EP3385462B1 - Thermally insulating component - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a thermally insulating component of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

From the EP 1 564 336 A1 a thermally insulating component of the generic type is known. Such thermally insulating components with an insulating body are used in joints between load-absorbing structural parts, for example between building ceilings and balcony slabs. In order to absorb pressure forces and shear forces, thrust thrust bearings are provided in the insulating body, which project into the building ceiling on one long side of the component and into the balcony slab on the opposite long side. Tension rods are also provided for the transmission of tensile forces.

It is also known to separately form the elements for absorbing pressure forces and thrust forces. From the DE 10 2011 054 275 A1 a thermally insulating component for connecting a building ceiling and a balcony slab is known which comprises an insulating body and tension rods for absorbing tensile forces, transverse force rods for absorbing shear forces and pressure elements for absorbing compressive forces.

The EP 0 499 590 A1 discloses for the transmission of shear forces and pressure forces reinforcing irons that protrude through the thermally insulating component. To absorb shear forces, plate-shaped connecting elements are provided which protrude through the insulating body. Project parallel on each side of the insulator crossbars to the insulating body, which are connected to the connecting elements and can thereby introduce transverse forces.

The EP 2 610 410 A2 discloses different components for thermal insulation that have tension rods. Either transverse force rods and pressure elements or, in other exemplary embodiments, thrust thrust bearings are provided for transmitting pressure forces and thrust forces. To optimize the component with regard to the transmission of pressure force, it is provided to secure the critical area of the load-bearing component with an additional reinforcement element in the form of a bridging element.

The invention has for its object to provide a thermally insulating component of the generic type, which has an improved insulating effect.

This object is achieved by a thermally insulating component with the features of claim 1.

It has been shown that thermally insulating components which have thrust thrust bearings for absorbing horizontal and vertical forces are often oversized with regard to absorbing vertical forces. The invention now provides to replace at least one of the thrust slide bearings by a thrust bearing. The thrust bearing is designed exclusively to absorb horizontal forces. For the transmission of the same horizontal forces as a thrust thrust bearing, thrust bearings have a reduced cross-section in normal loading and installation situations. By replacing at least one thrust bearing with a thrust bearing, the heat transfer between the building parts can be reduced. At the same time, the thermally insulating component can be adapted well to the acting forces. Accordingly, different elements, namely both thrust thrust bearings and thrust bearings, are provided to absorb the horizontal forces. Horizontal forces are pressure and tensile forces. In the installed position, the compressive and tensile forces have an advantageous effect horizontal direction, in particular in the transverse direction of the component. Vertical forces are shear forces that act in the vertical direction of the component. Vertical forces have an advantageous effect in the vertical direction when installed.

In the installed state of the thermally insulating component in a joint between load-absorbing structural parts, in particular between a building ceiling and a balcony slab, the transverse direction advantageously extends in the horizontal direction from one to the other structural part. The transverse direction is in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The transverse direction is advantageously also perpendicular to the long sides of the insulating body. The long sides are advantageously oriented approximately vertically. The longitudinal sides do not have to be flat, but can be structured, for example by extensions extending in the longitudinal direction on the top and / or bottom of the insulating body. The vertical direction of the insulating body is vertical in the installed position. The long side advantageously extends approximately in the longitudinal direction and approximately in the vertical direction.

Thrust bearings and thrust thrust bearings differ in the type of forces that can be absorbed by the respective bearing. Thrust bearings are only designed to absorb horizontal forces that act in a transverse direction of the thermally insulating component. This results in a uniaxial stress state in the thrust bearing. Thrust bearings are advantageously designed with a low height and are arranged near the underside of the thermally insulating component. This results in a low center of gravity in the thermally insulating component and, preferably in the vertical direction, a large distance from components that transmit tensile force.

Thrust thrust bearings are designed to absorb horizontal and vertical forces. The vertical forces act in the connection plane perpendicular to the horizontal forces, i.e. in the vertical direction of the insulating body. In order to intercept the moment introduced into the thrust bearing by the horizontal forces, the horizontal forces acting on the thrust bearing have an axial offset from one another, so that a biaxial stress state in the thrust bearing results. On at least one long side of the insulating body, the height of the thrust bearing measured on this long side in the vertical direction is smaller than the height of the thrust bearing on the long side of the insulating body. Thrust thrust bearings advantageously have a significantly greater height measured in the vertical direction than thrust bearings for absorbing the torque introduced by the horizontal forces on at least one long side, in particular at least on the long side facing a balcony slab in the installed state. The height of the thrust bearing on the at least one long side is advantageously less than 50%, in particular less than 30% of the height of the thrust bearing on this long side of the insulating body. The height of the thrust bearing and thrust bearing is measured in the vertical direction on the same long side of the insulating body.

The thrust slide bearings advantageously protrude over the long sides with a protrusion of at least 1.0 cm. A protrusion of at least 1.5 cm, in particular from 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm, is considered to be particularly advantageous. The protrusion is preferably about 2.0 cm. The protrusion is measured between the thrust bearing and the area of the insulating body directly adjacent to the thrust bearing, so that extensions, ledges or the like running on the top and bottom of the insulating body, for example, are not taken into account.

The thrust slide bearings protrude beyond each long side with at least one protrusion. It can be provided that the thrust thrust bearings have on each longitudinal side a projection arranged adjacent to the top and another adjacent to the bottom. However, it can also be provided that the thrust slide bearings have a projection on the long side on the upper side and a projection on the lower side on the opposite long side. In an alternative design, a projection arranged between the top and bottom can also be advantageous. The protrusion of the thrust slide bearing is measured in the area which projects furthest beyond the long side, in particular in the at least one projection. The protrusion advantageously forms a projection surface in the vertical direction, by means of which forces acting in the vertical direction, that is to say in the vertical direction, can be transmitted. Instead of or in addition to at least one protrusion, the thrust thrust bearing can also have one or more depressions, via the projection surface of which vertical forces acting in the vertical direction, namely thrust forces, can be transmitted. The transferable thrust depends on the total size of the projection surface. The projection surface can be formed by a single projection or a single depression or be composed of the projection surfaces on a plurality of projections or depressions.

The thrust bearings can also protrude over the long sides with a protrusion. It can also be provided that the end faces of the thrust bearings are flush with the long sides lie. However, the thrust bearings do not form a horizontal projection surface on which forces can be transmitted.

In order to further improve the options for adapting the thermally insulating component to the application, the thermally insulating component can have at least one tension rod, at least one compression rod and / or at least one transverse force rod, which each protrude through the insulating body.

In order to match an optimal ratio of the bending moments and shear forces to be absorbed, it is advantageously provided that the thermally insulating component has thrust thrust bearings, thrust bearings and tension rods, but no compression rods and no transverse force rods. This is particularly advantageous in the case of thermally insulating components for connecting cantilever plates.

In order to increase the shear force carrying capacity, in particular in the case of thermally insulating components for connecting cantilever plates, it is advantageously provided that the thermally insulating component has thrust thrust bearings, thrust bearings, tension rods and shear force rods, but no compression rods.

For a thermally insulating component, which is used in particular for connecting supported plates, it is advantageously provided that the thermally insulating component has thrust thrust bearings, thrust bearings and shear force rods. This thermally insulating component advantageously has no tension rods and no compression rods. This achieves an optimal ratio of the pressure forces and thrust forces to be absorbed. If increased compressive forces are to be absorbed, it is provided that the thermally insulating component contains thrust thrust bearings, thrust bearings, compression rods and shear force rods, but not tension rods. This is particularly advantageous for a thermally insulating component that is used to connect supported plates. A thermally insulating component that can be used, for example, to connect cantilever plates and has a higher load-bearing capacity for bending moments Advantageously thrust thrust bearings, thrust bearings, tension rods and compression rods, but no transverse force rods.

For a thermally insulating component, which is used in particular for connecting continuous plates and with which a maximum load-bearing capacity is achieved, it is advantageously provided that the thermally insulating component has thrust bearing, thrust bearing, tension rods, compression rods and shear force rods.

The insulating body advantageously has an underside running in the longitudinal direction between the longitudinal sides. In the installed position, the underside of the thermally insulating component is advantageously at the bottom. The thrust bearing and the thrust thrust bearing are advantageously arranged near the underside of the thermally insulating component. The distance between the thrust bearing and the underside is advantageously less than 3 cm, in particular less than 2 cm. In particular, the distance between the thrust slide bearings and the underside is less than 3 cm, in particular less than 2 cm. In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the thrust bearing and the distance between the thrust bearing to the underside are approximately the same. The distance between the thrust bearing and the bottom is advantageously 80% to 120% of the distance between the thrust bearing and the bottom.

During operation, the building parts can move in the transverse direction to each other. In order to allow this relative movement, it is advantageously provided that the area of the thrust thrust bearing protruding over the long sides of the insulating body is at least partially formed in a radius around at least one axis running in the vertical direction. Alternatively or additionally, the area of the thrust bearing protruding over the longitudinal sides of the insulating body is advantageously at least partially formed in a radius around at least one axis running in the vertical direction.

In a preferred embodiment, both the area of the thrust thrust bearing projecting over the long sides of the insulating body and the area of the thrust bearing projecting over the long sides of the insulating body are at least partially around a radius formed at least one axis extending in the vertical direction. As a result, the thrust thrust bearings and the thrust bearings can move in relation to the structural parts in the manner of joints. Different radii can be provided for different areas of the thrust bearing or thrust bearing. It can be advantageous that all centers of the different radii of a thrust bearing or a thrust thrust bearing lie on the same axis on one long side. An offset between the centers of the radii in plan view of the thrust bearing can also be advantageous. The centers of the radii then lie on different axes running in the vertical direction. The center points of the radii advantageously lie between the planes formed by the longitudinal sides of the insulating body, that is to say within the insulating body. In a preferred design, the center points of the radii lie on planes parallel to the long sides of the insulating body. An arrangement in the extension of the long side of the insulating body can also be advantageous. The at least one axis is preferably not outside the insulating body.

Fig. 1

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements in Einbaulage,

Fig. 2 bis Fig. 4

perspektivische Darstellungen von Ausführungsbeispielen von Drucklagern,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiel eines Druckschublagers,

Fig. 6

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements mit Druckschublager,

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht auf das Druckschublager aus Fig. 7 in Richtung des Pfeils VIII in Fig. 7,

Fig. 9

eine schematische Seitenansicht auf das Druckschublager aus Fig. 7 in Richtung des Pfeils IX in Fig. 7,

Fig. 10

eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Druckschublagers in Richtung des Pfeils VIII in Fig. 7,

Fig. 11

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckschublagers,

Fig. 12

eine schematische Draufsicht auf das Druckschublager in Richtung des Pfeils XII in Fig. 11,

Fig. 13

eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckschublagers,

Fig. 14

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiel eines Drucklagers,

Fig. 15

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckschublagers,

Fig. 16

eine Seitenansicht des Druckschublagers aus Fig. 15,

Fig. 17

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Drucklagers,

Fig. 18

eine Seitenansicht des Drucklagers aus Fig. 17,

Fig. 19 bis 24

Ausführungsbeispiele von thermisch isolierenden Bauelementen mit unterschiedlicher Anordnung von Drucklagern und Druckschublagern.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

1 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a thermally insulating component in the installed position,

2 to 4

perspective representations of exemplary embodiments of thrust bearings,

Fig. 5

2 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a thrust slide bearing,

Fig. 6

2 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a thermally insulating component,

Fig. 7

1 shows a schematic side view of a thermally insulating component with a thrust bearing,

Fig. 8

a view of the thrust bearing Fig. 7 in the direction of arrow VIII in Fig. 7 .

Fig. 9

a schematic side view of the thrust bearing Fig. 7 in the direction of arrow IX in Fig. 7 .

Fig. 10

a plan view of an embodiment of a thrust bearing in the direction of arrow VIII in Fig. 7 .

Fig. 11

1 shows a schematic side view of an exemplary embodiment of a thrust bearing,

Fig. 12

is a schematic plan view of the thrust bearing in the direction of arrow XII in Fig. 11 .

Fig. 13

2 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a thrust bearing,

Fig. 14

1 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a thrust bearing,

Fig. 15

1 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a pressure slide bearing,

Fig. 16

a side view of the thrust bearing Fig. 15 .

Fig. 17

1 shows a perspective illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a thrust bearing,

Fig. 18

a side view of the thrust bearing Fig. 17 .

19 to 24

Embodiments of thermally insulating components with different arrangements of thrust bearings and thrust thrust bearings.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a thermally insulating component 1, which is arranged in a parting line 4 between two building parts, in the exemplary embodiment a balcony slab 2 and a building ceiling 3. The component 1 has an insulating body 5, which has an elongated, in the embodiment a cuboid shape. The insulating body 5 is used for at least partially thermal separation of the building ceiling 3 from the balcony plate 2. The insulating body 5 has a longitudinal direction 6, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the parting line 4 between the balcony plate 2 and the building ceiling 3. The longitudinal direction 6 is aligned horizontally in the installed position. The insulating body 5 also has a transverse direction 7, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 6 in the exemplary embodiment. The insulating body 5 has a first longitudinal side 9 running along the balcony plate 2 and an opposite second longitudinal side 10 running along the building ceiling 3. The transverse direction 7 runs from the balcony plate 2 to the building ceiling 3 and transversely to the longitudinal sides 9 and 10. The Transverse direction 7 is advantageously arranged horizontally in the installed position. The insulating body 5 also has a vertical direction 8, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 6 and the transverse direction 7 and which is advantageously oriented vertically in the installed position.

The insulating body 5 has an underside 13 which is arranged at the bottom in the installed position and which extends between the longitudinal sides 9 and 10. The underside 13 is advantageously aligned horizontally and perpendicular to the vertical direction 8. The insulating body 5 has an upper side 14 opposite the lower side 13, which in the exemplary embodiment is also oriented horizontally and perpendicular to the vertical direction 8. The top 14 is arranged at the top of the insulating body 5 in the installed position. The length of the insulating body 5 measured in the longitudinal direction 6 can be selected to be adapted to the application.

The insulating body 5 has a width g measured in the transverse direction 7 and a height h measured in the vertical direction 8. In the exemplary embodiment, the height h is greater than the width g. The insulating body 5 can for example be designed as a box which is filled with insulating material. The insulating body 5 is in particular not suitable for absorbing the forces to be transmitted between the balcony slab 2 and the building ceiling 3. To transfer the forces, 5 thrust thrust bearings 11 and thrust bearings 12 are arranged in the insulating body. The thrust bearing 11 and the thrust bearing 12 are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction 6 in the embodiment. Another, in particular another regular arrangement of thrust bearings 12 and thrust thrust bearings 11 can, however, also be advantageous. An irregular arrangement of thrust bearings 12 and thrust bearings 11 can also be advantageous.

In the exemplary embodiment, the thrust bearings 12 are at a distance n from adjacent thrust bearing 11. Adjacent thrust bearing 11 are at a distance p from one another. Adjacent thrust bearings 12 are at a distance o from one another. The distances o and p can be the same for all thrust bearings 12 and all thrust bearing 11, so that the thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 are evenly spaced from one another. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance n is the same between all thrust bearing 11 and thrust bearing 12.

Via the component 1, 3 horizontal forces F _H and vertical forces Fv are to be transmitted from the balcony slab 2 into the building ceiling Fig. 1 are shown schematically. The horizontal forces F _H include compressive forces F _D and tensile forces Fz, which in Fig. 1 are also shown schematically. The horizontal forces F _H have an advantageous effect in the horizontal direction in the installed position. The vertical forces Fv include thrust forces in both directions, i.e. upwards and downwards. In the installed position, the vertical forces Fv have an advantageous effect in the vertical direction. To absorb the horizontal forces F _H and the vertical forces Fv, the thrust thrust bearings 11 are provided. In this exemplary embodiment, the number and size of the thrust bearing 11 is dimensioned such that all vertical forces Fv to be absorbed can be transmitted by the thrust bearing 11. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, in particular in the case of additionally provided transverse force bars, the thrust thrust bearings 11 do not have to transmit the entire vertical forces Fv.

Usually, a larger number of pressure thrust bearings 11 is required to absorb the pressure forces F _D to be transmitted than to transmit the vertical forces Fv. To absorb the additional horizontal forces F _H , the thrust bearings 12 are therefore provided, which are provided only for absorbing horizontal forces F _H. This is achieved in that the thrust bearings 12 do not have a horizontally running projection surface, via which vertical forces Fv can be transmitted. If the thrust bearing 12 protrudes over the long sides 9 and 10 into the balcony slab 2 and the building ceiling 3, soft material such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) or the like can be arranged on the thrust bearing 12, the thrust bearing 12 can be rounded with a large radius, or have an air gap in the vertical direction to the surrounding concrete of the balcony slab 2 or the building ceiling 3. In this way, in the case of a thrust bearing 12 projecting into the balcony slab 2 or the building ceiling 3, this can prevent vertical forces Fv, that is to say thrust forces, from being introduced into the thrust bearing 12.

Compared to a thermally insulating component 1, which has only pressure thrust bearings 11 for absorbing the horizontal forces F _H , in particular the pressure forces F _D , and the vertical forces Fv, the number of pressure thrust bearings 11 is reduced. Some of the thrust bearing 11, in the exemplary embodiment every second thrust bearing 11, are replaced by thrust bearing 12. To absorb the tensile forces Fz, for example, in Fig. 1 Tension rods, not shown, may be provided.

The thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 differ in their geometric design. The thrust thrust bearings 11 have a height c measured in the vertical direction 8 on the long side 9, which is significantly greater than a height d of the thrust bearing 12 measured in the same direction on the long side 9. The height d of the thrust bearing 12 is advantageously less than 50%, in particular less than 30% of the height c of the thrust bearing 11. A comparatively large height c of the thrust bearing 11 is required to absorb the vertical forces Fv. The vertical forces Fv generate a moment on the thrust bearing 11 which is supported by the vertical distance of the horizontal forces F _{H introduced} . The active forces are in Fig. 5 for an installation position in which the side of the thrust slide bearing 11 shown on the right is arranged on the long side 9 and the side shown on the left on the long side 10 is shown schematically. In the exemplary embodiment, the horizontal forces F _H are exclusively pressure forces F _D. In an alternative embodiment, the horizontal forces F _H can also include tensile forces Fz. Since the thrust bearing 12 only absorb the pressure forces F _D , the height d of the thrust bearing 12 is significantly lower. The dimensions of the thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 are each measured on the relevant long side 9, 10 directly on the thrust bearing 12 or thrust bearing 11. The height c of the thrust slide bearing 11 can be the same size on both longitudinal sides 9 and 10. However, it can also be provided that the thrust slide bearings 11 have a significantly lower height on the long side 10 than on the long side 9. The height of the thrust bearing 11 on the long side 10 can approximately correspond to the height d of the thrust bearing 12 in an advantageous design.

How Fig. 1 also shows, both the thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 are arranged near the bottom 13 of the insulating body 5. The thrust slide bearings 11 are at a distance a from the underside 13. The distance a is advantageously less than 3 cm, in particular less than 2 cm. The thrust bearings 12 are at a distance b from the underside 13. The distance b is advantageously less than 3 cm, in particular less than 2 cm. Distances a and b between 1 cm and 2 cm are considered to be particularly advantageous. The distance b between the thrust bearing 12 and the underside 13 is advantageous 80% to 120% of the distance a between the thrust bearings 11 and the underside 13. In a preferred embodiment, the distances a and b are the same.

How Fig. 1 also shows, the thrust bearing 11 protrude beyond the long side 9. In a corresponding manner, the thrust bearing 11 protrude beyond the opposite long side 10. The thrust bearing 11 have projections 16 and 17, which are described in more detail below and with which the thrust bearing 11 protrude beyond the long sides 9 and 10. The projection e on the projections 16 and 17 is advantageously more than 1.0 cm, in particular more than 1.5 cm. A protrusion e of 1.5 from 2.5 cm, in particular of about 2 cm, is considered to be particularly advantageous.

The thrust bearings 12 project with a protrusion f over the long sides 9, 10, which in the exemplary embodiment is less than the protrusion e of the thrust thrust bearing 11. The thrust bearing 12 is designed and / or arranged in such a way that the projection f does not form a projection surface in the vertical direction 8, on which vertical forces Fv act and can be introduced into the thrust bearing 12. As a result, only horizontal forces F _{H are} transmitted via the thrust bearing 12. The projection f can also be zero, so that the thrust bearings 12 lie flush in the long sides 9, 10. The projections e and f are measured in the transverse direction 7, in particular perpendicular to the respective long side 9 or 10, and directly on the respective thrust bearing 12 or thrust bearing 11.

The 2 to 4 show different embodiments for thrust bearing 12. The in Fig. 2 The thrust bearing 12 shown has a cuboid base body, on which rounded end regions 15, which are semi-cylindrical in the exemplary embodiment, are formed. The thrust bearing 12 has a length k, which in the installed state in the transverse direction 7 ( Fig. 1 ) of the insulating body 5 is measured. The length k is the greatest extent of the thrust bearing 12. The end regions 15 are the regions which protrude beyond the long sides 9 and 10 of the insulating body 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the end regions 15 run with a radius s about an axis 31. The axis 31 lies in the insulating body in the installed state 5 advantageously in the area between the planes formed by the long sides 9 and 10 of the insulating body 5. The axis 31 is therefore advantageously within the insulating body. An arrangement of the axis 31 in the extension of the long side 9 or 10 can, however, also be advantageous. The thrust bearing 12 has a width m which is aligned in the longitudinal direction 6 in the installed position. The width m is significantly smaller than the length k. The width m can be, for example, 15% to 60% of the length k. The thrust bearing 12 also has the in Fig. 1 shown height d, which is significantly smaller than the length k. In the exemplary embodiment, the height d is smaller than the width m.

Fig. 3 shows a thrust bearing 12 which is cylindrical. The longitudinal center axis of the thrust bearing 12 is to be arranged in the transverse direction 7 in the insulating body 5. The thrust bearing 12 has end faces 32 which are advantageously arranged flush in the longitudinal sides 9 and 10 in the installed state and do not protrude beyond them. In an alternative design, the end faces 32 can be convexly curved and protrude beyond the long sides 9 or 10. The thrust bearing 12 has a length k 'which corresponds to the width g of the insulating body 5. The height d and the width m of the thrust bearing 12 are the same due to the cylindrical shape. The width m can be, for example, 15% to 60% of the length k '.

Fig. 4 shows a thrust bearing 12 which is designed as a cuboid. The thrust bearing 12 has end faces 32 which come to rest in the longitudinal sides 9 and 10 in the installed state. The thrust bearing 12 has a length k 'measured in the transverse direction 7 and a width m measured in the longitudinal direction 6, which is significantly smaller than the length k'. In the representation in Fig. 4 the end faces 32 are flat. In an alternative embodiment, the end faces 32 are convex and protrude over the long sides 9 and 10 in the installed state. Other forms of thrust bearings 12 can also be advantageous. Provision can be made to provide the end faces 32 of the thrust bearing 12 with a sliding layer.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a thrust bearing 11. The thrust bearing 11 has an upper side 18, which is arranged in the installation position in a parting line 4 above, and an underside 19 arranged in the installed position. In the embodiment, the bottom 19 and the top 18 are flat and parallel aligned with the longitudinal direction 6 and the transverse direction 7. The thrust bearing 11 has a width 1 which is aligned in the longitudinal direction 6 and which is significantly smaller than the height c of the thrust bearing 11. The thrust bearing 11 also has a length i, which is measured in the transverse direction 7 and which is greater than the width g of the insulating body 5. The thrust bearing 11 is, as well Fig. 1 shows, arranged in the insulating body 5, that the thrust bearing 11 protrudes on both ends 9 and 10 over the insulating body 5.

The thrust thrust bearing 11 has end faces 33 on the areas projecting beyond the longitudinal sides 9 and 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the end faces 33 do not run parallel to the vertical direction 8, but instead are curved. The end faces 33 have a central region 21, in which the overhang over the long sides 9 and 10 is only slight. On the top 18 there is a projection 16 which extends around the projection e ( Fig. 1 ) protrudes beyond the long side 9. A corresponding projection 17 is arranged on the underside 19, which also protrudes beyond the longitudinal side 9 by the projection e. This in Fig. 5 The illustrated embodiment of a thrust slide bearing 11 is mirror-symmetrical to three planes, namely to a plane spanned by the vertical direction 8 and the longitudinal direction 6, to a plane spanned by the vertical direction 8 and the transverse direction 7, and to a plane spanned by the longitudinal direction 6 and the transverse direction 7 . As a result, the thrust slide bearing 11 can be inserted into the insulating body 5 in any orientation. The long side 9 and the long side 10 can thereby be oriented both to the balcony slab 2 and to the building ceiling 3.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a component 1, which in addition to the insulating body 5, the thrust bearing 11 and the thrust bearings 12 has tie rods 26, compression rods 27 and shear bars 28. In Fig. 6 Both tension rods 26 and compression rods 27 and transverse force rods 28 are shown schematically. Which of these elements a component 1 are provided, can be selected adapted to the respective application. As a result, the component 1 can be adapted well to the respective application.

An advantageous embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1 advantageously comprises thrust bearing 11, thrust bearing 12 and tension rods 26. The tension rods 26 are arranged closer to the top 14 of the insulating body 5 than on the bottom 13. Advantageously, the tension rods 26 are closer to the top 14 of the Insulator 5 arranged as the upper sides 18 of the thrust bearing 11.

A further advantageous embodiment of a component 1 has thrust thrust bearings 11, thrust bearings 12, tension rods 26 and transverse force rods 28 Fig. 6 schematically shows, a transverse force rod 28 on the long side 9 runs closer to the upper side 14 than on the lower side 13. Through the insulating body 5, the transverse force rod 28 runs obliquely in the direction of the lower side 13 and leaves the insulating body 5 on the long side 10 in an area, which is closer to the underside 13 than to the top 14. Another transverse force rod 28 is guided in the opposite direction and runs on the long side 9 closer to the underside 13, in the insulating body 5 obliquely in the direction of the top 14 and leaves the insulating body 5 on the long side 10 closer to the top 14 than to the bottom 13. Depending on the forces to be transmitted, only one of the shear bars 28 can be provided. The arrangement of tension rods 26 and transverse force rods 28 results in a higher shear force carrying capacity of component 1.

A further advantageous variant of a component 1 has thrust thrust bearings 11, thrust bearings 12 and transverse force rods 28. This enables an optimized ratio of the transmittable horizontal forces F _H , in particular the compressive forces F _D , to the transmittable vertical forces Fv to be achieved.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a component 1 is provided which comprises thrust bearing 11, thrust bearing 12, thrust rods 27 and transverse force rods 28. Thereby In the case of a component 1, which is used in particular for connection for supported plates, an optimized ratio of the transferable horizontal force F _H , in particular the pressure force F _D to the transferable vertical force Fv, can be set. The pressure rods 27 run closer to the underside 13 than to the top 14. In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure rods 27 run at a distance from the underside 13, which is approximately the distance a, b of the thrust bearing 11 or the pressure bearing 12 from the underside 13 ( Fig. 1 ) corresponds.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a component 1 is provided, which comprises thrust bearing 11, thrust bearing 12, tension rods 26 and compression rods 27. Such a component 1 is particularly suitable for cantilevered panels in which an increased load-bearing capacity for bending moments is required.

In a further advantageous embodiment of a component 1, thrust thrust bearings 11, thrust bearings 12, tension rods 26, pressure rods 27 and transverse force rods 28 are provided. Such a component 1 is particularly advantageous for connecting continuous plates. A maximum load-bearing capacity of the component 1 can be achieved by the arrangement of tension rods 26, compression rods 27 and transverse force rods 28 in a component 1.

In all exemplary embodiments, the arrangement of the tension rods 26, compression rods 27 and / or transverse force rods 28 is advantageous as in FIG Fig. 6 shown and how to Fig. 6 described provided.

Fig. 7 shows schematically the arrangement of the thrust bearing 11 in the insulating body 5. How Fig. 7 shows, the thrust bearing 11 protrudes on each long side 9, 10 with a projecting area 20 beyond the long sides 9 and 10, respectively. In Fig. 7 the arrangement of the projections 16 and 17 on the upper side 18 and the lower side 19 as well as the central region 21, which is arranged between the projections 16 and 17, is also shown. At the projections 16 and 17, the thrust bearing 11 projects with the projection e the long sides 9 and 10 also. In the central area 21, the thrust slide bearing 11 projects beyond the long sides 9 and 10 with a reduced projection v. The protrusion e is advantageously at least 0.5 cm, in particular at least 1.0 cm larger than the reduced protrusion v. The difference between the projection e and the reduced projection v is advantageously matched to the number of load-bearing projections 16, 17 on each side of the thrust bearing 11. In Fig. 7 a load-bearing projection 16 or 17 is provided on each side of the thrust bearing 11. The respective other projection 16, 17 does not act load-bearing due to an air gap on the top 18 or the bottom 19. The projections 16 are therefore only intended to absorb upward forces and the projections 17 only to absorb downward forces. In the case of a load-bearing projection 16 or 17 on each side of the thrust bearing 11, the projection e is advantageously at least 1.0 cm larger than the reduced projection v. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, with at least two load-bearing projections on each side of the thrust bearing 11 and in each direction of force, the projection e can be smaller, advantageously at least 0.5 cm larger than the reduced projection v.

The vertical forces Fv are transmitted via the mutually facing pressure surfaces 36 of the projections 16 and 17. In conventional installation, an air gap to the surrounding concrete is formed on the top 18 and the bottom 19 of the thrust bearing 12, so that no vertical forces Fv can be introduced into the thrust bearing 12 on the top 18 and the bottom 19. The projection surface 35 of the pressure surface 36, which is perpendicular to the vertical direction, is decisive for the magnitude of the force to be transmitted Fig. 8 is shown schematically. The projection surface 35 is the surface formed in a plan view in the vertical direction 8 between the outer contour of the central region 21 and the outer contour of the projections 16 and 17, respectively. For the projection surface 35, only those areas of the pressure-thrust bearing 11 are taken into account that lie non-positively between the adjacent components, that is to say the building ceiling 3 and the concrete slab 2. The projection surface 35 can be formed on projections or on depressions.

How Fig. 8 shows, the thrust slide bearing 11 is provided on the projections 16 with rounded corners 30. The radius u at the rounded corners 30 is in the in 7 to 9 Embodiment of a push drawer 11 shown is smaller than half the width 1 of the push drawer 11 ( Fig. 9 ). Between the rounded corners 30, a straight section 34 is thereby formed on the projections 16, in which the projection 16 runs parallel to the longitudinal side 9 or 10. The radius u runs around an axis 23. The axis 23 is advantageously between the longitudinal sides 9 and 10. In the central region 21, the pressure-thrust bearing 11 is advantageously rounded with a radius x around an axis 37 at its edges running in the vertical direction 8. The thrust bearing 12 is advantageously rounded with a radius s about an axis 31 ( Fig. 2 ). In a particularly advantageous design, the axes 37 of the radii x lie in the central region 21 of the thrust bearing 11 and the axes 31 of the radii s of the thrust bearing 12 of a component 1 lie in a common plane which runs parallel to the long side 9.

Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of the thrust bearing 11, in which the projections 16 are carried out in a radius r. The radius r runs around an axis 23. The axis 23 is advantageously between the extension of the long side 9 and the extension of the long side 10, that is to say in the insulating body 5, as in FIG Fig. 10 is shown schematically for the long side 9. The radius r is therefore larger than the projection e ( Fig. 1 ) of the thrust slide bearing 11. However, another arrangement of the axis 23 can also be advantageous. The projection 16, like the projection 17, advantageously runs over the entire projection 20 in a constant radius r.

The 11 and 12 show another embodiment of a thrust bearing 11. How Fig. 11 shows, the projections 16 and 17 are each provided with a groove 22 on their mutually facing sides. The central region 21 is set back from the projections 16 and 17 in a side view, so that the thrust bearing 11 in the central region 21 projects less far beyond the long sides 9 and 10, respectively. The tops 18 and 19 are flat and parallel to each other. The thrust thrust bearing 11 is formed symmetrically to a plane spanned by the longitudinal direction 6 and the transverse direction 7, to a plane spanned by the transverse direction 7 and in the vertical direction 8 and to a plane spanned by the longitudinal direction 6 and the vertical direction 8.

How Fig. 12 shows, the outer contour on the projections 16 extends in a radius r about an axis 23. The axis 23 extends in the installed state in the vertical direction 8 ( Fig. 1 ) and in the extension of the long side 9 or 10. The groove 22 connects directly to the end face 33 in the exemplary embodiment. The groove 22 runs in a radius t around the axis 23. The end face 33 also runs in the radius t around the axis 23. The groove 22 forms an undercut in the transverse direction 7 and in the longitudinal direction 6 in the installed state, since the material is in the groove 22 the concrete slab 2 or the building ceiling 3, for example concrete, can intervene. How Fig. 12 also shows, the radius r is greater than half the width w of the thrust slide bearing 11 in the region lying between the projections 16 and 17. The width w is advantageously measured centrally between the projections 16 and 17. It can be advantageous to design the thrust bearing 11 without the grooves 22.

In the in the 11 and 12 The illustrated embodiment of a thrust slide bearing 11 has two projections 16 and 17 respectively on the top 18 and the bottom 19. At the in Fig. 13 shown embodiment, a projection 16 is arranged on the top 18. No projection 16 is arranged on the opposite side of the thrust bearing 11. The projection 16 is advantageously arranged on the end face 43 of the push-slide bearing 11 facing the building ceiling 3. On the opposite end 33 of the push-slide bearing 11, in particular facing the balcony plate 2, a projection 17 is provided on the underside 19. As a result, the protrusion 17 protrudes on the long side 9 of the insulating body 5 and the protrusion 16 on the long side 10. The protrusions 16 and 17 can each have a groove 22.

Fig. 14 shows a further embodiment of a thrust bearing 12, which comprises two bearing bodies 25. Each bearing body 25 can be designed corresponding to one of the thrust bearings 12 of the previous exemplary embodiments. In the exemplary embodiment, the bearing bodies 25 of the thrust bearing 12 each have a recess 24 on their upper side 18, at which the height of the bearing body 25 is reduced. The bearing bodies 25 each have two projections 29, which are provided for over the longitudinal sides 9, 10 of the insulating body 5 ( Fig. 1 ) to preside. In the exemplary embodiment, the projections 29 are designed with rounded corners and extend with a constant cross-section over the entire height of the bearing body 25. A circular-arc-shaped design of the projections 29, that is to say a design with a continuous radius, can also be advantageous. Other configurations of the bearing body 25 can also be advantageous. In a corresponding manner, two bearing bodies can also be provided for a pressure slide bearing 11, which are combined to form a common pressure slide bearing 11.

In the 15 and 16 Another embodiment of a thrust bearing 11 is shown. The thrust slide bearing 11 has an end face 33, in which a projection 17 is arranged adjacent to the underside 19. No projection is provided on the top side 18 on the end face 33. On the front side 33, the thrust bearing 11 has a vertical direction 8 ( Fig. 1 ) measured height c. How Fig. 15 shows, the height of the thrust bearing 11 decreases from the end face 33 to an opposite end face 43. The end face 33 is provided for installation on the longitudinal side 10 of the insulating body 5 facing a building ceiling 3, while the end face 43 on the opposite side, facing a balcony slab 2 Long side 9 is to be provided. The thrust slide bearing 11 has longitudinal sides 40 which extend between the end faces 33 and 43 approximately in the vertical direction 8. On the long sides 40, the thrust thrust bearing 11 in the exemplary embodiment has a recess 38 in each case. A stiffening strut 39 is provided on the long sides 40 adjacent to the underside 39 and extends approximately in the transverse direction 7 of the insulating body 5 ( Fig. 1 ) extends. The width 1 of the thrust slide bearing 11 is smaller in the area to be arranged in the insulating body 5 than on the end faces 33 and 43. In the area to be arranged in the insulating body 5, the width 1 increases from the side facing the front side 33 to the side facing the front side 43.

As the 15 and 16 show, the top 18 of the thrust slide bearing 11 is inclined in a central region and drops towards the end face 43. On the end face 43, the thrust slide bearing 11 has a height c 'which is less than the height c. The height c 'can advantageously be between 40% and 80%, in particular from 50% to 70% of the height c.

By in the 15 and 16 shown design of a thrust bearing 11 can be a reduced heat transfer between the balcony slab 2 and the building ceiling 3 ( Fig. 1 ) to reach. Other asymmetrical designs of a thrust slide bearing 11 can also be advantageous.

The 17 and 18 show a thrust bearing 12, which is advantageous in combination with that in the 15 and 16 Pressure thrust bearing 12 shown is provided in a thermally insulating component 1. The thrust bearing 12 is cuboidal in the exemplary embodiment and has end faces 32. Because of the symmetrical design of the thrust bearing 12, different installation positions are possible. The thrust bearing 12 has a vertical direction 8 when installed ( Fig. 1 ) measured height d. The height d is smaller than the height c of the thrust slide bearing 11 on the end face 33 ( 15 and 16 ). However, the height d can approximately correspond to the height c 'on the end face 43. It can also be provided that the height d is greater than the height c '. However, at least on one long side of the component 1, in particular on the long side 9 facing a balcony slab 2, the height c of the pressure slide bearing 11 is greater than the height d of the pressure bearing 12.

The Figures 19 to 24 show further possible arrangements of thrust bearings 12 and thrust bearings 11 in an insulating body 5. In the arrangement in Fig. 19 are four thrust bearing 11 and two thrust bearing 12 symmetrical in the component 1 shown arranged to the center of the component 1. The two outer thrust bearing 11 each have the same distance p from one another, while the two middle thrust bearing 11 have a reduced distance p 'from one another. The thrust bearings 12 are arranged at a distance n 'from the outer thrust bearing 11, which is significantly smaller than the distance n of the thrust bearing 12 from the adjacent middle thrust bearing 11. The thrust bearings 12 are at a distance o from one another which is significantly greater than the distances n, n ', p and p'.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 20 are the thrust slide bearing 11 as in the embodiment according to Fig. 19 arranged. The thrust bearings 12 are arranged at a reduced distance n 'from the first and third thrust thrust bearings and have the increased distance n from the second and fourth thrust thrust bearings 11, respectively. This results in a regular arrangement which is asymmetrical with respect to the center. An arrangement in which the distance n 'is greater than the distance n can also be advantageous.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 21 two thrust bearings 12 and two thrust thrust bearings 11 are provided in the thermally insulating component 1, which are arranged alternately. The thrust bearings 12 have different distances n and n 'from the adjacent thrust thrust bearings 11. The distance p between adjacent thrust bearings 11 and the distance o between adjacent thrust bearings 12 are the same, so that there is a regular arrangement.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 22 two thrust bearing 11 and two thrust bearing 12 are provided. Both thrust bearings 12 are arranged at a distance o from one another between the two thrust bearing 11. The distance p between the thrust bearing is at least twice the distance o.

Fig. 23 shows how Fig. 22 a symmetrical arrangement of pressure layers 12 and thrust bearing 11. The thermally insulating component 1 has five thrust bearing 11 and two thrust bearing 12. At the end regions of the component 1 there are two Thrust slide bearing 11 arranged adjacent to each other. The two thrust bearings 12 with a thrust thrust bearing 11 arranged between them are arranged between the two groups of two thrust bearing 11 each. The distance n 'between the thrust bearing 12 and the middle thrust bearing 11 is greater than the distance n from the outside thrust bearing 11.

This in Fig. 24 The exemplary embodiment shown has essentially the same arrangement as the exemplary embodiment Fig. 23 , However, the thrust bearings 12 are not arranged symmetrically to the center, but have the in Fig. 24 to the left of the thrust bearing 12 arranged thrust bearing 11 the distance n 'and in Fig. 24 arranged on the right next to the thrust bearing 12 thrust bearing 11 the greater distance n.

Another symmetrical or asymmetrical arrangement and number of thrust bearings 12 and thrust bearing 11 can also be advantageous. The arrangements shown can be repeated any number of times in order to form components 1 of greater length.

The thrust thrust bearing 11 and / or the thrust bearing 12 advantageously consist essentially of a pourable and / or injectable, hardenable material. The material advantageously comprises plastic or a mineral base material. In a particularly advantageous design, the thrust bearing 11 consist of dimensionally stable plastic or fiber cement.

Further advantageous configurations result from any combination of the features of the exemplary embodiments described above. The height of the thrust slide bearing 11 need not be constant in the transverse direction 7 or in the longitudinal direction 6, but can change in the transverse direction 7 and / or in the longitudinal direction 6. The thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 do not have to have symmetry. The width and / or the protrusion of the thrust bearing 12 and / or the thrust bearing 11 can the long side 9 and the long side 10 may be different sizes. The radii on the two long sides 9 and 10 and / or the position of the center points of the radii on the two long sides 9 and 10 can also be different for a thrust bearing 12 and / or for a thrust bearing 11. The thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 can have the same width in the longitudinal sides 9 and 10 measured in the longitudinal direction 6. However, different widths for the thrust bearing 12 and the thrust bearing 11 can also be advantageous. In particular, if the thrust bearing 12 has a greater width than the thrust bearing 11, it can be advantageous for the thrust bearing 12 to have a larger radius on its end faces than the thrust bearing 11. The projection f of the thrust bearing 12 into the adjacent component can also be greater than the projection e of the thrust bearing 11.

Claims (12)

1. Thermally insulating component for use in a kerf (4) between two load-bearing building parts, in particular between a building ceiling (3) and a balcony slab (2), having an insulating body (5), wherein the insulating body (5) has a longitudinal direction (6) and long sides (9, 10) extending in the longitudinal direction (6) and placed opposite each other, wherein the insulating body (5) has a transverse direction (7) extending transversely to the long sides (9, 10) and a vertical direction (8) extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (6) and extending perpendicularly to the transverse direction (7), wherein the insulating body (5) has axial/thrust bearings (11) designed to absorb horizontal forces (F_H) and vertical forces (F_V), wherein the axial/thrust bearings (11) extend through the insulating body (5) in the transverse direction (7) and project beyond the insulating body (5) on both long sides (9, 10) of the insulating body (5),
   wherein

   - the axial/thrust bearings (11) project beyond each of the long sides (9, 10) with at least one load-bearing projection (16, 17), wherein the axial/thrust bearing (11) has an overhang (e), which is measured at the projection (16, 17) in the region which extends farthest beyond the long side (9, 10), wherein the overhang (e) forms a projection surface (35) in the vertical direction (8) via which the vertical forces (F_V) can be transmitted,
   or

   - the axial/thrust bearings (11) have one or more recesses via the projection surface (35) of which the vertical forces (F_V) can be transmitted.
   wherein the transmittable thrust force depends on the overall size of the projection surface (35), wherein the axial/thrust bearings (11) are arranged with mutual spacing with respect to the longitudinal direction (6), characterised in that the insulating body (5) comprises at least one axial bearing (12), which is exclusively designed to absorb horizontal forces (F_H) and extends in the transverse direction (7) of the insulating body (5), wherein on at least one long side (9, 10) of the insulating body (5) the height (d) of the axial bearing (12) as measured on said long side (9, 10) in the vertical direction (8) is less than the height (c) of the axial/thrust bearing (11) as measured on said long side (9, 10) of the insulating body (5) in the vertical direction (8).
2. Component according to claim 1,
   characterised in that the height (d) of the axial bearing (12) as measured on the at least one long side (9, 10) of the insulating body (5) in the vertical direction (8) is less than 50%, in particular less than 30%, of the height (c) of the axial/thrust bearing (11) as measured on said long side (9, 10) of the insulating body (5) in the vertical direction (8).
3. Component according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the axial/thrust bearings (11) have an overhang (e) of at least 1.0 cm beyond the long sides (9, 10).
4. Component according to any of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that the axial/thrust bearings (11) have a top side (18) and an underside (19), and in that at least one projection (16) is located on the top side (18) and at least one projection (17) is located on the underside (19).
5. Component according to any of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that the component (1) has at least one tension member (26), which extends through the insulating body (5).
6. Component according to any of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that the component (1) has at least one compression member (27), which extends through the insulating body (5).
7. Component according to any of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that the component (1) has at least one transverse force member (28), which extends through the insulating body (5).
8. Component according to any of claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that the insulating body (5) has an underside (13) extending between the long sides (9, 10) in the longitudinal direction.
9. Component according to claim 8,
   characterised in that the distance (b) of the axial bearings (12) from the underside (13) is less than 3 cm.
10. Component according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterised in that the distance (a) of the axial/thrust bearings (11) from the underside (13) is less than 3 cm.
11. Component according to any of claims 8 to 10,
    characterised in that the distance (b) of the axial bearings (12) from the underside (13) is 80% to 120% of the distance (a) of the axial/thrust bearings (11) from the underside (13).
12. Component according to any of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that the regions of the axial/thrust bearings (11) and of the axial bearings (12) which project beyond the long sides (9, 10) of the insulating body (5) are at least partially formed in a radius (r, s, x) about axes (23, 31, 37) extending in the vertical direction (8).

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