CN117822155A

CN117822155A - Carding machine

Info

Publication number: CN117822155A
Application number: CN202410149982.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 博多·赫特克斯; 斯文·汤姆森; 君特·略弗; 金斯·沃福; 海科·思科弩特
Original assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Current assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Priority date: 2017-03-31
Filing date: 2018-03-20
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Also published as: EP3382070B1; DE102017112927B3; EP3686327A1; EP3382070A2; CN108691036A; EP3686327B1; EP3382070A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a carding machine having a feed side (1 a) for fibre fleece, which is fed to a pre-carding drum (4) and is unwound until individual fibres are formed and oriented, wherein a first layer of fibre fleece is fed by means of a doffer (7) onto a transfer roller (9) and then onto a cylinder (11), wherein a second layer of fibre fleece is fed by means of a doffer (8) onto a transfer roller (10) and then onto the cylinder (11), wherein at least one layer of fibre fleece is removed from the discharge side (1 b) of the carding machine by means of at least one doffer (14) for further processing. The invention is characterized in that the transfer rollers (9, 10) have the same diameter. The lower doffer (8) has a diameter which is approximately 50% greater than the upper doffer (7), wherein the two doffers (7, 8) are designed to run at the same peripheral speed. Furthermore, the invention comprises a bottom for use in a carding machine.

Description

Carding machine

The present application is a divisional application of patent application of European company of the applicant company of the Japanese Lv Cishi Lei, the invention name of which is "carding machine", the application date of which is 2018, 03, 20 and the application number of which is 2018102309376.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a carding machine having a feed side for fibre fleece which is fed to a pre-carding cylinder and is unwound until individual fibres are formed and oriented, wherein a first layer of fibre fleece is transferred by means of an upper doffer to a transfer roller and then onto a cylinder, wherein a second layer of fibre fleece is transferred by means of a lower doffer to the transfer roller and then onto the cylinder, wherein at least one layer of fibre fleece is removed from the discharge side of the carding machine by means of at least one doffer for further processing. The invention further relates to an associated drain base.

Background

The fleece of fibers is unwound on a carding machine until individual fibers are formed. The resulting web is generally made of fibers aligned in a particular direction, which can be specified, for example, by the machine direction (Machine Direction =md). The web has high stability in the machine Direction, but the stability is small in the Cross Direction (CD). The longitudinal orientation of the fibers can be counteracted, for example, by influencing the gap between the cylinder and the work roll or by compacting the web discharged from the cylinder at different working speeds. However, the compaction process increases the weight per unit area of the resulting web and thus reduces the production speed of the apparatus because the length of the resulting fiber bundles is reduced.

Classical carding machines have a cylinder from which the web can be removed in one or two positions. In order to increase the loosening of the fibre mass, carding machines are known which have a pre-carding cylinder (pre-carding cylinder), which can likewise be equipped with a working roller and a stripping roller, increasing the carding efficiency at the same speed. Here, the pre-comb has a smaller diameter than the cylinder. There is also a significant difference in the transfer of the web from the pre-comb onto the cylinder, since the transfer of the web can take place with one or two transfer rolls, which according to the prior art likewise still have different diameters.

EP 0188177 B1 describes a double carding machine with a pre-carding cylinder of small diameter and a large needle cylinder, wherein the transfer of the web from the pre-carding cylinder onto the needle cylinder takes place with two intermediate doffers of different diameters (double transfer). Efficiency improvement cannot be achieved in this way because the intermediate doffer cannot completely remove the web from the pre-comb. Up to 35% of fiber residue is produced, which additionally loads the pre-comb cylinder in the comb.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a carding machine with high carding efficiency and good mixing of fibers.

According to the technical teaching of the invention, the carding machine comprises a feed side for fibre fleece which is fed to a pre-carding cylinder and is unwound until individual fibres are formed and oriented, wherein a first layer of web is transferred by means of an upper doffer to a transfer roller and then onto a cylinder, wherein a second layer of web is transferred by means of a lower doffer to the transfer roller and then onto the cylinder, wherein at least one layer of web is removed from the discharge side of the carding machine by means of at least one doffer for further processing.

The invention is characterized in that the transfer rollers have the same diameter. The transfer rolls may preferably be run at the same speed, whereby two separate web layers having the same stretch or the same compression may be received or transferred. Thus, the transfer roller also transfers the same number of fibers.

The transfer roller preferably has a diameter of at least 350mm, preferably at least 380mm, particularly preferably at least 400mm. The increase in diameter of the transfer roll reduces the circumferential speed at which the web is transported further. The decrease in circumferential velocity reduces the centrifugal force acting on the fibers. Thereby reducing fiber fly and improving productivity at high carding quality.

In a preferred embodiment, the lower doffer has a diameter that is about 50% greater than the upper doffer, wherein both doffers are designed to operate at the same circumferential speed. By this constructive arrangement, a positional space for the enlarged transfer roller is provided. Separate web layers having the same stretch or the same compression are received from the pre-comb by running the upper and lower doffers at the same circumferential speed and transferred to the transfer roll.

The upper doffer preferably has a diameter of at least 450 mm. Thus, the web can also be transported at a reduced circumferential speed.

The doffer has a peripheral speed less than the transfer roll, whereby the web is stretched stepwise after the doffer into the cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment, the pre-comb has at least the same diameter as the syringe. Increasing the diameter of the pre-comb to at least the diameter of the needle cylinder achieves a space for increasing the transfer roller so that the transfer roller can be operated at a smaller circumferential speed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a drop-off bottom is installed in the carding machine, which extends through the entire working area, wherein the drop-off bottom forms at least in part with the doffer, the two transfer rolls and the needle cylinder a gap for guiding the web. The bottom leakage enables a safe guiding of the web onto the roll, especially when the web is light and the carding machine speed is high.

The bottom for use in a carding machine according to the invention extends uninterrupted through the working area of the carding machine and has three concave areas which, together with the associated rollers, form a gap for guiding the web.

The invention is characterized in that the drain base has a fourth concave region which forms an adjustable gap with respect to the fourth roller. Because the leakage bottom can extend through a 5m working area, small machining tolerances and installation errors have an effect on irregular gaps, which worsen the transfer of the web from one roll to the next. With adjustability of the gap relative to the fourth roller, the installation can be simplified and the regular gap on all four rollers can be adjusted.

The bottom preferably has a first and a second section, wherein the second section has means for adjusting the gap relative to the fourth roller. The division into mutually separate sections enables simple machining and very precise adjustability of the leakage bottom.

The first section is adjustably fastened to the machine housing or the support of the carding machine, with which section a gap is formed with the three rollers. The leaky floor section is thus mounted between the three rollers and is adjusted with regular gaps.

The second section is fastened to the machine housing or the support of the carding machine in an adjustable manner relative to the first section, with which section a gap is formed relative to the fourth roller. The two sections together form a complete leakage bottom which can be adjusted towards the four rollers. The second section at least partially forms a slit for guiding the web with two rollers. The contours of the two concave regions thus, although having an interruption in the leakage floor caused by the installation gap, still guide the web continuously in the gap.

Drawings

The invention is further elucidated below with the aid of possible schematically shown embodiments.

The figure shows:

FIG. 1 shows a carding machine with a double transfer mechanism according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows a leak bottom for the web to syringe transfer area.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a carding machine 1 according to the invention, which is configured as a carding machine with a double transfer mechanism and has a feed side 1a for fibre fleece and one or more discharge sides 1b for a fibre web 20. A not-shown feeder, for example a vibrating chute feeder, is mounted upstream of the feed side 1a of the carding machine 1, with which the fleece is placed on a not-shown conveyor belt. Instead of a vibrating slideway feeder, the carding machine 1 may also be equipped with a carding machine with an integrated fibre material thickness measuring device, in which the weight is measured by means of the fibre material thickness measuring device, or the fibre fleece is fed to the carding machine 1 by means of a direct feeding device.

In the carding machine 1, the fibre fleece is fed on the feed side 1a to the device and via the rollers 2, 3 to a pre-carding cylinder 4, in which the fibre fleece is unwound in a first stage until it is individual fibres and oriented. During transport of the fibre fleece on the pre-comb 4, the stripping and working rolls 5, 6 hold the fibres on the pre-comb 4, thus forming a first web 20. A layer of web is taken out of the pre-comb 4 by the first doffer 7 and fed to the cylinder 11 by the upper transfer roll 9. The second web is removed from pre-comb 4 by second doffer 8 and transferred to cylinder 11 by lower transfer roll 10. Further loosening and orientation of the fleece relative to the web takes place on the cylinder 11, wherein the stripping and working rolls 5, 6 also hold the fibers on the cylinder 11 here, thus forming the web 20. The web 20 is placed onto two conveyor belts 17 by means of two doffers 14, pinch rollers 15 and transfer rollers 16 and is then gathered together in the discharge side 1b into a single web and further processed. In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 rotates clockwise (rightward) and transfers the resulting web 20 to the upper and lower doffers 14, which rotate in opposite directions (leftward). In order to be able to transfer web 20 from cylinder 11 to doffer 14, a very small gap is created between cylinder 11 and doffer 14. Furthermore, the surface of the doffer 14 is designed such that a form-locking can be produced between the roller surface and the fibers to be conveyed. One or more pinch rollers 15,15' and a take-off mechanism in the form of a revolving conveyor belt 17, which may optionally be equipped with one or more transfer rollers 16, are connected to the doffer 14. The carding machine 1 shown in fig. 1 is equipped with a lower and an upper draw-off mechanism and can thereby produce a separate two-layer web 20. It is of course also possible to equip the card 1 with only one or more than two take-out mechanisms. Alternatively to this embodiment, further rollers, which may be configured as unoriented rollers, may be installed between the needle cylinder 11 and the doffer 14, respectively. The unoriented rolls create a special unoriented layer in the web 20 by its peripheral speed, direction of rotation and tooth position, which is compressed and redirected by the following doffer and pinch rolls 14, 15'.

The invention is distinguished in that the transfer rollers 9, 10 are enlarged compared to the prior art and in that both transfer rollers have the same diameter and run at the same speed. As the diameter is increased to at least 350mm, the circumferential speed and thus the centrifugal force on the fibers is reduced, thereby reducing fiber wadding. The transfer rollers 9, 10 preferably have a diameter of at least 380mm, particularly preferably at least 400mm. The two transfer rolls have the same diameter, whereby the two transfer rolls also transfer the same amount of web. Running the two transfer rolls 9, 10 at the same speed ensures the same stretch in transferring the web onto the cylinder 11.

In order to create a position for the enlarged transfer rollers 9, 10 based on the given conditions of the construction, the upper doffer 7 has a smaller diameter than the lower doffer 8, wherein both run at the same circumferential speed. The lower doffer 8 preferably has a diameter that is about 50% greater than the upper doffer 7. The two doffers 7, 8 advantageously have the same circumferential speed. Based on the relationship of the diameter of the upper doffer 7 relative to the lower doffer 8, fiber residue on the pre-comb cylinder 4 can be reduced. The lower doffer 8 preferably has a diameter of at least 650mm and the upper doffer 7 has a diameter of at least 450 mm.

The pre-comb 4 preferably has at least the same diameter as the needle cylinder, wherein the needle cylinder 11 can be operated at the same or higher circumferential speed. Increasing the diameter of the pre-comb cylinder 4 to at least the diameter of the cylinder 11 achieves the described positional space relationship with minimal structural expenditure, whereby the transfer rollers 9, 10 can be increased so that both run at a smaller circumferential speed.

The two doffers 7, 8 have a much smaller circumferential velocity than the pre-comb 4, whereby a regular hold-down is performed in each layer of web.

As the web is transferred from the doffers 7, 8 to the transfer rollers 9, 10, the web is drawn again because the transfer rollers 9, 10 have a higher circumferential speed. Advantageously, the transfer rollers 9, 10 likewise have the same diameter. The two webs are drawn identically based on the same peripheral speed of the doffers 7, 8 and the same peripheral speed of the transfer rolls 9, 10. Further drafting of the web takes place on transfer from the transfer rolls 9, 10 onto the cylinder 11, wherein the peripheral speed of the transfer rolls 9, 10 is identical, but the peripheral speed of the cylinder 11 has a value of at least three times. Next, the webs are further layered on the cylinder 11 by the stripper and work rolls 5, 6 and the fibers are unwound into a web 20 and oriented.

In this embodiment the web is removed from cylinder 11 by two doffers 14 having the same diameter and the same speed.

The following examples relate to an exemplary card configuration having a 2.5m working area. The diameter of the roller is given without the clothing height.

Roller position	Roller diameter [ mm]	Speed [ m/min]	Direction of rotation of roller
				3	413	480	To the right
4	1500	1750	To the right
				7	550	300	To the left
8	850	300	To the left
				9	413	405	To the left
10	413	405	To the left
				11	1500	1750	To the right
14	550	550	To the left

The doffers 7, 8 have the same speed and the transfer rolls 9, 10 also run at the same circumferential speed, whereby the same stretching or the same compression is always performed for both webs. The increase in roller diameter of the transfer rollers 9, 10 enables running at a smaller circumferential speed, whereby the centrifugal force acting on the web is smaller than in the prior art. The carding machine can be operated with higher production efficiency at high carding quality.

Thereby, it is advantageous to transfer the two-layer web 20 from the transfer rolls 9, 10 onto the cylinder 11 in such a way that the drop-bottom 12 branches off the transfer position of the web on the four rolls and thus holds the web on the rolls. The transfer zone from doffer 8 to transfer roller 10, from transfer roller 10 to cylinder 11, and from transfer roller 9 to cylinder 11 is thus split, thereby accurately guiding the web layer. The drain bottom 12 thus has four concave circles which engage into the outer circumference of the doffer 8, the two transfer rollers 9, 10 and the cylinder 11. In this case, the exposed gap for passing through the web must be kept very narrow, since with this carding machine, in particular a lightweight web should be produced at high speed. In this case, the processing errors and the mounting errors of the roller are decisive for the carding quality, in particular because the gap for the bottom should also be constant over a working width of, for example, 5 m. For this purpose, the drain base 12 has an adjustable section 12b on the connection side with respect to the needle cylinder, with which the contact angle and distance with respect to the needle cylinder 11 can be adjusted.

Fig. 2 shows a detail of the drain base 12, which consists of a fixed section 12a and at least one adjustable section 12 b. The two sections 12a, 12b can be flexibly connected to one another and have a parting line 12c. The fixed section 12a is mounted by means of one or more fasteners 30 on a not shown housing or bracket between the lower doffer 8, the upper transfer roller 9 and the lower transfer roller 10. The distance of the section 12a relative to the rollers 8, 9 and 10 can be adjusted in the vertical and horizontal directions by means of different adjusting elements 31, so that a constant gap between each roller 8, 9, 10 and the section 12a is produced, wherein, for example, the gap between the transfer roller 9 and the section 12a can be adjusted to be smaller than the gap between the doffer 8 and the section 12 a. Adjustable section 12b is connected to a fastener 32, fastener 32 likewise being mounted on a machine housing or carrier, not shown, in the region of needle cylinder 11. The spacing of the fasteners 32 relative to the barrel 11 may also be adjusted vertically and horizontally using adjustment elements 33. The adjustable section 12b forms a bottom-leakage gap with respect to the cylinder 11 and a partial gap with respect to the transfer rollers 9 and 10.

With the adjustable leakage bottom 12 according to the invention, a constant gap of, for example, 1.5mm to 5mm over the working area can be produced between the section 12b and the needle cylinder 11. The gap between the section 12a and the roller 8, 9 or 10 can be adjusted differently to a size of 2mm to 9 mm.

Reference numerals

1. Carding machine

1a feed side

1b discharge side

2. Roller

3. Roller

4. Pre-carding tube

5. Stripping roller

6. Working roll

7. Doffer

8. Doffer

9. Transfer roller

10. Transfer roller

11. Needle cylinder

12. Bottom leakage

12a section

12b segment

12c parting joint

14. Doffer

15,15' pinch roller

16. Conveying roller

17. Conveyor belt

20. Fiber web

30. Fastening piece

31. Adjusting element

32. Fastening piece

33. An adjusting element.

Claims

1. Carding machine with a feed side (1 a) for fibre fleece, which is fed to a pre-carding drum (4) and is unwound until individual fibres are formed and oriented, wherein a first layer of fibre fleece is transferred by means of a doffer (7) to a transfer roller (9) and then onto a cylinder (11), wherein a second layer of fibre fleece is transferred by means of a doffer (8) to a transfer roller (10) and then onto the cylinder (11), wherein at least one layer of fibre fleece is removed from the discharge side (1 b) of the carding machine by means of at least one doffer (14) for further processing, characterized in that the transfer rollers (9, 10) have the same diameter, the doffer (8) has a diameter of more than about 50% of the doffer (7), wherein the two doffers (7, 8) are designed to run at the same circumferential speed.

2. Carding machine according to claim 1, wherein the transfer rollers (9, 10) have a diameter of at least 350 mm.

3. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transfer rollers (9, 10) are designed to run at the same speed.

4. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the doffer (7) has a diameter of at least 450 mm.

5. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the doffer (7, 8) has a peripheral speed which is smaller than the transfer roller (9, 10).

6. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pre-comb cylinder (4) has at least the same diameter as the needle cylinder (11).

7. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a bottom (12) forms, at least partly, with the lower doffer (8), the two transfer rolls (9, 10) and the needle cylinder (11), slits for guiding the web.

8. Carding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the drop-out bottom (12) extends uninterrupted through the working area of the carding machine and has three concave areas which, together with the associated rollers (8, 9, 10), form a gap for guiding the web, wherein the drop-out bottom (12) has a fourth concave area which forms an adjustable gap with respect to the fourth roller (11).

9. Carding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the drop bottom (12) has a first and a second section (12 a, 12 b), wherein the second section (12 b) has means for adjusting the gap with respect to the fourth roller (11).

10. Carding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the first section (12 a) is adjustably fastened to the machine housing or frame of the carding machine, with which section the gap with the three rollers (8, 9, 10) is formed.

11. Carding machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the second section (12 b) is adjustably fastened to the machine housing or frame of the carding machine, with the aid of which a gap is formed with respect to the fourth roller (11).

12. Carding machine according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the second section (12 b) forms at least partially a slit for guiding the web with the other two rollers (9, 10).

13. Carding machine according to claim 1, wherein the transfer rollers (9, 10) have a diameter of at least 380 mm.

14. Carding machine according to claim 1, wherein the transfer rollers (9, 10) have a diameter of at least 400mm.