EP3382070B1 - Carding machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a card with an inlet side for fiber flocks, which are fed to a pre-drum and dissolved and aligned down to the individual fiber, a first layer of fiber web being transferred to a transfer roller and then to a drum by means of an upper take-off roller, with a second layer of fiber web being transferred by means of an upper take-off roller a lower doffing roller is transferred to a transfer roller and then on the spool, with at least one layer of batt being withdrawn from an outlet side of the card by means of at least one doffing roller for further processing.

On carding, fiber flocks are broken down to the individual fiber. The fleece produced from this generally consists of fibers that are oriented in a certain direction, which can be specified, for example, by the machine direction (MD). These fleeces have a high strength in the longitudinal direction, but this is only low in the transverse direction (cross direction = CD). The longitudinal orientation of the fibers can be counteracted by influencing, for example, the gaps between the drum and the worker rolls, or by compressing the fleece emerging from the drum at different operating speeds. However, an upsetting process increases the weight per unit area of the fleece produced and thus reduces the production speed of the system, since the length of the fiber web produced decreases.

The classic card has a tambour from which the fiber pile is removed at one or two places. In order to increase the resolution of the fiber masses, carding with a pre-drum (pre-drum) is known, which is also provided with worker and turning rollers and can increase the carding performance at the same speed. The pre-drum has a smaller diameter than the main drum. There are also clear differences in the transfer of the fiber web from the front drum to the tambour, since the transfer of the Fiber web can be done with one or two transfer rollers, which then again have different diameters according to the prior art.

the EP 0188177 B1 describes a double card with a small diameter pre-drum and a large tambour, whereby the transfer of the fiber web from the pre-drum to the tambour takes place with two intermediate customers of different diameters (double transfer). An increase in output could not be achieved because the intermediate customers could not completely remove the fiber web from the front drum. The result is a fiber recovery of up to 35%, which puts additional stress on the pre-drum during carding.

the DE1193402 shows a carding system with two pre-drums and two main drums, a worker and a turner being arranged between the main drums in the upper area. In the lower area there is a single pick-up roller with a transfer roller. Although this document describes the problem of centrifugal forces, it solves it by means of a slowly running lower doffer roll. In order to increase the carding effect, according to this document, the distance between the drums should be reduced.

In the U.S. 656,403 the fiber web is transferred from a first reel to a second reel, whereby in the upper area the fiber web is transferred directly to the reel T1 by a customer. In the lower part, a roller picks up the batt of the drum T and transfers it to two take-off rollers.

the WO97 / 00984 revealed with Figure 2B the removal of the fiber web from the tambour by means of random rollers, which then transfer the fiber web to a respective take-off roller, whereupon the fiber web is first compressed by the edging rollers and then transferred to another edging roller. Exactly this uneven upsetting before transfer to the edging roll is undesirable.

In the DE 3643304 C1 depressions are shown within a four-sided roller arrangement, which have a transfer area and a storage area. An adjustability of the rollers for The trough gap can only be achieved by adjusting the roller bearings, which is very complex, since the gaps to the subsequent rollers must also be adjusted with a roller adjustment.

The object of the invention is to create a card with a high carding capacity and good intermixing of the fibers.

The invention solves the problem posed by the teaching of claim 1; further advantageous design features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

According to the technical teaching of claim 1, the card comprises an inlet side for fiber flocks, which are fed to a pre-drum and dissolved and aligned down to the individual fiber, with a first layer of fiber web being transferred to a transfer roller and then to a drum by means of an upper take-off roller second layer of batt is transferred to a transfer roller by means of a lower take-off roller and then onto the drum, at least one layer of batt being withdrawn from an outlet side of the card for further processing by means of at least one take-off roller.

The invention is characterized in that the transfer rollers have the same diameter. The transfer rollers can preferably be operated at the same speed, as a result of which the two separate layers of fiber web can be taken over or passed on with the same distortion or the same compression. They also transfer the same amount of fibers.

The transfer rollers preferably have a diameter of at least 350 mm, preferably at least 380 mm, particularly preferably at least 400 mm. The increase in diameter of the transfer rollers reduces the peripheral speed at which the fiber web is transported on. Reducing the peripheral speed reduces the centrifugal force that acts on the fibers. The fiber fly is thereby reduced, so that the productivity increases with a high carding quality.

The diameter of the lower stripper roll is around 50 percent larger than that of the upper stripper roll, with both stripper rolls being designed to be operated at the same peripheral speed. This structural design of the pick-up rollers creates space for the enlarged transfer rollers. By operating the upper and lower take-off roller at the same peripheral speed, the separate layers of fiber web are taken over by the front drum with the same draft or the same compression and transferred to the transfer rollers.

The upper stripper roll preferably has a diameter of at least 450 mm. In this way, the fiber web can also be transported at a reduced peripheral speed here.

Because the doffing rollers have a lower peripheral speed than the transfer rollers, a stepped warping of the fiber web takes place after the doffing up to the tambour.

In a preferred embodiment, the pre-drum has at least the same diameter as the main drum. The enlargement of the diameter of the pre-drum to at least the diameter of the main drum allows the space to enlarge the transfer rollers so that they can be operated at a lower peripheral speed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a trough is arranged within the card, which extends over the entire working width, the trough with the lower doffer roller, the two transfer rollers and the drum at least partially forming a gap for guiding the fiber web. In particular with light fiber batts and high carding speeds, the trough enables the fiber batt to be guided safely on the rollers.

The trough preferably extends uninterruptedly over the working width of the carding machine and has three concave areas which, together with associated rollers, form a gap for guiding the batt.

The trough has a fourth concave area which forms an adjustable gap with a fourth roller. Since the trough can extend over a working width of 5 m, small manufacturing tolerances and assembly errors result in an uneven gap, which worsens the transfer of the fiber web from one roller to the next. With the adjustability of the gap to a fourth roller, the assembly can be simplified and a uniform gap can be set on all four rollers.

The trough preferably has a first and a second segment, the second segment having a device for adjusting the gap to the fourth roller. The division into separate segments enables simple production and very precise adjustability of the trough.

The first segment with which the gap is formed with three rollers is adjustable and fastened to a machine housing or frame of the carding machine. This trough segment is thus mounted between three rollers and set with an even gap.

The second segment, with which the gap to the fourth roller is formed, is fastened separately to the first segment and can be adjusted to a machine housing or frame of the carding machine. Together, the two segments form a complete trough that can be adjusted to four rollers. The second segment at least partially forms a gap for guiding the batt with two further rollers. The contour of two concave areas thus has an interruption by a mounting gap in the trough, but the fiber web is nonetheless continuously guided in the gap.

Figur 1:

Eine erfindungsgemäße Krempel mit Doppelübertragung;

Figur 2:

Eine Mulde für den Übergabebereich des Faserflors an den Tambour.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a possible schematically illustrated embodiment. It shows:

Figure 1:

A card according to the invention with double transfer;

Figure 2:

A trough for the transfer area of the fiber web to the tambour.

In Figure 1 the card 1 according to the invention is shown, which is designed as a card with double transfer and has an inlet side 1a for fiber flocks and one or more outlet sides 1b for fiber web 20. A feeder, not shown, is arranged in front of the inlet side 1a of the card 1, for example a vibrating shaft feeder with which the fiber flocks are deposited on a conveyor belt, not shown. As an alternative to the vibrating shaft feeder, the card 1 can also be equipped with a card feeder with integrated fleece thickness measurement, in which the weight is determined via the fleece thickness measurement, or the fiber flocks are fed to the card 1 by means of a direct feed.

In the card 1, the fiber flocks are fed to the inlet side 1a of the system and fed via rollers 2, 3 to a pre-drum 4, in which the fiber flocks are broken down and aligned in a first stage down to the individual fiber. During the transport process of the fiber flocks on the front drum 4, turning and worker rollers 5, 6 hold the fibers on the front drum 4 so that a first fiber web 20 is formed. A layer of the batt is removed from the pre-drum 4 by a first upper take-off roller 7 and fed to the spool 11 via an upper transfer roller 9. A second layer of fiber batt is removed from the front drum 4 by a second lower take-off roller 8 and transferred to the spool 11 by a lower transfer roller 10. On the reel 11, the further disintegration and alignment of the fiber flocks takes place to form a fiber web, with turning and worker rollers 5, 6 here also holding the fibers on the reel 11 so that a fiber web 20 forms. The batt 20 is deposited on two conveyor belts 17 by means of two take-off rollers 14, edging rollers 15 and transfer rollers 16 and subsequently merged into a single batt in an outlet side 1b and processed further. In this embodiment, the drum 11 rotates clockwise (right) and transfers the generated fiber web 20 to an upper and a lower counter-rotating take-off roller 14 (left). a very small gap is set between the drum 11 and the doffing rollers 14. Furthermore, the surface of the doffer rollers 14 is designed in such a way that a form fit can arise between the roller surface and the fibers to be transferred. One or more edging rollers 15, 15 ′ adjoin the doffing rollers 14, as well as a take-off unit in the form of a revolving conveyor belt 17, which can optionally be equipped with one or more transfer rollers 16. In the Figure 1 The card 1 shown is equipped with a lower and an upper take-off unit and can thus produce two separate layers of fiber web 20. It is of course also possible to equip the card 1 with only one or more than two take-off units. As an alternative to this embodiment, a further roller, which can be designed as a random roller, can be arranged between the drum 11 and the doffer rollers 14. Due to their circumferential speed, direction of rotation and tooth position, the random rollers generate a special random layer in the fiber web 20, which is compressed and reoriented by the subsequent doffing and compression rollers 14, 15, 15 '.

The special feature of the invention is that the transfer rollers 9, 10 have been enlarged compared to the prior art and both have the same diameter and are operated at the same speed. Due to the increase in diameter to at least The circumferential speed drops by 350 mm and thus the centrifugal forces on the fibers decrease, which reduces the fiber flight. The transfer rollers 9, 10 preferably have a diameter of at least 380 mm, particularly preferably at least 400 mm. Because both transfer rollers have the same diameter, they also transfer the same amount of batt. The operation of both transfer rollers 9, 10 at the same speed ensures the same delay when the fiber web is transferred to the drum 11.

In order to create space for enlarged transfer rollers 9, 10 due to the structural conditions, the upper doffing roller 7 has a smaller diameter than the lower doffing roller 8, both of which are operated at the same peripheral speed. The lower doffing roller 8 preferably has a diameter that is around 50% larger than the upper doffing roller 7. Advantageously, both doffing rollers 7, 8 have the same peripheral speed. Due to the diameter relation of the upper 7 to the lower doffer roller 8, the fiber storage on the front drum 4 can be reduced. The lower stripper roller 8 preferably has a diameter of at least 650 mm and the upper stripper roller 7 has a diameter of at least 450 mm.

The pre-drum 4 preferably has at least the same diameter as the main drum, wherein the main drum 11 can be operated at the same or a higher peripheral speed. The enlargement of the diameter of the pre-drum 4 to at least the diameter of the main drum 11 enables the space conditions to be created with the least structural effort, whereby the transfer rollers 9, 10 can be enlarged in order to operate them at a lower peripheral speed.

Because both doffer rollers 7, 8 have a significantly lower circumferential speed than the pre-drum 4, there is a uniform compression in every layer of the fiber web.

With the transfer of the batt from the take-off rollers 7, 8 to the transfer rollers 9, 10, the batt is again stretched, since the transfer rollers 9, 10 have a higher peripheral speed. The transfer rollers 9, 10 also advantageously have the same diameter. Due to the same circumferential speed of the doffing rollers 7, 8 and the same circumferential speed of the transfer rollers 9, 10, both layers of fiber web are stretched equally. A further stretching of the fiber web occurs during the transfer from the transfer rollers 9, 10 to the reel 11, the peripheral speeds of the transfer rollers 9, 10 being the same, but the peripheral speed of the reel 11 having at least three times the value. The individual layers of fiber web are then further mixed by the turning and worker rollers 6, 7 on the drum 11 and the fibers are dissolved and aligned to form a fiber web 20.

In the exemplary embodiment, the fiber web is removed from the drum 11 by two take-off rollers 14 with the same diameter and the same speed.

The following exemplary embodiment relates to the configuration of an exemplary card with a working width of 2.5 m. The diameter of the rollers is given without the height of the clothing. Roller pos. Roller diameter [mm] Speed [m / min] Direction of roll rotation 3 413 480 right 4th 1500 1750 right 7th 550 300 Left 8th 850 300 Left 9 413 405 Left 10 413 405 Left 11 1500 1750 right 14th 550 550 Left

Because the take-off rollers 7, 8 have the same speed and the transfer rollers 9, 10 are also operated at the same peripheral speed, the same distortion or the same compression always takes place for both layers of fiber web. The increase in the roller diameter of the transfer rollers 9, 10 enables operation at a lower peripheral speed, as a result of which the centrifugal forces acting on the fiber web are lower than in the prior art. The card can be operated with a higher productivity with a high carding quality.

The transfer of the two layers of batt 20 from the transfer rollers 9, 10 to the reel 11 is facilitated by the fact that a trough 12 chambers the transfer points of the batt on four rollers and thus holds the batt on the rollers. The transfer area from the lower take-off roller 8 to the transfer roller 10, from the transfer roller 10 to the reel 11 and from the transfer roller 9 to the reel 11 are hereby chambered, whereby the layers of fiber web are guided precisely. The trough 12 thus has four concave curves which engage in the outer circumference of the doffer roller 8, the two transfer rollers 9, 10 and the main cylinder 11. The free gap for the fiber web to run through must be kept very narrow, since this carding device is intended to produce particularly light fiber webs at high speed. The manufacturing and assembly tolerances of the rollers are decisive for the carding quality, in particular because the trough gaps should also be constant over a working width of, for example, 5 m. For this purpose, the trough 12 has an adjustable segment 12b on the connection side to the reel, with which the contact angle and distance to the reel 11 can be adjusted.

Figure 2 shows a detailed representation of the trough 12, which consists of a fixed segment 12a and at least one adjustable segment 12b. Both segments 12a, 12b can be flexibly connected to one another and have a separating joint 12c. The fixed segment 12a is arranged on a housing or frame (not shown) between the lower stripper roller 8, the upper transfer roller 9 and the lower transfer roller 10 by means of one or more fastenings 30. The distance between the segment 12a and the rollers 8, 9 and 10 in the vertical and horizontal direction can be adjusted via various setting elements 31, so that a constant gap is created between each roller 8, 9, 10 and the segment 12a, the gap sizes for example between the transfer roller 9 and the segment 12a can be set smaller than between the stripper roller 8 and the segment 12a. An adjustable segment 12b is connected to a fastening 32, the fastening 32 also being arranged on a machine housing or frame (not shown) in the area of the main cylinder 11. This fastening 32 can also be vertically and horizontally spaced from the drum 11 with adjusting elements 33 can be set. The adjustable segment 12b forms the trough gap to the drum 11 and a partial gap to the transfer rollers 9 and 10.

With the adjustable trough 12 according to the invention, a gap of, for example, 1.5 mm to 5 mm, which is constant over the working width, can be set between the segment 12b and the drum 11. The gaps between the segment 12a and the rollers 8, 9 or 10 can be set differently to a size of 2 mm to 9 mm.

Reference number

1

Clutter

1a

Inlet side

1b

Outlet side

2

roller

3

roller

4th

Pulley

5

Turning roller

6th

Worker roll

7th

Take-off roller

8th

Take-off roller

9

Transfer roller

10

Transfer roller

11

Reel

12th

trough

12a

segment

12b

segment

12c

Parting line

14th

Take-off roller

15, 15 '

Edging roller

16

Transfer roller

17th

Conveyor belt

20th

Fiber pile

30th

Attachment

31

Adjustment element

32

Attachment

33

Adjustment element

Claims (12)

1. A roller card having an entry side (1a) for fibre tufts, which are fed to a pre-opener (4) and opened to individual fibres and aligned, wherein a first layer of fibre web is transferred to a transfer roll (9) by means of an upper doffer roll (7) and then onto a tambour (11), wherein a second layer of fibre web is transferred to a transfer roll (10) by means of a lower doffer roll (8) and then onto the tambour (11), wherein at least one layer of fibre web is drawn from a discharge side (1b) of the roller card by means of at least one doffer roll (14) for further treatment, characterized in that the transfer rolls (9, 10) have the same diameter, and in that the lower doffer roll (8) has a diameter 50 percent larger than the upper doffer roll (7), wherein the two doffer rolls (7, 8) are specified for being operated at the same peripheral speed.
2. The roller card according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer rolls (9, 10) have at least a diameter of 350 mm, preferably of at least 380 mm, particularly preferred of at least 400 mm.
3. The roller card according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer rolls (9, 10) are adapted for being operated at the same speed.
4. The roller card according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper doffer roll (7) has a diameter of at least 450 mm.
5. The roller card according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doffer rolls (7, 8) are specified for being operated at a lower peripheral speed than the transfer rolls (9, 10).
6. The roller card according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-opener (4) has at least the same diameter as the tambour (11).
7. The roller card according to claim 1, characterized in that a tray (12) with the lower doffer roll (8), the two transfer rolls (9, 10) and the tambour (11) forms at least partially a clearance for guiding the fibre web.
8. The roller card according to claim 7, characterized in that the tray (12) extends continuously across the working width of the roller card and includes three concave areas, which together with the associated rolls (8, 9, 10) form a clearance for guiding the fibre web, wherein the tray (12) includes a fourth concave area, which forms an adjustable clearance to a fourth roll (11).
9. The roller card according to claim 8, characterized in that the tray (12) includes a first and a second segments (12a, 12b), wherein the second segment (12b) includes a device for adjusting the clearance to the fourth roll (11).
10. The roller card according to claim 9, characterized in that the first segment (12a), with which the clearance is formed with three rolls (8, 9, 10), is adjustably attached to a machine housing or a frame of the roller card.
11. The roller card according to claim 9, characterized in that the second segment (12b), with which the clearance is formed towards the fourth roll (11), is adjustably attached to a machine housing or a frame of the roller card.
12. The roller card according to claim 9 to 11, characterized in that the second segment (12b), at least partially, forms a clearance for guiding the fibre web with two further rolls (9, 10).

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