EP3383557A1 - Device for detecting non-compliant objects - Google Patents

Device for detecting non-compliant objects

Info

Publication number
EP3383557A1
EP3383557A1 EP16819138.5A EP16819138A EP3383557A1 EP 3383557 A1 EP3383557 A1 EP 3383557A1 EP 16819138 A EP16819138 A EP 16819138A EP 3383557 A1 EP3383557 A1 EP 3383557A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
plate
tabs
tongue
tongues
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16819138.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3383557B1 (en
Inventor
Roland Pelisson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terradona
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Terradona
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terradona, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA filed Critical Terradona
Priority to PL16819138T priority Critical patent/PL3383557T3/en
Publication of EP3383557A1 publication Critical patent/EP3383557A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3383557B1 publication Critical patent/EP3383557B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a device for detecting non-compliant objects, in particular non-compliant waste for selective sorting containers.
  • Some sorting containers are intended to receive waste such as newspapers, magazines or magazines. This waste is usually called JRM waste.
  • JRM waste container It would be desirable to be able to equip a JRM waste container with a device adapted to detect that the waste introduced into the container is indeed JRM waste, in particular to determine whether waste other than JRM waste is introduced into the container or to count the volume of JRM waste introduced.
  • the detection device may comprise a punch used to mark the waste introduced into the container so as to determine the hardness of the waste, too hard waste generally does not correspond to JRM waste.
  • the detection device can be adapted to recognize printed characters present on JRM waste.
  • the detection device may comprise ultraviolet illumination, most JRM waste having a signature recognizable under this type of illumination.
  • a disadvantage of the detection devices described above is that they can be complex to implement. In addition, they do not allow the detection of an object that is not a JRM waste and is hidden between two sheets of newspapers. In addition, it is desirable that the power consumption of the detection device is as low as possible so as to provide a long-term power supply of the detection device by means of electric accumulators.
  • An object of an embodiment is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the detection devices described above.
  • Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device makes it possible to detect that the waste introduced is not JRM waste.
  • Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device has a reduced consumption.
  • Another object of an embodiment is that the maintenance of the detection device is simple.
  • Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device makes it possible to determine the volume of waste introduced into the container.
  • an embodiment provides a device for detecting a non-conforming object comprising a tray, having a recessed portion viewed from above, on which the object is intended to move and individually reclining tabs intended to be lifted by said object, at least one of the tongues being folded against the recessed portion in the absence of said object, and a detection circuit adapted to determine if the lifting amplitudes of the tongues exceed a threshold.
  • the plate comprises a first flat portion and a second portion comprising two parallel strips between which the hollow portion extends, the first flat portion being upstream of the second portion in the direction of movement of the object.
  • the first portion and the parallel strips are inclined relative to a horizontal plane of more than 10 °.
  • the device further comprises a tilt flap intended to be lifted by said object and folded against the first portion in the absence of said object, the detection circuit being adapted to determine the amplitude of the lifting of the shutter.
  • the device comprises sensors adapted to detect whether the tabs are coplanar.
  • the device further comprises, for at least one of the tongues, a sensor adapted to detect the presence of the object between the tongue and the plate.
  • the senor comprises a wheel mounted free to rotate on the corresponding tongue and being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
  • the device further comprises, for each tongue among at least two tabs, a sensor adapted to detect the presence of the object between the tongue and the plate.
  • the device further comprises a roller upstream of the plate in the direction of movement of the object, said roller being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
  • One embodiment also provides a container, particularly for newspapers, magazines and magazines, comprising a detection device as defined above.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view, partial and schematic, of an embodiment of a waste container
  • Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a partial sectional view and a perspective view, partial and schematic, of an embodiment of a waste detection device
  • Figures 4 to 6 are front views, partial and schematic, of the detection device shown in Figures 2 and 3 when introducing waste of three different types.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a JRM waste container.
  • the container 5 comprises a device 10 for detecting waste introduced into the container 5 through an opening 12.
  • the opening 12 has a rectangular shape. The dimensions of the opening are adapted to the introduction of a determined quantity of waste through the opening 12, for example a pile of waste JRM having a maximum thickness of 10 cm and a maximum width of 30 cm.
  • the detection device determines whether the detection device is triggered. According to one embodiment, the detection device is triggered.
  • the detection device 10 is integrated in the container 5.
  • the detection device 10 is an apparatus that can be mounted on a container 5 already installed.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the detection device 10.
  • the majority of the mechanical parts of the detection device 10 may be symmetrical with respect to a substantially vertical plane.
  • a flange 14 for example substantially vertical, through which the opening 12.
  • the flange 14 may be integrated in the container 5 or may correspond to a separate part attached to the container 5 already installed.
  • the opening 12 comprises a lower edge 16 and an upper edge 18, for example substantially horizontal.
  • the detection device 10 comprises a plate 20, for example a plastic material or Teflon, disposed inside the container 5.
  • the plate 20 comprises an edge 22 which is adjacent to the lower edge 16 of the opening 12.
  • plate 20 comprises a first portion 24, substantially flat and inclined with respect to a horizontal plane of a tilt angle a, and a second portion 26 comprising two substantially flat parallel strips 28 extending the first portion 24 and separated by a portion recess 30 oriented downwards, that is to say a concave portion in plan view.
  • the concave portion 30 is, for example, a cylindrical sector of axis parallel to the lateral edges of the strips 28.
  • the angle tilt angle a of the first portion 24 and strips 28 with respect to a horizontal plane is greater than 10 °, preferably between 32 ° and 36 °.
  • the spacing between the parallel strips 28 is between 15 cm and 18 cm.
  • the maximum depth of the concave portion 30, measured relative to the plane containing the flat portion 24 of the plate 20 is between 5 cm and 8 cm.
  • the detection device 10 comprises a row of tongues 32g, 32j, 32c freely rotatably mounted about an axis Dl, for example substantially horizontal and parallel to the edges 16, 18 of the opening 12.
  • the detection device 10 comprises at least three tongues, preferably at least five 32g tongues 32j, 32c arranged one beside the other above the plate 20 and being divided into two outer languor 32g which are the tabs located further outside the row of tabs, a central tongue 32c which is the most central tongue of the row of tongues and two intermediate tongues 32 j , arranged on either side of the central tongue 32c, each tongue intermediate 32 j being disposed between the central tongue 32c and one of the outer tongues 32g.
  • the width of each tongue 32g measured along the axis D1 is between 6 cm and 7 cm. According to one embodiment, the width of each tongue 32 j , 32c, measured along the axis Dl, is between 5 cm and 6 cm. The total width of the tongues 32j and 32c measured along the axis Dl is preferably slightly smaller than the distance between the parallel strips 28, so that these tongues 32j and 32c are all located in line from zone 30.
  • each tab 32g, 32j, 32c may comprise a substantially flat strip 34 extending from the side opposite the axis Dl by a rim 36 inclined with respect to the corresponding strip 34.
  • each tab 32g, 32j, 32c is made of a rigid material, for example a plastic material.
  • the length of each tab 32g, 32, 32c is such that, in the absence of waste, the tongue is held by its own weight against the plate 20.
  • the length of the tabs 32g, 32j, 32c is between 20 cm and 22 cm.
  • the outer tongues 32g may be arranged so that, in the absence of waste, they abut against the parallel strips 28 of the plate 20.
  • the central tongue 32c is arranged so as to be absence of waste, in abutment against the concave portion 30 of the plate 20, preferably at the concave portion 30 equidistant from the sidebands 28.
  • each intermediate tongue 32g is arranged so as to be absence of waste, into abutment against the concave portion 30 of the plate 20 closest to one of the side strips 28.
  • tongues 32g, 32j, and 32c are not coplanar, the central tongue 32c being less inclined relative to a vertical plane than the intermediate tongues 32 j and the intermediate tongues 32 j being less inclined with respect to a vertical plane than the tabs ex dull 32g.
  • the detection device 10 may comprise, for each tongue 32g, 32, 32c, an elastic return means 38 shown schematically in FIG. 3, for example a torsion spring, which tends to bring the tongue against the plate 20.
  • an elastic return means 38 shown schematically in FIG. 3, for example a torsion spring, which tends to bring the tongue against the plate 20.
  • L The intensity of the return force provided by the elastic return means 38 may increase when the spacing between the tongue and the plate 20 increases.
  • intermediate j tongues 32 may further comprise a lateral finger, not shown, limiting the angular movement of the central tongue 32c.
  • the detection device 10 comprises sensors connected to a processing module 40, represented only schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the processing module 40 may comprise a processor, for example a microprocessor or a microcontroller, adapted to executing instructions. a computer program stored in a memory.
  • the detection device 10 comprises first sensors 42 providing signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module 40 is adapted to detect if the inclinations of 32g tongues 32j, 32c around the axis D1 with respect to a reference plane are substantially identical.
  • each sensor 42 comprises a magnet provided on a tab and a reed switch provided on an adjacent tab, the switch being kept closed by the magnet when the magnet is near the switch, that is, when the adjoining tabs are substantially coplanar.
  • two sensors 42 are provided for determining whether each intermediate tongue 32 j is coplanar with the central tongue 32c.
  • the detection device 10 further comprises sensors 44 supplying signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module
  • each sensor 44 comprises a wheel, visible only in FIG. 3, mounted free to rotate relative to the tongue intermediate 32 j and that is arranged relative to the intermediate tongue 32 j so that each wheel 44 is rotated during the passage of an object between the plate 20 and the intermediate tongue 32 j .
  • the rotation of the wheel can be detected by the processing module 40.
  • the sensors 44 can be located on the External tongues 32g and / or the central tongue 32c in addition to or instead of the sensors 44 located on the intermediate tabs 32 j.
  • the detection device 10 comprises, in place of the sensors 42 and 44 described above, sensors, for example inclinometers, adapted to supply the processing module 40 with signals representative of the inclination of each 32g tongue, 32j, 32c with respect to a reference plane.
  • the detection device 10 may further comprise a roller 46 mounted to rotate freely about a horizontal axis D2, preferably substantially parallel to the axis D1, disposed between the edge 22 of the plate 20 and the opening 12.
  • a sensor, not shown, connected to the processing module 40 may be adapted to detect the rotation of the roller 46.
  • the detection device 10 comprises a flap 48 mounted free to rotate about an axis D3, preferably substantially parallel to the axis D1, for example horizontal.
  • the length of the flap 48 is such that, in the absence of waste introduced into the opening 12, the flap 48 substantially closes the opening 12.
  • the detection device 10 may further comprise a resilient return means not shown , for example a torsion spring, which tends to fold the flap 48 against the opening 12.
  • the intensity of the return force provided by the elastic means may increase when the distance between the flap 48 and the lower edge 16 of the opening 12 increases.
  • the detection device 10 comprises a sensor, not shown, providing signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module 40 is adapted to determine the angle of inclination of the flap 48 with respect to a reference plane, for example a vertical plane.
  • the operation of the detection device 10 is as follows: a user introduces waste 50, represented only schematically in FIG. 2, in the container 5 by passing them through the opening 12.
  • the shape of the opening 12 tends to impose the direction of introduction of the waste 50 into the container 5.
  • the waste 50 may cause the roll 46 to rotate, which facilitates the introduction of the waste 50 into the container 5.
  • the inclination of the first portion 24 of the plate 20 further facilitates the sliding of the waste 50 on the plate 20 towards the inside of the container 5 under their own weight despite the support flap 48 and tabs 32 creating additional friction.
  • Waste 50 may be a single sheet of paper or a stack of paper, newspapers or magazines several inches thick.
  • the waste 50 reach the second portion 26 of plate 20, they deform more or less in one action of their own weight and under the action of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c to match the shape of the concave portion 30 ( and do not slip between them) and finally fall into the container 5.
  • the waste 50 generally do not completely conform to the shape of the concave portion 30 so that the contact area between the waste 50 and the tray 20 can be reduced. This advantageously makes it possible to reduce the friction between the waste 50 and the plate 20 and to reduce the risk of fouling of the plate 20 by the waste 50.
  • the pressure of the tongues on the waste 50 facilitates the deformation thereof when they move on the concave portion 30 of the plate 20.
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 show views of the detection device 10 according to the direction of introduction of waste when introducing waste of different types.
  • JRM waste is relatively flexible and tend to deform to follow, more or less, the shape of the support on which they rest while most other waste does not have such a property. Therefore, if it is detected that the waste more or less conforms to a concave shape, which is a relatively unusual shape for a rigid element, it means that it is probably JRM waste.
  • JRM waste 50 is introduced into the container 5.
  • the dimensions of the concave portion 30 of the plate 20 are chosen so as to cause a deformation of the waste 50 when they slide on the plate 20.
  • the passage of the waste 50 causes a slight uplift of the tabs 32g, 32 and 32c.
  • the sensors 42 are adapted to detect the coplanarity of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, the rising of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c is not sufficient to be detected by the sensors 42.
  • a rigid element 52 (plane or convex) is introduced into the container.
  • This rigid element 52 may be alone or wedged between two flexible JRMs.
  • the element 52 slides on the plate 20. More specifically, the element 52 slides on the strips 28 and overhangs the concave portion 30.
  • the passage of the rigid element 52 causes a large lifting of at least tongues 32 j and 32 c, which leads to their coplanarity due to the parts 39 limiting their lifts relative to each other in the convex direction. This is detected by the sensors
  • the processing module can switch between a standby state and a normal operating state. In the standby state, certain functions performed by the processing module 40 may be deactivated to reduce power consumption. According to one embodiment, the transition between the standby state and the normal operating state is obtained when the roll 46 is rotated. According to another embodiment, the transition between the standby state and the normal operating state can also be obtained upon detection of lifting one of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c.
  • the passage of the JRM 50 waste causes the wheels 44 to rotate. It is then possible to measure the length of the JRM 50 waste.
  • the detection device 10 further comprises a sensor adapted to measure the inclination of the inlet flap 48, the determination of the inclination angle of the flap 48 to measure the thickness of the waste JRM 50. An estimate of the volume of the waste JRM 50 can be thus determined by the processing module 40.
  • the operating principle of the detection device 10 is based on the fact that there are few rigid objects having the dimensions of a stack of newspapers, magazines and magazines and which have a concave shape. This is however the case of some roof tiles. It may be desirable to determine if such a rigid object is introduced into the container 5.
  • the detection device 10 further comprises a sensor adapted to measure the inclination of the entry flap 48, the determination of the angle of inclination of this flap 48 makes it possible to determine the thickness of the rigid object of concave shape which, when it raises the inlet flap 48, moves on the flat portion 24 of the plate 20.
  • the processing module 40 can determine that the object introduced into the container 5 is a rigid object of concave shape when drives both a significant inclination of the inlet valve 48 and a smaller inclination, possibly undetected, the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c.
  • a rigid element 54 of small lateral dimensions is introduced into the container 5.
  • the waste 54 can not cause a sufficient lifting of the tongues 32j and 32c which is detected by the sensors 42.
  • the sensors 44 comprise wheels, only one of the two wheels is rotated by the passage of the waste 54, which allows the processing module 40 to determine that the waste 54 is not a waste JRM.
  • the processing module 40 may determine that waste is a waste JRM 50 when the inclination of each tab 32g, 32j and 32c varies during passage of the waste, but remains below a threshold.
  • the processing module 40 may determine that a waste is waste 52 such as shown in Figure 5 when the inclination of each tab 32g, 32j and 32c vary during the passage of waste material above a threshold.
  • the processing module 40 can determine that a waste is a waste 52 as shown in FIG. 6 when the inclination of only some of the tongues 32g, 32 or 32c varies.
  • the detection device 10 may, in addition, be adapted to determine the filling rate of the container 5.
  • the detection device 10 may further comprise an ultrasonic sensor, connected to the processing module 40, adapted to provide a signal representative of the distance between the sensor and the waste located at the top of the pile of waste packed in the container 5.
  • the processing module 40 can determine the filling rate of the container 5 from the signal provided by the ultrasonic sensor.
  • the processing module 40 may, in addition, by means of this sensor, determine whether an attempt is made to fraud by reassembly of a waste already present in the container 5.
  • the processing module 40 can store in a memory data representative of the time of detection of the waste and the type of waste not JRM detected, for example if it is a rigid object of large dimensions or a rigid object of small dimensions.
  • data representative of the volume of waste JRM introduced into the container 5 and / or the filling rate of the container 5 may, in addition, be stored in memory by the processing module 40.
  • the processing module 40 may comprise means for remote data exchange, for example using radio waves, and in particular implementing a data exchange protocol of the Bluetooth or Wi-Fi type. An operator can then recover the data. data stored by the processing module 40 by means of a reading device, for example a mobile phone.
  • the detection device 10 includes an inlet valve 48 and tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, the input component 48 can not be present.

Landscapes

  • Controlling Sheets Or Webs (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (10) for detecting a non-compliant object, comprising a plate (20), having a portion (30) that is recessed when viewed from above, on which plate the object is intended to move, and individually-inclinable tabs (32E, 32I, 32C) intended to be raised by the said object, at least one of the tabs being folded back against the recessed portion in the absence of the said object, and a detection circuit suited to determining whether the amplitudes by which the tabs are raised exceed a threshold value.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE DETECTION D'OBJETS NON CONFORMES  DEVICE FOR DETECTING NON-CONFORMING OBJECTS
La présente demande de brevet revendique la priorité de la demande de brevet français FR15/61659 qui sera considérée comme faisant partie intégrante de la présente description. The present patent application claims the priority of the French patent application FR15 / 61659 which will be considered as an integral part of the present description.
Domaine Field
La présente demande concerne un dispositif de détection d'objets non conformes, notamment de déchets non conformes pour containers de tri sélectif.  The present application relates to a device for detecting non-compliant objects, in particular non-compliant waste for selective sorting containers.
Exposé de 1 ' art antérieur Presentation of the prior art
Certains containers de tri sélectif sont destinés à recevoir des déchets tels que des journaux, des revues ou des magazines. Ces déchets sont généralement appelés déchets JRM.  Some sorting containers are intended to receive waste such as newspapers, magazines or magazines. This waste is usually called JRM waste.
Il serait souhaitable de pouvoir équiper un container de déchets JRM d'un dispositif adapté à détecter que les déchets introduits dans le container sont bien des déchets JRM, notamment pour déterminer si des déchets autres que des déchets JRM sont introduits dans le container ou pour compter le volume de déchets JRM introduits.  It would be desirable to be able to equip a JRM waste container with a device adapted to detect that the waste introduced into the container is indeed JRM waste, in particular to determine whether waste other than JRM waste is introduced into the container or to count the volume of JRM waste introduced.
A titre d'exemple, le dispositif de détection peut comprendre un poinçon utilisé pour marquer les déchets introduits dans le container de façon à déterminer la dureté des déchets, des déchets trop durs ne correspondant généralement pas à des déchets JRM. Selon un autre exemple, le dispositif de détection peut être adapté à reconnaître les caractères imprimés présents sur les déchets JRM. Selon un autre exemple, le dispositif de détection peut comprendre un éclairage ultraviolet, la plupart des déchets JRM ayant une signature reconnaissable sous ce type d'éclairage. Un inconvénient des dispositifs de détection décrits précédemment est qu'ils peuvent être complexes à mettre en oeuvre. De plus, ils ne permettent pas la détection d'un objet qui n'est pas un déchet JRM et qui est dissimulé entre deux feuilles de journaux. En outre, il est souhaitable que la consommation électrique du dispositif de détection soit la plus faible possible de façon à prévoir une alimentation de longue durée du dispositif de détection au moyen d'accumulateurs électriques. For example, the detection device may comprise a punch used to mark the waste introduced into the container so as to determine the hardness of the waste, too hard waste generally does not correspond to JRM waste. In another example, the detection device can be adapted to recognize printed characters present on JRM waste. In another example, the detection device may comprise ultraviolet illumination, most JRM waste having a signature recognizable under this type of illumination. A disadvantage of the detection devices described above is that they can be complex to implement. In addition, they do not allow the detection of an object that is not a JRM waste and is hidden between two sheets of newspapers. In addition, it is desirable that the power consumption of the detection device is as low as possible so as to provide a long-term power supply of the detection device by means of electric accumulators.
Résumé summary
Un objet d'un mode de réalisation est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients des dispositifs de détection décrits précédemment .  An object of an embodiment is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the detection devices described above.
Un autre objet d'un mode de réalisation est que le dispositif de détection permet de détecter que les déchets introduits ne sont pas des déchets JRM.  Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device makes it possible to detect that the waste introduced is not JRM waste.
Un autre objet d'un mode de réalisation est que le dispositif de détection a une consommation réduite.  Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device has a reduced consumption.
Un autre objet d'un mode de réalisation est que la maintenance du dispositif de détection est simple.  Another object of an embodiment is that the maintenance of the detection device is simple.
Un autre objet d'un mode de réalisation est que le dispositif de détection permet de déterminer le volume de déchets introduit dans le container.  Another object of an embodiment is that the detection device makes it possible to determine the volume of waste introduced into the container.
Ainsi, un mode de réalisation prévoit un dispositif de détection d'un objet non conforme comprenant un plateau, ayant une portion en creux vue de dessus, sur lequel l'objet est destiné à se déplacer et des languettes inclinables individuellement destinées à être soulevées par ledit objet, au moins l'une des languettes étant rabattue contre la portion en creux en l'absence dudit objet, et un circuit de détection adapté à déterminer si les amplitudes de soulèvement des languettes dépassent un seuil. Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau comprend une première portion plane et une deuxième portion comprenant deux bandes parallèles entre lesquelles s'étend la portion en creux, la première portion plane étant en amont de la deuxième portion selon la direction de déplacement de l'objet. Thus, an embodiment provides a device for detecting a non-conforming object comprising a tray, having a recessed portion viewed from above, on which the object is intended to move and individually reclining tabs intended to be lifted by said object, at least one of the tongues being folded against the recessed portion in the absence of said object, and a detection circuit adapted to determine if the lifting amplitudes of the tongues exceed a threshold. According to one embodiment, the plate comprises a first flat portion and a second portion comprising two parallel strips between which the hollow portion extends, the first flat portion being upstream of the second portion in the direction of movement of the object.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première portion et les bandes parallèles sont inclinées par rapport à un plan horizontal de plus de 10 ° .  According to one embodiment, the first portion and the parallel strips are inclined relative to a horizontal plane of more than 10 °.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend, en outre, un volet inclinable destiné à être soulevé par ledit objet et rabattu contre la première portion en l'absence dudit objet, le circuit de détection étant adapté à déterminer l'amplitude du soulèvement du volet.  According to one embodiment, the device further comprises a tilt flap intended to be lifted by said object and folded against the first portion in the absence of said object, the detection circuit being adapted to determine the amplitude of the lifting of the shutter.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend des capteurs adaptés à détecter si les languettes sont coplanaires.  According to one embodiment, the device comprises sensors adapted to detect whether the tabs are coplanar.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend, en outre, pour au moins l'une des languettes, un capteur adapté à détecter la présence de l'objet entre la languette et le plateau.  According to one embodiment, the device further comprises, for at least one of the tongues, a sensor adapted to detect the presence of the object between the tongue and the plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le capteur comprend une roue montée libre en rotation sur la languette correspondante et étant adaptée à être mise en rotation au contact de l'objet en déplacement .  According to one embodiment, the sensor comprises a wheel mounted free to rotate on the corresponding tongue and being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend, en outre, pour chaque languette parmi au moins deux languettes, un capteur adapté à détecter la présence de l'objet entre la languette et le plateau.  According to one embodiment, the device further comprises, for each tongue among at least two tabs, a sensor adapted to detect the presence of the object between the tongue and the plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend, en outre, un rouleau en amont du plateau selon la direction de déplacement de l'objet, ledit rouleau étant adapté à être mis en rotation au contact de l'objet en déplacement.  According to one embodiment, the device further comprises a roller upstream of the plate in the direction of movement of the object, said roller being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
Un mode de réalisation prévoit également un container, notamment pour journaux, revues et magazines, comprenant un dispositif de détection tel que défini précédemment. Brève description des dessins One embodiment also provides a container, particularly for newspapers, magazines and magazines, comprising a detection device as defined above. Brief description of the drawings
Ces caractéristiques et avantages, ainsi que d'autres, seront exposés en détail dans la description suivante de modes de réalisation particuliers faite à titre non limitatif en relation avec les figures jointes parmi lesquelles :  These and other features and advantages will be set forth in detail in the following description of particular embodiments in a non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, partielle et schématique, d'un mode de réalisation d'un container à déchets ;  Figure 1 is a perspective view, partial and schematic, of an embodiment of a waste container;
les figures 2 et 3 sont respectivement une vue en coupe latérale et une vue en perspective, partielles et schématiques, d'un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de détection de déchets ; et  Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a partial sectional view and a perspective view, partial and schematic, of an embodiment of a waste detection device; and
les figures 4 à 6 sont des vues de face, partielles et schématiques, du dispositif de détection représenté sur les figures 2 et 3 lors de l'introduction de déchets de trois types différents.  Figures 4 to 6 are front views, partial and schematic, of the detection device shown in Figures 2 and 3 when introducing waste of three different types.
Description détaillée  detailed description
De mêmes éléments ont été désignés par de mêmes références aux différentes figures. Par souci de clarté, seuls les éléments qui sont utiles à la compréhension des modes de réalisation décrits ont été représentés et sont détaillés. En particulier, les procédés d'analyse des signaux mesurés par les capteurs du dispositif de détection sont bien connus de l'homme du métier et ne sont pas décrits en détail.  The same elements have been designated with the same references in the various figures. For the sake of clarity, only the elements that are useful for understanding the described embodiments have been shown and are detailed. In particular, the methods for analyzing the signals measured by the sensors of the detection device are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail.
Dans la description qui suit, lorsque l'on fait référence à des qualificatifs de position absolue, tels que les termes "avant", "arrière", "haut", "bas", "gauche", "droite", etc., ou relative, tels que les termes "dessus", "dessous", "supérieur", "inférieur", etc., ou à des qualificatifs d'orientation, tels que les termes "horizontal", "vertical", etc., il est fait référence à l'orientation des figures ou à un container de tri sélectif dans une position normale d'utilisation. Sauf précision contraire, les expressions "approximativement", "sensiblement", et "de l'ordre de" signifient à 10 % près, de préférence à 5 % près. La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'un container 5 de déchets JRM. Le container 5 comprend un dispositif 10 de détection de déchets introduits dans le container 5 par une ouverture 12. A titre d'exemple, l'ouverture 12 a une forme rectangulaire. Les dimensions de l'ouverture sont adaptées à l'introduction d'une quantité déterminée de déchets par l'ouverture 12, par exemple une pile de déchets JRM ayant une épaisseur maximale de 10 cm et une largeur maximale de 30 cm. In the description which follows, when reference is made to absolute position qualifiers, such as the terms "before", "backward", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., or relative, such as the terms "above", "below", "upper", "lower", etc., or with qualifiers for orientation, such as the terms "horizontal", "vertical", etc., it refers to the orientation of the figures or to a selective sorting container in a normal position of use. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "approximately", "substantially", and "of the order of" mean within 10%, preferably within 5%. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a JRM waste container. The container 5 comprises a device 10 for detecting waste introduced into the container 5 through an opening 12. By way of example, the opening 12 has a rectangular shape. The dimensions of the opening are adapted to the introduction of a determined quantity of waste through the opening 12, for example a pile of waste JRM having a maximum thickness of 10 cm and a maximum width of 30 cm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection According to one embodiment, the detection device
10 est intégré au container 5. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 est un appareil qui peut être monté sur un container 5 déjà installé. 10 is integrated in the container 5. According to another embodiment, the detection device 10 is an apparatus that can be mounted on a container 5 already installed.
Les figures 2 et 3 représentent un mode de réalisation du dispositif de détection 10. Selon un mode de réalisation, la majorité des pièces mécaniques du dispositif de détection 10 peuvent être symétriques par rapport à un plan sensiblement vertical. Sur la figure 2, on a représenté un flasque 14, par exemple sensiblement vertical, traversé par l'ouverture 12. Le flasque 14 peut être intégré au container 5 ou peut correspondre à une pièce distincte fixée au container 5 déjà installé. L'ouverture 12 comprend un bord inférieur 16 et un bord supérieur 18, par exemple sensiblement horizontaux.  Figures 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the detection device 10. According to one embodiment, the majority of the mechanical parts of the detection device 10 may be symmetrical with respect to a substantially vertical plane. In Figure 2, there is shown a flange 14, for example substantially vertical, through which the opening 12. The flange 14 may be integrated in the container 5 or may correspond to a separate part attached to the container 5 already installed. The opening 12 comprises a lower edge 16 and an upper edge 18, for example substantially horizontal.
Le dispositif de détection 10 comprend un plateau 20, par exemple en un matériau plastique ou en téflon, disposé à l'intérieur du container 5. Le plateau 20 comprend un bord 22 qui est attenant au bord inférieur 16 de l'ouverture 12. Le plateau 20 comprend une première portion 24, sensiblement plane et inclinée par rapport à un plan horizontal d'un angle d'inclinaison a, et une deuxième portion 26 comprenant deux bandes 28 parallèles sensiblement planes prolongeant la première portion 24 et séparées par une portion en creux 30 orientée vers le bas, c'est-à-dire une portion concave en vue de dessus. La portion concave 30 est, par exemple, un secteur cylindrique d'axe parallèle aux bords latéraux des bandes 28. Selon un mode de réalisation, l'angle d'inclinaison a de la première portion 24 et des bandes 28 par rapport à un plan horizontal est supérieur à 10°, de préférence compris entre 32° et 36°. Selon un mode de réalisation, l'écartement entre les bandes parallèles 28 est compris entre 15 cm et 18 cm. Selon un mode de réalisation, la profondeur maximale de la portion concave 30, mesurée par rapport au plan contenant la portion 24 plane du plateau 20 est comprise entre 5 cm et 8 cm. The detection device 10 comprises a plate 20, for example a plastic material or Teflon, disposed inside the container 5. The plate 20 comprises an edge 22 which is adjacent to the lower edge 16 of the opening 12. plate 20 comprises a first portion 24, substantially flat and inclined with respect to a horizontal plane of a tilt angle a, and a second portion 26 comprising two substantially flat parallel strips 28 extending the first portion 24 and separated by a portion recess 30 oriented downwards, that is to say a concave portion in plan view. The concave portion 30 is, for example, a cylindrical sector of axis parallel to the lateral edges of the strips 28. According to one embodiment, the angle tilt angle a of the first portion 24 and strips 28 with respect to a horizontal plane is greater than 10 °, preferably between 32 ° and 36 °. According to one embodiment, the spacing between the parallel strips 28 is between 15 cm and 18 cm. According to one embodiment, the maximum depth of the concave portion 30, measured relative to the plane containing the flat portion 24 of the plate 20 is between 5 cm and 8 cm.
Le dispositif de détection 10 comprend une rangée de languettes 32g, 32j, 32ç montées libres en rotation autour d'un axe Dl, par exemple sensiblement horizontal et parallèle aux bords 16, 18 de l'ouverture 12. Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend au moins trois languettes, de préférence au moins cinq languettes 32g, 32j, 32ç disposées les unes à côté des autres au-dessus du plateau 20 et se répartissant en deux langueurs externes 32g qui sont les languettes situées le plus à l'extérieur de la rangée de languettes, une languette centrale 32ç qui est la languette le plus au centre de la rangée de languettes et deux languettes intermédiaires 32 j, disposées de part et d'autre de la languette centrale 32ç, chaque languette intermédiaire 32 j étant disposée entre la languette centrale 32ç et l'une des languettes externes 32g. Selon un mode de réalisation, la largeur de chaque languette 32g mesurée selon l'axe Dl, est comprise entre 6 cm et 7 cm. Selon un mode de réalisation, la largeur de chaque languette 32 j, 32ç, mesurée selon l'axe Dl, est comprise entre 5 cm et 6 cm. La largeur totale des languettes 32j et 32ç mesurée selon l'axe Dl est, de préférence, légèrement inférieure à l'écartement entre les bandes parallèles 28, de manière à ce que ces languettes 32 j et 32ç soient toutes situées à l'aplomb de la zone 30. The detection device 10 comprises a row of tongues 32g, 32j, 32c freely rotatably mounted about an axis Dl, for example substantially horizontal and parallel to the edges 16, 18 of the opening 12. According to one embodiment, the detection device 10 comprises at least three tongues, preferably at least five 32g tongues 32j, 32c arranged one beside the other above the plate 20 and being divided into two outer languor 32g which are the tabs located further outside the row of tabs, a central tongue 32c which is the most central tongue of the row of tongues and two intermediate tongues 32 j , arranged on either side of the central tongue 32c, each tongue intermediate 32 j being disposed between the central tongue 32c and one of the outer tongues 32g. According to one embodiment, the width of each tongue 32g measured along the axis D1 is between 6 cm and 7 cm. According to one embodiment, the width of each tongue 32 j , 32c, measured along the axis Dl, is between 5 cm and 6 cm. The total width of the tongues 32j and 32c measured along the axis Dl is preferably slightly smaller than the distance between the parallel strips 28, so that these tongues 32j and 32c are all located in line from zone 30.
Les languettes 32g, 32 , 32ç sont susceptibles de pivoter indépendamment les unes des autres languettes autour de l'axe Dl . Chaque languette 32g, 32j, 32ç peut comprendre une bande 34 sensiblement plane se prolongeant du côté opposé à l'axe Dl par un rebord 36 incliné par rapport à la bande 34 correspondante. Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque languette 32g, 32j, 32ç est en un matériau rigide, par exemple en un matériau plastique. La longueur de chaque languette 32g, 32 , 32ç est telle que, en l'absence de déchets, la languette est maintenue par son propre poids contre le plateau 20. A titre d'exemple, la longueur des languettes 32g, 32j, 32ç est comprise entre 20 cm et 22 cm. The tongues 32g, 32, 32c are pivotable independently of each other tongues around the axis Dl. Each tab 32g, 32j, 32c may comprise a substantially flat strip 34 extending from the side opposite the axis Dl by a rim 36 inclined with respect to the corresponding strip 34. According to one embodiment, each tab 32g, 32j, 32c is made of a rigid material, for example a plastic material. The length of each tab 32g, 32, 32c is such that, in the absence of waste, the tongue is held by its own weight against the plate 20. For example, the length of the tabs 32g, 32j, 32c is between 20 cm and 22 cm.
Les languettes externes 32g peuvent être agencées de façon à être, en l'absence de déchets, en butée contre les bandes parallèles 28 du plateau 20. Selon un mode de réalisation, la languette centrale 32ç est agencée de façon à être, en l'absence de déchet, en butée contre la portion concave 30 du plateau 20, de préférence au niveau de la portion concave 30 à égale distance des bandes latérales 28. Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque languette intermédiaire 32g est agencée de façon à être, en l'absence de déchets, en butée contre la portion concave 30 du plateau 20 plus près de l'une des bandes latérales 28. Selon un mode de réalisation, en l'absence de déchets, les languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç ne sont pas coplanaires, la languette centrale 32ç étant moins inclinée par rapport à un plan vertical que les languettes intermédiaires 32 j et les languettes intermédiaires 32 j étant moins inclinées par rapport à un plan vertical que les languettes externes 32g. The outer tongues 32g may be arranged so that, in the absence of waste, they abut against the parallel strips 28 of the plate 20. According to one embodiment, the central tongue 32c is arranged so as to be absence of waste, in abutment against the concave portion 30 of the plate 20, preferably at the concave portion 30 equidistant from the sidebands 28. According to one embodiment, each intermediate tongue 32g is arranged so as to be absence of waste, into abutment against the concave portion 30 of the plate 20 closest to one of the side strips 28. in one embodiment, in the absence of waste, tongues 32g, 32j, and 32c are not coplanar, the central tongue 32c being less inclined relative to a vertical plane than the intermediate tongues 32 j and the intermediate tongues 32 j being less inclined with respect to a vertical plane than the tabs ex dull 32g.
Le dispositif de détection 10 peut comprendre, pour chaque languette 32g, 32 , 32ç, un moyen élastique de rappel 38 représenté de façon schématique en figure 3, par exemple un ressort de torsion, qui tend à amener la languette contre le plateau 20. L'intensité de l'effort de rappel fourni par le moyen élastique de rappel 38 peut augmenter lorsque l'écartement entre la languette et le plateau 20 augmente.  The detection device 10 may comprise, for each tongue 32g, 32, 32c, an elastic return means 38 shown schematically in FIG. 3, for example a torsion spring, which tends to bring the tongue against the plate 20. L The intensity of the return force provided by the elastic return means 38 may increase when the spacing between the tongue and the plate 20 increases.
Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque languette externe According to one embodiment, each external tongue
32g comprend un doigt 39 qui se projette depuis le bord latéral de la languette 32g vers la languette intermédiaire 32j attenante et qui forme une butée limitant le débattement angulaire de la languette intermédiaire 32 attenante. Les languettes intermédiaires 32 j peuvent, en outre, comprendre un doigt latéral, non représenté, limitant le débattement angulaire de la languette centrale 32ç. 32g comprises a finger 39 which projects from the lateral edge of the tongue 32g to the intermediate tongue 32 j adjoining and which forms a stop limiting the angular movement of the intermediate tongue 32 adjoining. Intermediate j tongues 32 may further comprise a lateral finger, not shown, limiting the angular movement of the central tongue 32c.
Le dispositif de détection 10 comprend des capteurs reliés à un module de traitement 40, représenté seulement de façon schématique en figure 2. Le module de traitement 40 peut comprendre un processeur, par exemple un microprocesseur ou un microcontrôleur, adapté à exécuter des instructions d'un programme d'ordinateur stocké dans une mémoire.  The detection device 10 comprises sensors connected to a processing module 40, represented only schematically in FIG. 2. The processing module 40 may comprise a processor, for example a microprocessor or a microcontroller, adapted to executing instructions. a computer program stored in a memory.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend des premiers capteurs 42 fournissant des signaux au module de traitement 40 à partir desquels le module de traitement 40 est adapté à détecter si les inclinaisons des languettes 32g, 32j, 32ç autour de l'axe Dl par rapport à un plan de référence sont sensiblement identiques. Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque capteur 42 comprend un aimant prévu sur une languette et un interrupteur à lames souples prévu sur une languette adjacente, 1 ' interrupteur étant maintenu fermé par 1 ' aimant lorsque 1 ' aimant est à proximité de l'interrupteur, c'est-à-dire lorsque les languettes attenantes sont sensiblement coplanaires. Selon un mode de réalisation, deux capteurs 42 sont prévus pour déterminer si chaque languette intermédiaire 32j est coplanaire avec la languette centrale 32ç. According to one embodiment, the detection device 10 comprises first sensors 42 providing signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module 40 is adapted to detect if the inclinations of 32g tongues 32j, 32c around the axis D1 with respect to a reference plane are substantially identical. According to one embodiment, each sensor 42 comprises a magnet provided on a tab and a reed switch provided on an adjacent tab, the switch being kept closed by the magnet when the magnet is near the switch, that is, when the adjoining tabs are substantially coplanar. According to one embodiment, two sensors 42 are provided for determining whether each intermediate tongue 32 j is coplanar with the central tongue 32c.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend, en outre, des capteurs 44 fournissant des signaux au module de traitement 40 à partir desquels le module de traitement According to one embodiment, the detection device 10 further comprises sensors 44 supplying signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module
40 est adapté à détecter le passage d'un déchet entre les languettes intermédiaires 32j et le plateau 20. Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque capteur 44 comprend une roue, visible seulement en figure 3, montée libre en rotation par rapport à la languette intermédiaire 32j correspondante et qui est agencée par rapport à la languette intermédiaire 32j de façon que chaque roue 44 soit mise en rotation lors du passage d'un objet entre le plateau 20 et la languette intermédiaire 32j. La mise en rotation de la roue peut être détectée par le module de traitement 40. A titre de variante, les capteurs 44 peuvent être situés sur les languettes externes 32g et/ou sur la languette centrale 32ç en plus ou à la place des capteurs 44 situés sur les languettes intermédiaires 32j. 40 is adapted to detect the passage of a waste between the intermediate tongues 32 j and the plate 20. According to one embodiment, each sensor 44 comprises a wheel, visible only in FIG. 3, mounted free to rotate relative to the tongue intermediate 32 j and that is arranged relative to the intermediate tongue 32 j so that each wheel 44 is rotated during the passage of an object between the plate 20 and the intermediate tongue 32 j . The rotation of the wheel can be detected by the processing module 40. Alternatively, the sensors 44 can be located on the External tongues 32g and / or the central tongue 32c in addition to or instead of the sensors 44 located on the intermediate tabs 32 j.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend, à la place des capteurs 42 et 44 décrits précédemment, des capteurs, par exemple des inclinomètres, adaptés à fournir au module de traitement 40 des signaux représentatifs de l'inclinaison de chaque languette 32g, 32j, 32ç par rapport à un plan de référence. According to another embodiment, the detection device 10 comprises, in place of the sensors 42 and 44 described above, sensors, for example inclinometers, adapted to supply the processing module 40 with signals representative of the inclination of each 32g tongue, 32j, 32c with respect to a reference plane.
Le dispositif de détection 10 peut comprendre, en outre, un rouleau 46 monté libre en rotation autour d'un axe horizontal D2, de préférence sensiblement parallèle à l'axe Dl, disposé entre le bord 22 du plateau 20 et l'ouverture 12. Un capteur, non représenté, relié au module de traitement 40 peut être adapté à détecter la mise en rotation du rouleau 46.  The detection device 10 may further comprise a roller 46 mounted to rotate freely about a horizontal axis D2, preferably substantially parallel to the axis D1, disposed between the edge 22 of the plate 20 and the opening 12. A sensor, not shown, connected to the processing module 40 may be adapted to detect the rotation of the roller 46.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend un volet 48 monté libre en rotation autour d'un axe D3, de préférence sensiblement parallèle à l'axe Dl, par exemple horizontal. La longueur du volet 48 est telle que, en l'absence de déchets introduits dans l'ouverture 12, le volet 48 obture sensiblement l'ouverture 12. Le dispositif de détection 10 peut, en outre, comprendre un moyen élastique de rappel non représenté, par exemple un ressort de torsion, qui tend à rabattre le volet 48 contre l'ouverture 12. L'intensité de l'effort de rappel fourni par le moyen élastique peut augmenter lorsque l'écartement entre le volet 48 et le bord inférieur 16 de l'ouverture 12 augmente.  According to one embodiment, the detection device 10 comprises a flap 48 mounted free to rotate about an axis D3, preferably substantially parallel to the axis D1, for example horizontal. The length of the flap 48 is such that, in the absence of waste introduced into the opening 12, the flap 48 substantially closes the opening 12. The detection device 10 may further comprise a resilient return means not shown , for example a torsion spring, which tends to fold the flap 48 against the opening 12. The intensity of the return force provided by the elastic means may increase when the distance between the flap 48 and the lower edge 16 of the opening 12 increases.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de détection 10 comprend un capteur, non représenté, fournissant des signaux au module de traitement 40 à partir desquels le module de traitement 40 est adapté à déterminer l'angle d'inclinaison du volet 48 par rapport à un plan de référence, par exemple un plan vertical .  According to one embodiment, the detection device 10 comprises a sensor, not shown, providing signals to the processing module 40 from which the processing module 40 is adapted to determine the angle of inclination of the flap 48 with respect to a reference plane, for example a vertical plane.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de détection 10 est le suivant : un utilisateur introduit des déchets 50, représentés seulement de façon schématique en figure 2, dans le container 5 en les faisant passer par l'ouverture 12. La forme de l'ouverture 12 tend à imposer la direction d'introduction des déchets 50 dans le container 5. Les déchets 50 peuvent entraîner la mise en rotation du rouleau 46, ce qui facilite l'introduction des déchets 50 dans le container 5. L'inclinaison de la première portion 24 du plateau 20 facilite, en outre, le glissement des déchets 50 sur le plateau 20 vers l'intérieur du container 5 sous leur propre poids malgré l'appui du volet 48 et des languettes 32 créant un frottement supplémentaire. L'introduction des déchets 50 dans l'ouverture 12 entraîne le pivotement du volet 48 qui, sous son propre poids ou sous l'action d'un moyen élastique de rappel, tend à plaquer les déchets 50 contre le plateau 20 et aussi à les plaquer entre eux en cas de pile, évitant ainsi aux JRM intermédiaires de glisser plus vite que ceux du dessus et du dessous de la pile. Les déchets 50 peuvent correspondre à une seule feuille de papier ou une pile de papier, de journaux ou de magazines de plusieurs centimètres d'épaisseur. Lorsque les déchets 50 atteignent la deuxième portion 26 du plateau 20, ils se déforment plus ou moins sous 1 ' action de leur propre poids et sous l'action des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç pour épouser la forme de la portion concave 30 (et ne pas glisser entre eux) et tombent finalement dans le container 5. Les déchets 50 n'épousent généralement pas complètement la forme de la partie concave 30 de sorte que la zone de contact entre les déchets 50 et le plateau 20 peut être réduite. Ceci permet de façon avantageuse de réduire les frottements entre les déchets 50 et le plateau 20 et de réduire les risques d'encrassement du plateau 20 par les déchets 50. La pression des languettes sur les déchets 50 facilitent la déformation de ceux-ci lorsqu'ils se déplacent sur la portion concave 30 du plateau 20. The operation of the detection device 10 is as follows: a user introduces waste 50, represented only schematically in FIG. 2, in the container 5 by passing them through the opening 12. The shape of the opening 12 tends to impose the direction of introduction of the waste 50 into the container 5. The waste 50 may cause the roll 46 to rotate, which facilitates the introduction of the waste 50 into the container 5. The inclination of the first portion 24 of the plate 20 further facilitates the sliding of the waste 50 on the plate 20 towards the inside of the container 5 under their own weight despite the support flap 48 and tabs 32 creating additional friction. The introduction of the waste 50 in the opening 12 causes the pivoting of the flap 48 which, under its own weight or under the action of an elastic return means, tends to press the waste 50 against the plate 20 and also to the flatten between them in case of pile, thus avoiding the intermediary JRM to slide faster than those of the top and the bottom of the pile. Waste 50 may be a single sheet of paper or a stack of paper, newspapers or magazines several inches thick. When the waste 50 reach the second portion 26 of plate 20, they deform more or less in one action of their own weight and under the action of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c to match the shape of the concave portion 30 ( and do not slip between them) and finally fall into the container 5. The waste 50 generally do not completely conform to the shape of the concave portion 30 so that the contact area between the waste 50 and the tray 20 can be reduced. This advantageously makes it possible to reduce the friction between the waste 50 and the plate 20 and to reduce the risk of fouling of the plate 20 by the waste 50. The pressure of the tongues on the waste 50 facilitates the deformation thereof when they move on the concave portion 30 of the plate 20.
Les figures 4, 5 et 6 représentent des vues du dispositif de détection 10 selon la direction d'introduction de déchets lors de l'introduction de déchets de types différents.  Figures 4, 5 and 6 show views of the detection device 10 according to the direction of introduction of waste when introducing waste of different types.
La différenciation entre des déchets JRM et d'autres types de déchets se base sur le fait que les déchets JRM sont relativement souples et ont tendance à se déformer pour suivre, plus ou moins, la forme du support sur lequel ils reposent alors que la plupart des autres déchets ne présentent pas une telle propriété. De ce fait, s'il est détecté que les déchets épousent plus ou moins une forme concave, qui est une forme relativement inhabituelle pour un élément rigide, cela signifie qu'il s'agit probablement de déchets JRM. The differentiation between JRM waste and other types of waste is based on the fact that JRM waste is relatively flexible and tend to deform to follow, more or less, the shape of the support on which they rest while most other waste does not have such a property. Therefore, if it is detected that the waste more or less conforms to a concave shape, which is a relatively unusual shape for a rigid element, it means that it is probably JRM waste.
En figure 4, des déchets JRM 50 sont introduits dans le container 5. Les dimensions de la portion concave 30 du plateau 20 sont choisies de façon à entraîner une déformation des déchets 50 lorsqu'ils glissent sur le plateau 20. Le passage des déchets 50 entraîne un léger soulèvement des languettes 32g, 32 et 32ç. Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel les capteurs 42 sont adaptés à détecter la coplanarité des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç, le soulèvement des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç n'est pas suffisant pour être détecté par les capteurs 42. In FIG. 4, JRM waste 50 is introduced into the container 5. The dimensions of the concave portion 30 of the plate 20 are chosen so as to cause a deformation of the waste 50 when they slide on the plate 20. The passage of the waste 50 causes a slight uplift of the tabs 32g, 32 and 32c. In the embodiment wherein the sensors 42 are adapted to detect the coplanarity of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, the rising of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c is not sufficient to be detected by the sensors 42.
En figure 5, un élément 52 rigide (plan ou convexe) est introduit dans le container. Cet élément rigide 52 peut être seul ou coincé entre deux JRM souples. L'élément 52 glisse sur le plateau 20. Plus précisément, l'élément 52 glisse sur les bandes 28 et surplombe la partie concave 30. Le passage de l'élément rigide 52 entraîne un important soulèvement au moins des languettes 32 j et 32ç, ce qui entraîne leur mise en coplanarité du fait des pièces 39 limitant leur levées les unes par rapport aux autres dans le sens convexe. Ceci est détecté par les capteursIn FIG. 5, a rigid element 52 (plane or convex) is introduced into the container. This rigid element 52 may be alone or wedged between two flexible JRMs. The element 52 slides on the plate 20. More specifically, the element 52 slides on the strips 28 and overhangs the concave portion 30. The passage of the rigid element 52 causes a large lifting of at least tongues 32 j and 32 c, which leads to their coplanarity due to the parts 39 limiting their lifts relative to each other in the convex direction. This is detected by the sensors
42. Les capteurs 42 de coplanarité des languettes permettent ainsi de détecter l'introduction d'un déchet 52 rigide (plan ou convexe) dont les dimensions correspondent sensiblement à celles d'un déchet JRM. Un avantage de ce mode de réalisation est que les capteurs 42 n'entraînent pas de consommation électrique lors de l'introduction de déchets JRM 50. Ceci permet d'obtenir une autonomie de fonctionnement importante du dispositif de détection 10 lorsque son alimentation électrique est assurée par une batterie électrique. Selon un mode de réalisation, pour réduire la consommation électrique du dispositif de détection 10, le module de traitement peut basculer entre un état de veille et un état de fonctionnement normal. Dans l'état de veille, certaines fonctions remplies par le module de traitement 40 peuvent être désactivées pour en réduire la consommation électrique. Selon un mode de réalisation, le passage entre l'état de veille et l'état de fonctionnement normal est obtenu lors de la mise en rotation du rouleau 46. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le passage entre l'état de veille et l'état de fonctionnement normal peut également être obtenu lors de la détection du soulèvement de l'une des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç. 42. The sensors 42 of coplanarity of the tongues thus make it possible to detect the introduction of a rigid waste 52 (plane or convex) whose dimensions substantially correspond to those of a waste JRM. An advantage of this embodiment is that the sensors 42 do not cause power consumption during the introduction of waste JRM 50. This provides a significant operating autonomy of the detection device 10 when its power supply is assured by an electric battery. According to one embodiment, to reduce the power consumption of the detection device 10, the processing module can switch between a standby state and a normal operating state. In the standby state, certain functions performed by the processing module 40 may be deactivated to reduce power consumption. According to one embodiment, the transition between the standby state and the normal operating state is obtained when the roll 46 is rotated. According to another embodiment, the transition between the standby state and the normal operating state can also be obtained upon detection of lifting one of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c.
Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel les roues 44 sont présentes, le passage des déchets JRM 50 entraîne la mise en rotation des roues 44. Il est alors possible de mesurer la longueur des déchets JRM 50. Dans le cas où le dispositif de détection 10 comprend, en outre, un capteur adapté à en mesurer l'inclinaison du volet d'entrée 48, la détermination de l'angle d'inclinaison de ce volet 48 permet de mesurer l'épaisseur des déchets JRM 50. Une estimation du volume du déchet JRM 50 peut être ainsi déterminée par le module de traitement 40.  In the embodiment in which the wheels 44 are present, the passage of the JRM 50 waste causes the wheels 44 to rotate. It is then possible to measure the length of the JRM 50 waste. In the case where the detection device 10 further comprises a sensor adapted to measure the inclination of the inlet flap 48, the determination of the inclination angle of the flap 48 to measure the thickness of the waste JRM 50. An estimate of the volume of the waste JRM 50 can be thus determined by the processing module 40.
Dans le cas où des capteurs d'inclinaison sont prévus pour le volet d'entrée 48 et pour les languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç, une estimation de la flexibilité des déchets introduits peut être réalisée par le module de traitement 40. In the event that inclination sensors are provided for the inlet valve 48 and to the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, an estimation of the flexibility of the introduced wastes can be performed by the processing module 40.
Comme cela a été décrit précédemment, le principe de fonctionnement du dispositif de détection 10 se base sur le fait qu'il existe peu d'objets rigides ayant les dimensions d'une pile de journaux, revues et magazines et qui ont une forme concave. C'est le cas toutefois de certaines tuiles de toit. Il peut être souhaitable de déterminer si un tel objet rigide est introduit dans le container 5. Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel le dispositif de détection 10 comprend, en outre, un capteur adapté à mesurer l'inclinaison du volet d'entrée 48, la détermination de l'angle d'inclinaison de ce volet 48 permet de déterminer l'épaisseur de l'objet rigide de forme concave qui, lorsqu'il soulève le volet d'entrée 48, se déplace sur la portion plane 24 du plateau 20. Le module de traitement 40 peut déterminer que l'objet introduit dans le container 5 est un objet rigide de forme concave lorsqu'il entraîne à la fois une inclinaison importante du volet d'entrée 48 et une inclinaison plus faible, éventuellement non détectée, des languettes 32g, 32 j et 32ç. As previously described, the operating principle of the detection device 10 is based on the fact that there are few rigid objects having the dimensions of a stack of newspapers, magazines and magazines and which have a concave shape. This is however the case of some roof tiles. It may be desirable to determine if such a rigid object is introduced into the container 5. In the embodiment in which the detection device 10 further comprises a sensor adapted to measure the inclination of the entry flap 48, the determination of the angle of inclination of this flap 48 makes it possible to determine the thickness of the rigid object of concave shape which, when it raises the inlet flap 48, moves on the flat portion 24 of the plate 20. The processing module 40 can determine that the object introduced into the container 5 is a rigid object of concave shape when drives both a significant inclination of the inlet valve 48 and a smaller inclination, possibly undetected, the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c.
En figure 6, un élément 54 rigide de petites dimensions latérales est introduit dans le container 5. Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel les capteurs 42 sont adaptés à détecter la coplanarité des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç, le déchet 54 peut ne pas entraîner un soulèvement suffisant des languettes 32 j et 32ç qui soit détecté par les capteurs 42. Toutefois, il peut être souhaitable de détecter également que le déchet 54 n'est pas un déchet JRM. Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel les capteurs 44 comprennent des roues, seule l'une des deux roues est mise en rotation par le passage du déchet 54, ce qui permet au module de traitement 40 de déterminer que le déchet 54 n'est pas un déchet JRM. In Figure 6, a rigid element 54 of small lateral dimensions is introduced into the container 5. In the embodiment wherein the sensors 42 are adapted to detect the coplanarity of the tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, the waste 54 can not cause a sufficient lifting of the tongues 32j and 32c which is detected by the sensors 42. However, it may be desirable to also detect that the waste 54 is not a JRM waste. In the embodiment in which the sensors 44 comprise wheels, only one of the two wheels is rotated by the passage of the waste 54, which allows the processing module 40 to determine that the waste 54 is not a waste JRM.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, chaque languette According to another embodiment, each tongue
32g, 32 et 32ç est munie d'un capteur qui permet d'en mesurer l'inclinaison par rapport à un plan de référence. Le module de traitement 40 peut déterminer qu'un déchet est un déchet JRM 50 lorsque l'inclinaison de chaque languette 32g, 32j et 32ç varie lors du passage du déchet mais demeure en dessous d'un seuil. Le module de traitement 40 peut déterminer qu'un déchet est un déchet 52 tel que représenté en figure 5 lorsque l'inclinaison de chaque languette 32g, 32j et 32ç varie lors du passage du déchet au- dessus d'un seuil. Le module de traitement 40 peut déterminer qu'un déchet est un déchet 52 tel que représenté en figure 6 lorsque l'inclinaison de seulement certaines des languettes 32g, 32 ou 32ç varie. En outre, le nombre de languettes 32g, 32 j et 32ç pour lesquelles une inclinaison est détectée permet la détermination de la largeur des déchets, mesurée selon l'axe d'inclinaison Dl des languettes. Le dispositif de détection 10 peut, en outre, être adapté à déterminer le taux de remplissage du container 5. Dans ce but, le dispositif de détection 10 peut comprendre, en outre, un capteur à ultrasons, relié au module de traitement 40, adapté à fournir un signal représentatif de la distance qui sépare le capteur et les déchets situés au sommet de la pile de déchets entassés dans le container 5. Le module de traitement 40 peut déterminer le taux de remplissage du container 5 à partir du signal fourni par le capteur à ultrasons. Le module de traitement 40 peut, en outre, au moyen de ce capteur, déterminer s'il est réalisé une tentative de fraude par remontée d'un déchet déjà présent dans le container 5. 32g, 32 and 32c is equipped with a sensor which makes it possible to measure its inclination with respect to a reference plane. The processing module 40 may determine that waste is a waste JRM 50 when the inclination of each tab 32g, 32j and 32c varies during passage of the waste, but remains below a threshold. The processing module 40 may determine that a waste is waste 52 such as shown in Figure 5 when the inclination of each tab 32g, 32j and 32c vary during the passage of waste material above a threshold. The processing module 40 can determine that a waste is a waste 52 as shown in FIG. 6 when the inclination of only some of the tongues 32g, 32 or 32c varies. In addition, the number of tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c to which an inclination is detected allows the determination of the width of waste, measured along the axis Dl of inclination of the tongues. The detection device 10 may, in addition, be adapted to determine the filling rate of the container 5. For this purpose, the detection device 10 may further comprise an ultrasonic sensor, connected to the processing module 40, adapted to provide a signal representative of the distance between the sensor and the waste located at the top of the pile of waste packed in the container 5. The processing module 40 can determine the filling rate of the container 5 from the signal provided by the ultrasonic sensor. The processing module 40 may, in addition, by means of this sensor, determine whether an attempt is made to fraud by reassembly of a waste already present in the container 5.
Selon un mode de réalisation, lors de la détection d'un déchet qui n'est pas un déchet JRM, le module de traitement 40 peut stocker dans une mémoire des données représentatives de 1 ' instant de détection du déchet et du type de déchet non JRM détecté, par exemple s'il s'agit d'un objet rigide de grandes dimensions ou d'un objet rigide de petites dimensions. Lorsque les capteurs du dispositif de détection 10 le permettent, des données représentatives du volume de déchets JRM introduit dans le container 5 et/ou du taux de remplissage du container 5 peuvent, en outre, être stockées en mémoire par le module de traitement 40. Le module de traitement 40 peut comprendre des moyens d'échange de données à distance, utilisant par exemple des ondes radio, et mettant notamment en oeuvre un protocole d'échange de données du type Bluetooth ou Wi-Fi. Un opérateur peut alors récupérer les données stockées par le module de traitement 40 au moyen d'un appareil de lecture, par exemple un téléphone portable.  According to one embodiment, during the detection of a waste that is not a waste JRM, the processing module 40 can store in a memory data representative of the time of detection of the waste and the type of waste not JRM detected, for example if it is a rigid object of large dimensions or a rigid object of small dimensions. When the sensors of the detection device 10 allow it, data representative of the volume of waste JRM introduced into the container 5 and / or the filling rate of the container 5 may, in addition, be stored in memory by the processing module 40. The processing module 40 may comprise means for remote data exchange, for example using radio waves, and in particular implementing a data exchange protocol of the Bluetooth or Wi-Fi type. An operator can then recover the data. data stored by the processing module 40 by means of a reading device, for example a mobile phone.
Des modes de réalisation particuliers ont été décrits. Diverses variantes et modifications apparaîtront à l'homme de l'art. En particulier, bien que dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, le dispositif de détection 10 comprenne un volet d'entrée 48 et des languettes 32g, 32j et 32ç, le volet d'entrée 48 peut ne pas être présent. Particular embodiments have been described. Various variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In particular, although in the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the detection device 10 includes an inlet valve 48 and tabs 32g, 32j, and 32c, the input component 48 can not be present.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif (10) de détection d'un objet (52 ; 54) non conforme comprenant un plateau (20), ayant une portion (30) en creux vue de dessus, sur lequel l'objet est destiné à se déplacer et des languettes (32g, 32j, 32ç) inclinables individuellement destinées à être soulevées par ledit objet, au moins l'une des languettes étant rabattue contre la portion en creux en l'absence dudit objet, et un circuit de détection (40) adapté à déterminer si les amplitudes de soulèvement des languettes dépassent un seuil. 1. Device (10) for detecting an object (52; 54) which is non-conforming and comprising a plate (20), having a recessed portion (30) viewed from above, on which the object is intended to move, and tabs (32g, 32j, 32c) individually reclining intended to be raised by said object, at least one of the tabs being folded against the recessed portion in the absence of said object, and a detection circuit (40) adapted to determine if the lifting amplitudes of the tabs exceed a threshold.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le plateau (20) comprend une première portion plane (24) et une deuxième portion (26) comprenant deux bandes parallèles (28) entre lesquelles s'étend la portion (30) en creux, la première portion plane étant en amont de la deuxième portion selon la direction de déplacement de l'objet.  2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the plate (20) comprises a first planar portion (24) and a second portion (26) comprising two parallel strips (28) between which the portion (30) recesses, the first flat portion being upstream of the second portion in the direction of movement of the object.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la première portion (24) et les bandes parallèles (28) sont inclinées par rapport à un plan horizontal de plus de 10°.  3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the first portion (24) and the parallel strips (28) are inclined relative to a horizontal plane of more than 10 °.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 ou 3, comprenant, en outre, un volet (48) inclinable destiné à être soulevé par ledit objet (50 ; 52 ; 54) et rabattu contre la première portion (24) en l'absence dudit objet, le circuit de détection (40) étant adapté à déterminer l'amplitude du soulèvement du volet .  4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a flap (48) tiltable to be lifted by said object (50; 52; 54) and folded against the first portion (24) in the absence of said object , the detection circuit (40) being adapted to determine the amplitude of the raising of the flap.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5. Device according to any one of the claims
1 à 4, comprenant des capteurs (42) adaptés à détecter si les languettes (32g, 32j, 32ç) sont coplanaires . 1 to 4, comprising sensors (42) adapted to detect if the tongues (32g, 32j, 32c) are coplanar.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant, en outre, pour au moins l'une des languettes (32j), un capteur (44) adapté à détecter la présence de l'objet (52 ; 54) entre la languette et le plateau (20) . 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising, for at least one of the tongues (32 j ), a sensor (44) adapted to detect the presence of the object (52; ) between the tongue and the plate (20).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le capteur (44) comprend une roue montée libre en rotation sur la languette (32j) correspondante et étant adaptée à être mise en rotation au contact de l'objet en déplacement. 7. Device according to claim 6, wherein the sensor (44) comprises a wheel mounted free to rotate on the tongue (32 j ) corresponding and being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, comprenant, en outre, pour chaque languette (32j) parmi au moins deux languettes, un capteur (44) adapté à détecter la présence de l'objet entre la languette et le plateau (20). 8. Device according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising, for each tab (32 j) from at least two tongues, a sensor (44) adapted to detect the presence of the object between the tongue and the plate (20 ).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant, en outre, un rouleau (46) en amont du plateau (20) selon la direction de déplacement de l'objet (52 ; 54), ledit rouleau étant adapté à être mis en rotation au contact de l'objet en déplacement .  9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a roller (46) upstream of the plate (20) in the direction of movement of the object (52; 54), said roller being adapted to be rotated in contact with the moving object.
10. Container (5), notamment pour journaux, revues et magazines (50) , comprenant un dispositif (10) de détection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.  10. Container (5), especially for newspapers, magazines and magazines (50), comprising a detection device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
EP16819138.5A 2015-12-01 2016-11-30 Device for identifying non-conforming objects Active EP3383557B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL16819138T PL3383557T3 (en) 2015-12-01 2016-11-30 Device for identifying non-conforming objects

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1561659A FR3044246B1 (en) 2015-12-01 2015-12-01 DEVICE FOR DETECTING NON-CONFORMING OBJECTS
PCT/FR2016/053142 WO2017093659A1 (en) 2015-12-01 2016-11-30 Device for detecting non-compliant objects

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EP3383557A1 true EP3383557A1 (en) 2018-10-10
EP3383557B1 EP3383557B1 (en) 2020-04-08

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ES (1) ES2816051T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3044246B1 (en)
PL (1) PL3383557T3 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1210226B (en) * 1962-01-04 1966-02-03 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Equipment on conveyor systems for securing conveyor pieces with maximum rigidity, thickness or length
WO2004030835A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for measuring the bending strength of flat consignments

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WO2017093659A1 (en) 2017-06-08
PL3383557T3 (en) 2020-09-07
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FR3044246A1 (en) 2017-06-02
FR3044246B1 (en) 2019-03-29
ES2816051T3 (en) 2021-03-31

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