EP2080845B1 - Prefabricated wood element - Google Patents

Abstract

The solid wood ceiling elements has an integrated sound insulation. The element has a multi-arranged side by side building wood fibre panels and solid wood construction. The layers are screwed together. The layers are staggered and with screws having different sizes.

Description

The invention relates to a prefabricated building element for buildings, with a variety of edgewise arranged side by side, interconnected solid wood beams. The prefabricated wooden building element can be used as a ceiling element or as a wall element in the construction of buildings.

CH 687398 A5 discloses a wood prefabricated element according to the preamble of claim 1.

Wooden ceilings are made of wood, if they are not poured from concrete or. Incorporated as concrete craft, as a wooden beam ceiling or Brettstapel- or Brettschichtdecke. In the case of board stacked or glued laminated timber boards, individual boards are needled, stapled or glued together. The width and height of the boards are determined by the length of the boards and the load capacity of the ceiling. The above ceilings are composed of industrially prefabricated ceiling elements, the thickness of the boards varies depending on the manufacturer.

Although such ceilings are simple and inexpensive to manufacture and install, but have a poor sound insulation. The lack of sound insulation, in particular with regard to the norm impact noise level, has long been a serious obstacle to the increased use in multi-storey buildings To achieve the standard impact sound level elaborate insulation measures are necessary, which cause additional costs.

The invention has for its object to provide a wood prefabricated element with high sound insulation, which can be used for a building ceiling without additional impact sound insulation.

This object is achieved by a wood prefabricated element with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are set out in the dependent claims.

According to claim 1 Holzfaserdämmplatten are arranged in the wood prefabricated element according to the invention between the solid wood beams. Under wood fiber insulation boards are understood in this context and Holzfaserdämmmatten. The wood prefabricated element is made of wood with high load-bearing capacity and sound insulation, while avoiding foreign materials. It is characterized by the positional arrangement of solid beams made of solid construction timber and / or dried timber and pressure-resistant sound-absorbing wood fiber insulation panels alternately, wherein the layers are connected to each other by suitable measures that meet the static requirements. To increase the load capacity and to establish a secure static connection between the structural timber and the insulating board, the mechanical connection is carried out according to static calculations.

The prefabricated wooden building element has a typical length of 1 to 18 m and is preferably 2 to 13 m long. Its thickness is between 80 and 300 mm, preferably 10 to 240 mm. The mechanical connection of the solid wood beams and the Holzfaserdämmplatten is carried out according to claim 1 on suitable rod-shaped screws, which are approved by the building authorities and which permanently withstand the occurring shear, tensile and compressive forces and can reliably transfer them.

It is known that solid wood allows a strong sound coupling and its internal damping is very low, the mass of the solid wood makes only a small contribution to the sound attenuation. Due to the complex structure of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention made of solid wood beams and wood fiber boards, the transmission of the introduced sound energy is disturbed, which leads to a reduced sound propagation in the building.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the sound insulation, especially for impact and airborne sound, and the sound level of noise from the premises of the building is greatly reduced. This can be achieved with low Holzfertigbauelementdicke. Likewise, the vibration behavior of the wood prefabricated element is significantly improved by the layer structure with the pressure-resistant insulating material. Due to the insulation layers, the dead load of the wood prefabricated element decreases with increasing sound insulation. Furthermore, the load distribution is optimized, which is particularly advantageous when the wood prefabricated element is used as a ceiling element. In addition, the swelling and shrinkage behavior of the wood prefabricated element is largely compensated by the wood fiber insulation panels.

In order to minimize the sound transmission and sound coupling are in one embodiment of the invention, the wood fiber insulation panels at least on a flat side of the ceiling element on the solid wood beams before. This is particularly advantageous if the wood prefabricated element is installed as a ceiling and have the supernatants of the wood fiber insulation board facing upwards and form a support for a wooden floor. A further reduction of the still possible airborne sound transmission from the wooden floor to the solid wood beam can be achieved if the spaces between the supernatants are filled with a bed of insulating material. The gaps can also be used as an installation channel for electrical cables or for pipelines.

In a variant of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention, the solid wood beams protrude at least on a flat side over the wood fiber insulating panels. This is particularly useful when using the wood prefabricated element as a wall element. The depressions formed between the projections of the solid wood beams on the one hand reduce the heat transfer and the sound transmission to the Holzfaserdämmplatten and on the other hand can also be used to cover the laying of cables, pipes or the like. When using such a wood prefabricated element as a ceiling element, the upwardly facing flat side is ideally flat, while the flat side with the above solid wood beams usually facing down, so that the ceiling panel can be attached waiving a slatted frame directly to the solid wood beams.

It goes without saying that the height of the solid wood beams and the wood fiber insulation panels is different from the use of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention as a ceiling element with at least one flat flat side of the wood prefabricated element. The invention also includes embodiments in which the Holzfaserdämmplatten protrude on both flat sides of the wood prefabricated element on the solid wood beams or in which the solid wood beams on both flat sides of the wood prefabricated element project beyond the wood fiber insulation panels.

In a specific embodiment, some of the solid wood beams of the wood prefabricated element are arranged offset from each other perpendicular to the longitudinal extent. The above solid wood beams projecting solid wood beams can be when using the wood prefabricated element for a ceiling, for example for Supports of partitions can be used, so that a direct load transfer takes place in the bearing solid wood beams. In addition, the raised solid wood beams form wide channels between them, which serve as ventilation ducts for such a ceiling or can be filled with concrete. The above solid wood beams form a support for a screed or wooden floorboards with additional footfall sound insulation.

The solid beams are connected to each other by a number of steel screws running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams. The screws also penetrate the wood fiber insulation boards and keep them stable between the solid wood beams, with the solid wood beams pressing the wood fiber insulation boards. The screws have a typical diameter of 6 to 18 mm, preferably 6.5 to 14 mm and a screw length of 120 to 1500 mm, preferably 160 to 420 mm. The screws used are characterized by the fact that they produce a statically calculated connection between the solid wood beams made of structural wood and the Hofzfaserdämmplatte. Suitable screws with approval are, for example, the 2-9.1-665 Heco Topix CC. Instead of these screws equivalent other screws can be used.

Preferably, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the solid wood beams crosswise screwed together in at least one row, wherein at least one of the intersecting screws in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams is inclined Thus, the screwing of the solid wood beams is not perpendicular, but obliquely to the wood fiber direction, the In The longitudinal direction of the solid wood beams runs The inclination of the screws is between 30 and 70 °, preferably 45 °. Prerequisite for the fulfillment of the static requirements of the prefabricated timber element is the large displacement module of the helical screw connection of the full-thread screws. The sliding stiffness of the diagonal screw connection is several times greater than in a screw connection at right angles to the wood fiber direction. Depending on the loads, the stiffness can be due to the lateral spacing of adjacent pairs of screws and controlled by the screw diameter and the screw length.

Advantageously, in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the solid wood beams are partially screwed together in sections in at least one row, wherein the screws arranged in parallel are each inclined in sections in the opposite direction of the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams. This is useful, in particular with low loads on the wood prefabricated element. In this case, the screws preferably extend into the two sections or halves of the solid wood beams, which are defined by the middle of the solid wood beams, in each case parallel to one another with opposite inclination, the screw tips of the respective nearest end faces of the wood prefabricated element preferably being further than the screw heads. In the sections, the screw connections are mirror-inverted. This type of sectioned inclined Parallelverschraubung with sections in oppositely inclined screws absorbs the thrust and pressure forces occurring in a similar manner as a cross-gland over the length of the solid wood beams. Both in the continuous cross-threaded as well as in the sectional screw connection, the degree of inclination of the screws vary over the length of the solid wood beams.

In one embodiment of the invention, the screws are arranged in spaced apart rows. At least one of the rows ideally contains intersecting pairs of screws, in which preferably both screws are inclined in the longitudinal direction of the solid wood beams. However, the direction of inclination of the two screws is different. Appropriately, it also appears to provide two rows with such opposing oppositely directed screw pairs with distance from each other. Alternatively, at least one of the rows ideally includes sections of screws arranged in parallel with each other, which have in the sections an equal inclination in the longitudinal direction of the solid wood beams, wherein the screws from section to section have an opposite inclinations to each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a row is arranged parallel to the row with the inclined arranged screws with mutually parallel screws, which extend preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams. It is particularly effective to arrange the row with the parallel extending screws between two rows of intersecting screw pairs and / or sections of oppositely inclined screws.

Preferably, the inclined extending screws of the wood prefabricated element are arranged according to a latticework. The screws of the latticework may have the same or a different distance from each other. In this case, depending on the distance, the length and the degree of inclination of the screws and depending on the width of the solid wood beams and the thickness of Holzfaserdämmplatten vortellhafterweise more than two adjacent screws more or less. Such a screw connection combines the solid wood beams against tensile, compressive and shear forces extremely stable.

Advantageously, the screws enforce several solid wood beams and the interposed Holzfaserdämmplatten, the screws may have different lengths. An ideal embodiment is considered, in which the screws pass through at least three solid wood beams and two wood fiber insulating panels.

This allows a simple production of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention. For this purpose, first a package, for example, made of three solid wood beams and two arranged between them wood fiber boards, the solid wood beams and the wood fiber insulation panels are then bolted together as described above. With the cross screw connection with the optional parallel screw connection, the screws extend between the two outer solid wood beams of the package. Subsequently, each one Holzfaserdämmplatte with subsequent solid wood panel or a package of two solid wood beams and two Holzfaserdämmplatten applied to the bolted package and screwed with screws of the same length and arrangement with the package. The screws also penetrate again three solid wood beams and the intervening Holzfaserdämmplatten.

If necessary, several of the wood prefabricated elements according to the invention can be arranged side by side to increase a wall or ceiling surface and be connected to one another longitudinally during the installation of the prefabricated wooden building elements. The connection can be made by cross-bolting the butting solid wood beams along their longitudinal edge. Instead of Kreuzverschraubung can also be provided with one or more mutually associated grooves and springs a tongue and groove connection to connect the wood prefabricated elements form-fitting with each other. In this case, the springs may be formed loosely or molded on the butting solid wood beams. It is also possible to perform the abutting longitudinal sides of the solid wood beams with mirror-image arranged overlapping steps and to connect the steps by means of parallel screwing together.

Figur 1

ein Holzfertigbauelement mit Massivholzbalken und Holzfaser- dämmplatten gleicher Höhe; Dieses Holzfertigbauelement ist kein Teil der Erfindung.

Figur 2

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Holzfertigbauelements mit Massivholzbalken und Holzfaser- dämmplatten unterschiedlicher Höhe bei dem die Holzfaser- dämmplatten einseitig über die Massivholzbalken vorstehen;

Figur 3

ein zweites Ausführungsbeisplel des erfindungsgemäßen Holz- fertigbauelements mit Massivholzbalken und Holzfaser- dämmplatten unterschiedlicher Höhe, bei dem die Massiv- holzbalken einseitig über die Holzfaserdämmplatten vorste- hen;

Figur 4

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Holzfertigbauelements, bei dem einzelne Massivholzbalken gegenüber den anderen Masslvholzbalken versetzt angeordnet sind;

Figur 5

das Holzfertigbauelement aus Figur 1 in Draufsicht (Figur 5a) und in Seitenansicht (Figur 5b); und

Figur 6

verschiedene Verbindungsmöglichkeiten (Figur 6a-6d) zum Verbinden der stoßenden Längsseiten benachbarter Holzfertigbauelemente gemäß Figur 1.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the claims and the accompanying drawings. The individual features of the invention can be implemented on their own or in several different embodiments of the invention. The drawing shows embodiments in which the wood prefabricated element according to the invention is arranged horizontally as a ceiling element. In a schematic representation:

FIG. 1

a prefabricated timber element with solid wood beams and wood fiber insulation panels of the same height; This wood prefabricated element is not part of the invention.

FIG. 2

a first embodiment of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention with solid wood beams and wood fiber insulation panels of different heights in which the wood fiber insulation panels protrude on one side over the solid wood beams;

FIG. 3

a second Ausführungsbeisplel of the wood finished construction element according to the invention with solid wood beams and wood fiber insulation panels of different heights, in which the solid wood beams on one side over the wood fiber insulation boards protrude;

FIG. 4

a third embodiment of the wood prefabricated element according to the invention, in which individual solid wood beams are arranged offset from the other Masslvholzbalken;

FIG. 5

the wood prefabricated element FIG. 1 in plan view ( FIG. 5a ) and in side view ( FIG. 5b ); and

FIG. 6

different connection options ( Figure 6a-6d ) for connecting the abutting longitudinal sides of adjacent prefabricated wooden building elements according to FIG. 1 ,

The wood prefabricated element according to the invention is designed to be load-bearing for use as a ceiling element or wall element for a building. The figures of the drawings show the finished wood component in a horizontal position, as it is arranged as a ceiling element.

FIG. 1 shows a wood prefabricated element 1, with a number of solid wood beams 2, between each of which a wood fiber insulation board 3 is arranged. This wood prefabricated element is not part of the invention. The solid wood beams 2 and the wood fiber boards 3 are connected to each other by means of a number transverse to the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams 3 screws 4. The solid wood beams 2 and the wood fiber insulation panels 3 have a uniform length, an identical height, but different widths or thicknesses an identical height, but different widths or strengths and are arranged to each other so that a flat top flat side 5 results as a bottom side for a space above it and a flat lower flat side 6 as a ceiling side for a space below. The illustrated ratio of the width of the solid wood beams 2 and the thickness of the Holzfaserdämmplatten 3 is exemplary and can be set arbitrarily.

The in the Figures 2 . 3 illustrated embodiments of the wood prefabricated element 1 according to the invention differ from the wood prefabricated element in the FIG. 1 in that the heights of the solid wood cots 2 and the wood fiber insulation plates 3 are different. In the in the FIG. 2 illustrated wood prefabricated element 1, the wood fiber insulation panels 3 are higher than the solid wood beams 2 formed and arranged to each other, that also results in a flat ceiling side 6. Due to the different height, the wood fiber insulation panels 3 are on the bottom side 5 on the solid wood beams 2 before. The supernatants 7 of the wood fiber insulation panels 3 serve as a support for a bottom plate, not shown in the drawing, screed or planks. The laterally limited by the supernatants 7 spaces 8 can be used as Installadonskanäle or filled with loose insulation.

That in the FIG. 3 shown second Ausführungsbeisplel differs from the first embodiment FIG. 2 in that the wood fiber insulation panels 3 are formed lower than the solid wood beams 2. The solid wood beams 2 and the wood fiber insulation panels 3 together form a flat upper flat side 5 as a bottom side for the cover element. Thus, the solid wood beams 2 protrude beyond the wood fiber insulation panels 3 on the opposite side of the Oeckenseite 6. At the projections 9 of the Massilvholzbalken 2 can be fixed directly in the drawing, not shown ceiling panel. In addition, arise between the projections 9 channels 10, which can be used for laying cables or pipes.

That in the FIG. 4 illustrated third embodiment of the wood prefabricated element 1 according to the invention substantially corresponds to that in the FIG. 1 pictured Wood finished component. However, some, by several solid wood beams 2 and wood fiber insulation panels 3 separate solid wood beams 2 'relative to the other solid wood beams 2 and the wood fiber insulation panels 3 are arranged offset upwards. The channels 10 'between the projections 9' of the solid wood beams 2 'form space for ventilation ducts of the ceiling element, as soon as a continuous floor is placed on the projections 9'. On the solid wood beams 2 'not shown in the drawing partitions can be placed.

In the FIGS. 5a and 5b the glands of the four previously described wood prefabricated elements 1 are shown. FIG. 5a shows a plan view of the flat side 5, 6 of the wood prefabricated element 1, the FIG. 5b a side view of an end face 11 of the wood prefabricated element 1. As in the FIG. 5b 1, the screws 4 are arranged in three superimposed rows 12, 12 ', 12 "The screws 4 pass through a plurality of solid wood beams 2 and the interposed wood fiber insulation panels 3. The wood prefabricated elements 1 are in the upper row 12 and in the lower Row 12 "of the screws 4 screwed in parallel and in the middle row 12 'of the screws 4 in parallel. By "crosswise" is meant that the screws 4 in the rows 12 and 12 "in the illustration according to FIG. 5a cross more or less. FIG. 5a is a more borderline representation, as a crossing occurs only in the area of the screw tips. In principle, however, cross-over will be stronger, ie in the FIG. 5a In this presentation, there would be more an "X" than a "V" as shown here. As screws 4 self-tapping full threaded wood screws made of steel with different thread pitches are used.

The FIGS. 6a to 6d show various ways to connect to the longitudinal sides 13 adjacent wooden prefabricated elements 1 along the longitudinal sides 13 together. The connection of the wood prefabricated elements 1 is carried out depending on the design of each edge colliding solid wood beams. 2 FIG. 6a shows a cross fitting with screws 4 ', wherein the edge solid wood beams 2 corresponding to the internal solid wood beams 2 are executed. FIG. 6b shows wood prefabricated elements 1 with edge solid wood beams 2, which are provided with complementary trained cross-step 14, the steps 14 by means of parallel screw with screws 4 'which are perpendicular to the surface 5 of the timber construction element 1, connected to each other. The parallel and the Kreuzverschraubung takes place in each case along the edges 15 of the wood prefabricated elements. 1

The FIGS. 6c, d show tongue and groove joints of the wood prefabricated elements 1, so that a screw is not mandatory. In this tongue and groove joint 13 grooves 16 and springs 17 are respectively provided along the longitudinal sides, which engage in one another after the preparation of the wood prefabricated elements 1. When in the FIG. 6c Pictured possibility a loose spring 17 is used, accordingly grooves 16 are provided on the abutting solid wood beams 2. When in the FIG. 6d illustrated variant, the spring 17 is integrally formed on a solid wood beam 2.

In certain applications, wood fiber insulation panels 3 can be inserted only after several solid wood beams 2. It is also possible that at low loadings the screws 4 are not arranged crosswise but only obliquely inclined to the longitudinal extent of the solid wood beams 2. The screws 4 are inclined from the middle of the solid wood beams 2 each of the end faces 11 away and extend in the two halves of the solid wood beams 2 each parallel to each other. This type of sectionally inclined parallel screw connection absorbs the pushing and pushing forces acting in these areas in a manner that is as good as a cross-threading over the length of the solid wood beams 2.

Claims (9)

1. A prefabricated wood element (1) for buildings, comprising a plurality of elongated solid wood beams (2) which are arranged so as to lie edgeways, next to each other and parallel to one another and which are connected to each other by means of screws extending into said solid wood beam (2) transversely to a longitudinal direction of said solid wood beams (2), characterized in that elongated wood fibre insulation boards (3) which are oriented in the same way as said solid wood beams (2, 2') are arranged between said solid wood beams (2, 2') and their large faces are in contact with large faces of said solid wood beams (2, 2'), wherein said solid wood beams (2, 2') and said wood fibre insulation boards (3) are connected to each other by means of a number of screws (4) extending transversely to the longitudinal dimension of said solid wood beams (2, 2') and said wood fibre insulation boards (3) in such a manner that each of said screws (4) passes through several solid wood beams (2, 2') and the wood fibre insulation board (3) sandwiched between them in each case, and
   said wood fibre insulation boards (3) project beyond said solid wood beams (2, 2') at least on one large face (5, 6) of said prefabricated wood element (1), or
   said solid wood beams (2, 2') project beyond said wood fibre insulation boards (3) at least on one large face (5, 6) of said prefabricated wood element (1), or
   some of the solid wood beams (2, 2') of said prefabricated wood element (1) are arranged so as to be offset to each other at right angles to the longitudinal dimension, so that they project beyond the wood fibre insulation boards (3) and the other solid wood beams (2, 2').
2. A prefabricated wood element according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid wood beams (2, 2') are cross-screwed to each other in at least one row (12, 12', 12"), wherein at least one of the intersecting screws (4) is inclined in the direction of the longitudinal dimension of said solid wood beams (2, 2') in each case.
3. A prefabricated wood element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in sections the solid wood beams (2, 2') are screwed to each other by parallel screws in at least one row (12, 12', 12"), wherein the screws (4) which are arranged parallel in said sections are inclined in the direction opposite to the longitudinal dimension of said solid wood beams (2, 2') in said sections in each case.
4. A prefabricated wood element according to claim 1, characterized in that the screws are arranged in rows which are spaced apart from each other.
5. A prefabricated wood element according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a row (12') with screws (4) extending parallel to each other and which preferably extend at right angles to the longitudinal dimension of the solid wood beams is arranged parallel to the row (12, 12") with the screws (4) which are arranged so as to be inclined.
6. A prefabricated wood element according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the screws (4) are arranged in accordance with a grid.
7. A prefabricated wood element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw (4) is a fully threaded wood screw made of steel and preferably comprises different thread pitches.
8. A prefabricated wood element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screws (4) have different lengths.
9. A prefabricated wood element according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the screws (4) passes through three solid wood beams (2, 2') and two wood fibre insulation boards (3) sandwiched between them.

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