EP3445916B1 - Gründungselement - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3445916B1
EP3445916B1 EP17721878.1A EP17721878A EP3445916B1 EP 3445916 B1 EP3445916 B1 EP 3445916B1 EP 17721878 A EP17721878 A EP 17721878A EP 3445916 B1 EP3445916 B1 EP 3445916B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation element
closing means
pressure chamber
ground
foundation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17721878.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3445916A1 (de
Inventor
Laurens De Neef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cape Holland Holding BV
Original Assignee
Cape Holland Holding BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cape Holland Holding BV filed Critical Cape Holland Holding BV
Publication of EP3445916A1 publication Critical patent/EP3445916A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3445916B1 publication Critical patent/EP3445916B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
    • E02D23/04—Pneumatic caissons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibrating device for inserting a foundation element, such as a foundation pile or sheet pile profile or tube, into the ground.
  • a foundation element such as a foundation pile or sheet pile profile or tube
  • Such foundation elements can be inserted into the ground on land or at sea.
  • a problem with existing vibrating systems is that due to the ground resistance great power is usually required to insert the foundation element into the ground.
  • the great resistance entails the danger of overloading of the hydraulic system and/or makes it necessary for great power to be provided for the vibrating system. This increases the insertion time of the foundation element and/or entails higher costs.
  • An object of the present invention is to obviate or reduce the above stated problems and to provide an effective vibrating system for inserting a foundation element into the ground.
  • the vibrating system for inserting a foundation element into the ground, wherein the vibrating system comprises:
  • the vibrating device also referred to as vibrator block, with a number of eccentrics in particular enables a vibration to be exerted on a foundation element, such as a foundation pile, a foundation tube, a tube and a sheet pile profile.
  • the drive of the vibrating device is formed by the motor, in a currently preferred embodiment comprising a hydraulic motor.
  • This is preferably provided in combination with a pump, in a currently preferred embodiment comprising a hydraulic pump.
  • This produces a quantity of hydraulic fluid which determines the frequency of the vibrating device.
  • the effective frequency of the vibrating device is determined in practice by the relation between the quantity of hydraulic fluid and the so-called stroke volume of the hydraulic motor, together with the transmission ratio inside the vibrating device.
  • the frequency of the vibrating device together with the eccentric moment of the vibrating device determine the impact force, i.e. the power produced by the vibrating device.
  • the maximum available power of the drive for the vibrating system is determined by the (hydraulic) pump, which is operatively connected to the (hydraulic) motor, together with the drive unit for the (hydraulic) pump.
  • a drive unit is preferably a diesel engine, although an electrically driven hydraulic pump is also possible.
  • the hydraulic pressure determines the drive force which can be realized with the vibrating system.
  • the drive force of the vibrating device is substantially used to overcome the resistance which is encountered during insertion into the ground of the foundation element, and some losses.
  • Providing the drive with an adjusting device which is configured to set the drive force of the system achieves an optimal use of the available power, while the power which can be supplied by the vibrating device to the foundation element remains substantially constant.
  • a closing means comprising one, two or more plugs or closing means
  • a pressure chamber is provided in the interior of the foundation element.
  • An overpressure can be provided in the pressure chamber during insertion into the ground of the foundation element. This achieves that the stability of the foundation element, particularly a tube, is increased. Providing an underpressure in the pressure chamber during the vibration process achieves that the foundation element will penetrate further into the ground than in a similar situation without pressure chamber. This significantly increases the effectiveness of the process, and enables a number of foundation elements to be inserted into the ground in less time. Besides installation being accelerated, an additional advantage is that a sound-reducing effect is achieved whereby the total amount of sound produced can remain limited. The risk that the foundation element may or may not reach its destination depth can in addition also be limited further. If desired, in a possible embodiment according to the invention it is also possible to provide a type of spring action with the pressure chamber during installation of the foundation element.
  • the pressure chamber is preferably brought to an overpressure, whereby an upward force is achieved.
  • This removal of a foundation element from the ground is also referred to as decommissioning.
  • One of the advantages herein is that the crane used has to lift the foundation element and possible vibrator block, but need not overcome the full resistance of the ground. This is because the upward force contributes to the decommissioning of the foundation element. Decommissioning of the foundation element is for instance applicable during removal of the foundation element after use and/or testing of the load-bearing capacity of the foundation element.
  • the pressure chamber in addition increases the buoyancy of the foundation element. This is particularly advantageous when the foundation element is transported over water, which element can hereby be displaced in floating manner. This simplifies transport of the foundation element.
  • the closing means is positioned between two outer ends of the foundation element.
  • the closing means is provided with one or more expanders for moving the closing means between an insertion configuration and a closing configuration in which the closing means is expanded.
  • Expanders enables the closing means to be placed in the foundation element in relatively simple manner.
  • the closing means is inserted and carried to the desired position while having a relatively small diameter.
  • the closing means is brought to a relatively large diameter with the expanders such that the closing means is fixed against the internal surface of the pile or tube, preferably water and/or air-tightly.
  • Expanders can be formed in diverse ways, for instance using an element extendable with a cylinder, and/or an inflatable element.
  • the closing means is preferably removable. This allows the closing means to be reused.
  • the closing means can be provided with a valve for for instance carrying air or water (passively) out of or into the pressure chamber.
  • a medium such as air or water can additionally or alternatively be carried into the pressure chamber or removed therefrom in a more active manner using a pump or compressor.
  • the vibrating system further comprises a control system for modifying the pressure in the pressure chamber.
  • control system for modifying the pressure in the pressure chamber the pressure in this pressure chamber can be monitored and preferably controlled. Use is preferably made here of one or more pressure sensors. By making use of a control system according to the invention the desired effects to be achieved with the pressure chamber can be provided in effective manner.
  • the control system is preferably suitable for controlling the above described passive and/or active manner of introducing or removing a medium, such as water or air, into or from the pressure chamber.
  • the foundation element further comprises a cutting tool configured to cut off the foundation element.
  • Providing a cutting tool is particularly advantageous during decommissioning of a foundation element. If a foundation element cannot be wholly removed from the ground, a part can be cut off so that at least a part of the foundation element can be removed.
  • optimal use is made of the available power, and the power which can be transmitted by the vibrating device to the foundation element is kept substantially constant herein during use.
  • the insertion time required and the overall amount of energy required to insert the foundation element into the ground is hereby minimized.
  • the power taken up by the foundation element is determined here by the frequency and the drive force of the vibrating device.
  • a foundation element By optimizing the taken-up power with an adjusting device in such a preferred embodiment a foundation element can be inserted into the ground in effective manner. It is here possible in practice to dispense with a conventional safety valve, or at least with the practical use thereof, whereby in conventional systems the maximum operating pressure is limited. Hydraulic fluid is carried via such a safety valve back to the reservoir, while the drive force of the vibrating device remains the same. This results in loss of power.
  • the adjusting device according to the invention increases the drive force, while the frequency is reduced. No power is hereby lost, and an effective process is achieved.
  • the invention further relates to a method for inserting a foundation element into the ground or decommissioning it, comprising the steps of:
  • the method provides the same advantages and effects as described for the vibrating system.
  • this closing means is preferably arranged in the interior of the foundation element between the two outer ends thereof. Use is preferably made here of expanders for varying the diameter of the closing means.
  • the method also preferably comprises the step of removing the closing means.
  • the method comprises the step of transporting the foundation element over water, wherein the pressure chamber created by the closing means provides buoyancy. This enables efficient transport.
  • the pressure chamber is preferably placed under an overpressure such that the stability of the foundation element is increased. This preferably improves the stability such that the foundation element can stand independently. This simplifies the insertion process.
  • Increasing the stability prior to insertion into the ground is in a possible embodiment also possible when the foundation element is not yet positioned on the ground or ground layer by making use of two closing means.
  • the pressure chamber is then situated therebetween. For insertion into the ground one of the closing means can then be opened or removed, so that the ground will once again function as second closing means and an underpressure in the pressure chamber allows the vibration process to run more efficiently, as already described above.
  • the pressure chamber is here preferably filled with a gas or liquid which is lighter than water, for instance air, for the purpose of increasing the stability.
  • the pressure chamber is placed under an underpressure for the purpose of insertion, such that the power of insertion into the ground is increased during insertion of the foundation element into the ground.
  • a smaller vibrating device can hereby suffice and/or the foundation element can be inserted into the ground more quickly.
  • the pressure chamber is placed under an overpressure such that an outward pressing or outward driving force is achieved during decommissioning of the foundation element.
  • a smaller vibrating device can hereby suffice and/or the foundation element can be decommissioned more quickly.
  • a cutting tool is preferably provided in this application. In the case that not the whole foundation element need or can be removed from the ground, the foundation element is cut off with a cutting tool during decommissioning of the foundation element.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber is preferably monitored and preferably controlled with a control system.
  • Foundation element 2 ( Figure 1 ) is held on the upper side by clamping system 4 using one or more clamps 6.
  • vibrator block 8 Arranged above clamping system 4 is vibrator block 8 which in the shown embodiment is provided with hydraulic motor 10. Further arranged above vibrator block 8 is a so-called suppressor 12 which ensures inter alia that vibrations are not transmitted via connection 14 to for instance the boom of a lifting device.
  • vibrating system 16 comprises in addition to vibrator block 8 with hydraulic motor 10 a power pack 18, wherein hydraulic hoses 20 carry hydraulic fluid, for instance an oil, to connections to suppressor 12 and back via hoses 22, wherein via suppressor 12 hydraulic fluid is carried via hydraulic hoses 24 to hydraulic motor 10 and back via hydraulic hoses 26.
  • hydraulic hoses 20, 22, 24, 26 A different configuration of hydraulic hoses 20, 22, 24, 26 is of course likewise possible.
  • power pack 18 comprises diesel engine 28 and hydraulic pump 30, which are mutually coupled using connection 32.
  • foundation pile 2 is situated partially in air 38, under water 40 and in ground 42.
  • a pile cutter 44 is further optionally provided.
  • Pressure sensor 46 whereby pressure signal 48 is sent to controller 50, is shown schematically.
  • instruction 52 can hereby be sent to actuator 54, for instance a pump, which modifies the pressure in pressure chamber 36, if required, with control action 56.
  • an underpressure is preferably applied in chamber 36 during transport and upending.
  • an overpressure is preferably applied in chamber 36 for the purpose of stable positioning.
  • an underpressure is preferably applied in chamber 36 using controller 50.
  • pile 2 When pile 2 is decommissioned from ground 42 an overpressure is preferably applied in chamber 36. If desired, a part of pile 2 can be cut off using pile cutter 44.
  • Vibrator block 8 is hereby driven and operated at a determined frequency and drive force. In the case of an increase of the resistance to a foundation element 2 being inserted into the ground, the drive force is increased according to the invention, while the frequency of vibrator block 8 decreases.
  • closing means according to the invention can be both placed in the foundation element as separate component or can be integrated therein.
  • the pressure chamber can optionally be filled with both liquid which cannot be compressed in practice, or hardly so, and/or gas which can be compressed in practice.
  • use is for instance made of water or air.
  • the choice can be made on the basis of for instance the specific application, such as insertion of the foundation element into the ground, decommissioning of the foundation element, increasing the pile stability and/or testing the load-bearing capacity.
  • the closing means can also be used to test the load-bearing force of the pile.
  • the downward load-bearing capacity of the pile can be tested by creating underpressure.
  • the upward load-bearing capacity can be tested by creating overpressure. This testing is for instance possible immediately after installation with the vibrating system. It is also possible to perform the tests at a later time, for instance in order to map the change in load-bearing capacity in the course of time.
  • Increasing the stability and/or testing the load-bearing capacity with the closing means in a possible embodiment can be done in combination with the vibrating system, but also by using only the closing means.
  • the stability is increased using in particular two closing means, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with a gas or liquid lighter than the surrounding liquid, optionally in combination with an above described vibrating device.
  • the stability is increased using one closing means, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with a gas or liquid lighter than the surrounding liquid, optionally in combination with an above described vibrating device.
  • a foundation element is inserted into the ground more efficiently by applying underpressure in the pressure chamber, in combination with vibration, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with liquid, gas or a combination of the two.
  • a foundation element is decommissioned more efficiently, in combination with vibration, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with air, water or a combination of the two.
  • the upward load-bearing capacity is tested by means of applying an overpressure, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with liquid, gas or a combination of the two, optionally in combination with a vibrating device.
  • the downward load-bearing capacity is tested by applying an underpressure, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with liquid, gas or a combination of the two, optionally in combination with a vibrating device.
  • an optional so-called pile run during installation of the pile is prevented or avoided, wherein the closing means can be closed in the case of such a pile run, wherein the pressure chamber is filled with liquid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Schwingungssystem (16), das aufweist:
    - eine Schwingungsvorrichtung (8);
    - einen Antrieb, der betriebsfähig mit der Schwingungsvorrichtung verbunden ist und einen Motor aufweist; und
    - ein Gründungselement (2), das im Boden installiert oder aus dem Boden stillgelegt werden soll, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gründungselement eine Schließeinrichtung (34) aufweist, die im Inneren des Gründungselements eingerichtet ist, um eine Druckkammer (36) im Inneren des Gründungselements zu realisieren.
  2. Schwingungssystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schließeinrichtung auf oder zwischen zwei äußeren Enden des Gründungselements positioniert ist.
  3. Schwingungssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Schließeinrichtung mit einem oder mehreren Spreizern versehen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um die Schließeinrichtung zwischen einer Einsatzkonfiguration und einer Schließkonfiguration, in der die Schließeinrichtung gespreizt ist, zu bewegen.
  4. Schwingungssystem nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, wobei die Schließeinrichtung entfernbar ist.
  5. Schwingungssystem nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Gründungselement einen Schneidgreifer (44) aufweist, der konfiguriert ist, um das Gründungselement abzuschneiden.
  6. Schwingungssystem nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das ferner ein Steuersystem (50) aufweist, das konfiguriert ist, um den Druck in der Druckkammer zu ändern.
  7. Verfahren zum Installieren oder Stilllegen eines Gründungselements, das die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - Bereitstellen eines Gründungselements (2), das installiert oder stillgelegt werden soll;
    - Bereitstellen einer Schließeinrichtung (34) in dem Gründungselement zu dem Zweck, eine Druckkammer (36) bereitzustellen;
    - Bereitstellen einer Schwingungsvorrichtung (8) an oder auf dem Gründungselement; und
    - Einsetzen oder Entfernen des Gründungselements.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei während der Bereitstellung der Schließeinrichtung, diese Schließeinrichtung im Inneren des Gründungselements auf oder zwischen seinen zwei äußeren Enden eingerichtet wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, das ferner den Schritt des Entfernens der Schließeinrichtung aufweist.
  10. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 7, 8 oder 9, das ferner den Schritt des Transportierens des Gründungselements über Wasser (40) aufweist, wobei die durch die Schließeinrichtung erzeugte Druckkammer Auftrieb bereitstellt.
  11. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche 7 - 10, wobei die Druckkammer unter einen Überdruck gesetzt wird, so dass die Stabilität des Gründungselements erhöht wird.
  12. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche 7 - 11, wobei die Druckkammer unter einen Unterdruck gesetzt wird, so dass die Leistung für das Einsetzen in die Erde (42) während der Installation des Gründungselements erhöht wird.
  13. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche 7 - 12, wobei die Druckkammer unter einen Überdruck gesetzt wird, so dass während der Stilllegung des Gründungselements eine nach außen drückende Kraft erreicht wird.
  14. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche 7 - 13, wobei das Gründungselement während der Stilllegung des Gründungselements mit einem Greifschneider (44) abgeschnitten wird.
EP17721878.1A 2016-04-18 2017-04-13 Gründungselement Active EP3445916B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2016626 2016-04-18
PCT/NL2017/050232 WO2017183962A1 (en) 2016-04-18 2017-04-13 Foundation element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3445916A1 EP3445916A1 (de) 2019-02-27
EP3445916B1 true EP3445916B1 (de) 2020-05-13

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EP (1) EP3445916B1 (de)
DK (1) DK3445916T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2017183962A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220099804A (ko) * 2021-01-07 2022-07-14 한국건설기술연구원 팽창 구조체를 이용한 해상기초의 인발공법 및 동 공법이 적용되는 인발구조가 형성된 해상기초

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017183962A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 Cape Holland Holding B.V. Foundation element
JP6855104B2 (ja) * 2019-03-27 2021-04-07 大豊建設株式会社 ニューマチックケーソンおよびその作業室とマン気閘室の気圧条件設定方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016200261A1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Vizionz Holding B.V. Foundation pile
WO2017183962A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 Cape Holland Holding B.V. Foundation element

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT363044B (de) * 1977-08-02 1981-07-10 Leffer Stahl & App Vorrichtung zum niederbringen einer verrohrten tiefbohrung zur herstellung einer verrohrten pfahlgruendung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016200261A1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Vizionz Holding B.V. Foundation pile
WO2017183962A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 Cape Holland Holding B.V. Foundation element

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220099804A (ko) * 2021-01-07 2022-07-14 한국건설기술연구원 팽창 구조체를 이용한 해상기초의 인발공법 및 동 공법이 적용되는 인발구조가 형성된 해상기초

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3445916A1 (de) 2019-02-27
DK3445916T3 (da) 2020-07-20
WO2017183962A1 (en) 2017-10-26

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