Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
  • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
  • G21F5/10—Heat-removal systems, e.g. using circulating fluid or cooling fins
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
  • G21F5/002—Containers for fluid radioactive wastes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
  • G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
  • G21F5/008—Containers for fuel elements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
  • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
  • G21F5/12—Closures for containers; Sealing arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
  • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
  • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
  • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
  • G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of the evacuation of heat produced by radioactive materials loaded in a transport packaging and / or storage of radioactive materials.
• the present invention relates to a natural convection heat dissipation structure, intended to equip the periphery of a packaging for the transport and / or storage of radioactive materials, for example nuclear fuel assemblies or radioactive waste.
• This heat removal device is designed in particular to limit the temperature reached in service by the various components of the packaging, including seals and radiological protection, to avoid any risk of degradation of these elements.
• this device in addition to being able to ensure its main function of heat exchanger with the ambient environment, this device is designed to be compatible with packaging service constraints, such as decontaminability, holding in the environment. time, resistance to atmospheric attack, resistance to operating conditions such as immersion during loading and unloading, or containment of the neutron shielding resin.
• a known solution for this type of external heat removal device is in the form of a casing shell surrounding the lateral body of the package, and on which are welded longitudinal fins of appropriate section. These fins are also called vertical because they are oriented in the vertical direction when the package rests itself vertically.
• the invention therefore aims to remedy at least partially the disadvantage mentioned above, relating to the achievements of the prior art.
• the invention firstly relates to a natural convection heat dissipation structure, intended to equip the periphery of a package for the transport and / or storage of radioactive materials, the structure having two adjacent half-structures each comprising primary fins parallel and inclined with respect to a direction of the height of the structure, the primary fins of the two half-structures forming two-by-two fins in the general shape of inverted V, when the package is arranged vertically with its bottom facing down,
• each half-structure the height of each half-structure, in the direction of the height in which successive primary fins inclined, this height being between 2 and 5 m;
• - h the height of each primary fin, between 10 and 100 mm
• - d the width of each primary air flow channel defined between two directly consecutive primary fins, this width being between 10 and 50 mm;
• - Ep the thickness of each primary fin, satisfying the condition d / Ep> 2.5; - L: the width of each half-structure in a transverse direction orthogonal to the direction of the height, said width L satisfying the following condition:
• the invention also has at least one of the following optional features, taken alone or in combination.
• the two adjacent half-structures are arranged substantially symmetrically.
• the structure has a possible spacing Ec between the opposite ends of two primary fins jointly forming a vane in the general shape of inverted V, the two opposite ends forming the tip of the V, this gap Ec satisfying the condition Ec / L ⁇ 0 2.
• the primary fins are straight and inclined by a value between 30 and 60 ° with respect to the direction of the height, and preferably inclined by a value of 45 ° with respect to this same direction.
• the width d is constant and identical for all the primary channels of air circulation of each half-structure.
• the convective performance of the fins is further increased.
• the gains in terms of thermal performance are at least of the order of 25% compared to solutions with vertical fins, with identical heat exchange surfaces.
• the two half-structures are distinct from each other, each having a plate and its own primary fins projecting from the plate. This gives ease of manufacture and assembly.
• the two half-structures can be made on the same plate of height H.
• Each half-structure is substantially flat, which also gives an ease of manufacture.
• the invention also relates to a packaging for the transport and / or storage of radioactive materials comprising a lateral body externally equipped with several heat dissipation structures such as the one described above, these structures being distributed circumferentially around the lateral body .
• a spacing Ec 'between two dissipation structures directly adjacent in the circumferential direction is substantially equal to the spacing Ec.
• FIG. 1 represents a front view of a package for storing and / or transporting radioactive materials, comprising a heat dissipation structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 2 shows a partial sectional view taken along the line 11-11 of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of part of the heat dissipation structure
• Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Figure 3.
• Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, which has been schematized the principle of air swirl over the fins and primary channels of the heat dissipation structure.
• FIG. 1 there is shown a package 1 for storing and / or transporting radioactive material, such as nuclear fuel assemblies or radioactive waste (not shown).
• radioactive material such as nuclear fuel assemblies or radioactive waste (not shown).
• This package 1 is shown in Figure 1 in vertical storage position, in which its longitudinal axis 2 is oriented vertically. It rests on a packaging bottom 4, opposite a removable cover 6 in the direction of the height 8, parallel to the longitudinal axis 2. Between the bottom 4 and the lid 6, the package 1 comprises a lateral body 10 extending around the axis 2, and internally defining a cavity 12 for the housing of radioactive materials.
• the lateral body 10 generally comprises an inner ring 14 and a concentric outer ring 16, defining an annular space 18 centered on the axis 2.
• the space 18 is filled by thermal conduction means 20 connecting the two rings 14, 16, as well as by means of neutron protection 22.
• the aforesaid means 20, 22 are of conventional design and will therefore not be further described.
• the outer shell 16 is made using a plurality of heat dissipation structures 30 according to the invention. These structures 30 are distributed circumferentially around the axis 2, and each extends at a height H of between 2 and 5 m in the direction of the height 8.
• the structures 30 comprise bases in the form of rectangular plates, these plates each comprise two longitudinal edges. These plates are assembled end-to-end by welding at their opposite edges, so as to reconstitute the outer shell 16.
• FIG. 3 there is shown two adjacent structures 30 in the circumferential direction 32 of the package. These two structures 30 are identical, and it is preferably the same for all the structures 30 constituting the outer ring 16, their number being between 5 and 40.
• Each heat dissipation structure 30 has two half-structures 30a, 30b of similar designs, and being arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to a radial plane Pr of the package.
• the half-structure 30a comprises straight and parallel primary fins 40a. They are inclined relative to the direction of the height 8 of the package, also corresponding to the height direction of the structure 30.
• the angle of inclination Aa of the primary fins 40a with respect to the direction 8 is preferably the order of 45 °.
• the half-structure 30b comprises straight and parallel primary fins 40b. They are inclined relative to the direction of the height 8 of the package, an inclination angle Ab preferably of the order of 45 °.
• the symmetry may not be perfect, for example by providing a small difference in the value of the two angles Aa, Ab, of the order of 10 to 20 °.
• the primary fins 40a, 40b of the two half-structures form two-by-two fins 44 in the general shape of inverted V, when the package is arranged vertically with its bottom facing downwards, as in Figures 1 and 3.
• Each half-structure 30a, 30b can be made in one piece in the direction 8, or segmented in the same direction. In the latter case illustrated in Figure 1, the half-structure segments are then arranged in continuity with each other, being welded end-to-end.
• the two half-structures 30a, 30b are distinct from one another, namely that they each comprise a plate 46 from which the associated primary fins project, as has been shown for the half-structure 30a in Figure 4.
• the two plates 46 are joined together by welding at their edges facing in the circumferential direction, so as to reconstitute a structure 30.
• the two assembled plates 46 together form the aforementioned base shaped of rectangular plate, participating in reconstructing the outer shell 16.
• the two half-structures 30 a, 30 b are of symmetrical design.
• the primary channels 48a, 48b delimited respectively by two directly consecutive fins 40a, 40b in the direction 8 are also represented.
• each half-structure 30a, 30b corresponding to the height H of the structure 30 composed by these two half-structure.
• the height H is between 2 and 5 m, and preferably close to 4 m.
• each primary fin 40a, 40b It is also the height h of each primary fin 40a, 40b, between 10 and 100 mm, and preferably identical for all the primary fins.
• the width d of each primary airflow channel 48a, 48b is also part of these important parameters. This width d is between 10 and 50 mm, and is constant and identical for all the channels 48a, 48b, over the entire height H.
• each primary fin 40a, 40b it is also the thickness Ep of each primary fin 40a, 40b, satisfying the condition d / Ep> 2.5.
• This thickness Ep is also preferably identical for all the primary fins.
• each half-structure 30a, 30b is also a key parameter.
• This width L extending in a transverse direction orthogonal to the direction of the height and comparable to the circumferential direction 32, is identical for the two half-structures and satisfies the following condition:
• any spacing Ec may be provided between the ends opposite two primary fins 40a, 40b, forming a fin generally V-shaped inverted 44. This spacing, arranged at the tip of the fin 44, meets the condition Ec / L ⁇ 0.2. The spacings being aligned in the direction 8, they together form a kind of vertical air discharge channel 54, at the junction between the two half-structures 30a, 30b of the structure 30 of heat dissipation.
• This spacing Ec' is for example substantially equal to the spacing Ec.
• the gains in thermal efficiency can reach up to 90% compared to the conventional solution with vertical straight vanes, when the width L is close to the specific value defined by the following product: 0.35. H 0 ' 5 . h 0 ' 6 / d 0 ' 1 .
• the gains in thermal performance are unexpectedly and surprisingly explained by obtaining a phenomenon of acceleration of the air particles within the primary channels 48a, 48b.
• This acceleration of the air in the channels results from the interaction between the air intake zones 58 at the inlet of the channels 48a, 48b, and the discharge zones. 60 located further down these channels.
• the air suction zones 58 correspond to the strongly grayed, triangle-shaped portions with the apex facing upwards. This is explained by the fact that these suction zones 58, in the channels 48a, 48b, are more extended downwards.
• the discharge zones 60 correspond to the less gray portions, in the form of a triangle with the top facing downwards. This is explained by the fact that these areas of discharge are more extended upwards.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
• Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Packages (AREA)
• Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=55948881

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 2015
  • 2015-12-14 FR FR1562301A patent/FR3045143B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-12-13 UA UAA201807847A patent/UA122810C2/uk unknown
  • 2016-12-13 CN CN201680071424.4A patent/CN108369829B/zh active Active
  • 2016-12-13 KR KR1020187016755A patent/KR102604785B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-12-13 WO PCT/EP2016/080801 patent/WO2017102729A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-12-13 JP JP2018531071A patent/JP6944454B2/ja active Active
  • 2016-12-13 EP EP16809084.3A patent/EP3391379B1/de active Active
  • 2016-12-13 US US16/060,378 patent/US10381120B2/en active Active

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