EP3405741B1 - Silencer for a firearm - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a silencer for a firearm, in particular an automatic or semi-automatic firearm, a repeating weapon, a single or multi-loader with an outer tube which delimits a hollow body of the silencer. All muffler elements, such as damping and / or reflection elements and sound direction elements, are arranged in the hollow body of the muffler.

A silencer is off DE 1 553 874 A1 known. The muffler is intended for a handgun and comprises an outer tube to which a plurality of funnel-shaped wall inserts are attached, which have projectile through openings aligned with one another. In the entrance area of the hollow body facing the firearm, an inner tube is arranged, which has a plurality of radial passage openings in a straight elongated hole shape, which allows muzzle gas transfer radially into annular space compartments arranged on the outside of the inner tube, in which a sound-absorbing filler material, such as a pore-containing material or a fine wire mesh is arranged to increase the sound absorption effectiveness of the muffler. Gas and pressure waves pass through the passage openings into the outer annular chamber compartments, which are gas-tight except for the exchange opening, in order to at least partially extinguish and wipe out sound waves from the muzzle blast by reflection and absorption. In particular in the case of rapid-fire salvos with several shots fired one after the other for a short time, there is the special problem of removing muzzle gases which expand at the muzzle of the weapon barrel. There, unburned powder residues also burn suddenly, which effect is known as a muzzle flash or fireball at the muzzle. The muffler is designed to control the expansion and cooling of the gas and to avoid sudden deflagration. In the case of supersonic projectiles in particular, the muzzle blast is considerable as soon as a projectile accelerated to supersonic hits atmospheric pressure at the end of the barrel. The muffler should be suitable for the explosion heat to the Deliver the environment effectively to avoid thermal overloading of the silencer elements.

It was shown that the known silencers are exposed to high thermal and gas pressure loads at high firing frequencies, which increases in favor of better sound absorption. At the high firing frequencies, which are increased even more with modern automatic or semi-automatic firearms, the muzzle oxyhydrogen pressure adds up and causes the thermal load to rise, so that even filler materials or sound reflection or sound absorption elements protected by the inner tube can be damaged. DE 10 2011 116 060 A1 discloses a silencer according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular to provide a silencer for a firearm, in particular a repeating weapon, an automatic or semi-automatic firearm, a single or multi-loader, in particular the known silencer mentioned above with so little conversion The aim is to improve as much as possible and / or to improve thermal and mechanical resistance even at high firing frequencies and with sufficient sound absorption and spark-blow extinguishing.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. According to this, a silencer is provided for a firearm, in particular a repeating weapon, an automatic or semi-automatic firearm, a single or multi-loader or the like. The muffler has an outer tube which is usually formed by a cylindrical metal tube which has no opening on its closed circumferential surface. The outer tube can be constructed in several parts in order to simplify the assembly of sound reflection and / or absorption elements and / or muzzle gas diversion elements into the interior of the muffler. The inside of the outer tube defines a hollow body of the muffler, in which an inner tube is arranged which delimits a projectile channel of the muffler in the radial direction on the inside. The inner tube is designed to firmly support at least one sound reflection and / or absorption element, such as a sound baffle with a projectile passage opening, for example a baffle with the projectile passage opening. According to the invention, the silencer has an annular space which is delimited in the radial direction on the inside by an inner tube and radially on the outside by an outer tube. The annular space preferably extends over the entire axial length of the muffler. In the annulus a sound-absorbing filling material and / or a sound-absorbing lining is optionally arranged. The filling material is preferably a porous material, such as a metal foam, or a braid, woven fabric, knitted fabric or fleece, in particular made of metal (wire) or another heat-resistant material. The inner tube protects the filling material and / or the lining from direct thermal and mechanical stress peaks caused by the muzzle gas. The muffler has an end wall facing the weapon with a central projectile entry opening through which the projectile fired by the firearm can enter the muffler, the projectile being followed by muzzle gas. Furthermore, the silencer according to the invention has an end wall facing away from the weapon with a central projectile exit opening from which the projectile leaves the silencer. In order to ensure a cooling, in particular circulating, muzzle gas exchange flow between the projectile channel and the annular space, at least one exchange opening, preferably a plurality of exchange openings, is made in the inner tube. Furthermore, at least one ventilation opening, preferably two, three, more than three, four and five, preferably less than ten ventilation openings, is additionally introduced in the end wall, in particular at the radial height of the annular space, in order to release the gas to the atmosphere to the outside. Furthermore, the annular space provides a direct, uninterrupted gas communication between the at least one exchange opening, through which the muzzle gas enters the annular space, and the at least one ventilation opening exclusively along the annular space, it being clear that not all of the muzzle gas, which is via the at least one Exchange opening enters the annular space, necessarily exits from the at least one ventilation opening. It was found that in the case of a large number of shots fired, the gas pressure within the projectile channel is significantly greater than in the annular space, so that due to the direct gas communication with the ventilation opening, a large part of the muzzle gas which has flowed into the annular space is also via the at least one Vent opening can be delivered to the outside of the silencer.

In particular, if the entire annular space contains a sound-absorbing material, such as the porous material, over its entire longitudinal extent, a sparking from the ventilation opening is avoided. However, it is also shown that, in the case of gap-shaped annular spaces with a radial spacing of a few millimeters or a few centimeters, depending on the caliber, a continuation of sparks can be ruled out even if the annular space is not occupied by the filling material.

According to the invention, the annular space is designed in such a way that, within the annular space, muzzle gas which has flowed in via the at least one exchange opening can leave the at least one ventilation opening without having to leave the annular space for this purpose. This is achieved due to the attachment of the additional ventilation openings on the end wall, which is connected or communicates with in particular each exchange opening in the inner tube. This direct gas communication between the at least one exchange opening and the at least one ventilation opening offers excellent ventilation of the muffler and thus a cooling and pressure relief mechanism, so that even with high-frequency shot salvos, the functional elements within the muffler remain undamaged, even if they are designed in a classic manner ,

In a development of the invention, the inner tube delimits the annular space in such a way that gas flowing into the hollow body only enters the annular space via the projectile channel and the at least one exchange opening. Controlled feeding ensures that the inner tube is dimensioned according to the expected load. It should be noted that the dimension of the at least one exchange opening, particularly in the case of a multiple arrangement of exchange openings, does not lead to excessive weakening of the inner tube.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the annular space extends essentially over its entire length between the end walls and is essentially gas-permeable and / or barrier-free. Preferably, there are no radially projecting radial constriction of the annular space, which is arranged either on the inside of the outer tube or on the outside of the inner tube, as a result of which an unimpeded flow of the outlet gas along the annular space is ensured.

Alternatively, one or more gas-permeable radial walls for dividing the annular space into a plurality of annular space compartments can be arranged in the annular space, so that, for example, different filling materials and / or linings can be arranged in the respective different annular space compartments. In this way, a position-specific adjustment of the absorption and reflection behavior of the silencer can be achieved. The gas-permeable radial wall can be perforated or at least have a passage between adjacent annular space compartments, so that the direct gas communication between the exchange opening and the ventilation opening is provided longitudinally and in the annular space.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the annular space, in particular evenly and concentrically, completely surrounds the inner tube. A radial distance between the outer tube and the inner tube can preferably be less than the radius of the cylindrical inner tube, in particular less than half, a third or a quarter of the radius of the cylindrical inner tube, in order in particular to form the interior gap mentioned above. Preferably, the axial distance between the inside of the outer tube and the outside of the inner tube is less than 30% of the outer diameter of the outer tube of the muffler, preferably the axial distance is less than 25% or 20%. In a preferred embodiment, the radial distance is between 5% and 30%, in particular 5% and 15%. The axial distance is preferably not less than 5% with respect to the outer diameter of the outer tube.

The radial distance between the outer tube and the inner tube in the circumferential direction and / or in the projectile flight direction of the annular space is preferably constant. Alternatively and additionally, the outer tube and the inner tube can be a cylindrical metal tube with a wall thickness of at least 0.5 mm and at most 10 mm. A wall thickness of 1 mm to 3 mm should preferably be selected.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the floor channel is divided into several channel compartments. Furthermore, in particular, the inner tube can form at least one exchange opening with an at least partially rectilinear opening edge in the course of a channel expansion chamber adjoining the storey access opening. In particular, the at least one exchange opening is preferably polygonal, in particular hexagonal, preferably honeycomb-cell-shaped in the region of the channel expansion chamber. A plurality of rows of exchange openings offset in the axial projectile flight direction can be formed in the area of the channel expansion chamber in the inner tube. Each row preferably comprises a plurality of exchange openings which are offset in the circumferential direction, in particular arranged at the same axial height, wherein in particular axially adjacent exchange openings of axially adjacent rows are offset in relation to one another in the circumferential direction. All exchange openings formed in the inner tube are preferably in the region of the channel expansion chamber and / or an intermediate channel chamber, which will be explained later, have the same dimensions and design.

The channel expansion chamber is preferably delimited in the axial projectile flight direction by a first sound reflection element in particular, which can be designed as a sound baffle, in particular a baffle plate, with a projectile passage opening. Furthermore, the first sound reflection element, in particular, can have a central region which forms the projectile passage opening and is tapered in a funnel shape toward the projectile passage opening, the direction of taper being in particular opposite to the projectile flight direction. As an alternative and in addition to this, a channel intermediate chamber can be connected to a particularly first sound reflection element with a projectile passage opening that delimits the channel expansion chamber in the axial direction of the flight of the flight, in which at least a second, in particular identical to the at least one first exchange opening, likewise formed in the channel expansion chamber, can be made in the inner tube , The intermediate channel chamber is preferably delimited by a second sound reflection element with a projectile passage opening in the axial projectile direction, the second sound reflection element in particular being designed as a sound baffle, in particular a baffle. The second sound reflection element preferably has a central region which forms the projectile passage opening and is tapered in a funnel shape, in particular towards the projectile passage opening, the direction of taper being in particular opposite to the direction of the projectile flight and / or the second sound reflection element is essentially the same as the first sound reflection element.

In a development of the invention, at least one radially inwardly extending sound reflection element, such as a sound baffle plate, in particular a baffle plate, is in particular firmly supported on the inner tube. The at least one sound reflection element is provided with a projectile passage opening and / or a further exchange opening, in particular a third exchange opening, is arranged in the inner tube at the axial location of the sound reflection element. The further exchange opening extends axially upstream and downstream of the sound reflection element with respect to the axial position of the sound reflection element. The sound reflection element can be attached to the inner tube, particularly preferably via a transition and press fit. The sound reflection element can extend radially beyond the projectile flight axis radially to the further exchange opening in such a way that the muzzle gas that passes through the sound reflection element is radial is deflected outward into the annular chamber in order to feed it in particular to the further or third exchange opening which is larger than, preferably twice as large as the at least one first exchange opening.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sound absorption and / or reflection element is preferably releasably attached to the inner tube by means of a dowel or press pin. The dowel or press pin can be inserted into a bore in each case in the inner tube and, if appropriate, in a support base of the sound reflection and / or absorption element which bears against the inner tube. The sound reflection and / or absorption element per se can also be firmly inserted in a slot recess formed in the inner tube according to a transition or press fit.

In a further development of the invention, an end chamber delimited by the end wall is delimited radially by the inner tube, in which at least one further, in particular third, sound reflection element, such as a sound baffle plate, preferably a baffle plate, with a projectile passage opening is provided. Preferably three, four, five or more sound reflection elements, in particular of the same type, are fastened to the inner tube in the channel end chamber. The sound reflection elements are in particular arranged at the same axial distance from one another, the sound reflection element in particular having a bypass opening in addition to the projectile passage opening substantially at the radial height of the inner tube, in particular being combined with a second outlet opening in the inner tube in such a way that muzzle gas radially follows at least partially on the sound reflection element is deflected outside to the bypass opening and at least partially introduced into the second exit opening in the annular space.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, more than two or three ventilation outlets, preferably four or more ventilation outlets, are incorporated on the front end wall, which preferably have an arcuate slot shape in particular. In addition, the at least one slot-shaped ventilation opening in its passage opening can have a continuous slot extension, preferably a common arc line of the ventilation opening lying on a circular path concentric to the central axis of the silencer. The radius of the circular path is smaller than the radius of the outer circumference of the outer tube and larger than the radius of the projectile exit opening. A constant hole width of the elongated vent opening is preferably smaller than the largest Cross-sectional dimension of the floor exit opening. A hole width of the slot-shaped ventilation opening is preferably less than a fifth, a sixth or a seventh of the outer diameter of the outer tube. The, in particular, arc-shaped elongated hole ventilation opening preferably forms more than 10%, 20% or 30% of the total end wall area. Alternatively or additionally, less than 90% or 80%, preferably between 40% and 80%, of the rigid material, such as metal, can be realized on the end wall.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner tube connects directly to an inside of the end wall, encompassing the projectile exit opening, so that all the muzzle gas entering the hollow body of the muffler reaches the projectile channel via the projectile entry opening. The inner tube is preferably attached to an inside of the end wall in a gas-tight manner, so that muzzle gas can only enter the annular space via the at least one exchange opening. The inner tube preferably extends along the entire longitudinal extent of the hollow body towards the projectile exit opening. The inner tube can be attached to an inside of the end wall in a gas-tight manner, so that in particular muzzle gas can flow back and forth between the annular space and the projectile channel exclusively via the at least one exchange opening and in particular can circulate in a cooling manner. A ratio between the entire circumferential surface of the inner tube and the passage cross-sectional surface of the at least one exchange opening in the end wall is preferably greater than 1, preferably greater than 2 or 3.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sound-absorbing filling material is a porous material, such as a foam-like material, for example a metal foam, or a wire mesh or knitted fabric, in particular made of metal or another thermally resistant material.

Preferred embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers;

Figur 2

eine Seitenansicht des Schalldämpfers gemäß Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Querschnittsansicht entlang der Schnittlinie III-III gemäß Figur 2;

Figur 4

eine perspektivische Querschnittsansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers nach den Figuren 1 bis 3;

Figur 5

eine weitere perspektivische Querschnittsansicht, die gegenüber der in Figur 4 gezeigten Ansicht um 90° gedreht ist;

Figur 6

ein erfindungsgemäßer Schalldämpfer ohne die in Figuren 1 bis 5 dargestellte, bereits montierte Mündungsbremse; und

Figur 7

eine Explosionsansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Schalldämpfers, der an eine Mündungsbremse zu montieren ist

Further properties, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1

a perspective view of the muffler according to the invention;

Figure 2

a side view of the muffler according to Figure 1 ;

Figure 3

a cross-sectional view taken along section line III-III Figure 2 ;

Figure 4

a cross-sectional perspective view of the muffler according to the invention Figures 1 to 3 ;

Figure 5

another cross-sectional perspective view opposite that in FIG Figure 4 shown view is rotated by 90 °;

Figure 6

an inventive silencer without the in Figures 1 to 5 illustrated, already mounted muzzle brake; and

Figure 7

an exploded view of the muffler according to the invention, which is to be mounted on a muzzle brake

In the Figures 1 to 7 the silencer according to the invention is generally provided with the reference number 1. The main components of the muffler 1 according to the invention are an outer tube 3 with a cylindrical cross-sectional shape, an inner tube 5 with a cylindrical cross-section interspersed with recesses, an end wall 7 which defines a projectile exit opening 11 and an end wall 13 to be coupled to the firearm (not shown) with a projectile entry opening 15 , wherein the firearm-side end wall 13 can be optionally replaced by non-silencer components, such as a muzzle brake 17, which can be coupled to the silencer 1 via a releasable fastening device 19. Both end wall ends 7, 13 are screwed into the inner tube 5 at each end (screw connection 21).

The outer tube 3 is clamped axially between the ends 7, 13 depending on the screwing situation. The axial direction is determined by the projectile flight direction G. In order to apply the tensioning and screwing forces, the projectile exit opening 11 can be polygonal or polygonal to engage an Allen key.

The inner tube 5 is concentric on the inside with the outer tube 3 and defines on the inside the projectile channel 21 through which the projectile (not shown) flies from the projectile entry opening 15 to the projectile exit opening 11. The outer tube 3 delimits the entire sound body cavity on the inside.

An annular space 23 is formed between the inside of the outer tube 3 and the outside of the inner tube 5 and extends continuously in the circumferential direction and in the projectile flight direction G. The axial distance between the inside of the outer tube 3 and the outside of the inner tube 5 remains constant in the circumferential direction and in the axial projectile flight direction G. According to the invention, the axial distance a can generally be less than 40% of the outer diameter D of the outer tube 3. The axial distance a is preferably less than 25%, 20% or 15% of the outer diameter D. In the described case, the axial distance a is approximately 10% compared to the outer diameter D. However, the axial distance a should not be less than 5% compared to the outer diameter D. his.

The annular space 23 extends continuously from the front wall 15 without a radial barrier or wall indentations to the opposite side to the front end wall 7. A plurality of ventilation openings 25 are made in the end wall 7 essentially at the radial height of the annular space 23. The vents 25 are, as in Figure 1 can be seen, designed in a curved long shape, with an arc line running along a circular line with a constant radial distance from the axis G. The five ventilation openings 25 extend concentrically around the projectile exit opening 11 and are completely introduced into the material of the end wall 7. It is also possible that the ventilation openings 25 are at least partially, in particular radially on the outside, delimited by the inside or an inner shoulder of the outer tube 3. With the projectile exit opening 11, the ventilation openings 25 form more than 10% cross-sectional area of the total inner cross section of the outer tube 3, the rest being realized by the material, in particular the rigid material, such as metal, of the end wall 7.

The end wall 7 has an axially inwardly projecting extension which essentially continuously adjoins the hexagon-shaped projectile exit opening 11.

On the input side, the muffler 1 comprises a channel expansion chamber 31 which delimits upstream from the front end 13 and downstream from a sound reflection element that is realized in the example shown in the figures as a sound baffle plate 33. The channel expansion chamber-side, first sound baffle plate 33 is exchangeably fastened to the inner tube 5 by means of a fastening pin 35 and extends radially inward from the inside of the inner tube 3 in a first arm section, which is adjoined by a central section 37 which is designed as a funnel. The funnel-shaped central section 37 tapers against the projectile flight direction G towards the end wall 13 and defines coaxially a first passage opening 41. As in FIGS Figures 3 to 6 can be seen, the inner tube 5 in the channel expansion chamber 31 is provided with a plurality of honeycomb-shaped exchange openings 43, which enables gas transfer between the projectile channel 45 delimited by the inner tube 5, in particular the channel expansion chamber 31 and the annular space 23. Due to the continuous, partition-free extension of the annular space 23 towards the end wall 7, the outlet gas reaching the annular space 23 can escape at the ventilation openings 25 without necessarily having to return to the projectile channel 45 via a further exchange opening arranged downstream in the axial direction G.

According to the invention, a sound-absorbing filling material or a sound-absorbing lining (both not shown in more detail) can be introduced in the annular space 23, the filling material or the lining being able to extend over all areas of the annular space 23 and being able to fill it completely.

Alternatively, the annular space 23 can be divided into annular space compartments by means of, for example, perforated, gas-permeable partition walls, in order to accommodate different sound-absorbing filling materials and / or sound-absorbing linings in the annular space 23. In this way, the sound-absorbing effect along the projectile flight direction G can be adjusted individually. Due to the tubular structure, the inner tube 5 serves as a protective screen for the sound-absorbing filler material and / or the sound-absorbing lining in the annular space 23.

It is clear that a gas exchange between the annular space 23 and the projectile channel 45 can also take place beyond the channel expansion chamber 31, so that not all of the muzzle gas entering the annular space 23 has to escape at the ventilation openings 25 on the muffler 1. Muzzle gas returning into the floor channel 45 can also escape from the silencer 1 via the floor outlet opening 11.

As in the Figures 3 to 7 it can be seen, the exchange openings 43 are arranged in rows which are axially offset from one another and which extend arranged next to one another at the same axial center distance. The rows are constructed essentially the same, so that all the distances between the honeycomb-shaped exchange openings 43 are constant at a minimum distance, which ensures that the inner tube 5 is not weakened too much due to material being removed.

The special honeycomb hexagon shape of the exchange openings 43 ensures a large number of relatively large opening cross sections without substantially destabilizing the inner tube 5.

As especially in Figure 6 It can be seen that two adjacent rows of exchange openings 43 are offset in the circumferential direction by an exchange opening width, so that a minimum distance is not exceeded while ensuring a high exchange opening density.

Downstream of the channel expansion chamber, an intermediate channel chamber 51 is provided which is delimited upstream by the first sound baffle 33. The channel space 51 is delimited in the circumferential direction by the inner tube 5. Downstream, the channel intermediate chamber 51 is delimited by a second sound baffle 53, which is identical in shape and attachment to the first sound baffle 33. Two rows of honeycomb-shaped exchange openings 43 are provided in the inner tube section of the intermediate channel chamber 51. The intermediate duct chamber 51 lies approximately on the axial half length of the total extent of the silencer 1 and has less than half the volume of the duct expansion chamber 21.

A duct end chamber 55 is formed in the downstream connection to the duct intermediate chamber 51, the axial extent of which corresponds approximately to that of the duct expansion chamber 21.

The channel end chamber 55 is delimited upstream by the second sound baffle 53 and in the circumferential direction by the inner tube 5, the axial delimitation downstream by the end wall 7. Muzzle gas within the channel end chamber 55 can reach the outside of the sound body via the projectile exit opening 11.

Six second sound reflection elements are arranged in the channel end chamber 55 in the form of a second type of sound baffle, which is to be called the third sound baffle 57 in the following.

To attach the third acoustic baffle 57, a fastening slot 63 is made in the inner tube 5 in a straight line at an axial location in the inner tube 5, in which the third acoustic baffle 57 can be inserted and fastened. A press or transition fit could be considered. To mount the sound reflection elements inside the muffler 1, the outer tube 3 is formed in several parts.

Each sound impact element 33, 53, 57 has its own projectile passage opening 41 coaxial with the projectile entry opening 15 and the projectile exit opening 11.

The third sound baffle 57 extends almost completely from the slot fastening to the opposite end and forms an axial bypass opening 61 there, which opens radially into the projectile passage opening 41. In combination with the axial bypass opening 61, another type of exchange opening 67 is formed opposite this in the inner tube 5, which is radially opposite the bypass opening 61 of the sound baffle 57, the further exchange opening being referred to as the second exchange opening 67. The second exchange opening 67 has a long shape extending in the circumferential direction, the ends of which are rounded.

The muzzle gas entering the channel end chamber 55, which enters the channel end chamber 55 from the channel intermediate chamber 51 via the projectile passage opening 41, is at least partially deflected radially outwards by the third sound baffle 57 and reaches the second exchange opening 67 into the annular space 23. This muzzle gas also can reach the outside of the silencer 1 via the annular space 23 and the respective ventilation openings 25.

With the muffler 1 according to the invention and the arrangement of a continuous annular space 23 from one end face 13 to the other end face 7 as a continuous volume around the projectile channel 21 veneered in the inner tube 5, on the one hand it is achieved that in particular when using an absorbent filler material, such as metal foam, wire mesh, etc. on the one hand a large absorption damping is achieved, on the other hand the Spark formation is initially extinguished and reduced in the course of the projectile flight direction G, so that there is a venting option at the venting openings 25, in particular if several shots are fired from the firearm at short intervals in succession. A so-called gas jam within the muffler 1, which also leads to the muffler 1 becoming overheated and sparking being supported, is improved due to the further ventilation via the ventilation openings 25.

Above all, the ventilation openings prevent a gas jam in the system of a firearm with a silencer. The repeating process can therefore work without any problems.

The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be important both individually and in any combination for realizing the invention in the various configurations.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

silencer

3

outer tube

5

inner tube

7

Stirnendwand

11

Floor outlet opening

13

bulkhead

15

Basement entrance opening

17

muzzle brake

19

detachable fastening device

21

bullet bore

23

annulus

25

vents

31

Channel expansion chamber

33

first sound baffle

35

fastening pin

37

Central section

41

Bullet passage opening

43

honeycomb-shaped exchange opening

45

bullet bore

51

Channel intermediate chamber

53

second acoustic baffle

55

Kanalendkammer

57

third acoustic baffle

61

bypass opening

63

mounting slot

67

second exchange opening

a

radial distance

D

outer diameter

G

Projectile flight direction

Claims (12)

1. A silencer for a firearm with an outer tube (3) margining a hollow body of the silencer (1), an inner tube (5) arranged in the hollow body, which margins a projectile channel (21) on the inside in the radial direction and supports at least one sound-reflecting and/or -absorbing element, such as a sound impact wall with projectile passage opening (41), wherein the outer tube (3) and the inner tube (5) margin an annular space (23) in which sound-absorbing filler material and/or a sound-absorbing lining are arranged, a front wall (13) facing the firearm with a projectile entry opening (15) and a front end wall (7) facing away from the firearm with a projectile exit opening (11), wherein at least one exchange opening (43, 67) is formed in the inner tube (5) for a gas exchange between the projectile channel (21) and the annular space (23) and at least one vent opening (25) is additionally formed in the front end wall (7) and the annular space (23) provides a gas communication between the at least one exchange opening and the at least one vent opening (25), characterized in that the annular space (23) is formed in such a way that inside the annular space (23), muzzle gas flowed into the at least one exchange opening (43, 67) can directly leave the annular space at the at least one venting opening (25).
2. A silencer according to claim 1, in which the inner tube (5) margining the annular space (23) in such a way that gas flowing into the hollow body reaches the annular space (23) exclusively through the projectile channel (21) and the at least one exchange opening (43, 67).
3. A silencer according to claim 1 or 2, in which the annular space (23) extends substantially barrier-free substantially over the entire length of the silencer (1) between the front walls (7, 13) and/or one or more radial walls is/are arranged in the annular space (23) to divide the annular space (23) in multiple annular space compartments in which filling materials and/or linings are placed, wherein the at least one radial wall is perforated or comprises at least one transition passage between adjacent annular space compartments.
4. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which the annular space (23) concentrically completely circulates the inner tube (5) and/or a radial distance between the outer tube (3) and the inner tube (5) is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical inner tube (5) and in which the radial distance between the outer tube (3) and the inner tube (5) in circumferential direction and/or in projectile flight direction of the annular space (23) is constant and/or the outer tube (3) and the inner tube (5) is a cylindrical metal tube with a wall thickness of at least 0.5 mm and at the most 10 mm.
5. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which the projectile channel (21) is divided into multiple channel compartments and/or in which the inner tube forms, in the course of a channel expansion chamber (31) connecting to the projectile entry opening, at least one exchange opening (43) with an at least partially linear opening border, wherein the at least one exchange opening (43) in the area of the channel expansion chamber (31) is designed polygonal wherein multiple rows of exchange openings (43) being displaced in axial direction are formed in the area of the channel expansion chamber (31) in the inner tube (5), wherein each row comprises multiple exchange openings (43) being displaced in circumferential direction wherein axially adjacent exchange openings (43) are displaced to axially adjacent rows in circumferential direction.
6. A silencer according to claim 5, in which the channel expansion chamber (31) is margined in axial projectile flight direction by an first sound reflection element with projectile passage opening (G) which is designed as sound impact plate (33) and/or comprises a central section (37) forming a projectile passage opening (41) which central section is funnel-formed tapering to the projectile passage opening (41), wherein the tapering direction is opposite to the projectile flight direction (G), and/or in which a channel intermediate chamber (51) connects to a first sound reflection element with projectile passage opening (41) margining the channel expansion chamber (31) in axial projectile flight direction in which at least a second exchange opening (43) is formed into the inner tube (5) and/or which is margined by a second sound reflection element with projectile passage opening (41) in axial projectile flight direction (G), wherein the second sound reflection element is formed as sound impact plate (53) and/or comprises a central section (37) forming the projectile passage opening (41) which is formed funnel-shaped, tapering to the projectile passage opening (41), wherein the tapering direction is opposite to the projectile flight direction (G) and/or the second sound reflection element is substantially equally designed to the first sound reflection element.
7. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one sound reflection element extending radially to the inside is supported by the inner tube (5), wherein the at least one sound reflection element is provided with a projectile passage opening (41) and/or an additional exchange opening is arranged in the inner tube (5) on the axial height of the sound reflection element which extends axially flight upwards and flight downwards in excess of the sound reflection element with respect to the axial position of the sound reflection element, wherein the sound reflection element is attached to the inner tube (5) and/or extends in excess of the projectile flight axis (G) towards the second exchange opening (67) in such a way that muzzle gas passing the sound reflection element is deflected radially to the outside in the annular space (23).
8. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which the sound-absorbing and/or reflection element is preferably removably attached to the inner tube (5) via a dowel pin or a press pin, wherein a dowel or press element or pin (35) is inserted into a suitable recess or bore respectively in the inner tube (5) and/or wherein the sound reflection and/or absorbing element is firmly inserted into a slit recess of the inner tube (5).
9. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which a channel end chamber (55) being margined by the front end wall (7) is radially margined by the inner tube (5) in which inner tube at least one additional sound reflection element with projectile passage opening (41) is provided, wherein sound reflection element comprises a bypass opening (61) adjacent to the projectile passage opening (41) substantially on the radial height of the inner tube (5) which is combined with an exit opening (67) in the inner tube in such a way that muzzle gas is at least partially deflected at the sound reflection element radially to the outside to the bypass opening (61) and at least partially introduced into the annular space via the exchange opening (67).
10. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which more than two or three venting openings (25) are formed into the front end wall (7) which comprises a particularly arc-shaped long hole form, and/or the at least one long hole-shaped venting opening (25) comprises a continuous long hole extension in the passage direction thereof, wherein a collective arc line of the venting openings (25) lies on a circuit being concentric to the middle axis of the silencer (1), wherein a constant hole width of the long hole-shaped venting opening (25) is smaller than the largest cross-sectional dimension of the projectile exit opening (41) and/or a hole width of the long hole shaped venting opening (25) is smaller than one fifth, one sixth, or one seventh of the outer diameter of the outer tube.
11. A silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which the inner tube directly connects to an inside of the front end wall (7) encompassing the projectile exit opening (11) such that the entire muzzle gas entering the hollow body of the silencer (1) reaches the projectile channel (21) via the projectile entry opening (15), and/or is attached gastight to an inside of the front end wall (7) such that muzzle gas reaches the annular space exclusively via the at least one exchange opening (43, 67), and/or in which the inner tube (5) extends along the entire axial length extension of the hollow body towards the projectile exit opening (11), and/or the inner tube (5) is attached gastight to an inner side of the front end wall (7) such that in particular muzzle gas between the annular space (23) and the projectile channel can exclusively flow back and forth via the at least one exchange opening (43, 67), and/or in which the ratio between closed wall surface of the inner tube (5) and passage cross-section surface of the at least one exchange opening (43) in the front end wall is larger than 1.
12. A Silencer according to one of the preceding claims, in which the sound-absorbing filling material is a porous material is formed from metal or another thermally resistant material.

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