EP3411584A1 - Stromaggregat - Google Patents
StromaggregatInfo
- Publication number
- EP3411584A1 EP3411584A1 EP17703152.3A EP17703152A EP3411584A1 EP 3411584 A1 EP3411584 A1 EP 3411584A1 EP 17703152 A EP17703152 A EP 17703152A EP 3411584 A1 EP3411584 A1 EP 3411584A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- cylinder head
- generator according
- dad
- net
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/225—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement having two or more crankshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
- F02B63/042—Rotating electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/06—Engines with means for equalising torque
- F02B75/065—Engines with means for equalising torque with double connecting rods or crankshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/228—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders arranged in parallel banks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/1808—Number of cylinders two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/02—Attachment or mounting of cylinder heads on cylinders
Definitions
- the invention relates to a generator, in particular a generator of a hybrid vehicle, as well as a vehicle with such a generator.
- a generator of the type mentioned is, for example, from WO
- the known power unit comprises a two-cylinder reciprocating engine with two pistons, which are guided in two cylinders in tandem. Each piston is connected by a connecting rod with one crankshaft each. The two crankshafts rotate in opposite directions.
- the two-cylinder reciprocating engine further includes a crankcase in which the crankshafts are arranged.
- a generator is provided, which is drive-connected at least with a crankshaft.
- On the crankshaft housing, a cylinder head is mounted, which is firmly connected to the crankcase.
- the previously known generator is preferably used in a hybrid vehicle. In such hybrid vehicles, a particularly large space for the energy storage elements, in particular accumulators, is required, so that a reduction of the size of the generator is desirable.
- the object underlying the present invention to improve a generator of the type mentioned so that thereby the generator can be used flexibly in different installation situations.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle with such a generator. According to the invention this object is achieved with regard to the generator by the subject-matter of claim 1. With regard to the vehicle, the object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 11.
- the invention is based on the idea to provide a generator, in particular a generator of a hybrid vehicle, with a Zweizylinderhubkolbenmotor having a crankcase. In the crankcase two opposing crankshafts are arranged, which are connected by connecting rods with two pistons. The pistons are guided in two cylinders in tandem arrangement.
- At least one crankshaft is drive connected to a generator.
- the reciprocating engine has a cylinder head connected to the crankcase.
- the reciprocating engine preferably has an underlying camshaft.
- the cylinder head can be connectable to the crankshaft housing in at least two positions, in particular rotated by 180 ° relative to one another.
- the combination of the lower camshaft and the rotatably connectable with the crankcase cylinder head are associated with particular advantages.
- the lower camshaft ensures in particular for a small size of the generator.
- the connectable in two different positions with the crankshaft housing cylinder head contributes to insofar as that in this way the arrangement of the generator set can be made flexible within a vehicle.
- the generator needs depending on
- the generator can be positioned comparatively close to a bulkhead in an engine compartment, since the cylinder head can be aligned so that air intake pipe or exhaust pipe spring forward from the cylinder head in the direction of travel. This leaves a larger proportion of available volume in the engine compartment, which can be used, for example, by storage elements. In the case of a horizontal arrangement of the generator, however, a different routing may be advantageous. In this respect, the generator is because of in different positions with the crankcase
- Connection openings in the cylinder head and / or in the crankshaft housing to be arranged axially symmetrically to a central axis of the power unit, so that the orientation of the cylinder head relative to the crankcase is arbitrary selectable.
- the cylinder head can be connected as desired in two different orientations with the crankshaft housing, wherein simultaneously regardless of the orientation of the cylinder head relative to the crankshaft housing, the respective connection openings are congruent.
- the camshaft is arranged in a median plane between the crankshafts.
- the camshaft may be arranged in the median plane between the connecting rods of the pistons.
- the camshaft is preferably located below a bottom dead center of the pistons. This also leads to the fact that the generator set is particularly compact. In particular, the pistons can be closer
- the cylinder head preferably has an intake for an ignition mixture and an outlet for exhaust gases.
- Outlets are preferably on opposite sides of the
- the camshaft is preferably drive-connected to one of the crankshafts via a belt drive or a chain drive.
- the camshaft may include at least one cam coupled to a control rod.
- Control rod is preferably operatively connected to a rocker arm of a valve in the cylinder head.
- the control rod transmits the outer contour of the cam on a tilting movement of the rocker arm, so that the valve in the cylinder head on the basis of the cam contour can be opened and closed.
- camshaft has a plurality, in particular four, cams, which are each coupled to a control rod.
- the control rod in particular all the control rods between the two cylinders are arranged. This arrangement of the control rods also very efficiently uses the free space remaining between the cylinders or pistons so that this benefits the compact design of the generator set.
- the meshing of the crankshaft spur gears By the meshing of the crankshaft spur gears, a forced dependence of the movements of the two pistons is achieved from each other. This promotes the synchronization of the generator.
- each crankshaft carries a flywheel with a balancing mass.
- at least one flywheel may have a circumferential marking for detecting a crankshaft position by means of a crankshaft sensor.
- one of the flywheels has an outer toothing, wherein the outer toothing has substantially equal tooth spacings.
- An exception is at one point of the flywheel circumference, in which the external toothing may have a longer gap, for example.
- the longer gap is preferably arranged so that, as it passes by a corresponding, for example optical, sensor indicates that one of the two pistons is at its lower or upper dead center. In any case, can be determined by means of such a mark the position of the crankshaft and used for the control of the generator.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a single-lane or multi-lane hybrid motor vehicle, with a previously
- the generator is preferably arranged in the engine compartment on a bulkhead, wherein the
- Engine compartment can be used, making the generator is universally suitable for a variety of vehicle shapes.
- the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. In it show: a front perspective view of a
- inventive generator according to a preferred embodiment; a rear perspective view of the generator according to FIG. La; a plan view of the generator according to FIG. La; a front perspective view of the generator of Figure la without a crankcase. a front perspective view of the generator of FIG. La, wherein the cylinder head is rotated by 180 ° is placed; a rear perspective view of the generator according to FIG. 2a; a plan view of the generator according to FIG. 2a; and
- FIG. 3 is a perspective rear view of the piston assembly of the generator of FIG. La.
- a total of a generator, in particular a generator of a hybrid vehicle is shown, which has a two-cylinder reciprocating engine 1.
- the two-cylinder reciprocating engine is with
- Generators 41, 42 mechanically coupled.
- the generators 41, 42 generate electricity, which is used for example for charging a Fahrakkumulators.
- the two-cylinder reciprocating engine 1 includes a crankcase 10 in which a first crankshaft 11 and a second crankshaft 12 are disposed.
- the first crankshaft 11 and the second crankshaft 12 are each connected by connecting rods 13 to a first piston 18 and a second piston 19.
- the pistons 18, 19 are guided in tandem in two cylinders 21, 22.
- the cylinder head 20 also has two intake ports 23 and an outlet port 24. On the
- Intake manifold 23 can be sucked combustion air and passed to the cylinders 21, 22. In the cylinders 21, 22 resulting exhaust gases are discharged through the outlet port 24.
- the generators 41, 42 are arranged laterally next to the two-cylinder reciprocating engine 1.
- the two-cylinder reciprocating engine 1 is arranged substantially between the two generators 41, 42.
- the generators 41, 42 are aligned in particular in a line with the two-cylinder reciprocating engine 1, resulting in a particularly narrow construction of the generator.
- electronics housing 27 which may include power electronics.
- the electronics housing are each arranged above a generator 41, 42.
- the power electronics arranged in the electronic housings 27 may each be electrically connected to one of the generators 41, 42.
- Fig. 1b shows a rear view of the generator, wherein it can be seen that in the variant according to FIG. la-ld the outlet port 24 of the cylinder head 20 is aligned to the back. On the back of the generator is a
- Cover 28 is provided.
- the cover 28 covers spur gears 34, 35, which are non-rotatably connected to the crankshafts 11, 12 are connected.
- a top view of the generator is shown. It can be seen that the arrangement of the generators 41, 42 and the electronics housing 27 a particularly compact, in particular narrow construction of the generator is achieved. In addition, the design of the cylinder head 20 is clearly visible in plan view.
- the cylinder head 20 has the outlet port 24 on one end face. The outlet port 24 is designed in two lobes and opens into each of the cylinders 21,
- the intake manifold 23 are from each other
- Each of the cylinders 21, 22 is a separate
- Crankshaft housing 10 can be placed.
- the crankshaft housing 10 can be placed.
- Cylinder head 20 in a rotated by 180 ° orientation on the
- Crankshaft housing 10 are placed so that the exhaust port 24 is aligned instead of a back, to a front of the generator.
- the generator can be seen, in which the cylinder head 20 is rotated by 180 ° placed on the crankcase 10. in the
- Figures 2a-2c is placed in 180 ° offset orientation on the crankcase 10.
- FIG. 1 d shows the internal structure of the generator, with the crankshaft housing 10 and the valve cover 29 omitted for clarity.
- the generator has two crankshafts 11, 12, which are coupled in phase with each other.
- the coupling takes place via the spur gears 34, 35, which have an interlocking toothing.
- the spur gears 34, 35 are arranged on a rear side of the generator and well in the isolated view of FIG. 3 recognizable.
- Each drive wheel 36, 37 is coupled via a belt or a chain to a drive wheel of one of the generators 41, 42.
- the coupling of the crankshaft 11, 12 with the respective associated generator 41, 42 thus takes place via the coaxial with the crankshaft 11, 12 connected drive wheel 36, 37, a belt drive or chain drive and the coaxial with a generator axis rotatably connected drive wheel on the generator.
- Fig. ld is another essential aspect of the generator shown, which contributes to the reduction of the size of the generator. Specifically, Fig. Id the camshaft 30, which is located between the crankshafts 11, 12.
- the camshaft 30 extends between the connecting rods 13 and below the cylinder head 20.
- the connecting rods 13 limit with the
- Cylinder head 20 and the crankshafts 11, 12 a space that is efficiently used by the camshaft 30.
- the camshaft 30 is arranged in particular in a center line between the two crankshafts 11, 12.
- the drive of the camshaft 30 via a belt drive 31.
- the belt drive 31 connects a gear 39 of the second crankshaft 12 with the camshaft 30.
- the camshaft 30 has four cams in the illustrated embodiment
- valve 33 extend from the camshaft 30 through the crankcase 10 and the cylinder head 20 into the valve space below the valve cover 29.
- rocker arms 26 are arranged, which are connected to the valves 25th
- Cam 32 tapped and converted into a corresponding tilted position of the rocker arm 26. In the embodiment shown here, it is preferred if a total of four valves are provided. Each control rod 33 is thus associated with a valve 25.
- FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show a generator which is essentially similar to the generator according to FIG. la, lb is formed. In any case, the individual components are identical.
- the illustration according to FIGS. 2 a, 2 b differs from the assembly according to FIGS. 1 a, 1 b due to the twisted arrangement of the cylinder head 20.
- FIG. 2 a it can be seen that unlike the arrangement according to FIG. 1 a, the cylinder head 20 is positioned on the cylinder head Crankcase 10 is mounted, that the outlet port 24 is directed to the front of the generator.
- the valve cover 29 is rotated relative to the assembly of FIG. La by 180 °. The same applies essentially to the illustration according to FIG.
- FIG. 2b in which it can be seen in relation to the illustration according to FIG. 1b that the cylinder head 20 and the valve cover 29 are placed on the crankshaft housing 10 rotated through 180 °.
- Fig. 2c shows the top view of the generator set in the assembly according to FIGS. 2a, 2b.
- the plan view of FIG. FIG. 2 c also clearly shows, compared with the plan view of FIG. 1 c, that the cylinder head 20 can be mounted on the crankcase 10 in two different orientations.
- Fig. 3 illustrates the internal structure of the two-cylinder reciprocating engine with the two crankshafts 11, 12, each having spur gears 34, 35.
- Spur gears 34, 35 engage with their teeth into each other and thus synchronize the movement of the pistons 18, 19.
- the pistons are guided in the cylinders 21, 22, not shown here in tandem. This means that the pistons 18, 19 simultaneously reach their upper and lower dead center.
- Fig. 3 is also apparent that a total of four valves 25 are provided, which are actuated via rocker arm 26.
- the rocker arms 26 are with the four
- Control rods 33 coupled, each associated with a cam 32 of the camshaft 30.
- crankshafts 11, 12 it can also be seen that they each have a flywheel 14, 15 on the sides opposite the drive wheels 36, 37.
- At least the first flywheel 14, which is connected to the first crankshaft 11, has a peripheral mark 17.
- a widened marking indicates the upper or lower dead center of the piston 18, 19.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016102048.6A DE102016102048B4 (de) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | Stromaggregat |
PCT/EP2017/052508 WO2017134294A1 (de) | 2016-02-05 | 2017-02-06 | Stromaggregat |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3411584A1 true EP3411584A1 (de) | 2018-12-12 |
EP3411584B1 EP3411584B1 (de) | 2022-06-08 |
Family
ID=57963237
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17703152.3A Active EP3411584B1 (de) | 2016-02-05 | 2017-02-06 | Stromaggregat |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10844783B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3411584B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6770078B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102181736B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108474319B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016102048B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017134294A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020001432B3 (de) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-03-25 | Obrist Technologies Gmbh | Stromaggregat |
DE102020118076A1 (de) | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Maschinenkombination mit Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Generator |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB324409A (en) | 1928-10-27 | 1930-01-27 | Harry Ralph Ricardo | Improvements in valve gear for internal combustion engines |
GB324410A (en) * | 1928-10-27 | 1930-01-27 | Harry Ralph Ricardo | Improvements in or relating to petrol-electric road vehicles |
GB463278A (en) | 1935-11-13 | 1937-03-25 | Ariel Motors J S Ltd | Improvements relating to internal combustion engines |
FR915993A (fr) | 1942-05-22 | 1946-11-22 | United Aircraft Corp | Perfectionnements aux culasses pour moteurs à combustion interne et à refroidissement par l'air |
GB584215A (en) | 1944-12-15 | 1947-01-09 | Birmingham Small Arms Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines having twin cylinders with parallel axes |
US2596410A (en) * | 1947-12-26 | 1952-05-13 | Le Grand L Jordan | Internal-combustion engine |
JPS5217107A (en) | 1975-07-30 | 1977-02-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Engine |
JPH0672546B2 (ja) | 1986-10-14 | 1994-09-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 汎用二気筒エンジン |
DE19542758A1 (de) | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-30 | Luk Lamellen & Kupplungsbau | Topf-Schwungrad |
US6280158B1 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2001-08-28 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water pump for circulating cooling water in an internal combustion engine and camshaft mounting structure therefor |
JP4201417B2 (ja) | 1999-01-19 | 2008-12-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | カムシャフトの取付構造 |
US20050051115A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2005-03-10 | Urs Wenger | Engine with rotatable cylinder head assembly |
EP1711701B1 (de) * | 2004-01-17 | 2010-05-12 | Optimum Power Technology, L.P. | Motorstartverfahren |
DE102004041958B4 (de) | 2004-08-31 | 2017-01-19 | Deutz Ag | Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit 2- oder 4-Ventilzylinderkopf |
DE102005048561A1 (de) | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
CN200978717Y (zh) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-11-21 | 陆懋增 | 一种双缸v型柴油机 |
CN1928328A (zh) | 2006-09-18 | 2007-03-14 | 陈维加 | 便携式发电机的发动机装置 |
JP2008255971A (ja) | 2007-04-09 | 2008-10-23 | Hino Motors Ltd | 回転検出装置 |
DE102010025002A1 (de) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-29 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Arbeitsmaschine |
CH703972A1 (de) | 2010-10-29 | 2012-04-30 | Obrist Engineering Gmbh | Verbrennungskraftmaschine. |
AT511552B1 (de) * | 2011-05-30 | 2015-02-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Stromerzeuger für ein kraftfahrzeug |
JP6199102B2 (ja) | 2013-07-19 | 2017-09-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | エンジン発電機 |
-
2016
- 2016-02-05 DE DE102016102048.6A patent/DE102016102048B4/de active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-06 WO PCT/EP2017/052508 patent/WO2017134294A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-02-06 US US16/073,220 patent/US10844783B2/en active Active
- 2017-02-06 EP EP17703152.3A patent/EP3411584B1/de active Active
- 2017-02-06 CN CN201780007608.9A patent/CN108474319B/zh active Active
- 2017-02-06 KR KR1020187020842A patent/KR102181736B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-06 JP JP2018540111A patent/JP6770078B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20180105651A (ko) | 2018-09-28 |
EP3411584B1 (de) | 2022-06-08 |
DE102016102048B4 (de) | 2022-02-17 |
US10844783B2 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
DE102016102048A1 (de) | 2017-08-10 |
WO2017134294A1 (de) | 2017-08-10 |
JP6770078B2 (ja) | 2020-10-14 |
CN108474319A (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
KR102181736B1 (ko) | 2020-11-24 |
JP2019505437A (ja) | 2019-02-28 |
CN108474319B (zh) | 2021-07-30 |
US20190032554A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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