EP3439004A1 - Élément de déclenchement d'un déclencheur par pression, déclencheur par pression doté d'un tel élément de déclenchement et commutateur électrique - Google Patents

Élément de déclenchement d'un déclencheur par pression, déclencheur par pression doté d'un tel élément de déclenchement et commutateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3439004A1
EP3439004A1 EP18184233.7A EP18184233A EP3439004A1 EP 3439004 A1 EP3439004 A1 EP 3439004A1 EP 18184233 A EP18184233 A EP 18184233A EP 3439004 A1 EP3439004 A1 EP 3439004A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trigger
pressure
actuator
pressure release
electrical switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18184233.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Andersen
Pawel Biedunkiewicz
Jörg-Uwe DAHL
Erhard Deylitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE112018003947.1T priority Critical patent/DE112018003947A5/de
Priority to PCT/EP2018/070584 priority patent/WO2019025361A1/fr
Priority to US16/634,957 priority patent/US11056297B2/en
Priority to CN201880059484.3A priority patent/CN111095457A/zh
Publication of EP3439004A1 publication Critical patent/EP3439004A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H01H33/82—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/80—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve
    • H01H33/82—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas
    • H01H33/83—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid flow of arc-extinguishing fluid from a pressure source being controlled by a valve the fluid being air or gas wherein the contacts are opened by the flow of air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H01H2009/343—Venting arrangements for arc chutes with variable venting aperture function of arc chute internal pressure, e.g. resilient flap-valve or check-valve
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism
    • H01H2071/2427—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism with blow-off movement tripping mechanism, e.g. electrodynamic effect on contacts trips the traditional trip device before it can unlatch the spring mechanism by itself
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/022—Details particular to three-phase circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a triggering element of a pressure release for an electrical switch, a pressure release with a triggering element and an electrical switch with such a pressure release.
  • current-limiting switching devices in particular current-limiting circuit breakers, for example in the form of MCCBs (Molded Case Circuit Breaker), are used in widely branched power distribution networks. It is customary to operate a selective staggering with a minimum nominal current distance of the switching devices involved. Each branching level can be protected depending on the connected consumers with a suitably sized switching device against occurring overloads and short circuits.
  • MCCBs Molded Case Circuit Breaker
  • a switching device which is arranged closest to a consumer and which is often referred to as near-consumer or downstream switching device designed for the lowest nominal current. If a short-circuit current now flows both through the consumer-oriented switching device and through a switching device which is arranged in the hierarchy of the power distribution network above the consumer-oriented switching device and is often referred to as consumer-distant or upstream switching device, then only the consumer-oriented switching device should switch off. In other words, in the event of a fault (short circuit), only the switching device that is closest to the event should interrupt the flow of current.
  • the switching contact pairs of the consumer-near and the consumer remote switching device pull when opening an arc, the opening width of the switching contact pairs and the arc energy in the consumer switching device due to the lower mass moment of inertia of its movable Current path including the switching contacts are higher. This possibly single-pole opening must be followed by an all-pole switch-off of the consumer-oriented switchgear.
  • the consumer remote switching device must not switch off, in order not to separate further consumers from the power distribution network.
  • the consumer remote switching device may act by supporting the short-term switching contacts but supportive, so for example, by limiting the current contribute to the shutdown of the consumer switching device.
  • Switchgear which act staggered in power distribution networks behave selectively. In order to achieve this selectivity, it is necessary for the switching devices closest to the fault to interrupt the current paths of all the switching poles faster than the higher-level switching devices.
  • the circuit breaker disclosed in the documents comprises an overload and / or short-circuit detecting member for acting on a switch-off mechanism in the event of a fault, the automatic shutdown of the circuit breaker. Furthermore, the circuit breaker disclosed in the publications comprises an actuator responsive to an overpressure generated in the separation zone of said switch contacts by an arc drawn upon electrodynamic recoil of the switch contacts to actuate the circuit breaker of the circuit breaker.
  • a gas-tight unit is disclosed as the actuator, which is exclusively connected to the separation zone of the switching contacts and comprises a movable element, such as a piston or a membrane, with a limited control stroke.
  • the movable element is acted upon on the one hand with the said overpressure and on the other hand by a return device with adapted effective force.
  • the displacement of the movable element causes the triggering mechanism of the circuit breaker to be triggered, wherein the said adapted action recovery device is dimensioned to prevent accidental tripping on a single overload or a response of a downstream current limiting circuit breaker.
  • the extremely high temperature of the arc in the switching chamber creates a high pressure, which is used by a pressure release to trigger the electrical switching device.
  • High switching capacities result in particularly high temperatures and correspondingly high pressures, which can damage the internal pressure release.
  • the damage can be, for example, burn holes, bursting or merging, which can make the pressure release inoperative.
  • Triggering element are specified in the subclaims 2 to 5.
  • the object is also achieved according to the invention by the pressure release according to claim 6.
  • Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims 7 to 9.
  • the object is also achieved according to the invention by the electrical switch according to claim 10.
  • An advantageous embodiment is specified in the dependent claim 11.
  • the triggering element according to claim 1 comprises an actuator for a pressure release, wherein the pressure release is provided with at least one flow channel per electrical pole, wherein the at least one pole of the electrical switch comprises at least two switching contacts for closing or disconnecting a current path, wherein the switching contacts of the at least one Pols of the electric switch are separable by means of the actuator, which is responsive to a pressure (p), which is generated by a drawn in electrodynamic recoil of the switch contacts arc (LB) in a separation zone of the two switching contacts, and wherein the separation zone by means of the flow channel is connectable to the actuator, so that the actuator is guided by a housing of the trigger element between a neutral position and a trigger position, wherein after reaching the trigger position a pressure relief vented the pressure release.
  • p pressure
  • LB electrodynamic recoil of the switch contacts arc
  • the switching contacts of the at least one pole of the electrical switch are disconnected in the tripping position.
  • the actuating member is movable in a guide of the housing between a neutral position and a triggering position.
  • a recess in the guide of the housing effects a pressure relief of the pressure release in the triggering position.
  • triggering element causes a bore, a slot or other type of opening in the housing pressure relief of the pressure release in the trip position.
  • the pressure release according to claim 6 comprises a triggering element according to the invention.
  • the pressure release according to the invention is optimized for rapid triggering. In its construction, it can be built compact, so that the paths for the compressed air are kept short, which can ensure a faster release.
  • the pressure release according to the invention can be designed as an assembly with integrated non-return valves on the interface to the Polkassetten.
  • this comprises at least one check valve, which allows a flow only from the separation zone in the direction of the actuator.
  • valve elements each with a check valve and a respective flow channel and the triggering element with the actuating member, wherein the at least two valve elements and the triggering element are designed to be plugged together.
  • this comprises closing elements and connecting elements which connect or close the at least two valve elements or the triggering element.
  • the electrical switch according to claim 10 comprises a plurality of poles and a pressure release according to the invention, wherein the plurality of poles of the electrical switch each comprise at least two switching contacts for closing or disconnecting a current path, wherein the switching contacts of the plurality of poles of the electrical switch are separated by means of the actuating member, the a pressure (p) responsive, which is generated by a drawn in electrodynamic recoil of the switching contacts arc (LB) in a separation zone of the two switching contacts, and wherein the separation zones are connected by means of the flow channels with the actuator.
  • the plurality of poles of the electrical switch each comprise at least two switching contacts for closing or disconnecting a current path, wherein the switching contacts of the plurality of poles of the electrical switch are separated by means of the actuating member, the a pressure (p) responsive, which is generated by a drawn in electrodynamic recoil of the switching contacts arc (LB) in a separation zone of the two switching contacts, and wherein the separation zones are connected by means of the flow channels with
  • these two or three electrical poles and the pressure release comprise three or four flow channels.
  • FIG. 1 a pressure release 100 for an electrical switch 1000 is shown.
  • the pressure release 100 comprises a housing 190 of a first housing part 191 and a second housing part 192.
  • On the second housing part 192 are flow channels 151; 152; 153 attached to the separation zones 1201; 1202; 1203 of the electric pole 1101; 1102; 1103 of the electrical switch 1000 cooperate and are connectable.
  • a multi-pole electrical switch 1000 is in FIG. 4 shown. It comprises several poles 1101; 1102; 1103, each with at least two switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223 for closing or disconnecting a current path. Electric switches 1000 with two switching contacts are simply called interrupting electrical switches, with more than two switching contacts is spoken by multiple interrupting switches.
  • the pressure release 100 is suitable for single-break and multi-break electrical switches 1000.
  • the multipolar electrical switch 1000 may have three electrical poles 1101; 1102; 1103 include.
  • the switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212 1222; 1213, 1223 of the plurality of poles 1101; 1102; 1103 of the electrical switch 1000 can be separated by actuation of the trigger lever 1500 by means of an actuator 110 of the trigger 100, wherein the actuator 110 is responsive to a pressure (p) by a electrodynamic recoil of the switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223 drawn arc (LB) in a separation zone 1201, 1202, 1203 of the respective two switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223 is generated.
  • p a pressure
  • LB drawn arc
  • the separation zones 1201; 1202; 1203 are by means of the flow channels 151; 152; 153 connected to the actuator 110. This means that the pressure (p) present in the separation zones 1201; 1202; 1203 due to the drawn arc (LB) is formed within the pressure release 100 to the actuator 110 is fluidically directed.
  • the trigger 100 further includes check valves 161; 162; 163, such as in FIG. 2 shown.
  • the check valves 161; 162; 163 are at the respective flow channels 151; 152; 153, leaving only one flow from the respective separation zones 1201; 1202; 1203 in the direction of the actuator 110 to.
  • the check valves 161; 162; 163 to prevent flow from a separation zone 1201; 1202; 1203 to another separation zone 1201; 1202; 1203 of the pole 1101; 1102; 1103 of the electric switch 100 is possible.
  • the check valve 161 includes according to FIG. 2 a tongue 181 which, when at rest, covers the flow channel 151 as shown in FIG FIG. 2 is shown. At a pressure (p) in the separation zone 1201 associated with the flow channel 151, the tongue 181 releases the flow channel 151 and a flow corresponding to FIG. 2 down is enabled. Tongue 181 is then in the position shown in dashed lines.
  • the pressure release 100 comprises a common collection chamber 170 which is between the respective check valves 161; 162; 163 and the actuator 110 is arranged.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in which a flow through the flow channel 151 and the non-return valve located at the end 161 is in the common collecting chamber 170. Due to the pressure increase in the common collection chamber 170, the actuator 110 as shown in FIG. 3 deflected upward and actuates the release lever 1500 of the switching mechanism of the multi-pole electric switch 1000th
  • the actuator 110 may be formed as a plunger for actuating the release lever 1500 of the switch latch. Furthermore, the actuator 110 may be provided with a spring and held by this spring in a rest position. At pressure (p), the actuator 110 can be actuated against the spring force of this spring. As a result, for example, the response of the pressure release 100 can be adjusted by the selection of the spring.
  • tongue 181 may be made of aramid, for example.
  • Aramid is a particularly temperature-resistant material, which is still flexible and flexible and a deflection of the tongue 181 of the in FIG. 2 shown rest position in the deflected position in dashed lines allowed.
  • the response of the check valve 161 may be adjusted by the material thickness of the tab 181. Likewise, by choosing the material of the tongue 181, due to the stiffness of this material, the response can be adjusted.
  • the tongue 181 can be held between the first housing part 191 and the second housing part 192 of the pressure release 100.
  • the holding zone of the tongue 181 can have an angle ( ⁇ ) and / or a bending radius which is formed in the first housing part 191 and second housing part 192, respectively is and thus represents a bias of the tongue 181 for closing the flow channel 151.
  • the response of the check valve 161 can also be adjusted.
  • the termination elements 145; 145 ', the connecting elements 146, the valve elements 141; 142; 143 and the trigger element 147 can be connected by laser beam welding, ultrasonic welding, gluing or other joining methods to ensure the highest possible gas tightness.
  • a modular pressure release 100 is shown. This comprises valve elements 141; 142; 143 each having a check valve 161; 162; 163 and a respective flow channel 151; 152; 153 (not in the representation of FIG. 5 contain). Further includes in FIG. 5 shown pressure release 100 a trigger element 147 for the separation of the switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223.
  • the trigger element 147 is equipped for this purpose with an actuator 110, for example a plunger.
  • the valve elements 141; 142; 143 and the trigger element 147 are formed together.
  • closing elements 145; 145 'and connecting elements 146 are provided for the mechanical construction of the modular pressure release 100.
  • the termination elements 145; 145 'and the connecting elements 146 serve the mating structure of a pressure release 100 together with the valve elements 141; 142; 143 and the trigger element 147th
  • An advantage of the modular pressure release 100 is that this to electrical switches 1000 with different numbers to Poland 1101; 1102; 1103 can be used and adapted to this. Higher quantities of the individual elements such as the valve elements 141; 142; 143 allow cost-effective production. Also, a mechanical tolerance compensation between the phases by means of the modular pressure release 100 can be made.
  • the switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223 are closed and the actuator 110 is in the neutral position.
  • the housing 148 of the trigger member 147 has a bore 149, which is covered and closed by the actuator 110. As a result, the vent is closed and a pressure build-up in the pressure release 100 is made possible.
  • the triggering of the electrical switch 1000 begins. By disconnecting the switching contacts 1211, 1221; 1212, 1222; 1213, 1223 in the separation zone 1201; 1202; In 1203, an arc (LB) is created, which heats its surroundings, resulting in high pressure. This overpressure sets the actuator 110 in motion (as shown in FIG FIG. 6B upward) and triggers the electrical switch 1000. Until the time of release, the vent is closed (bore 149 is obscured by the actuator 110), so that the pressure can not be significantly reduced by this time.
  • LB arc
  • the vent may be a bore 149 but also have the shape of a slot.
  • the actuator 110 can be pushed down by a torsion spring in the switch lever and thereby moved to the home position, as shown in FIG. 6D is shown.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B An alternative pressure relief is in the FIGS. 7A and 7B shown.
  • a recess 150 in the form of a broadening in the leadership of the housing 148 may also be in a predefined position, a pressure relief caused by the hot gases can then flow past the actuator 110.
  • the recess 150 may only be partially attached to the guide of the housing 148, thus only at certain points of the circumference. This ensures that the actuator 110 continues to be guided despite the recess 150 and not tilted or blocked.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP18184233.7A 2017-08-01 2018-07-18 Élément de déclenchement d'un déclencheur par pression, déclencheur par pression doté d'un tel élément de déclenchement et commutateur électrique Withdrawn EP3439004A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112018003947.1T DE112018003947A5 (de) 2017-08-01 2018-07-30 Auslöseelement eines Druckauslösers, Druckauslöser mit solch einem Auslöseelement und elektrischer Schalter
PCT/EP2018/070584 WO2019025361A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2018-07-30 Élément déclencheur d'un déclencheur de pression, déclencheur de pression doté d'un tel élément déclencheur et commutateur électrique
US16/634,957 US11056297B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2018-07-30 Trigger element of a pressure trigger, pressure trigger with a trigger element of this kind and electric switch
CN201880059484.3A CN111095457A (zh) 2017-08-01 2018-07-30 压力触发装置的触发元件、具有这种触发元件的压力触发装置和电气开关

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017213238 2017-08-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3439004A1 true EP3439004A1 (fr) 2019-02-06

Family

ID=62985979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18184233.7A Withdrawn EP3439004A1 (fr) 2017-08-01 2018-07-18 Élément de déclenchement d'un déclencheur par pression, déclencheur par pression doté d'un tel élément de déclenchement et commutateur électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US11056297B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3439004A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111095457A (fr)
DE (2) DE102018211995B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019025361A1 (fr)

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DE102018211995B4 (de) 2017-08-01 2020-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Druckauslöser für einen elektrischen Schalter und elektrischer Schalter mit solch einem Druckauslöser
DE102019220433B4 (de) * 2019-12-20 2022-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rückstellelement und elektrischer Schalter mit solch einem Rückstellelement
WO2023137324A1 (fr) * 2022-01-11 2023-07-20 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Commutateur piézoélectrique à force de contact et déplacement réglables

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DE69217441T2 (de) 1991-10-15 1997-07-10 Schneider Electric Sa Baureihe von Niederspannungsschaltern mit Formstoffgehäusen
EP2081202A2 (fr) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation, notamment disjoncteur
DE102008039152A1 (de) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Lichtbogen-Löschvorrichtung
DE102009015126A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2010-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102011077359A1 (de) 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
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Publication number Publication date
DE102018211995B4 (de) 2020-12-10
DE112018003947A5 (de) 2020-05-20
DE102018211995A1 (de) 2019-02-07
US20190043679A1 (en) 2019-02-07
US10971316B2 (en) 2021-04-06
WO2019025361A1 (fr) 2019-02-07
US11056297B2 (en) 2021-07-06
US20200219686A1 (en) 2020-07-09
CN111095457A (zh) 2020-05-01

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