EP2567175B1 - Signature-reduced muzzle brake - Google Patents

Signature-reduced muzzle brake Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2567175B1
EP2567175B1 EP11717490.4A EP11717490A EP2567175B1 EP 2567175 B1 EP2567175 B1 EP 2567175B1 EP 11717490 A EP11717490 A EP 11717490A EP 2567175 B1 EP2567175 B1 EP 2567175B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
muzzle brake
brake according
cooling
reducing device
Prior art date
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Application number
EP11717490.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2567175A1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication of EP2567175A1 publication Critical patent/EP2567175A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/32—Muzzle attachments or glands
    • F41A21/36—Muzzle attachments or glands for recoil reduction ; Stabilisators; Compensators, e.g. for muzzle climb prevention
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A13/00—Cooling or heating systems; Blowing-through of gun barrels; Ventilating systems
    • F41A13/12—Systems for cooling the outer surface of the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/30—Silencers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/32—Muzzle attachments or glands
    • F41A21/34—Flash dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/44—Insulation jackets; Protective jackets

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with a muzzle brake of a weapon or a weapon system which is reduced in its external signature with regard to heat and / or propellant gas discharges, in particular for small and medium-caliber weapons.
  • the propellant gas escaping from the gun barrel is conventionally directed onto the gas outlet openings of the muzzle brake in order to bounce against it - for the purpose of absorbing the recoil - and then guided further backwards and thereby cooled.
  • Muzzle brakes have the task of diverting the forward after the bullet passage forward powder gases to the side or to the rear and so to use the combustion gases to reduce the recoil of the barrel.
  • the baffles deflect them at right angles or even slightly backwards, transferring some of their energy to the muzzle brake and thus to the barrel.
  • the energy of the combustion gases acting in the weft direction counteracts and reduces the rearward impact by striking the muzzle brake.
  • a muzzle brake with baffles and diversion is further from the EP 0 723 131 B1 ( DE 696 04 097 T2 ) known.
  • the cleverness of this solution is that two muzzle brakes are combined to form a new muzzle brake.
  • the propellant gases are directed via directed gas outlet openings on a large impact surface and from there to the outside.
  • a recoil and muzzle fire damper in which the recoil damper is threadedly connected to a recoil carrier with a separator disk having a plurality of gas ports therebetween.
  • the gases flow from two laterally disposed openings from a reinforced part of the barrel in the recoil damper or in the rear expansion chamber, abut against the outer wall and give off some of the heat, expand and flow through the cutting disc in the recoil damper, through its nozzles and the front opening to the outside.
  • the EP 1 338 859 A2 deals with a gun barrel with a muzzle brake in which the gun barrel is part of the muzzle brake. This mouth region is provided with openings, which is coated with a slot-shaped gas outlet openings provided jacket tube.
  • the known muzzle brakes are all peculiar that they have a high intrinsic signature, in particular by heat and gas leakage, so that the location of the weapon is easily determined. This is negative insofar as with the recognizability a disturbance can be made against the person (s) who has given the shot (have).
  • the US 2,065,273 A relates to a recoil absorbing device for handguns.
  • gases are diverted via converging and diverging nozzle openings.
  • a container with cooling liquid is integrated, which cools the diverted gases. This serves to reduce the bang and protect the operator from the gases emitted.
  • the front area of the gun barrel is cooled.
  • the DE 650 791 A discloses a gun barrel brake or recoil damper for firearms.
  • a device is integrated which can catch the gases and redirect them forward.
  • the openings for discharging the gas are designed so that they force the gaseous streams to strike a direction transverse to the axis of the weapon, so that these currents dissipate under the influence of centrifugal force.
  • the course of the helical openings is opposite to the course of the helical features of the barrel soul of the weapon.
  • the DE 39 40 807 C explains a guard against muzzle effect fires on guns.
  • the gun barrel is surrounded in the end of a cladding tube, so that there is a gap between the gun barrel and the cladding tube.
  • a ventilation tube is connected in the front region of the cladding tube.
  • the connected to the receiving structure part of the ventilation tube and the damped mounted gas outlet opening can be wrapped with a heat-resistant, sound-absorbing material.
  • a thin-walled, heat-resistant support tube with an adapted contour is provided. As insulation mineral fibers are proposed.
  • the DE 10 2005 005 595 A1 which deals with a muffler for firearms, suggests that the muffler also includes the mechanism of action of a muzzle brake.
  • the US Pat. No. 1,901,138 A1 deals with a muzzle brake for a gun barrel with a basic sleeve with holes, with a surrounding Umlenkhülse with holes and with a sleeve sleeve mounted around both sleeves for diverting the propellant gas in at least one adjoining device.
  • a muzzle flash suppressor is known, which is involved in front of the gun barrel. This is formed by foam, etc. and is intended to cool the escaping gases. In one embodiment, these coolants are integrated into the baffles of a muzzle brake.
  • the EP 0 183 432 A1 relates to a heat protection sleeve for a gun barrel.
  • the heat shield comprises a cylinder of rigid heat-insulating material and an annular space between the cylinder and the gun barrel. In this room, a honeycomb core made of heat-insulating material is inserted.
  • the WO 97/47939 A1 discloses a gun tube cooling arrangement for reducing the IR signature of a gun barrel without direct cooling of the gun barrel.
  • an envelope is provided which does not touch the gun barrel itself. Air circulates through this sheath, so that the barrel is cooled by the circulating air.
  • the invention provides, starting from the US 1901138A , the task of identifying a muzzle brake whose signature is minimized.
  • the invention is based on the idea to direct the propellant gases - as conventional - against baffles and then cooling, for example via a cooling medium to lead backwards, in a preferred embodiment, the gas is degraded by the cooling so far, so no leakage is to be expected, since the flow rate of the gas is minimized and the gas loses known about the cooling of volume. The return is possible to behind the shaft or the closure.
  • cooling fins As a cooling medium, a plurality of cooling fins can be provided in the simplest embodiment. These cooling fins may additionally or alternatively also be provided with cooling materials.
  • the cooling medium in the preferred embodiment is a grid material, fins, steel wool, a honeycomb material, such as known shock mounts or the like, which act similar to a catalyst in vehicles.
  • the return can be simplified by a number (1, 2 or n) of pipes, similar to the US 4,307,652 A respectively.
  • the cooling medium can be incorporated in each of these tubes.
  • the muzzle brake For returning, however, it is preferably provided to associate the muzzle brake with a further housing (gas reduction device).
  • a further housing gas reduction device
  • an outer shell is pulled up or over the actual muzzle brake, by which the propellant gases against the flow direction in the barrel - can be traced back.
  • This outer shell is followed by the gas reduction device containing the cooling medium or material.
  • the gas reduction device also has an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the inner shell of the gas reduction device can be formed for example by the pipe guide of the gun barrel itself.
  • the gas reduction device is preferably symmetrically mounted around the gun barrel, with an asymmetry is also possible. In this case, the asymmetrical shape of the gas reduction device may preferably be located below the weapon barrel.
  • the gas reduction device is preferably funnel-shaped and is closed, for example, by a flange. In this end or in the region of the end of the gas reduction device, one or more openings or outlets can be provided, through which the residual gas pressure can escape.
  • the transition between the outer shell of the muzzle brake in the housing of the gas recirculation and cooling can already be created by integrated cooling fins and / or introduced cooling material.
  • the cooling material can be integrated so that it is, for example offset from one another and distributed around the gun barrel, etc. A complete filling of the gas reducing device should be avoided, or at least be tuned to the desired flow through the gas. Expansion chambers are then to be created between the cooling media, which are preferably spaced apart from one another.
  • the muzzle brake in turn consists of a base body or a basic sleeve with holes. These holes are pointing obliquely forward and have a crooked - preferably conical shape. Tuned to these holes is a deflection sleeve with holes through which the propellant gases are directed backwards. About both body then the outer shell is attached, which in turn is in operative connection with the gas reduction device.
  • the proposed design realizes a weak muzzle fire, minimizes smoke and reduces noise while maintaining muzzle brake function.
  • the muzzle brake thus takes over not only the function of recoil minimization but also that of a silencer.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 Alternatives of integrating the gas reduction device into a weapon.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a muzzle brake 1 ( Fig. 2 ) With an enclosure shown, which is fastened on a gun barrel 3, for example by means of screwing.
  • the weapon barrel 3 is enclosed in this embodiment by a pipe holder 4.
  • the muzzle brake 1 consists of a base sleeve 5, a deflecting sleeve 6 and a cladding tube 7.
  • tapered holes 8 of the basic sleeve 5 have chamfers 9, so that the propellant gases can emerge better.
  • Taper holes 10 in the deflection sleeve 6 serve for better expansion in the cladding tube 7.
  • the holes 8, 10 have an oblique shape - outward each increasing in size, similar to a conical bore - on, since this form can relax the gas, so already at this a first cooling takes place. Both holes 8, 10 are matched.
  • the cladding tube 7 is followed by a gas reducing device 12, which may be in the simplest form a simple outer tube (not shown in detail).
  • a gas reducing device 12 which may be in the simplest form a simple outer tube (not shown in detail).
  • an additional coolant (13, 14) for cooling the propellant gases directed backwards is then according to the inventive idea.
  • the present embodiment relies on an arm-independent (may, need not) outer shell 11 as part of the gas reduction device (device) 12.
  • outer shell 11 Within this outer shell 11 cooling fins 13 and / or cooling material 14 are integrated.
  • the outer shell 11 is preferably funnel-shaped in this embodiment. These Shape offers itself then, if only over a short way the recirculated gas is to cool down.
  • the shape of the outer shell 11 itself is arbitrary and can be adapted to the respective designer's ideas.
  • the device 12 for reducing the gas temperature and thus the gas volume has, in addition to the outer shell 11 an inner shell 15.
  • This inner shell 15 may be an independent unit.
  • the integration of the pipe holder 4 as inner shell 15. the outer shell 11 is pushed with the attached cooling fins 13 and coolants 14 on the inner shell 15, the device 12 is closed at the rear end.
  • cooling fins 16 between the muzzle brake 1 and the device 12.
  • These cooling fins 16 (as well as the cooling fins 13 of the device 12) additionally serve as support ribs and stabilize the system. At least two - but preferably four cooling fins 16 are provided.
  • the propellant gas is drawn into the device 12, for which purpose it preferably has at least one opening 17 in the front area and at least one further opening 18 in the rear area.
  • the propellant gas sucked into the device 12 by the negative pressure is sucked through the device 12 so that the gas is cooled down. Possible residual gas can escape through the outlet opening (s) 18 at the end of the device 12. However, this is then cooled down so far that even from a distance it is no longer recognizable as such.
  • Fig. 3 and 4 show in a before sketchy representation of an alternative integration of the device 12 to the gun barrel 3 between the pipe bracket 4 and the actual muzzle brake 1.
  • the cooling fins 13 are in this case the weapon barrel 3 incorporated pointing. Cooling material 14 can also be introduced here between the cooling fins 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit einer in ihrer Außensignatur bezüglich Wärme und / oder Treibgasaustritte reduzierten Mündungsbremse einer Waffe bzw. eines Waffensystems, insbesondere für Klein- und Mittelkaliberwaffen. Dazu wird das aus dem Waffenrohr austretende Treibgas herkömmlich auf die Gasaustrittsöffnungen der Mündungsbremse gelenkt, um gegen diese zu prallen - zur Aufnahme des Rückstoßes - und dann weiter nach hinten geführt und dabei abgekühlt zu werden.The invention is concerned with a muzzle brake of a weapon or a weapon system which is reduced in its external signature with regard to heat and / or propellant gas discharges, in particular for small and medium-caliber weapons. For this purpose, the propellant gas escaping from the gun barrel is conventionally directed onto the gas outlet openings of the muzzle brake in order to bounce against it - for the purpose of absorbing the recoil - and then guided further backwards and thereby cooled.

Mündungsbremsen haben die Aufgabe, die nach dem Geschossdurchlauf nach vorne ausströmenden Pulvergase zur Seite oder nach hinten umzuleiten und so die Verbrennungsgase dazu zu nutzen, um den Rückstoß des Laufes zu mindern. Unmittelbar nachdem das Geschoss das Rohr verlassen hat, treten die unter Druck stehenden Verbrennungsgase des Treibsatzes aus dem Rohr aus und treffen dabei teilweise auf die Prallflächen der Mündungsbremse. Durch die Prallflächen werden sie rechtwinklig oder sogar leicht nach hinten abgelenkt und übertragen dabei einen Teil ihrer Energie auf die Mündungsbremse und damit auf den Lauf. Die in Schussrichtung wirkende Energie der Verbrennungsgase wirkt durch das Auftreffen auf die Mündungsbremse dem nach hinten gerichteten Rückstoß entgegen und reduziert diesen.Muzzle brakes have the task of diverting the forward after the bullet passage forward powder gases to the side or to the rear and so to use the combustion gases to reduce the recoil of the barrel. Immediately after the projectile has left the tube, the pressurized combustion gases of the propellant exiting the tube and thereby hit partially on the baffles of the muzzle brake. The baffles deflect them at right angles or even slightly backwards, transferring some of their energy to the muzzle brake and thus to the barrel. The energy of the combustion gases acting in the weft direction counteracts and reduces the rearward impact by striking the muzzle brake.

Eine Mündungsbremse mit Prallflächen und Umlenkung ist des Weiteren aus der EP 0 723 131 B1 ( DE 696 04 097 T2 ) bekannt. Nach Auffassung der dieses Schutzrecht behandelnden Einspruchsabteilung liegt die Cleverness dieser Lösung darin, dass zwei Mündungsbremsen zu einer neuen Mündungsbremse vereint werden. Fraglich, wie das der Fachmann sieht. Auf jeden Fall werden die Treibgase über gerichtete Gasaustrittsöffnungen auf eine große Prallfläche und von dort nach Außen gelenkt.A muzzle brake with baffles and diversion is further from the EP 0 723 131 B1 ( DE 696 04 097 T2 ) known. According to the Opposition Division dealing with this right, the cleverness of this solution is that two muzzle brakes are combined to form a new muzzle brake. Questionable, as the expert sees. In any case, the propellant gases are directed via directed gas outlet openings on a large impact surface and from there to the outside.

Aus der US 4,307,652 A ist eine Mündungsbremse mit nach hinten umgelenkten Prallflächen und schaufelartig ausgeführten Rohren bekannt, die auf der Mündungsbremse aufgeschraubt bis nahezu hinter das Waffenende geführt werden. Auch diese Konstruktion soll einen Rückstoß der Waffe weitestgehend reduzieren. Für eine optimale Rückstoßaufnahme durch die Mündungsbremse treten aus dieser Teile des Treibgase auch nach vorne heraus.From the US 4,307,652 A is a muzzle brake with deflected rear baffles and blade-like pipes known that are screwed on the muzzle brake to be guided almost to the rear of the weapon. This design should reduce as much as possible a recoil of the weapon. For an optimal recoil absorption by the muzzle brake emerge from these parts of the propellant gases also forward.

Aus der DE 297 11 207 U1 ist ein Rückstoß- und Mündungsfeuerdämpfer bekannt, bei dem der Rückstoßdämpfer über ein Gewinde mit einem Rückstoßträger verbunden ist, wobei sich dazwischen eine Trennscheibe mit mehreren Gasöffnungen befindet. Die Gase strömen dabei aus zwei seitlich angeordneten Öffnungen aus einem verstärkten Teil des Laufes in den Rückstoßdämpfer bzw. in die hintere Expansionskammer, stoßen an die Außenwand und geben ein Teil der Wärme ab, expandieren und strömen durch die Trennscheibe in den Rückstoßdämpfer, durch dessen Düsen und die vordere Öffnung nach Außen.From the DE 297 11 207 U1 For example, a recoil and muzzle fire damper is known in which the recoil damper is threadedly connected to a recoil carrier with a separator disk having a plurality of gas ports therebetween. The gases flow from two laterally disposed openings from a reinforced part of the barrel in the recoil damper or in the rear expansion chamber, abut against the outer wall and give off some of the heat, expand and flow through the cutting disc in the recoil damper, through its nozzles and the front opening to the outside.

Die EP 1 338 859 A2 beschäftigt sich mit einem Waffenrohr mit einer Mündungsbremse, bei dem das Waffenrohr Teil der Mündungsbremse ist. Dieser Mündungsbereich ist mit Öffnungen versehen, denen ein mit schlitzförmigen Gasaustrittsöffnungen versehenes Mantelrohr übergezogen ist.The EP 1 338 859 A2 deals with a gun barrel with a muzzle brake in which the gun barrel is part of the muzzle brake. This mouth region is provided with openings, which is coated with a slot-shaped gas outlet openings provided jacket tube.

Den bekannten Mündungsbremsen ist allen eigen, dass sie eine hohe Eigensignatur insbesondere durch Wärme und Gasaustritt aufweisen, sodass der Standort der Waffe leicht ermittelbar ist. Dies ist insoweit negativ, da mit der Erkennbarkeit eine Störung gegen die Person(en) vorgenommen werden kann, die den Schuss abgegeben hat (haben).The known muzzle brakes are all peculiar that they have a high intrinsic signature, in particular by heat and gas leakage, so that the location of the weapon is easily determined. This is negative insofar as with the recognizability a disturbance can be made against the person (s) who has given the shot (have).

Die US 2,065,273 A betrifft eine einen Rückstoß absorbierende Vorrichtung für Handfeuerwaffen. Dabei werden Gase über zusammen- und auseinanderlaufenden Düsenöffnungen umgelenkt. Innerhalb der Vorrichtung ist ein Behälter mit Kühlflüssigkeit eingebunden, der die umgelenkten Gase kühlt. Dieses dient zur Reduzierung des Knalls und als Schutz des Bedieners gegenüber den abgegebenen Gasen. Zudem wird der vordere Bereich des Waffenlaufes gekühlt.The US 2,065,273 A relates to a recoil absorbing device for handguns. In this case, gases are diverted via converging and diverging nozzle openings. Within the device, a container with cooling liquid is integrated, which cools the diverted gases. This serves to reduce the bang and protect the operator from the gases emitted. In addition, the front area of the gun barrel is cooled.

Die DE 650 791 A offenbart eine Geschützrohrbremse oder Rücklaufdämpfer für Feuerwaffen. Um zu vermeiden, dass brennende und giftige Gase nach hintern austreten können, wird eine Vorrichtung eingebunden, die die Gase auffangen und nach vorne umlenken kann.The DE 650 791 A discloses a gun barrel brake or recoil damper for firearms. In order to prevent burning and poisonous gases from escaping to the rear, a device is integrated which can catch the gases and redirect them forward.

Die Öffnungen zum Abführen des Gases sind so ausgeführt, dass diese die gasförmigen Ströme dazu zwingen, eine Richtung quer zur Achse der Waffe einzuschlagen, sodass diese Ströme unter Einwirkung der Fliehkraft sich zerstreuen. Dazu ist der Gang der schraubenförmigen Öffnungen entgegengesetzt dem Gang der schraubenförmigen Züge der Laufseele der Waffe.The openings for discharging the gas are designed so that they force the gaseous streams to strike a direction transverse to the axis of the weapon, so that these currents dissipate under the influence of centrifugal force. For this purpose, the course of the helical openings is opposite to the course of the helical features of the barrel soul of the weapon.

Die DE 39 40 807 C erklärt eine Schutzvorrichtung gegen Mündungseffektfeuer bei Rohrwaffen. Dabei ist das Kanonenrohr im Endbereich von einem Hüllrohr umgeben, sodass zwischen dem Kanonenrohr und dem Hüllrohr ein Zwischenraum besteht. Im vorderen Bereich des Hüllrohres ist ein Belüftungsrohr in ausreichendem Abstand als Hitzeschutz mit dem Hüllrohr verbunden. Der mit der Aufnahmestruktur verbundene Teil des Belüftungsrohres und die gedämpft gelagerte Gasaustrittsöffnung können mit einem hitzebeständigen, schalldämmenden Material eingehüllt sein. Zur Erhöhung der Schalldämpfung und zur Vermeidung einer Auflösung des Dämmmaterials unter Schockbelastung ist ein dünnwandiges, hitzefestes Stützrohr mit angepasster Kontur vorgesehen. Als Dämmmaterial werden Mineralfasern vorgeschlagen.The DE 39 40 807 C explains a guard against muzzle effect fires on guns. In this case, the gun barrel is surrounded in the end of a cladding tube, so that there is a gap between the gun barrel and the cladding tube. In the front region of the cladding tube, a ventilation tube is connected at a sufficient distance as heat protection with the cladding tube. The connected to the receiving structure part of the ventilation tube and the damped mounted gas outlet opening can be wrapped with a heat-resistant, sound-absorbing material. To increase the sound attenuation and to avoid dissolution of the insulating material under shock load, a thin-walled, heat-resistant support tube with an adapted contour is provided. As insulation mineral fibers are proposed.

Die DE 10 2005 005 595 A1 , die sich mit einem Schalldämpfer für Feuerwaffen befasst, schlägt vor, dass der Schalldämpfer zusätzlich den Wirkungsmechanismus einer Mündungsbremse beinhaltet.The DE 10 2005 005 595 A1 , which deals with a muffler for firearms, suggests that the muffler also includes the mechanism of action of a muzzle brake.

Die US 1,901,138 A1 beschäftigt sich mit einer Mündungsbremse für ein Waffenrohr mit einer Grundhülse mit Bohrungen, mit einer dieser umgebenden Umlenkhülse mit Bohrungen sowie mit einem um beide Hülsen angebrachtes Hülsenrohr zum Ableiten des Treibgases in wenigstens eine sich anschließende Vorrichtung.The US Pat. No. 1,901,138 A1 deals with a muzzle brake for a gun barrel with a basic sleeve with holes, with a surrounding Umlenkhülse with holes and with a sleeve sleeve mounted around both sleeves for diverting the propellant gas in at least one adjoining device.

Aus der US 6,298,764 B1 ist ein Mündungsblitzunterdrücker bekannt, der vor dem Waffenrohr eingebunden ist. Diese wird durch Schaum etc. gebildet und soll die austretenden Gase abkühlen. In einer der Ausführungen werden diese Kühlmittel in die Prallflächen einer Mündungsbremse integriert.From the US 6,298,764 B1 a muzzle flash suppressor is known, which is involved in front of the gun barrel. This is formed by foam, etc. and is intended to cool the escaping gases. In one embodiment, these coolants are integrated into the baffles of a muzzle brake.

Die EP 0 183 432 A1 betrifft eine Wärmeschutzhülle für ein Geschützrohr. Die Wärmeschutzhülle umfasst einen Zylinder aus starrem wärmedammenden Material sowie einem ringförmigen Raum zwischen dem Zylinder und dem Geschützrohr. In diesem Raum ist ein wabenförmiger Kern aus wärmedämmendem Material eingelegt.The EP 0 183 432 A1 relates to a heat protection sleeve for a gun barrel. The heat shield comprises a cylinder of rigid heat-insulating material and an annular space between the cylinder and the gun barrel. In this room, a honeycomb core made of heat-insulating material is inserted.

Die WO 97/47939 A1 offenbart eine Kühlanordnung für ein Geschützrohr zur Reduzierung der IR- Signatur eines Waffenrohres ohne direkte Kühlung des Waffenrohres. Dazu ist eine Umhüllung vorgesehen, die das Waffenrohr selbst nicht berührt. Luft zirkuliert durch diese Ummantelung, so dass das Waffenrohr durch die zirkulierende Luft gekühlt wird.The WO 97/47939 A1 discloses a gun tube cooling arrangement for reducing the IR signature of a gun barrel without direct cooling of the gun barrel. For this purpose, an envelope is provided which does not touch the gun barrel itself. Air circulates through this sheath, so that the barrel is cooled by the circulating air.

Die Erfindung stellt, ausgehend von der US 1901138A , sich die Aufgabe, eine Mündungsbremse aufzuzeigen, deren Eigensignatur minimiert ist.The invention provides, starting from the US 1901138A , the task of identifying a muzzle brake whose signature is minimized.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgelistet.The problem is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are listed in the subclaims.

Der Erfindung liegt die Idee zugrunde, die Treibgase - wie herkömmlich - gegen Prallflächen zu lenken und diese dann kühlend, beispielsweise über ein kühlendes Medium, nach hinten zu führen, wobei in einer bevorzugten Ausführung das Gas durch die Abkühlung soweit abgebaut wird, sodass kein Austritt zu erwarten ist, da die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gases minimiert wird und das Gas bekanntlich über die Abkühlung an Volumen verliert. Die Rückführung ist bis hinter dem Schaft bzw. dem Verschluss möglich.The invention is based on the idea to direct the propellant gases - as conventional - against baffles and then cooling, for example via a cooling medium to lead backwards, in a preferred embodiment, the gas is degraded by the cooling so far, so no leakage is to be expected, since the flow rate of the gas is minimized and the gas loses known about the cooling of volume. The return is possible to behind the shaft or the closure.

Als kühlendes Medium können in der einfachsten Ausführung mehrere Kühlrippen vorgesehen werden. Diese Kühlrippen können ergänzend oder alternativ auch mit kühlenden Materialien versehen werden. Das kühlende Medium ist in der bevorzugten Variante ein Gittermaterial, Lamellen, Stahlwolle, ein Material mit Wabenstruktur bzw. Wabenoberfläche, wie beispielsweise bekannte Schock-Mounts oder dergleichen, die ähnlich eines Katalysators bei Fahrzeugen wirken.As a cooling medium, a plurality of cooling fins can be provided in the simplest embodiment. These cooling fins may additionally or alternatively also be provided with cooling materials. The cooling medium in the preferred embodiment is a grid material, fins, steel wool, a honeycomb material, such as known shock mounts or the like, which act similar to a catalyst in vehicles.

Die Rückführung kann in einfachster Form durch eine Anzahl (1, 2 oder n) von Rohren, ähnlich der US 4,307,652 A erfolgen. In diesem Fall kann in jedes dieser Rohre das kühlende Medium eingebunden werden.The return can be simplified by a number (1, 2 or n) of pipes, similar to the US 4,307,652 A respectively. In this case, the cooling medium can be incorporated in each of these tubes.

Für das Zurückführen ist jedoch bevorzugt vorgesehen, der Mündungsbremse ein weiterführendes Gehäuse (Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung) zuzuordnen. Dabei wird über die eigentliche Mündungsbremse eine Außenhülle auf- bzw. übergezogen, durch die die Treibgase entgegen der Strömungsrichtung im Waffenrohr - zurückgeführt werden können. Dieser Außenhülle schließt sich die Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung an, die das kühlende Medium bzw. Material enthält. Die Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung weist ebenfalls eine Außenhülle und eine Innenhülle auf, wobei die Innenhülle der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung beispielsweise durch die Rohrführung des Waffenrohrs selbst gebildet werden kann. Die Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung ist bevorzugt symmetrisch um das Waffenrohr angebracht, wobei eine Asymmetrie ebenfalls möglich ist. Dabei kann die asymmetrische Ausformung der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung sich bevorzugt unterhalb des Waffenrohres befinden. Bei einer unbemannten Bedienung sind auch über den Umfang der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung bzw. der Außenhülle der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung verteilte Löcher möglich. Die Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung ist bevorzugt trichterförmig ausgebildet und wird beispielsweise durch einen Flansch abgeschlossen. In diesem Abschluss bzw. im Bereich des Endes der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung können ein oder mehrere Öffnungen bzw. Austritte vorgesehen werden, durch die der Restgasdruck austreten kann.For returning, however, it is preferably provided to associate the muzzle brake with a further housing (gas reduction device). In this case, an outer shell is pulled up or over the actual muzzle brake, by which the propellant gases against the flow direction in the barrel - can be traced back. This outer shell is followed by the gas reduction device containing the cooling medium or material. The gas reduction device also has an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the inner shell of the gas reduction device can be formed for example by the pipe guide of the gun barrel itself. The gas reduction device is preferably symmetrically mounted around the gun barrel, with an asymmetry is also possible. In this case, the asymmetrical shape of the gas reduction device may preferably be located below the weapon barrel. In an unmanned operation, distributed holes are also possible over the circumference of the gas reduction device or the outer shell of the gas reduction device. The gas reduction device is preferably funnel-shaped and is closed, for example, by a flange. In this end or in the region of the end of the gas reduction device, one or more openings or outlets can be provided, through which the residual gas pressure can escape.

Der Übergang zwischen der Außenhülle der Mündungsbremse ins Gehäuse der Gasrückführung und -abkühlung kann bereits durch eingebundene Kühlrippen und / oder eingebrachtes Kühlmaterial geschaffen werden. Das kühlende Material kann so eingebunden werden, dass es beispielsweise versetzt zueinander und verteilt um das Waffenrohr etc. liegt. Ein vollständiges Ausfüllen der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung sollte vermieden, zumindest aber auf das erwünschte Durchströmen des Gases abgestimmt werden. Zwischen den bevorzugt voneinander bzw. zueinander beabstandeten Kühlmedien sind dann Expansionsräume zu schaffen.The transition between the outer shell of the muzzle brake in the housing of the gas recirculation and cooling can already be created by integrated cooling fins and / or introduced cooling material. The cooling material can be integrated so that it is, for example offset from one another and distributed around the gun barrel, etc. A complete filling of the gas reducing device should be avoided, or at least be tuned to the desired flow through the gas. Expansion chambers are then to be created between the cooling media, which are preferably spaced apart from one another.

Zur Unterstützung und definierten Abkühlung des Gases ist im vorderen Bereich der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung zumindest eine Öffnung vorzusehen, durch die Frischluft angesaugt in den / die Expansionsraum(räume) gelangen kann. Durch die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der aus der Mündungsbremse austretenden Gase entsteht zwischen der Öffnung und dem Expansionsraum ein Unterdruck, der das Ansaugen von Umweltluft / Frischluft bewirkt. Zusätzlich kann am hinteren Ende ein Ventilator eingebunden werden, wenn die Durchlüftung und die Abkühlung der Kühlelemente unterstützt werden soll. Diese Variante birgt den weiteren Vorteil, dass eine mögliche Verpuffung der konzentrierten Gase beim nachfolgenden Feuerstoß verhindert werden soll.To support and defined cooling of the gas is in the front region of the gas reducing device to provide at least one opening, sucked by the fresh air into the / the expansion space (spaces) can get. Due to the flow velocity of the gases emerging from the muzzle brake, a negative pressure is created between the opening and the expansion space, which causes the intake of ambient air / fresh air. In addition, a fan can be integrated at the rear end if the ventilation and cooling of the cooling elements is to be supported. This variant has the further advantage that a possible deflagration of the concentrated gases should be prevented in the subsequent burst of fire.

Die Mündungsbremse besteht ihrerseits aus einem Grundkörper bzw. eine Grundhülse mit Bohrungen. Diese Bohrungen sind schräg nach vorne weisend und besitzen eine schiefe - bevorzugt kegelförmige Form. Auf diese Bohrungen abgestimmt ist eine Umlenkhülse mit Bohrungen, durch die die Treibgase nach hinten gelenkt werden. Über beide Körper ist dann die Außenhülle befestigt, die ihrerseits mit der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung in Wirkverbindung steht.The muzzle brake in turn consists of a base body or a basic sleeve with holes. These holes are pointing obliquely forward and have a crooked - preferably conical shape. Tuned to these holes is a deflection sleeve with holes through which the propellant gases are directed backwards. About both body then the outer shell is attached, which in turn is in operative connection with the gas reduction device.

Mit der vorgeschlagenen Konstruktion wird ein schwaches Mündungsfeuer realisiert, die Rauchentwicklung minimiert und der Schall reduziert bei Beibehaltung der Funktion der Mündungsbremse. Die Mündungsbremse übernimmt somit nicht nur die Funktion der Rückstoßminimierung sondern auch die eines Schalldämpfers.The proposed design realizes a weak muzzle fire, minimizes smoke and reduces noise while maintaining muzzle brake function. The muzzle brake thus takes over not only the function of recoil minimization but also that of a silencer.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Mündungsbremse mit Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittdarstellung A-A aus Fig. 1
Reference to an embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail. It shows:
Fig. 1
a sectional view of a muzzle brake according to the invention with gas reducing device,
Fig. 2
a sectional view AA Fig. 1

Fig. 3 und 4 Alternativen der Einbindung der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung in eine Waffe. Fig. 3 and 4 Alternatives of integrating the gas reduction device into a weapon.

In Fig. 1 ist in einer Schnittzeichnung eine Mündungsbremse 1 (Fig. 2) mit einer Umhüllung aufgezeigt, die auf einem Waffenrohr 3 beispielsweise mittels Verschraubung befestigbar ist. Das Waffenrohr 3 wird in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel von einer Rohrhalterung 4 umschlossen.In Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a muzzle brake 1 ( Fig. 2 ) With an enclosure shown, which is fastened on a gun barrel 3, for example by means of screwing. The weapon barrel 3 is enclosed in this embodiment by a pipe holder 4.

Die Mündungsbremse 1 besteht aus einer Grundhülse 5, einer Umlenkhülse 6 sowie einem Hüllrohr 7. Kegelbohrungen 8 der Grundhülse 5 weisen Anschrägungen 9 auf, damit die Treibgase besser austreten können. Kegelbohrungen 10 in der Umlenkhülse 6 dienen zur besseren Expansion in das Hüllrohr 7. Die Bohrungen 8, 10 weisen eine schiefe Form - nach außen weisend jeweils größer werdend, ähnlich einer Kegelbohrung - auf, da diese Form das Gas entspannen kann, sodass bereits an dieser ein erstes Abkühlen erfolgt. Beide Bohrungen 8, 10 sind aufeinander abgestimmt.The muzzle brake 1 consists of a base sleeve 5, a deflecting sleeve 6 and a cladding tube 7. tapered holes 8 of the basic sleeve 5 have chamfers 9, so that the propellant gases can emerge better. Taper holes 10 in the deflection sleeve 6 serve for better expansion in the cladding tube 7. The holes 8, 10 have an oblique shape - outward each increasing in size, similar to a conical bore - on, since this form can relax the gas, so already at this a first cooling takes place. Both holes 8, 10 are matched.

Dem Hüllrohr 7 schließt sich eine Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung 12 an, die in der einfachsten Form ein einfaches Außenrohr (nicht näher dargestellt) sein kann. In diesem befindet sich dann entsprechend des erfinderischen Gedankens ein zusätzliches Kühlmittel (13, 14) zum Abkühlen der nach hinten gelenkten Treibgase.The cladding tube 7 is followed by a gas reducing device 12, which may be in the simplest form a simple outer tube (not shown in detail). In this is then according to the inventive idea, an additional coolant (13, 14) for cooling the propellant gases directed backwards.

Das vorliegende Ausführungsbeispiel greift jedoch auf eine waffenunabhängige (kann, muss nicht) Außenhülle 11 als Bestandteil der Gasreduzierungsvorrichtung (Vorrichtung) 12 zurück. Innerhalb dieser Außenhülle 11 sind Kühlrippen 13 und / oder kühlendes Material 14 eingebunden. Die Außenhülle 11 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel bevorzugt trichterförmig. Diese Form bietet sich dann an, wenn nur über einen kurzen Weg das zurückgeführte Gas abkühlen soll. Die Formgestaltung der Außenhülle 11 selbst ist jedoch frei wählbar und kann den jeweiligen Designervorstellungen angepasst werden.The present embodiment, however, relies on an arm-independent (may, need not) outer shell 11 as part of the gas reduction device (device) 12. Within this outer shell 11 cooling fins 13 and / or cooling material 14 are integrated. The outer shell 11 is preferably funnel-shaped in this embodiment. These Shape offers itself then, if only over a short way the recirculated gas is to cool down. The shape of the outer shell 11 itself, however, is arbitrary and can be adapted to the respective designer's ideas.

Die Vorrichtung 12 zur Reduzierung der Gastemperatur und damit des Gasvolumens weist neben der Außenhülle 11 eine Innenhülle 15 auf. Diese Innenhülle 15 kann eine eigenständige Einheit sein. Bevorzugt wird jedoch aufgrund der Masse und dem damit verbundenen Gewicht die Einbindung der Rohrhalterung 4 als Innenhülle 15. Dabei wird die Außenhülle 11 mit den daran befestigten Kühlrippen 13 bzw. Kühlmitteln 14 über die Innenhülle 15 geschoben, die Vorrichtung 12 am hinteren Ende verschlossen.The device 12 for reducing the gas temperature and thus the gas volume has, in addition to the outer shell 11 an inner shell 15. This inner shell 15 may be an independent unit. Preferably, however, due to the mass and the associated weight, the integration of the pipe holder 4 as inner shell 15. In this case, the outer shell 11 is pushed with the attached cooling fins 13 and coolants 14 on the inner shell 15, the device 12 is closed at the rear end.

Die Funktion ist wie folgt:

  • Die durch den Schuss ausgelösten Treibgase werden durch die Kegelbohrungen 8 der Grundhülse 5 auf die Umlenkhülse 6 gelenkt. Bereits durch die Grundhülse 5 und der Form der Bohrungen 8 wird Gas abgeschöpft, das dann gegen die Bohrungen 10 der Umlenkhülse 6 knallt und dabei umgelenkt wird. Durch die Umhüllung bzw. das Hüllrohr 7 wird das Gas dann nach hinten geleitet, ein Mündungsblitz reduziert bzw. gänzlich vermieden, da im Bereich der Mündungsbremse 1 ein Austritt des Gases nicht stattfindet.
The function is as follows:
  • The propellant gases released by the shot are directed onto the deflecting sleeve 6 by the conical bores 8 of the basic sleeve 5. Already through the basic sleeve 5 and the shape of the holes 8 gas is skimmed off, which then bangs against the holes 10 of the deflection sleeve 6 and is deflected. By the envelope or the cladding tube 7, the gas is then directed to the rear, a muzzle flash reduced or avoided altogether, since in the region of the muzzle brake 1, an exit of the gas does not take place.

Eine weitere Kühlung findet dann beispielsweise beim Ableiten der Treibgase in die anschließende Außenhülle 11 durch Kühlrippen 16 zwischen der Mündungsbremse 1 und der Vorrichtung 12 statt. Diese Kühlrippen 16 (als auch die Kühlrippen 13 der Vorrichtung 12) dienen zusätzlich auch als Stützrippen und stabilisieren das System. Vorgesehen sind wenigstens zwei - bevorzugt aber vier Kühlrippen 16.Further cooling then takes place, for example, when diverting the propellant gases into the adjoining outer shell 11 by cooling fins 16 between the muzzle brake 1 and the device 12. These cooling fins 16 (as well as the cooling fins 13 of the device 12) additionally serve as support ribs and stabilize the system. At least two - but preferably four cooling fins 16 are provided.

Das Treibgas wird in die Vorrichtung 12 eingesogen, wozu diese bevorzugt im vorderen Bereich wenigstens eine Öffnung 17 und bevorzugt im hinteren Bereich wenigstens eine weitere Öffnung 18 aufweist. Das durch den Unterdruck in die Vorrichtung 12 angesaugte Treibgas wird durch die Vorrichtung 12 gesogen, sodass ein Abkühlen des Gases erfolgt. Mögliches Restgas kann durch die Austrittsöffnung(en) 18 am Ende der Vorrichtung 12 austreten. Dieses ist dann jedoch soweit abgekühlt, dass es selbst von weitem nicht mehr als solches erkennbar ist.The propellant gas is drawn into the device 12, for which purpose it preferably has at least one opening 17 in the front area and at least one further opening 18 in the rear area. The propellant gas sucked into the device 12 by the negative pressure is sucked through the device 12 so that the gas is cooled down. Possible residual gas can escape through the outlet opening (s) 18 at the end of the device 12. However, this is then cooled down so far that even from a distance it is no longer recognizable as such.

Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen in einer ehe skizzenhaften Darstellung eine alternative Einbindung der Vorrichtung 12 an das Waffenrohr 3 zwischen Rohrhalterung 4 und der eigentlichen Mündungsbremse 1. Die Kühlrippen 13 sind hierbei zum Waffenrohr 3 weisend eingebunden. Zwischen den Kühlrippen 13 kann auch hier Kühlmaterial 14 eingebracht sein. Fig. 3 and 4 show in a before sketchy representation of an alternative integration of the device 12 to the gun barrel 3 between the pipe bracket 4 and the actual muzzle brake 1. The cooling fins 13 are in this case the weapon barrel 3 incorporated pointing. Cooling material 14 can also be introduced here between the cooling fins 13.

Claims (10)

  1. Muzzle brake (1) with a gas-reducing device (12) for a weapon barrel (3) with a basic sleeve (5) with bores (8), a deflecting sleeve (6) with bores (10), and also with a casing tube (7), which is attached around said two sleeves, for dissipating the propellant gas into the at least one adjoining gas-reducing device (12), with cooling elements (13, 14), wherein the cooling elements (13, 14) provided are cooling ribs and/or cooling means, such as a mesh material, slats, steel wool, a material with a honeycomb structure or honeycomb surface, and the gas-reducing device (12) comprises at least one outer casing (11) in which said cooling elements (13, 14) are incorporated.
  2. Muzzle brake according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bores (8, 10) are of oblique, preferably conical, design.
  3. Muzzle brake according to Claim 2, characterized in that the bores (8) of the basic sleeve (5) have a bevel (9).
  4. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material with a honeycomb shape are, for example, known shock mounts or the like which act in a similar manner to a catalytic converter in vehicles.
  5. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas-reducing device (12) in addition to the outer casing (11) comprises an inner casing (15), between which casings the cooling elements (13, 14) are incorporated.
  6. Muzzle brake according to Claim 5, characterized in that the inner casing (15) is formed by a barrel holder (4) of the weapon barrel (3).
  7. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a negative pressure is created in the gas-reducing device (12), for example by means of a front opening (17).
  8. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the outer casing (11) has a funnel shape.
  9. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the gas-reducing device (12) is closed off by a flange, wherein one or more openings is or are provided in the flange and/or in the region of the end of the device.
  10. Muzzle brake according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a fan can be incorporated at the rear end of the gas-reducing device (12).
EP11717490.4A 2010-05-06 2011-04-19 Signature-reduced muzzle brake Active EP2567175B1 (en)

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DE102010019358A DE102010019358A1 (en) 2010-05-06 2010-05-06 Signature reduced muzzle brake
PCT/EP2011/001996 WO2011137976A1 (en) 2010-05-06 2011-04-19 Signature-reduced muzzle brake

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US8695475B2 (en) 2014-04-15
EP2567175A1 (en) 2013-03-13
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US20130233162A1 (en) 2013-09-12
DE102010019358A1 (en) 2011-11-10

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