergänzend für die Erkennung eines "Freischneidens" heranzuziehen.Since at the same time, if there is no change in the position of the at least one feed device or the feed rate, and the current consumption of preferably provided drive motors decreases, it makes sense to use this parameter in addition to the detection of a "free cutting".

Die angeführte Reinigungsprozedur kann in vorteilhafter Weise im Einzelnen wie folgt durchgeführt werden: Das Schneidwerk wird zuerst deaktiviert, d.h. stromlos geschalten, und läuft aus. Nach dem Stillstand wird die Rotationsrichtung des wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotors umgekehrt, die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung fährt in eine rückwärtige Position, holt erneut Material und befördert dies aktiv in Richtung des wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotors. Durch die Umkehrung der Drehrichtung und den Anpressvorgang der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung wird das am wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotor anhaftende Material durch die Gegenrotation des wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotors in eine undefinierte neue Lage gebracht. Die Dauer der Rotorreinigung ist materialabhängig und vorteilhafterweise über die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung einstellbar. Nach Beendigung der Rotoreinigung, dem erneuten Stillstand des Schneidsystems und dem Anlauf in normale Laufrichtung beginnt der Zerkleinerungsprozess von vorne. Die selbständige Erkennung der Ineffizienz und die automatische Einleitung der Abhilfemaßnahme werden erst durch die erfindungsgemäße Positions- bzw. Vorschuberkennung ermöglicht.The stated cleaning procedure can advantageously be carried out in detail as follows: The cutting mechanism is first deactivated, i. de-energized, and runs out. After standstill, the direction of rotation of the at least one comminuting rotor is reversed, the at least one feeder moves to a rearward position, retrieves material and actively transports it towards the at least one comminuting rotor. By reversing the direction of rotation and the pressing operation of the at least one feed device, the material adhering to the at least one comminution rotor is brought into an undefined new position by the counterrotation of the at least one comminuting rotor. The duration of the rotor cleaning is material-dependent and advantageously adjustable via the control and / or regulating device. After completion of the rotor cleaning, the new standstill of the cutting system and the start in the normal direction of the comminution process starts from the beginning. The independent detection of the inefficiency and the automatic initiation of the remedial action are made possible only by the inventive position or Vorschuberkennung.

Es bietet sich an, die Reinigungsprozedur dann zu aktivieren, wenn der Schwellwert x-mal erreicht wird, wobei die Anzahl bevorzugt einstellbar ist.It is advisable to activate the cleaning procedure when the threshold is reached x times, the number being preferably adjustable.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Betriebsform besteht darin, dass die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung die Lage einer Endstellung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung verändert.Another preferred operating form is that the control and / or regulating device changes the position of an end position of the at least one feed device.

Das bedeutet, dass durch die Positionserkennung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung die Möglichkeit gegeben ist, den maximal möglichen Hub der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung elektronisch zu begrenzen. Bietet die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung z.B. einen maximal möglichen Hub von ca. 1100mm von der vordersten bis zur hintersten Endstellung und wird in der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung Material zerkleinert, welches nicht einen Hub von 1100mm benötigt, so kann durch eine elektronische Begrenzung der Hub reduziert werden, beispielsweise auf 50%. Die wesentlichen Steuerungsparameter bleiben dabei unangetastet. Durch die elektronische Begrenzung wird die Durchsatzleistung erhöht, da die Totzeit für den nicht benötigten Hub entfällt und die Zykluszeit sinkt. Dies bietet dem Kunden die Möglichkeit, materialspezifisch reagieren zu können, ohne mechanische Einstellarbeiten an der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung, wie beispielsweise eine zeitaufwändige Verstellung von Sensoren, vornehmen zu müssen. Das liefert eine erhöhte Durchsatzleistung in Bezug auf die Laufzeit der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung.This means that the possibility of electronically limiting the maximum possible stroke of the at least one feed device is provided by the position detection of the at least one feed device. If the at least one feed device comprises e.g. a maximum possible stroke of about 1100mm from the front to the rearmost end position and is comminuted in the crushing material, which does not require a stroke of 1100mm, it can be reduced by an electronic limit the stroke, for example to 50%. The essential control parameters remain untouched. The electronic limitation increases the throughput, since the dead time for the unneeded stroke is eliminated and the cycle time decreases. This offers the customer the ability to react material-specific, without having to make mechanical adjustments to the crushing device, such as a time-consuming adjustment of sensors. This provides an increased throughput with respect to the running time of the comminution device.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Betriebsform besteht darin, dass die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung anhand der von der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung generierten Messsignale eine Änderung der von der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung zurückgelegten Wegstrecke ermittelt, bevorzugt wobei die Wegstreckenänderung mit wenigstens einem vorbestimmten Schwellwert verglichen wird und im Falle eines Erreichens des wenigstens einen Schwellwerts die Bewegungsrichtung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung umgekehrt wird.A further preferred operating form is that the control and / or regulating device determines a change in the distance covered by the at least one feed device based on the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device, preferably wherein the distance change is compared with at least one predetermined threshold value and in the case reaching the at least one threshold value, the direction of movement of the at least one feed device is reversed.

Dadurch kann beispielsweise eine Verklemmung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung durch Material automatisch frühzeitig erkannt werden: Befindet sich die wenigstens eine Zuführeinheit im aktiven Betrieb, so wird über die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung eine Wegstreckenänderung registriert. Fällt der Wert unter einen definierten Schwellwert und sinkt der Motorstrom unter einen bestimmten Schwellwert, so liegt ein Freischneiden vor. Es wird automatisch eine Einfahrbewegung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung ausgeführt. Kommt es auch hierbei zu keiner Positions- bzw. Wegstreckenänderung der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung, so ist dies ein eindeutiges Indiz dafür, dass die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung verklemmt ist. Diese automatische Erkennung einer Verklemmung ist beim Stand der Technik nicht möglich.As a result, for example, jamming of the at least one feed device by material can be detected automatically at an early stage: If the at least one feed unit is in active operation, a path change is registered via the control and / or regulating device. If the value falls below a defined threshold value and the motor current drops below a certain threshold value, there is a free cutting. A retraction movement of the at least one feed device is automatically carried out. If there is no change in the position or distance of the at least one feed device, then this is the case This is a clear indication that the at least one feeding device is jammed. This automatic detection of jamming is not possible in the prior art.

Und schließlich hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, dass die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung eine von ihr anhand der von der wenigstens einen Messeinrichtung generierten Messsignale detektierte Fehlfunktion an wenigstens eine Anzeigevorrichtung weitergibt, vorzugsweise wobei die wenigstens eine Anzeigevorrichtung einen Bildschirm umfasst. Auf diese Weise ist die Fehlfunktion sofort für einen Endanwender erkennbar.Finally, it has proven to be advantageous that the control and / or regulating device transmits a malfunction detected by it on the basis of the measuring signals generated by the at least one measuring device to at least one display device, preferably wherein the at least one display device comprises a screen. In this way, the malfunction is instantly recognizable to an end user.

Konkret bietet es sich beispielsweise an, dass eine Weitergabe an die wenigstens eine Anzeigevorrichtung dann erfolgt, wenn nach einer mehrmalig aktivierten Reinigungsprozedur für den wenigstens einen Zerkleinerungsrotor keine Verbesserung der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit bzw. der Abtragleistung festgestellt wird.Specifically, it is, for example, advisable that a transfer to the at least one display device takes place when after a repeatedly activated cleaning procedure for the at least one comminution rotor no improvement in the feed rate or the removal rate is determined.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand der Figurenbeschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen im Folgenden näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Material in einer schematischen perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht durch die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2,
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung gemäß dem Stand der Technik, wobei in dieser Ansicht ein Teil der Seitenabdeckung zeichnerisch weggelassen wurde,
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung gemäß einem ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei in dieser Ansicht ein Teil der Seitenabdeckung zeichnerisch weggelassen wurde,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei in dieser Ansicht ein Teil der Seitenabdeckung zeichnerisch weggelassen wurde, und
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung gemäß einem dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei in dieser Ansicht ein Teil der Seitenabdeckung zeichnerisch weggelassen wurde.
Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures with reference to the drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
a comminution device for comminuting material in a schematic perspective view,
Fig. 2
a sectional view through the crushing device according to Fig. 2 .
Fig. 3
a side view of a crushing device according to the prior art, wherein in this view a part of the side cover has been omitted from the drawing,
Fig. 4
3 shows a side view of a comminution device according to the invention in accordance with a first preferred exemplary embodiment, wherein in this view a part of the side cover has been omitted from the drawing,
Fig. 5
a side view of a crushing device according to the invention according to a second preferred embodiment, wherein in this view a part of the side cover has been omitted drawing, and
Fig. 6
a side view of a crushing device according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein in this view a part of the side cover has been omitted drawing.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1, mit einem Maschinengestell 2. Das Maschinengestell 2 kann ein Grundgerüst, eine Abstützvorrichtung, über welche die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 am Untergrund abgestützt wird, Wandungen sowie Verkleidungen nach außen umfassen. FIG. 1 shows a crushing device 1, with a machine frame 2. The machine frame 2, a skeleton, a supporting device, via which the crushing device 1 is supported on the ground, walls and panels to the outside.

Über einen Materialaufgaberaum 20 wird zu zerkleinerndes Material der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 zugeführt. Weiterhin ist an den Seitenwänden der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 einen Zuführvorrichtung 4 schwenkbar um eine Drehachse 22 gelagert. Diese befördert das zu zerkleinernde Material weiter zu einem Zerkleinerungsrotor 3 (in der Figur 1 nicht zu sehen).Material to be comminuted is fed to the comminuting device 1 via a material feed space 20. Furthermore, a feed device 4 is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 22 on the side walls of the crushing device 1. This conveys the material to be crushed further to a crushing rotor 3 (in the FIG. 1 not to be seen).

Wie in der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, umfasst die Zuführvorrichtung 4 einen Schieber 24 mit einer Nachdrückfläche 33. Der Schieber 24 kann beispielsweise im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen keilförmig ausgebildet sein. Der Schieber 24 ist über zwei voneinander beabstandete Hebel 23 mit einem Drehpunkt 34 verbunden.As in the sectional view according to FIG. 2 it can be seen, the feed device 4 comprises a slider 24 with a Nachdrückfläche 33. The slider 24 may be formed, for example, in cross-section substantially wedge-shaped. The slider 24 is connected via two spaced-apart lever 23 with a pivot point 34.

Anstelle einer solchen schwenkbaren Zuführvorrichtung 4 kann auch eine linear verstellbare Zuführvorrichtung zum Einsatz kommen.Instead of such a pivotable feeding device 4, a linearly adjustable feeding device can also be used.

Der Schieber 24 bzw. die Zuführvorrichtung 4 bewegt sich an einem Wandabschnitt 21 entlang, und zwar zwischen einer ersten Endstellung 5 und einer zweiten Endstellung 6, wobei die erste Endstellung 5 benachbart zu einem Zerkleinerungsrotor 3 angeordnet ist und die zweite Endstellung 6 davon beabstandet ist. Dabei kann der Schieber 24 bzw. die Zuführvorrichtung 4 jede beliebige Position zwischen diesen beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 einnehmen. Die dabei durchlaufenen Positionen sind mit einer strichpunktierten Linie 35 angedeutet. Um den Schieber 24 bzw. die Zuführvorrichtung 4 aus der ersten Endstellung 5 in die zweite Endstellung 6 zu bewegen, dreht sich bei der Ansicht gemäß Figur 2 der Schieber 24 um den Drehpunkt 34 gegen den Uhrzeigersinn. Die umgekehrte Bewegung erfolgt im Uhrzeigersinn. Die Bewegungsrichtungen des Schiebers 24 bzw. der Zuführvorrichtung 4 sind durch einen Doppelpfeil 18 angedeutet.The slider 24 or the feeding device 4 moves along a wall portion 21, between a first end position 5 and a second end position 6, wherein the first end position 5 is adjacent to a crushing rotor 3 and the second end position 6 is spaced therefrom. In this case, the slider 24 and the feeding device 4 take any position between these two end positions 5 and 6. The thereby traversed positions are indicated by a dash-dotted line 35. To move the slider 24 and the feeding device 4 from the first end position 5 in the second end position 6, rotates in the view according to FIG. 2 the slider 24 about the pivot 34 counterclockwise. The reverse movement is clockwise. The Movement directions of the slider 24 and the feeding device 4 are indicated by a double arrow 18.

Angetrieben wird die Zuführvorrichtung 4 über zwei hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtungen 15, welche jeweils einen Zylinder 29 sowie einen darin beweglichen Kolben mit einer Kolbenstange 30 umfassen. Im dargestellten Fall ist der Zylinder 29 am Maschinengestell 2 festgelegt. Die Kolbenstange 30 ist gelenkig über einen Zwischenhebel 25 mit dem Hebelarm 23 verbunden. Natürlich kann auch eine umgekehrte Konfiguration verwendet werden, bei welcher die Kolbenstange 30 am Maschinengestell 2 festgelegt ist und der Zylinder 29 auf den Zwischenhebel 25 einwirkt.The feeding device 4 is driven by two hydraulic piston-cylinder devices 15, each comprising a cylinder 29 and a piston movable therein with a piston rod 30. In the illustrated case, the cylinder 29 is fixed to the machine frame 2. The piston rod 30 is pivotally connected via an intermediate lever 25 to the lever arm 23. Of course, a reverse configuration may be used in which the piston rod 30 is fixed to the machine frame 2 and the cylinder 29 acts on the intermediate lever 25.

Die Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung 15 sowie der Zwischenhebel 25 sind jeweils in einer Seitenwand der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 angeordnet. Der Zwischenhebel 25 ist drehfest mit dem Hebelarm 23 verbunden.The piston-cylinder device 15 and the intermediate lever 25 are each arranged in a side wall of the crushing device 1. The intermediate lever 25 is rotatably connected to the lever arm 23.

Das von der Zuführvorrichtung 4 an den Zerkleinerungsrotor 3 herangeführte Material wird von Schneidvorrichtungen, welche an dem Mantel des Zerkleinerungsrotors 3 angeordnet sind, und stationären Gegenmessern 26 zerkleinert, und zwar so lange, bis das Material einen bestimmten Zerkleinerungsgrad aufweist, welcher über eine Siebvorrichtung 27 einstellbar ist. Über die Siebvorrichtung 27 gelangt das zerkleinerte Material nach außen und kann beispielsweise über Förderbänder abtransportiert werden.The material supplied by the feed device 4 to the comminution rotor 3 is comminuted by cutting devices arranged on the shell of the comminution rotor 3 and stationary counterblades 26, until the material has a certain degree of comminution, which can be adjusted via a screening device 27 is. About the screening device 27, the crushed material passes to the outside and can be removed for example via conveyor belts.

Der Zerkleinerungsrotor 3 ist drehbar um einen Drehpunkt 36 am Maschinengestell 2 gelagert. Die Drehrichtungen sind mit dem Bezugszeichen 17 und einem Doppelpfeil gekennzeichnet.The crushing rotor 3 is rotatably mounted about a pivot point 36 on the machine frame 2. The directions of rotation are identified by the reference numeral 17 and a double arrow.

Wie bereits einleitend ausgeführt und in Figur 3 dargestellt, ist es beim Stand der Technik vorgesehen, dass die Anwesenheit der Zuführvorrichtung 4 in einer der beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 durch zwei ortsfeste Sensoren 28, welche als induktive Sensoren ausgebildet sein können, festgestellt werden kann. Die Sensoren 28 sind über eine Signalübertragungsvorrichtung 11 mit einer Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung 10 verbunden. Die Position der wenigstens einen Zuführvorrichtung 4 zwischen diesen beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 ist nicht ermittelbar. Die damit verbundenen Nachteile sind weiter oben ausführlich beschrieben. Es ist nicht ausgeschlossen, dass solche Sensoren auch bei der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz kommen.As already stated in the introduction and in FIG. 3 illustrated, it is provided in the prior art that the presence of the feeder 4 in one of the two end positions 5 and 6 by two stationary sensors 28, which may be formed as inductive sensors, can be determined. The sensors 28 are connected via a signal transmission device 11 with a control and / or regulating device 10. The position of the at least one feed device 4 between these two end positions 5 and 6 can not be determined. The so associated disadvantages are described in detail above. It is not excluded that such sensors are also used in the present invention.

Figur 4 zeigt ein erstes bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 bzw. des Verfahrens zum Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1. Dabei erfolgt die Versorgung der hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung 15 mit einem Hydraulikfluid über eine Zuleitung 12 und eine Ableitung 13. Das Hydraulikfluid kann in einem Tank 31 gespeichert werden, welcher über eine Pumpe 37 und ein Proportionalventil 32 mit der Zuleitung 12 und der Ableitung 13 in Verbindung steht. Es ist nun eine Messeinrichtung 7 vorgesehen, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, den Volumenstrom des Hydraulikfluids in der Zuleitung 12 und der Ableitung 13 zu messen. Die Messsignale werden über eine Signalübertragungsvorrichtung 11 an die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung 10 weitergeleitet, in welcher aus den bereitgestellten Messsignalen fortlaufend die Position der Zuführvorrichtung 4 zwischen den beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 bestimmt wird. FIG. 4 shows a first preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1. In this case, the hydraulic piston-cylinder device 15 is supplied with a hydraulic fluid via a supply line 12 and a discharge line 13. The hydraulic fluid can be stored in a tank 31 which is connected via a pump 37 and a proportional valve 32 to the supply line 12 and the discharge line 13 in connection. A measuring device 7 is now provided, which is set up to measure the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the supply line 12 and the discharge line 13. The measurement signals are forwarded via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or regulating device 10, in which the position of the feed device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is continuously determined from the measurement signals provided.

Figur 5 zeigt ein zweites bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 bzw. des Verfahrens zum Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1. Dabei kommt eine Wegmesseinrichtung 8 zum Einsatz, welche im dargestellten Fall ein Seilzugpotentiometer umfasst. Mit dieser Wegmesseinrichtung 8 kann die von der Zuführvorrichtung 4 zurückgelegte Wegstrecke 16 relativ zu den beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 gemessen werden. Die Messsignale werden über eine Signalübertragungvorrichtung 11 an die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung 10 weitergeleitet, in welcher aus den bereitgestellten Messsignalen fortlaufend die Position der Zuführvorrichtung 4 zwischen den beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 bestimmt wird. FIG. 5 shows a second preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1. In this case, a displacement measuring device 8 is used, which in the case illustrated comprises a cable pull potentiometer. With this displacement measuring device 8, the distance 16 traveled by the feeding device 4 can be measured relative to the two end positions 5 and 6. The measurement signals are forwarded via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or regulating device 10, in which the position of the feed device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is determined continuously from the measurement signals provided.

Figur 6 zeigt ein drittes bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 bzw. des Verfahrens zum Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1. Dabei kommt eine Messeinrichtung 9 zum Einsatz, welche dazu ausgebildet ist, einen Schwenkwinkel 14 der Zuführvorrichtung 4 zu messen, wobei die Messeinrichtung 9 einen Drehwinkelgeber umfasst. Die Messsignale werden über eine Signalübertragungvorrichtung 11 an die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung 10 weitergeleitet, in welcher aus den bereitgestellten Messsignalen fortlaufend die Position der Zuführvorrichtung 4 zwischen den beiden Endstellungen 5 und 6 bestimmt wird. FIG. 6 shows a third preferred embodiment of the crushing device 1 and the method for operating the crushing device 1. This is a measuring device 9 is used, which is adapted to measure a pivot angle 14 of the feeder 4, wherein the measuring device 9 comprises a rotary encoder. The measurement signals are transmitted via a signal transmission device 11 to the control and / or control device 10 forwarded, in which from the measurement signals provided continuously the position of the feeding device 4 between the two end positions 5 and 6 is determined.

Die solchermaßen bestimmte Position der Zuführvorrichtung 4 dient als Ausgangspunkt für die weiter oben beschriebenen vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens zum Betrieb der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1.The thus determined position of the feed device 4 serves as a starting point for the advantageous embodiments of the method for operating the comminution device 1 described above.

Die Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung 10 kann signaltechnisch mit einer Anzeigevorrichtung 19 verbunden sein, um einem Nutzer der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung 1 Informationen bereitzustellen, beispielsweise über Fehlfunktionen, welche nicht automatisch behebbar sind.The control and / or regulating device 10 may be connected by signal technology to a display device 19 in order to provide information to a user of the comminuting device 1, for example about malfunctions which can not be automatically remedied.

Die Anordnung der in den Figuren angedeuteten Messeinrichtungen 28, 7, 8 und 9 muss nicht an den dargestellten Orten der Zuführvorrichtung 4 erfolgen. Es kann hier jeder sich anbietende Ort verwendet werden. Die Messeinrichtungen müssen auch nicht zwingend direkt an die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung gekoppelt sein. Beispielsweise ist auch eine Anordnung in einer Wand, an welcher sich die wenigstens eine Zuführvorrichtung entlang bewegt, möglich. Hier bietet sich eine Ausbildung in Form eines magnetoresistiven Sensors an.The arrangement of the indicated in the figures measuring devices 28, 7, 8 and 9 need not be done at the illustrated locations of the feeder 4. It can be used here any offering place. The measuring devices do not necessarily have to be coupled directly to the at least one feed device. For example, an arrangement in a wall, on which the at least one feeding device moves along, is also possible. Here is an education in the form of a magnetoresistive sensor offers.

Claims (12)

  1. A shredding apparatus (1) for shredding material, in particular recyclable materials, wood waste and data carriers, including a machine frame (2), at least one shredding rotor (3) mounted rotatably on the machine frame (2) and at least one feed device (4) with which the material to be shredded can be conveyed to the at least one shredding rotor (3), wherein the at least one feed device (4) is mounted to side walls of the shredding apparatus (1) pivotably about an axis of rotation (22), the shredding apparatus (1) includes a material delivery chamber (20), by way of which material to be shredded can be fed to the shredding apparatus (1) and the feed device (4) further conveys the material to be shredded to the shredding rotor (3) by a pivotal movement about the axis of rotation (22), characterised in that there is provided at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device (4), an open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) at least for open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the movement of the at least one feed device (4) and a signal transmission device (11), by way of which measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) can be fed to the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10).
  2. The shredding apparatus (1) according to claim 1 wherein the at least one feed device (4) is moveable between a first end position (5) and a second end position (6) and the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) is adapted to continuously detect the position of the at least one feed device (4) between the two end positions (5, 6).
  3. The shredding apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein there is provided at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device (15) for the movement of the at least one feed device (4), wherein the at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device (15) has at least one feed line (12) and at least one discharge line (13) for a hydraulic fluid and wherein the at least one measuring device (7) for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device (4) is adapted to measure the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the feed line (12) and/or the discharge line (13).
  4. The shredding apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the at least one measuring device (8) for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device (4) is in the form of a travel measuring device, preferably wherein the travel measuring device includes a cable pull potentiometer.
  5. The shredding apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the at least one measuring device (9) for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device (4) is adapted to measure a rotary angle (14), preferably wherein the at least one measuring device (9) includes a rotary angle sensor, and/or the at least one feed device (4) is mounted pivotably to the machine frame (2) and the measuring device (9) is adapted to measure a rotary angle of the at least one feed device (4).
  6. A method of operating a shredding apparatus (1) for shredding material, in particular recyclable materials, waste wood and data carriers, including a machine frame (2), at least one shredding rotor (3) mounted rotatably to the machine frame (2) and at least one feed device (4), with which the material to be shredded can be conveyed to the at least one shredding rotor (3), wherein there is provided at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) for continuously detecting the position of the at least one feed device (4), an open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) at least for open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the movement of the at least one feed device (4) and a signal transmission device (11), by way of which measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) can be fed to the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10), wherein the method has the following method steps:
    - the at least one feed device (4) is moved preferably between a first end position (5) and a second end position (6),
    - the at least one measuring device (7,8,9) generates measurement signals which correspond to the current position of the at least one feed device (4), preferably between the two end positions (5, 6),
    - the measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) are fed by means of the signal transmission device (11) to the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10), and
    - the current position of the at least one feed device (4) is ascertained by the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) on the basis of the measurement signals,
    characterised in that
    - a speed of the at least one feed device (4) is ascertained by the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) on the basis of the measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9), preferably wherein a discharge rate of the material is ascertained from the speed, and/or
    - the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) varies the position of an end position (5, 6) of the at least one feed device (4), and/or
    - the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) ascertains a change in the travel distance (16) covered by the at least one feed device (4) on the basis of the measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9), preferably wherein the change in travel distance is compared to at least one predetermined threshold value and in the case where the at least one threshold value is reached the direction of movement (18) of the at least one feed device (4) is reversed.
  7. The method according to claim 6 wherein the at least one feed device (4) is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device (15), the at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device (15) is supplied with a hydraulic fluid by way of at least one feed line (12) and at least one discharge line (13), and the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) measures the volume flow of the hydraulic fluid in the feed line (12) and/or discharge line (13).
  8. The method according to claim 6 or claim 7 wherein the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) measures a travel distance (16) covered by the at least one feed device (4), preferably relative to at least one end position (5, 6).I
  9. The method according to one of claims 6 to 8 wherein the at least one measuring device (9) measures a rotary angle (18), preferably wherein the at least one feed device (4) is moved between two end positions (5, 6), in so doing performs a pivotal movement, and the at least one measuring device (9) measures a rotary angle (14) of the at least one feed device (4).
  10. The method according to one of claims 6 to 9 wherein a speed of the at least one feed device (4) is ascertained by the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) on the basis of the measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9), preferably wherein a discharge rate of the material is ascertained from the speed, and wherein the ascertained speed is compared to a reference speed, preferably wherein in the event that the at least one feed device (4) is moved by means of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder device (15), upon a deviation of the ascertained speed from the reference speed a control slide deflection is adaptively controlled.
  11. The method according to claim 10 wherein the speed is compared to at least one predetermined threshold value, preferably wherein the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10)
    - upon the attainment of the at least one threshold value stops the movement of the at least one feed device (4) or initiates a movement of the at least one feed device (4) in the opposite direction, and/or
    - upon a repeated attainment of the threshold value starts a cleaning procedure for the at least one shredding rotor (3), particularly preferably wherein the direction of rotation (17) of the at least one shredding rotor (3) is reversed and the at least one feed device (4) is pressed against the at least one shredding rotor (3).
  12. The method according to one of claims 6 to 11 wherein the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (10) passes a malfunction detected thereby on the basis of the measurement signals generated by the at least one measuring device (7, 8, 9) to at least one display device (19), preferably wherein the at least one display device (19) includes a display screen.
EP17187514.9A 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material Active EP3446786B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT171875149T PT3446786T (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material
PL17187514T PL3446786T3 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material
SI201730166T SI3446786T1 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material
ES17187514T ES2767682T3 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Crushing device for crushing material
EP17187514.9A EP3446786B1 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material
DK17187514.9T DK3446786T3 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 CRUSHING DEVICE FOR CRUSHING MATERIAL
CA3073630A CA3073630C (en) 2017-08-23 2018-08-20 Shredder device for shredding material
PCT/EP2018/072422 WO2019038227A1 (en) 2017-08-23 2018-08-20 Shredder device for shredding material
US16/794,352 US11446676B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2020-02-19 Shredder device for shredding material

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EP17187514.9A EP3446786B1 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-08-23 Shredding device for shredding material

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EP3446786A1 EP3446786A1 (en) 2019-02-27
EP3446786B1 true EP3446786B1 (en) 2019-10-16

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CA (1) CA3073630C (en)
DK (1) DK3446786T3 (en)
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PL (1) PL3446786T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3446786T (en)
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CN113546717B (en) * 2021-07-18 2023-01-03 北京民本新材料研究院有限公司 Pretreatment equipment for mixed construction waste

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US20200179938A1 (en) 2020-06-11
ES2767682T3 (en) 2020-06-18
SI3446786T1 (en) 2020-03-31
PT3446786T (en) 2020-01-22
WO2019038227A1 (en) 2019-02-28
DK3446786T3 (en) 2020-01-27
CA3073630A1 (en) 2019-02-28
US11446676B2 (en) 2022-09-20
PL3446786T3 (en) 2020-05-18
CA3073630C (en) 2022-07-12

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