EP3423247A1

EP3423247A1 - Mold frame having a displaceable mold wall, use of the mold frame, and mold wall system having a displaceable mold wall

Info

Publication number: EP3423247A1
Application number: EP17713576.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Josef Ott; Tom Griffith; Andreas Wörz
Original assignee: Rampf Formen GmbH
Current assignee: Rampf Formen GmbH
Priority date: 2016-03-01
Filing date: 2017-03-01
Publication date: 2019-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-01
Also published as: US20190070750A1; PL3423247T3; ES2905679T3; WO2017148585A1; CA3015866C; CA3015866A1; EP3423247B1; DE102016002435A1; US10814523B2; HUE057938T2

Abstract

The invention relates to a mold frame (1) for producing molded pieces (19), comprising: at least one mold cavity (7), the at least one mold cavity (7) being delimited by a plurality of mold walls, wherein at least one mold wall of the mold cavity (7) is a mold wall (9) which is displaceably mounted on the mold frame (1).

Description

"Form frame with movable mold wall, use of the mold frame and a mold wall system with movable mold wall"

description

The subject of the application relates to a mold frame for the production of molded pieces, in particular of concrete, which have at least one side wall, which is structured and / or at least partially inclined to the vertical.

In places such as gardens, living rooms, offices, etc., often a creative building with artificial stones is desired. It is desirable that the artificial building blocks have a natural appearance while being easy and quick to install. Structures on visible side walls of the concrete blocks can imitate a natural appearance. Further, it may be desirable that concrete blocks have horizontal or oblique depressions and / or elevations on the side walls, so that a wall can gain stability, for example by tongue and groove connection of the individual concrete blocks. For round arches, it is desirable that the concrete blocks have at least one bevelled side wall. In other words, at least one side wall should not be completely vertical to a bottom side of the concrete block. With the present invention, it is possible to form concrete blocks, which have at least one side wall, which is structured or uneven to mimic a natural shape or imitate. Alternatively or additionally, the side wall may be at least partially inclined or tilted to the vertical and thus be suitable in particular for curved or non-rectilinear walls and / or round arches.

It can also be provided that instead of a multiple hinge suspension system consisting of a mold wall is fixed to the support wall so that the mold wall along an inclined plane and with the aid of a sliding roller along the support wall can slide. Such a system comprises an inclined plane as a sliding plane and at least one guiding role. As a further alternative to the levers or pivoting arms described above, a suspension may be provided, which obliquely extending slots Having guide elements.

Conventional mold frames for the manufacture of artificial concretes include a lattice-like mold frame having a mold cavity or a plurality of mold cavities. During the filling of the mold cavities with a molding material, such as concrete, the mold frames usually lie on a floorboard and are filled over the upper open side of the mold cavities. After a compression process of the shaped pieces by, for example, vibration and / or pressing, the mold frame or shuttering frame is displaced vertically upward, so that the shaped pieces remain on the bottom element and can be removed or moved for further processing. Alternatively, the production base or the floor element can also be displaced or lowered, so that the shaped pieces remain on the floor element and can be removed or moved for further processing.

A rise of the mold frame for emptying the mold cavities is not possible if at least one side wall of the concrete blocks has an uneven or textured surface and / or not vertical with respect to the bottom element side wall, in particular, if the shape of the concrete block conical down to the Tapered floor element. A structured surface of a mold wall and a corresponding shaped side wall of the mold engage with each other such that upon an upward movement of the mold frame, the mold body jammed in the mold frame and can not slide out of the mold frame due to gravity. Accordingly, this also applies to planar side walls, which may be structured but are not perpendicular to the floor element. Such concrete blocks may include, for example, side walls, which may be unstructured, but have an acute angle not equal to 90 degrees to each other, as it is imperative, for example, curve stones. In other words, these concrete blocks in a side view have a substantially trapezoidal projection, such as upside-down truncated pyramids or upside-down truncated cones.

Often, pressure pieces, which compress the not yet hardened concrete blocks by pressing the molding material in the mold cavities, also used for ejecting the fittings. In undercuts and jamming of the fittings in the mold cavities, the fittings would be destroyed during ejection by the plungers. To the To be able to remove moldings with a structured side from the mold cavity, the mold frame must either be laboriously dismantled or mold walls of the mold cavities must be moved or offset, so that the mold cavities open and the moldings are exposed. Therefore, demoulding moldings having uneven or vertical or inclined side walls from a rigid frame by dismantling the frame is very time consuming and unprofitable.

The horizontal method or pivoting or displacement of mold walls is already known, but in many ways has great disadvantages, since the mold frames require complicated drive units, such as motors, hydraulic cylinders and / or pneumatic cylinders.

EP0667220 A 1 discloses a concrete block mold comprising one or more mold cavities formed by two vertical side walls and two vertical partitions arranged parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the mold. For demolding of moldings having undercuts, the intermediate walls in the longitudinal direction of the mold are horizontally extendable. In the case of molds with a plurality of mold cavities, in each case the partitions which can be extended in the same direction are firmly connected to each other by at least two guide rails mounted longitudinally displaceably in the side parts of the mold. As a result, all moldings can be removed simultaneously in the shortest possible time.

In the case of mold frames, which comprise mold walls which can be displaced via a hydraulic / pneumatic and / or electric drive, the mold walls can not build up sufficient backpressure for filling and / or pressing in the event of a pressure drop in the hydraulic / pneumatic or a fault in the electric drive. As a result, the movable mold walls can be pressed apart. The inner volume of the mold cavities can thus be greater than desired. To wall a wall of irregularly shaped stones is statically complicated and takes a lot of time, because it is necessary to compensate for irregularities caused by different sized stones. Even with the slightest deviations of a few millimeters in height, width or length of the fittings, these fittings must therefore be disposed of. Therefore, during the production of molded frame fittings comprising hydraulic / pneumatic mold walls, it is necessary to continuously measure the fittings and check for irregularities. Also, such hydraulic / pneumatic systems or electric drives are not only expensive to buy and maintain, but take up a lot of space in the mold frame, so that the effectively usable space for mold nests is greatly reduced.

Another disadvantage of horizontally movable mold walls is that during demoulding the mold walls can grind along the floor element and thus both the floor element and the horizontally movable mold walls can be damaged or at least wear out the contact points between the movable mold walls and the floor element. By already cured residues of mold material such as concrete, the horizontally movable mold wall can even jam with the bottom element. A jammed wall can mean that the concrete block in question can not be completely removed from the mold and thus the entire system must be stopped. If the jammed mold wall is not immediately noticed and the concrete block molding machine is stopped, there is even a risk of serious damage to the frame and other components of the concrete block molding machine. Spare parts and a repair, which can also mean a long failure of the concrete block forming machine, are costly and also often require expensive trained personnel.

It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved mold frame, which makes it possible to remove moldings with at least one structured molded piece side quickly and easily.

The object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred developments emerge from the subclaims.

One aspect of the invention relates to a mold frame for the production of moldings or concrete blocks, comprising:

at least one mold cavity, wherein the at least one mold cavity is bounded by a plurality of substantially vertical mold walls, wherein at least one mold wall of the mold cavity is a mold wall, which is displaceable, in particular pivotally mounted on the mold frame or on a support wall of the mold frame.

Preferably, the at least one mold wall can be mounted pivotably on the mold frame by means of a multiple joint guide. Preferably, the mold wall is arranged displaceably on the mold frame.

Preferably, the pivotable or movable mold wall can be structured and / or embossed. Further preferably, the pivotable or displaceable mold wall can be tilted or inclined at least in regions to the vertical in an operating position, so that the mold cavity tapers from the upper end of the mold frame towards the lower end of the mold frame or towards the floor element in the operating position.

Preferably, the pivotable mold wall may be tilted at an operating position between 0.5 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the vertical, more preferably between 1 degrees and 30 degrees, even more preferably between 2 degrees and 15 degrees and also preferably between 3 and 10 degrees. Here, the angle between a vertical and pivotable or movable mold wall is considered in the operating position, wherein the vertical runs through the edge between the swivel or movable mold wall and floor element and through the inner volume of the mold cavity.

In this application, the vertical corresponds to the direction of a gravitational force of a body directed to the center of the earth.

With operating position, the position of the mold frame is referred to, in which the mold frame or the mold walls rest on a floor element and the mold cavities can be filled.

A mold frame with the features of the present invention is, inter alia, robust and resistant to mechanical and / or hydraulic / pneumatic disturbances, has an effective use of space, is easy to clean and allows easy assembly and disassembly. Further, a mold frame with the features of the subject invention is impervious to soiling and all parts can be made with a generous tolerance without sacrificing the required in-die rigidity. These advantages will be apparent from the description of the following preferred embodiments. An advantage of the mold frame with the features of the present invention is that the mold frame does not include complicated and space-filling systems, for example hydraulic / pneumatic cylinders and / or electric drives. Thus, a larger number of mold cavities are provided for molded parts, as saved by the saving of, for example, electric motors and / or hydraulically / pneumatically movable mold wall systems a lot of space in the mold frame. Another advantage is that the assembly and disassembly of the mold frame is very simple and fast and therefore cost-effective and no specially trained professionals are required for assembly or disassembly. In the event of faults or damage to the mold frame, they can be quickly and easily repaired so that the concrete block forming machine only has to be stopped for a short time. Since the mold frame works without hydraulics / pneumatics to open the mold cavities, eliminating interference by pressure drops or leaks in the hydraulic / pneumatic lines or cylinder. In addition, there is no danger that the fittings can be contaminated by escaping hydraulic fluid. Maintenance and cleaning is easy and fast due to the small number of parts and easy accessibility. In addition, additional energy consumption for a hydraulic / pneumatic system and / or electric drives is saved.

Another advantage of the mold frame with the features of the present invention is that due to the simple mechanical design of the mold frame and in particular the arrangement of the pivotable or displaceable mold wall no interventions in the machine control and / or complex adjustments are necessary. Also, the process time of the production of fittings or concrete blocks is not extended.

In contrast to the above-described known mold frames with hydraulically / pneumatically and / or electrically driven movable mold walls, in the mold frame with the features of the present invention, advantageously the production area or the production volume is better utilized. In other words, the available space or space of the mold frame is used more effectively and efficiently because the pivotable or movable mold wall requires considerably less volume than, for example, hydraulic / pneumatic cylinders and / or electric motors occupy in known mold frames.

The mold frame according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to form moldings or concrete blocks with at least one uneven or structured and / or embossed side wall and / or at least one side wall, which is not vertical or vertical with respect to a floor element. The mold walls are preferably four sides of a preferably cuboid mold cavity or cavity. The Shape of a molding is essentially given by the mold cavity, the bottom element and the pressure piece or the piston.

The mold frame preferably has a grid structure. Thus, each grid gap may be or include a mold cavity so that a mold frame may have a plurality of mold cavities. This allows the simultaneous formation of a variety of fittings or concrete blocks.

The mold frame may be displaceable in a vertical direction so that the mold frame can be lowered onto a floor member. The mold frame and thus the at least one mold cavity or the plurality of mold cavities are open at the top and bottom. By lowering or displacing the mold frame onto the bottom element, the lower side of the mold cavity is closed and the mold cavity can be filled with molding material. However, it can also be provided that the mold frame is not displaced and instead the bottom element is vertically displaceable, so that the bottom element can close or limit the mold cavity or the mold cavity from below. Thus, the underside of the mold cavity or the mold cavity is formed in each case by a portion of the bottom element.

The upper side of the mold cavity is preferably delimited by a piston or pressure piece, which can be lowered from above, of a mold upper part. Thus, the shape of the upper mold side of a mold is determined by the surface shape of the piston. Conventionally, a certain pressure can be exerted on the molding material of the molding with the piston so that a desired compression takes place. This is preferably achieved by hydraulic / pneumatic power transmission via the piston or the pressure piece and / or preferably by vibration, which can be generated for example by unbalance motors. Preferably, the fittings are based on concrete or cement mixture stones. However, this does not exclude that the fittings can be made of other materials.

Preferably, the artificial stones can be prepared bound mineral, preferably cement and lime are used for binding. The fittings can but also made of resin-bound materials, which are also made with aggregates of, for example, sands and / or broken rocks.

Such artificially produced stones are used, inter alia, for window sills, stairs, floor coverings, wall tiles and walls. In particular, in places such as ornamental gardens, living rooms, offices, fireplaces, fish ponds, cemeteries, climbing gyms or swimming pools is often a natural aesthetics and haptics of building with concrete blocks, for example desired. Therefore, it is preferred that fittings have especially naturally appearing shapes. At the same time, however, the fittings should fit accurately and quickly and be walled. For example, concrete blocks may be formed with the present invention having at least one textured or uneven sidewall mimicking a natural shape of a natural stone, and / or at least one sidewall that is not vertical with respect to a floor element, for example Concrete blocks for curved wall sections.

In the present mold frame is a mold frame, which is used in particular in self-working concrete block molding machines. Preferably, the mold frame is made of a hard material such as steel. However, the mold frame can also be made of other metals or metal alloys.

The hardness and rigidity of the material ensures that the mold frame can not distort or deform during operation. This avoids that warped concrete blocks are formed by warped mold frame on the one hand, and on the other hand that the concrete block forming machine itself takes damage. However, the mold frame can be partially or completely made of other materials such as wood or plastic or composites with a sufficient rigidity and resilience.

A mold cavity is preferably formed by four mold walls, wherein at least one mold wall is structured and / or inclined to the vertical and is connected by the multi-joint guide with a support wall of the mold frame, so that the pivotable mold wall with preferably parallel alignment with the support wall of the mold frame on a circular arc-shaped path is pivotable or movable. In other words, during the demoulding process, the mold wall may be displaced downward relative to the mold frame due to gravity, in the sense of a gravitational force of the mold wall directed towards the center of the earth. The advantageous multiple joint guide is formed by preferably two levers, which are substantially vertically offset from one another or are arranged one below the other.

Here, both levers can be the same length, so that the pivotable mold wall is pivotable parallel to the supporting wall of the mold frame during pivoting.

However, the levers can also be different lengths. In levers of different lengths, the mold wall pivots with a tilting movement or a folding movement. In other words, when the mold frame is raised, the mold wall tilts or pivots out of an operating position and when the mold frame is lowered onto the floor element into an operating position. Preferably, the upper lever may be formed longer than the lower lever. This is particularly advantageous since during vertical movement of the mold frame, the pivotable mold wall attached to the support wall of the mold frame also tilts during horizontal and vertical pivoting. Such trained levers are particularly suitable for the production of fittings with Gegenkonizität. This means that at least one side wall of the shaped piece is at least partially inclined to the vertical. In this case, the side walls may be smooth or at least partially or over the entire surface, for example, embossed or structured. Preferably, during the filling of the mold cavity, the pivotable mold wall with the lower edge remains on the upper side of the production base or the floor element - as well as the concrete block or the fitting - and pivots away during the Entschalens or demoulding in one direction with a horizontal component. The maximum amount of movement is dependent on the length of the joint pieces or lever or lever arms and their maximum rotation angle.

Preferably, the pivoting is much greater than necessary due to the structure. The advantage here is that the acceleration speeds of the pivoting of the mold frame are greater by a larger pivoting and thus a better cleaning effect can be generated. By the longer way the the form wall while panning, the mold wall is accelerated more. By abruptly stopping the mold wall due to reaching the maximum deflection of the lever or a stop member, which can limit a pivoting, possibly adhering mold material, such as moist concrete, knocked off or knocked off or shaken off the mold wall or can be adhering mold material easier to solve. Thus, an improved cleaning result is achieved.

It is preferably avoided that the articulated rod does not pivot completely vertically, i. always takes an angle less than 90 degrees, otherwise a provision in the work area when lowering the mold would not be ensured on the production document.

More preferably, the pivot angle is kept relatively small, so that a maximum horizontal path of the mold wall is slightly larger than the Bossierungstiefe or Gegenkonizität. By a longer articulated arm or lever or by two unequal length levers, a softer detachment can also result during the pivoting away of the mold wall from the stone surface. In addition, the forces are reduced to the bearings and in somewhat stiff bearings increases the torque, which is determined by the lever lengths and the mold wall weight.

It is also advantageous in this respect that the mold wall does not run too stiff and that too much force is not introduced from the stone on its soft side structure on the mold wall. Next is also a coordinated bearing clearance of hardships, which withstands both the concrete contamination and still does not have too much joint play, as this game causes irregularities on the stone. When closed, the mold wall should have only a slight play, ideally no play upwards, since otherwise a rear horizontal movement can begin as soon as the angle of the toggle rod deviates from the horizontal. Advantageously, in the closed state or when the mold frame is in a lowermost Befüllposition or operating position, the position of the lever parallel to the bottom element, ie horizontally or perpendicular to the pivotable mold wall. From this position, the pivotable mold wall can easily pivot when the mold frame is raised. Further advantageous, however, may be that in a closed state, the lever may be inclined at a small angle upwards to the horizontal. In this case, a higher vertical force is needed to open the mold wall. However, the angle must not deviate too much from the horizontal, as otherwise the required Entschalkräfte or demolding forces are too large and the stone can be damaged. A small angle may be given because the shape is usually raised very quickly and the mold wall also has a certain inertia. This is of course only given if the shape and not the production document is moved. Here, the angle of the lever may preferably be 1 degree with respect to the horizontal upward. More preferably, the angle may be 3 degrees, more preferably 5 degrees, even more preferably 10 degrees, and also preferably 1 to 5 degrees. More preferably, the lever may occupy an angle between 0 and 30 degrees, more preferably an angle between 25 and 1 degrees, even more preferably an angle between 1 5 and 2 degrees and also preferably an angle between 10 and 3 degrees. Particularly preferred is an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the mold wall (back) with a clearance of more or less than 5 degrees.

Also advantageous may be that the lever can be inclined at an angle downwards. In this case, the mold wall can easily open on a large horizontal path. However, this can be critical if due to vibration the mold raises slightly from the production tray as it will open at least one mold cavity or mold cavity and the concrete block formed therein will become larger and larger, which may cause the other mold walls to fail more completely in contact with the production document. For this reason, the compression of the horizontal position of the levers should be the goal. However, the downwardly inclined position of the lever arms may also be considered if the weight of the mold walls ensures constant contact with the floor element.

Further advantageous may be that the lever bearings or the joint bearings comprise at least one toggle. By the further lever very large closure forces can be applied. It can be provided that only the at least one upper lever or the at least one lower lever comprises or is a toggle lever. However, it may also be provided that the at least one upper and the at least one lower lever comprise or are toggle levers. Thus, even greater closure forces can be applied. This can be an unwanted opening of the mold cavities during the compression process prevent.

More preferably, two, three or (all) four mold walls of a mold cavity can be pivotable mold walls. This may apply to all mold cavities of a mold frame or only for at least one mold cavity or for a part of the mold cavities of the mold frame. A mold frame may also include mold cavities with different numbers of pivotable mold walls. In other words, a mold frame may have at least one mold cavity which does not comprise any pivotable mold walls and further mold cavities which comprise at least one or more pivotable mold walls.

When the mold frame is moved down in a vertical direction, a lower edge of the swingable mold wall comes into contact with the floor member. Since the structured mold wall is connected to the mold frame via the multiple joint guide, the swiveling mold wall is displaced on the arcuate path to the mold frame as the downward movement of the mold frame progresses. Due to the circular arc-shaped pivoting by means of the multi-joint guide, the pivotable mold wall is moved horizontally along the floor element upon contact with the floor element. Are all the pivot levers the same length and mounted parallel to each other between the mold frame and mold wall, the pivotable mold wall pivots at any time in the orientation substantially parallel to the mold frame or remains in the vertical. If the pivoting levers are all the same length but not mounted parallel to one another, then the pivotable mold wall also pivots in its inclination. By such a parallel displacement but also when the lever arms are of different lengths, an edge closure between the at least one pivotable mold wall of a mold cavity and the bottom element can be produced, as well as between the pivotable mold wall and the adjacent mold walls. The adjoining mold walls can in turn be further pivotable mold walls. The adjacent mold walls can also be flat supporting walls of the mold frame.

The multi-joint guide may preferably comprise two pivot levers. In this case, the two pivoting levers can preferably be arranged vertically one above the other with respect to the base element. The pivot levers are each connected to the mold frame via a pivot point. The other two ends of the pivot levers are each about a pivot point connected to the back of the pivotable mold wall.

However, the multi-joint guide can also have three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve or more pivot lever. Here, at least one pivot lever is preferably arranged offset in a plane below or above in the vertical direction of the other or the other pivot lever, in particular to allow a parallel pivoting of the pivotable mold wall to the mold frame.

However, it can also be provided that only one pivot lever connects the pivotable mold wall to the mold frame pivotable parallel. Thus, by a lever with, for example, a cable system and / or a gear system and / or a shaft, the mold wall lining can be pivoted vertically parallel to the shuttering frame. This has the advantage that only one point of contact between the pivot lever and pivotable mold wall or mold frame has to be loosened or fastened for disassembly or assembly. This saves time and is cost effective, since less Verbindungsmittei must be loosened or tightened like screws.

It is further preferred that the pivotable mold wall can extend substantially over a length which represents at least two or more side lengths of a mold cavity, so that a pivotable mold wall limits at least two or more mold cavities. Therefore, a plurality of adjacent mold cavities can be simultaneously bounded by a portion of a pivotable mold wall.

Next, two over several mold cavities extending, pivotable mold walls may be opposite. This has the advantage that the number of individual parts of the formwork system or mold frame is minimized and so a quick and easy assembly and disassembly is possible.

Preferably, the pivotable mold wall can be exchangeably connected to the mold frame. By loosening the connection of multiple joint guide and pivoting mold wall, the mold wall can be removed and replaced. Thus, the pivotable mold wall can be replaced by another pivotable mold wall with, for example, another mold surface or structuring. This reduces costs because only one mold frame is needed to make concrete blocks with differently shaped mold side walls. This makes it a very possible produce wide assortment of various moldings or fittings. More preferably, the pivotable mold wall together with the multi-joint guide can be separated from the mold frame. The connection between the multiple joint guide and the pivotable mold wall and the support wall of the mold frame is preferably a hinge, which is secured by screwing. This allows a quick assembly and disassembly of the pivotable mold wall. However, the pivot connection can also be provided by a plug-in system and / or a clamping system, whereby a fast detachable and secure connection between the pivotable mold wall and the or the pivot lever is made possible.

The possibility of quick replacement of the pivotable mold wall by a few handles is also advantageous if a pivotable mold wall, for example, is damaged. The pivotable mold wall can be dismantled by a few simple steps and replaced by a new pivoting mold wall. The repair of a damaged pivoting mold wall is facilitated by the rapid disassembly, since it is easier to repair the damaged pivotable mold wall in the disassembled state.

It is further preferred that at least the surface of the pivotable mold wall, which comes into contact with moist concrete in the production of, for example, concrete blocks, is coated in such a way that the concrete can not or only slightly adhere to the pivotable mold wall. This avoids that the still moist concrete adheres to the pivotable mold wall and the concrete block is damaged or deformed during demolding. Possible non-stick coatings may include, for example, polymers such as Teflon® or polytetrafluoroethene or elastic rubber, which prevents adhesion of the concrete, for example, by the preferably hydrophobic properties. The surface of the structured surface may also be sprayed or painted before being filled with concrete with an anti-sticking agent such as water, oil, silicone, etc. The properties of the coating, in particular the pivotable mold wall can be adjusted depending on the material used for the fittings. The mold frame and in particular the mold walls can be heated or heated by means of a heating element. This is advantageous over unwanted adhesion of the molding material to the mold walls. Preferably, the mold cavities have a substantially cuboidal inner volume, wherein at least one mold wall is structured. However, it can also be provided that the, for example, cuboid mold cavities or mold cavities comprise three or four pivotable or displaceable mold walls. Thus, essentially cuboid concrete blocks can be formed, which have correspondingly two, three, or four uneven or structured sides. The term cuboidal includes all rectangular shapes, wherein the inner angle between adjacent mold walls of a mold cavity can either be exactly 90 degrees to each other or greater or less than 90 degrees. Thus, fittings can be made, which can be used for example for freestanding walls, so that both sides of a wall show the textured sides of the form. Fittings comprising three structured mold sides can be used as end pieces of, for example, a freestanding wall. Fittings with four swiveling or movable mold walls can be used for columns.

It can further be provided that the mold cavities are delimited with only three mold walls, wherein at least one mold wall is a pivotable or displaceable mold wall, so that the mold cavity essentially represents a triangular prism with at least one pivotable or displaceable mold wall. It can further be provided that the at least one mold cavity can also have five, six, seven, eight or more mold walls, wherein the at least one mold cavity comprises at least one pivotable or displaceable mold wall. It is understood that also a plurality or all mold walls can be pivoted or displaceable mold walls.

Thus, concrete blocks or fittings with three, five, six, seven, eight or more side walls can be formed, wherein at least one vertical side of the concrete blocks is formed uneven or structured or has at least one undercut. Round shaped pieces are advantageous, for example for the walls of curvy masonry or walls, which have a curved course. Depending on the radius of curvature of the wall, the shaped pieces can comprise more or less than four sides of the shape, wherein at least one side wall is structured, so that the wall also has a natural-looking structured surface in a curved area. Further advantageously, a clamping element such as a coil spring or an elastic band between the pivotable mold wall and the mold frame, in particular on the supporting wall of the mold frame to which the pivotable mold wall is attached, be attached. The clamping element can thus bias the pivotable mold wall. The tensioning element provides gravity in addition to an additional force which retracts the mold wall lining during demolding parallel in the direction of the formwork frame and thus displaces the at least one pivotable mold wall on a circular arc-shaped path parallel to the mold frame. This avoids that the molded concrete block and the at least one pivotable mold wall remain in positive engagement as soon as the mold frame is displaced vertically upward and thereby jams the fitting and lifted upwards.

Advantageously, the upper region between the mold frame and the pivotable or displaceable mold wall can be capped. In a filling position, i. when the mold frame has moved to a lowermost position and rests on the floor element, the upper edge of the at least one swiveling mold wall may terminate with a portion of the mold frame or a lid attached to the mold frame. During the filling of the at least one mold cavity so no concrete can penetrate into the space between the mold frame and pivotable or movable mold wall and contaminate, for example, the multi-joint guide or the slot guide element guide. This also avoids that the multi-joint guide or the slot guide element guide is jammed or damaged by contamination. Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a mold frame for molding moldings having at least one structured sidewall according to one or more of the above-identified embodiments.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a form wall system for retrofitting a conventional mold frame for the production of preferably parallelepiped shaped pieces with at least one uneven or structured side wall, comprising:

a pivotable or displaceable mold wall with a structured or uneven mold surface; and

- A displacement device, which connects the pivotable or movable mold wall with the mold frame such that the movable mold wall for Shaping frame is movable.

The displacement device may comprise or be a multi-joint guide or a slot guide element guide.

The object of the present invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment.

Hereby shows:

Fig. 1: a plan view of a mold frame;

2 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in a first position;

3 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in a second position;

4 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in a third position and a fitting;

5 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in a fourth position and a fitting;

6 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in a first position and a fitting;

Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view through a portion of a mold frame in a first position, the mold frame being attached to a support wall of the mold frame via an upper long pivot lever and a lower short pivot lever;

FIG. 8 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame from FIG. 7 in a second position; FIG.

Fig. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a mold frame of Fig. 7 in a third position;

10 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame in an operating position or third position, wherein the pivot levers are at an angle (A) to the supporting wall;

Fig. 1 1: a lateral cross section through a portion of a mold frame of Figure 10 in a second position, wherein the pivot levers are at an angle (C) to the support wall. Fig. 1 2: a lateral cross section through a portion of the mold frame in an operating position, wherein the side of the support wall, on which the multi-joint guide is mounted, at an angle (B) is conical;

FIG. 13 shows a lateral cross section through a section of the mold frame from FIG. 1 2 in a raised position; FIG.

14 shows a lateral cross section through a section of the mold frame of a further embodiment in an operating position, wherein a mold wall is displaceable by means of at least one guide element and at least one slot in relation to a support wall; Fig. 15 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the mold frame of Fig. 14 in a raised position;

16 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame of a further embodiment in an operating position, wherein a mold wall is displaceable by means of at least one guide element and at least one slot in relation to a support wall;

FIG. 17 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a mold frame of FIG. 16 in a raised position; FIG.

18 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame of a further embodiment in an operating position, wherein the mold wall is displaceable by means of at least one guide element and at least one elongated hole with respect to a support wall and wherein the at least one elongated hole a vertical and inclined or inclined component having;

Fig. 19 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a mold frame of Fig. 1 8 in a raised position;

FIG. 20 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame from FIG. 18 in a further raised position. FIG. Figure 1 is a plan view of a schematically illustrated mold frame 1. The mold frame 1 has a grid-like structure with a plurality of grid cells. A grid cell is limited by four support walls 1 1. Each grid cell can comprise a mold cavity 7 with at least one structured and / or embossed mold wall 9 and / or a mold wall 9, which is at least partially not vertically inclined to a floor element or to the vertical. Overall, a mold frame 1 comprises at least one mold cavity 7, wherein the at least one mold cavity 7 comprises at least one pivotable mold wall 9. FIG. 1 shows a mold frame 1 with a plurality of mold cavities 7, different exemplary configurations of individual mold cavities 7 being illustrated. The mold cavity 7a is limited, inter alia, by three rigid and even or smooth mold walls. The three mold walls in this case correspond to three of the four support walls 1 1 of the mold frame, which form a grid cell. The fourth mold wall of the mold cavity 7a is a pivotable mold wall, which is attached via a multi-joint guide 5 to the fourth support wall 1 1 of the mold frame 1. Together, the multiple joint guide 5 and the pivotable mold wall 9 form a mold wall system 3. A molded piece 1 9 (not shown in Figure 1), which is formed in mold cavity 7a, thus has a structured or embossed and / or at least partially beveled side wall and d rei level vertical side walls.

Next, a mold cavity 7b is shown, which comprises two opposing pivotable mold walls 9. The two pivotable mold walls 9 are each attached via a multi-joint guide 5 on two opposing support walls 1 1. The two further mold walls of the mold cavity 7b correspond to the two further support walls 1 1 of the mold frame 1. A shaped piece 19 (not shown in FIG. 1) which is shaped in a mold cavity 7 corresponding to the mold cavity 7b has two opposite structured and / or embossed and / or at least partially oblique or non-vertical side walls. Mold cavity 7c shows a mold nest 7 with two pivotable mold walls 9, which are arranged at right angles to each other. The two further mold walls correspond to the two further support walls 1 1 of the mold frame. 1 A molding 19 (not shown in FIG. 1) shaped in mold cavity 7c has two adjacent structured and / or embossed and / or at least partially oblique or non-vertical side walls.

Formnest 7d shows a mold cavity 7 with three pivotable mold walls 9. The three pivotable mold walls 9 are each arranged on multi-joint guides 5 on three of the four support walls 1 1. The fourth mold wall corresponds to the fourth Tragwa nd 1 1. A formed in Formnest 7d fitting 1 9 (not shown in Figu r 1) has three structured and / or embossed and / or at least partially oblique or non-vertical side walls and a smooth or flat side wall.

Formnest 7e comprises four pivotable mold walls 9. Each of the four pivotable mold walls 9 is mounted in each case via a multi-joint guide 5 to each egg ner of the four support walls 1 1. A shaped in the form of nest 7e molded piece 1 9 (in Figure 1 not shown) has four structured and / or embossed and / or at least partially oblique or non-vertical side walls.

Mold cavities 7f correspond to a plurality of mold cavities 7 arranged next to one another, which each comprise three rigid and flat or smooth mold walls, the rigid mold walls each being support walls 11 of the mold frame 1. The fourth mold wall of each mold cavity 7f is a pivotable mold wall 9 which extends over the entire length of the plurality of juxtaposed mold cavities 7f. The pivotable mold wall 9 is connected via a multi-joint guide 5 with at least one support wall 1 1, wherein the at least one support wall 1 1 is a support wall 1 1, which is a fourth support wall of one of the grid cells, which include the mold cavities 7f. FIG. 1 shows by way of example how a pivotable mold wall 9 extends over four juxtaposed grid cells and thus four mold cavities 7 arranged next to one another. However, a pivotable mold wall can also extend over two juxtaposed grid cells or mold cavities 7. A pivotable mold wall 9 may also extend over a plurality of juxtaposed grid cells or mold cavities 7, wherein the plurality of juxtaposed grid cells or mold cavities 7 is smaller than the number of juxtaposed mold cavities 7 or grid cells one side length of the mold frame first ,

It is understood that on a support wall 1 1, two mold wall systems 3 may be mounted when the two wall mold systems 3 are in adjacent grid cells of the mold frame 1 and are each attached to one side of the support wall 1 1. It is further understood that a mold frame 1 may have any combination of the above-mentioned configurations.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of a section of the mold frame 1. Shown is a support wall 1 1 of the mold frame 1, a floor element 1 3 and a wall mold system consisting of a multiple joint guide 5 and a pivotable mold wall 9 in a first upper position above the floor element 13 arranged. The multiple joint guide 5 shown here comprises two levers or pivot elements or pivot lever 1 7, which connects the pivotable mold wall 9 with the support wall 1 1 of the mold frame 1 via hinges 1 5 respectively. In this exemplary illustration, the pivot elements 17 are the same length. Therefore, the multi-joint guide 5 can also be referred to as a parallelogram. In this particular case, the pivoting of the pivotable mold wall 9 takes place such that the pivotable mold wall 9 is always pivoted parallel to the support wall 1 1. The pivotable mold wall 9 is in this case arranged in a first lower position with respect to the support wall 1 1. The position shown in Figure 1 of the mold frame 1 corresponds to the position at which after a molding process, a molding is already removed from the mold. Also shown schematically is a further support wall 1 1, which is arranged substantially at right angles to the support wall 1 1, on which the pivotable mold wall 9 is mounted.

FIG. 3 shows the cross-section of FIG. 2, with the mold wall system 3 being displaced vertically downwards into a second position, so that the lower edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 is in contact with the surface of the floor element 13. Due to the further vertically downwardly displaced mold frame 1, the pivotable mold wall 9, compared to Figure 1, partially displaced parallel to the supporting wall 1 1 in the direction of the mold cavity 7 to be formed. In other words, compared to Figure 2, the pivotable mold wall 9 is displaced by a further lowering of the mold frame parallel and away from the support wall 1 1 along the bottom element 13. The distance between the upper edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 and a lid 2 1 is smaller or shortened compared to that in FIG. 2.

Figure 4 shows the cross-section of Figure 2, wherein the mold frame is in a third position and wherein the support wall 1 1 in a - in the vertical direction - lowest position. As a result, the pivotable mold wall 9 has the greatest possible distance to the support wall 1 1, wherein the distance substantially correspond to the length of the pivot lever 17 of the multiple joint guide 5. The upper edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 terminates flush with the lid 21. The lower edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 terminates with the bottom element 1 3. The mold cavity or the mold cavity is filled with a molding material which forms a molding 19.

In this case, the support wall 1 1 be formed such that at flush conclusion of a pivotable mold wall 9 with the bottom member 13, the lower edge of the support wall 1 1, to which a pivotable mold wall 9 is attached, either with the entire lower edge or over the entire lower end of the support wall 1 1 on the bottom element 13 rests or rests only part of the support wall. It is also possible that the support wall 1 1 does not touch the bottom element 13.

Furthermore, it is shown in FIG. 4 that the contact surface between the cover 21 and the upper edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 is as small as possible. This is achieved in that either the contact region of the lid 21 is designed pointed. However, it can also be provided that the upper edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 is designed pointed or both the contact region of the lid 2 1 and the top edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 are designed pointed. However, the contact between the lid 2 1 and the upper edge of the pivotable mold wall 9 must not be too small to avoid excessive wear and deformation of the contact surface due to vibration and heavy loads.

FIG. 5 shows the cross-section of FIG. 2, wherein the mold frame 1 is shown partially displaced upwardly for demoulding. By the upward movement of the mold frame 1, a flat side portion of the lid 21 is vertically moved along the mold 19, whereby an upper part of the mold 19 is already exposed. Likewise, the support wall 1 1 is displaced upward by the upward movement of the mold frame 1, so that a lower portion of the mold 1 9 partially exposed.

In Figure 6, the position of the mold frame is similar to that in Figure 2. The support wall 1, the multi-joint guide 5 and the pivotable mold wall 9 are raised in the first upper position. Thus, the pivotable mold wall 9 is displaced parallel to the support wall 1 1 via a circular arc-shaped path down. As a result, the greatest possible distance between the pivotable mold wall 9 and the corresponding facing side wall of the shaped piece 19 is produced. Thus, the mold frame 1 can be safely raised further, so that the fitting 1 9 can be removed or forwarded. Preferably, the pivotal movement of the pivotable mold wall 9 can be stopped by a stop, not shown in Figure 6. Without such a stop, the pivotable mold wall 9 would be located or rest on the production base or on the bottom element 13. Such an abutment is also preferred, since it makes an angle C (as shown in FIG. 11) not less than 0 degrees.

Figure 7 shows a lateral cross-section through a portion of a mold frame 1 in a first position, wherein the mold frame 1 by means of an upper long Swivel element 17a and by means of a lower short pivot member 1 7b is attached to a support wall 1 1 of the mold frame 1. The first position of the mold frame 1 corresponds to the position at which the mold cavities 7 of a mold frame 1 can be filled. In the exemplary representation in Figure 7, the pivotable mold wall 9 is substantially parallel to the support wall 1 1 and closes with the lower edge of the bottom element 1 third

Fig. 8 shows the cross section of Figure 7, wherein the mold frame 1 is displaced in a second position for demolding partially vertically upward. Due to gravity, the pivotable mold wall 9 pivots to a vertical downward and the other horizontally in the direction of the support wall 1 1, on which the pivotable mold wall 9 is mounted. In addition, the pivotable mold wall 9 tilted relative to the support wall 1 1 or with respect to the bottom member 13, since the different length pivot elements 17a, 17b respectively describe different sized circular paths with radii corresponding to the lengths of the pivot elements 17a, 17b.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of FIG. 7, with the mold frame 1 being displaced vertically over the bottom element 1 3 into a third position, so that the pivotable mold wall 9 no longer contacts the bottom element 1 3. Due to the shorter lower pivot member 17b and the longer upper pivot member 1 7a, the pivotable mold wall 9 in the direction towards the multi-joint guide 5 and the support wall 1 1 and away from the mold cavity 7 is pivotable.

10 shows a lateral cross section through a section of a mold frame 1 in an operating position or third position, wherein the pivot lever 17 are arranged at an angle A to the support wall 1 1. In other words, the pivot levers 17 shown in Figure 10 are arranged at an angle of about 90 degrees with respect to the side of the support wall 1 1, on which the pivot elements 17 are attached to the support wall 1 1. Here, the pivot lever 1 7 are aligned parallel to the bottom element 13.

Preferably, the pivot lever 17 in an operating position of the mold frame 1 with respect to the support wall 1 1, on which the pivot lever 17 are mounted, have an angle A of 90 degrees or more, but preferably at least an angle of 80 to 85 degrees. The angle A may be dependent on the lengths of SchwenkhebeM 7. For example, with short pivoting levers 17, the angle A can be 80 degrees. On the other hand is it is preferable for longer pivoting levers 17, that the angle A is not less than 85 degrees, since, as soon as the angle A is less than 90 degrees, the mold wall 9 must be moved during demoulding against the mold piece 1 9, resulting in an increase of the power transmission between fitting 19 and mold wall 9 can lead.

Fig. 1 1 shows a lateral cross section through a portion of the mold frame 1 of Fig. 10, wherein the mold frame 1 is raised. The mold wall 9 is pivoted downwardly due to gravity with respect to the mold frame or is the mold wall 9 on the bottom element 13 and is additionally with a horizontal component towards the support wall 1 1, on which the mold wall 9 is mounted, relocated. This position of the mold frame 1 or the mold wall 9 corresponds to the position at which the mold piece 1 9 is substantially removed from the mold. The angle C shown in Fig. 11 is the angle between the orientation of the rocking lever 17 inclined downward by gravity and the vertical. Preferably, the angle C is always greater than 0 degrees. Even more preferably, the angle C is greater than 10 degrees. This applies to vertical mold walls as well as inclined mold walls.

Fig. 1 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of a mold frame 1 for the production of moldings 19, which has at least one side wall. The at least one side wall is structured and / or at least partially inclined to the vertical. Fig. 1 2 shows a lateral cross section through a portion of the mold frame in an operating position. In the operating position, the side of the supporting wall, on which the multi-joint guide 5 is mounted, is conically formed at an angle B. The pivoting elements 17 are the same length, so that the mold piece 1 9 extends at least the side of the molding 19, which is bounded by the pivotable mold wall 9, viewed substantially from top to bottom to the bottom member 13 obliquely toward the center of the molding 19. In other words, the shape of the fitting 1 9 tapers conically downward toward the bottom element 13. Analogous to the angle A of Fig. 10, the angle with the inner side of the support wall

1 1 is included, about 90 degrees. The angle B to the horizontal shown in Fig. 12 corresponds substantially to the inclination of the inner side of the support wall 1 1, i. the inclination of the pivoting element 17 relative to the vertical in the frame of reference of the earth. In the in Fig.

1 2 shown position moves the mold wall 9 during the removal of something horizontally in the direction of the block 1 9. If the angle B is too large, can be in the extreme precipitation of the stone 19th no longer destroying or being destroyed.

Fig. 13 shows a lateral cross-section through a portion of the mold frame a us Fig. 1 2 in a raised position. In this position of the mold frame 1, the fitting 1 9 is removed from the mold. As for the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 1, the angle C is preferably always greater than 0 degrees. Preferably, the angle is equal to or greater than 1 0 degrees.

14 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a mold frame 1 for producing molded pieces 1 9, which have at least one side wall which is structured and / or inclined at least in regions to the vertical. The exemplary embodiment shown here in FIG. 14 shows a lateral cross section through a section of the mold frame 1 of a further embodiment in an operating position, wherein a mold wall 9 by means of at least one guide element 25 and at least one elongated hole 23 or at least one N 23 in relation to a Supporting wall 1 1 is displaced or displaceable. Here, the support wall 1 1 is formed such that the mold wall 9 is connected via a slot 23 and a groove 23 by means of a guide member 25 and a bolt 25 with the support wall 1 1. The illustrated support wall 1 1 is formed with respect to the vertical upward towards the mold cavity 7 inclined. The by means of bolts 25 and guide member 25 on the slot 23 of the support wall 1 1 mounted mold wall 9 is configured such that the mold piece 1 9 facing side of the mold wall 9 is substantially vertical.

Fig. 1 5 shows a lateral cross section through a portion of the mold frame of Fig. 14 in a raised position, wherein the mold piece 9 is removed from the mold. Due to gravity, the mold wall is displaced downwards along the at least one slot 23 in the vertical direction by means of the at least one guide element 25 and thus continues to rest on the floor element 1 3, but is a horizontal one compared to the position shown in FIG Component offset in one direction away from the mold piece 1 9. Thus, it is possible to move the mold frame 1 further horizontally upward without the mold wall 9 with the fitting 1 9 in contact men can and the fitting 1 9 thereby damaged or destroyed.

Fig. 1 6 shows a further embodiment of a mold frame 1 for the production of moldings 1 9, which have at least one side wall, wherein the side wall is structured and / or inclined to the region partially to the vertical. I n Fig. 1 6 is a lateral cross-section through a portion of a mold frame 1 of another embodiment shown in an operating position, wherein, similar to the embodiment in Figures 14 and 1 5, a mold wall 9 by means of at least one guide member 25 and at least one elongated hole 23 with respect to a support wall is relocatable.

FIG. 17 shows, similar to FIG. 15, a lateral cross-section through a section of the mold frame 1 from FIG. 16 in a raised position, with the mold piece 9 being demolded. In the slot or groove variants described above, the guide does not have to take place within a groove 23. It is also conceivable that a plurality of grooves 23 are mounted, in which then engage the bolts 25 and guide elements 25.

In both exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 14 to 17, any angles are possible, with an angle of 45 degrees being preferred between the at least one groove 23 and the vertical. Further preferred is an angle of 30 degrees between the at least one groove 23 and the vertical.

In non-pivotable, but in grooves or slot 23 guided mold walls 9 (Figures 14 to 17), the movement is a linear function. That is, at large angles of inclination of the land holes 23, the mold wall 9 can open during production by vibration forces, since in this case the entire mold frame 1 can stand out from the bottom element 13. In this case, there is a linear dependence on the pitch angle or angle of inclination of the oblong holes 23 with respect to the vertical. If the mold wall 9 opens, the mold wall 9 on the upper side no longer closes correctly to the lower edge of the lid 1. In the case of pivotable mold walls 9, the opening dimension is not a linear function but a sine function. That is, depending on the joint length, the mold frame 1 during operation of the concrete block molding machine better closure against inclined slots 23. However, if the inclination of the slots 23 is very steep towards the vertical, so the mold flap can open only slightly , However, this can bring with it the disadvantage that with a large / deep stone profiling a high travel in the vertical direction and also in the horizontal direction may be required. This can therefore not be implemented at low mold heights. Therefore, a combination of a vertical and an inclined or inclined guideway or a sloping slot 23 may be advantageous. hereby All the disadvantages described above can be avoided. Analogously, the guideway or the slot or the slots 23 could also form a circular arc, which is equivalent to a joint guide. Fig. 18 shows a lateral cross section through a portion of a mold frame 1 in an operating position or third position, wherein the elongated holes 23 have a substantially vertical and an inclined component.

FIG. 19 shows a lateral cross-section through a section of a mold frame 1 in a raised position, wherein, similar to FIG. 18, the oblong holes 23 have a substantially vertical and an inclined component. The shown combination of a vertical and an inclined slot 23 may be advantageous in this case, since with strong vibrations during operation, the mold frame 1 can lift off due to the vibrations of the bottom element 1 3, but without the mold wall 9 neither in a horizontal nor is displaced in a vertical direction.

Fig. 20 shows a lateral cross section through a portion of a mold frame 1 in an advanced raised position. The mold wall 9 is displaced in relation to the mold wall 9 of FIGS. 18 and 19 by both a vertical and a horizontal distance, so that the mold 19 is removed from the mold.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 mold frame

3 form wall system

5 multi-joint guide

7 mold nest

9 pivotable mold wall

1 1 supporting wall

13 floor

15 swivel joint

17 pivoting element or pivot lever

17a upper pivot element or pivot lever b lower pivot element or pivot lever fitting

cover

Long hole

guide element

Claims

claims

1. mold frame (1) for the production of molded pieces (19) comprising:

at least one mold cavity (7), wherein the at least one mold cavity (7) is delimited by a plurality of mold walls,

wherein at least one mold wall of the mold cavity (7) is a mold wall (9) which is displaceably mounted on the mold frame (1).

2. mold frame (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one movable mold wall (9) by means of a multi-joint guide (5) is pivotally mounted on the mold frame (1).

3. mold frame (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one mold wall (9) is slidably mounted on the mold frame (1).

4. mold frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the displaceable mold wall (9) is structured.

5. mold frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the displaceable mold wall (9) is inclined at least partially in the operating position to the vertical.

6. mold frame (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein the multi-joint guide connects the movable mold wall (9) with a support wall (11) of the mold frame (1) such that the displaceable mold wall (9) in Is substantially parallel to the support wall (11) is pivotable.

7. mold frame (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mold frame (1) is displaceable in a vertical direction and the at least one mold cavity (7) is open at the top and bottom, wherein a mold bottom formed by a portion of the bottom element (13) is when the mold frame (1) rests on the bottom element (13).

8. molding frame (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mold frame (1) preferably has a lattice structure and the grid interstices form a plurality of mold cavities (7) and at least one mold cavity (7) comprises at least one pivotable mold wall (9).

9. mold frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one displaceable mold wall (9) is replaceable.

10. mold frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one displaceable mold wall (9) is coated with an anti-adhesive layer.

1 1. Form frame (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4 to 10, wherein the multi-joint guide (5) preferably comprises two pivot levers (17).

12. mold frame (1) according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4 to 1 1, wherein the multi-joint guide (5) comprises a shaft and / or a gear system and / or a cable system.

13. molding frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one mold cavity (7) comprises at least two, three or four movable mold walls (9).

14. molding frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two movable mold walls (9) are arranged opposite to each other or adjacent to each other.

1 5. A mold frame (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mold wall (9) is biased by a biasing member substantially in the direction of the mold frame (1).

1 6. The mold frame (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 15, wherein a cover (2 1) closes an upper area between the movable mold wall (9) and the support wall (1) during a filling operation of the mold cavity (7).

17. Use of a mold frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims for molding of shaped pieces (19) with at least one side wall, which structured and / or at least partially inclined to the vertical.

1 8. Form wall system for retrofitting a mold frame (1) for producing molded pieces (19) with at least one structured and / or at least partially inclined to the vertical side wall, comprising:

- A mold wall (9) with a mold surface, which is at least structured in an operating position and / or partially inclined to the vertical; and

- A displacement device which connects the mold wall (9) with a mold frame (1) displaceable.