EP3376031B1 - Pompe de rotation ajustable à usure réduite - Google Patents

Pompe de rotation ajustable à usure réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3376031B1
EP3376031B1 EP18170712.6A EP18170712A EP3376031B1 EP 3376031 B1 EP3376031 B1 EP 3376031B1 EP 18170712 A EP18170712 A EP 18170712A EP 3376031 B1 EP3376031 B1 EP 3376031B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding
actuating member
rotary pump
pump according
track
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18170712.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3376031A1 (fr
Inventor
Christof Lamparski
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Schwaebische Huettenwerke Automotive GmbH
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Schwaebische Huettenwerke Automotive GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
    • F04C14/185—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by varying the useful pumping length of the cooperating members in the axial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/90—Improving properties of machine parts
    • F04C2230/91—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/90—Alloys not otherwise provided for
    • F05C2201/903—Aluminium alloy, e.g. AlCuMgPb F34,37
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0869—Aluminium oxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/04—PTFE [PolyTetraFluorEthylene]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/06—Polyamides, e.g. NYLON
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/12—Polyetheretherketones, e.g. PEEK
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/10—Hardness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/14—Self lubricating materials; Solid lubricants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49236—Fluid pump or compressor making
    • Y10T29/49242—Screw or gear type, e.g., Moineau type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary pump with an adjustable, preferably controllable delivery volume and a method for its production.
  • the rotary pump can in particular be used as a lubricating oil pump for supplying lubricating oil to an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle engine.
  • Lubricating oil pumps in motor vehicles are driven as a function of the speed of the engine to be supplied with lubricating oil, usually directly or via a mechanical transmission from the engine.
  • the speed of the pump increases accordingly with the speed of the motor.
  • rotary pumps have a constant specific delivery volume, ie deliver essentially the same amount of liquid per revolution at any speed, the delivery volume increases proportionally with the pump speed. Up to a certain limit speed, the demand of the motor also increases roughly proportionally to the motor speed, but kinks or at least flattens out after the limit speed is reached, so that the rotary pump delivers above demand when the limit speed is exceeded. Adjustable rotary pumps have been developed so that the excess flow rate does not have to be routed to a reservoir with losses.
  • adjustable rotary pumps inner-axis and outer-axis gear pumps are from the DE 102 22 131 B4 known.
  • Adjustable vane pumps are also known.
  • the pumps each include a reciprocating actuator.
  • the feed rotor is either a gear or an impeller.
  • the eccentricity between two meshing gears or the eccentricity between the impeller and the actuator is adjusted according to the needs of the consumer by the movement of the adjusting member.
  • With external-axis gear pumps the axial length of engagement of two gearwheels is adjusted.
  • an actuating force is applied to the respective actuator, for example directly with the high-pressure fluid.
  • a spring member counteracts the actuating force.
  • pumps of the type mentioned which are increasingly made of light metal alloys, in particular aluminum alloys, the surfaces of the pump housing and the actuator that are in frictional contact are surprisingly subject to particular wear and tear and determine the service life of the pump.
  • the DE 102 22 131 B4 relates to a displacement pump with delivery volume adjustment. It is a gear pump in which one gear can be shifted linearly relative to the other gear in order to vary the delivery line.
  • the DE 10 2004 033 968 A1 relates to a coating for heavy-duty tribological surfaces of moving components, such as a piston of an internal combustion engine. A lubricating varnish or a coating made of detachable conductor polymers is proposed as coatings.
  • the DE 42 00 305 A1 relates to a controllable vane pump with an adjusting ring which can be pivoted in a housing.
  • the invention is based on a rotary pump of the positive displacement type, which comprises a housing with a delivery chamber, a delivery rotor rotatable about an axis of rotation in the delivery chamber, and at least one actuator that can be moved back and forth in the housing.
  • the actuator can surround the conveyor rotor or preferably be arranged on an end face of the conveyor rotor.
  • An actuator surrounding the feed rotor can be provided in particular in the case of internal-axis pumps, for example gerotor pumps and vane pumps, and as a rotatably mounted eccentric ring, as shown in FIG DE 102 22 131 B4 or the EP 0 846 861 B1 known or formed as a lifting ring.
  • an actuator is preferred, as known from external gear pumps, for example the DE 102 22 131 B4 , is arranged on an end face of the feed rotor and axially seals the feed chamber on the relevant end face.
  • Such an actuator forms an actuating piston which can be axially moved back and forth along the axis of rotation of the feed wheel.
  • An actuator surrounding the conveyor rotor is rotatably or pivotably mounted, but can alternatively also be mounted so as to be linearly movable.
  • the delivery chamber has a low-pressure side and a high-pressure side. At least one inlet is arranged on the low-pressure side and at least one outlet for a fluid to be conveyed is arranged on the high-pressure side.
  • the low pressure side of the delivery chamber and the entire upstream part of the system in which the pump is installed form the low pressure side of the pump.
  • the high pressure side of the delivery chamber and the entire downstream part of the system connected to it form the high pressure side of the pump.
  • the low-pressure side extends up to a reservoir for the fluid, and the high-pressure side extends up to at least the most downstream consumption point which requires high fluid pressure.
  • the actuator can be acted upon in the direction of its movability with an actuating force which depends on the pressure of the fluid on the high-pressure side of the pump or on another variable of the system that is decisive for the requirement.
  • the pressure can be taken directly at the outlet of the delivery chamber or a downstream pump outlet or from a point further downstream in the system, for example the last point of consumption.
  • the temperature of the fluid or a component in the system in which the pump is installed for example an engine temperature, can flow into the formation of the actuating force. If necessary, other or further physical quantities are used to determine the actuating force.
  • the actuating force can be generated by means of an additional actuator, for example an electric motor.
  • the actuator can be acted upon directly by the pressure of the fluid, ie it is acted upon by the pressure fluid when the pump is in operation.
  • the actuator in particular in embodiments in which it is acted upon by the pressurized fluid, the actuator is acted upon with an elastic force counteracting the actuating force.
  • the elastic force is generated by an elastic member, preferably a mechanical spring.
  • the actuator is in sliding contact with the housing, in that the housing forms a track and the actuator forms an actuator sliding surface and the actuator is guided by the track in the sliding contact by means of its sliding surface.
  • the actuator can also be guided in another way, for example in a swivel joint, but more preferably it is only guided by the track.
  • the actuator is at least substantially formed from the plastic sliding material that forms the actuator sliding surface.
  • the raceway is preferably formed from a sliding material.
  • the sliding material can in particular be a plastic, a ceramic material, a nitride, a nickel-phosphorus compound, a sliding varnish, a DLC coating, a Ferroprint coating or a nano-coating.
  • the sliding material can form a surface coating.
  • a housing part forming the raceway can consist exclusively or at least essentially of the sliding material.
  • both the actuator sliding surface and the raceway consist of a sliding material, either the same or a different sliding material. Reductions in wear are, however, already achieved if either only the actuator sliding surface or only the raceway consists of the sliding material, preference being given to the use of the sliding material for the actuator sliding surface.
  • Adhesion can in particular be the friction mechanism that determines wear if the friction partners in sliding contact are so smooth that the friction mechanism of the furrowing or abrasion takes a back seat.
  • the actuating elements arranged on the end faces of the axially movable delivery rotor, namely the two actuating pistons are subject to considerable frictional wear.
  • the adjustment movements required for setting the delivery volume cannot cause vibration wear.
  • the adjustment movements are too slow.
  • oscillations with short strokes and a much higher frequency compared to the control movements are superimposed on the adjustment movements.
  • Adhesion therefore occurs between the sliding surfaces of the actuators and the track of the pump housing, with the result that material welds occur locally, which are broken free by the adjustment movements.
  • the sliding partners d. H. the sliding surface of the actuator or several actuators and the raceway or several raceways of the housing, designed in such a way that the tendency to adhesion in the friction system is significantly reduced compared to the aluminum alloy surfaces customary for the sliding partners.
  • the sliding material is advantageously chosen so that it has an adhesion energy or free surface energy that is at most half as large as the adhesion energy of pure aluminum. This condition is met in particular by plastic materials and ceramic materials, preferably metal oxide ceramics, but also by the other sliding materials mentioned above.
  • the adhesion energy or binding free energy increases with the density of the free electrons. The requirement for a low adhesion energy is therefore met by materials with a low density of free electrons.
  • a group of materials particularly suitable as sliding material are temperature-resistant thermoplastics.
  • the polymer or the possibly several polymers of the plastic sliding material is / are advantageously slide modified, ie the plastic contains a sliding additive which improves the sliding properties.
  • Such a sliding material is also ideally suited in cases in which only one of the sliding partners of the friction system consists of sliding material.
  • a preferred sliding additive is graphite.
  • a polymer from the group of fluoropolymers is particularly suitable as a sliding additive.
  • a preferred example from this group is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • the polymer, copolymer, polymer mixture or polymer blend are particularly preferred as Additive both graphite and at least one fluoropolymer, preferably PTFE, mixed in.
  • the proportion of the sliding additive should be at least 10% by weight in total, more preferably the proportion of the sliding additive is a total of 20% ⁇ 5%. If different materials form the sliding additive, the individual proportions should be at least essentially the same.
  • Plastic sliding materials are preferred which contain 10 ⁇ 2% by weight of graphite and 10 ⁇ 2% by weight of fluoropolymer.
  • the addition of fiber material is also seen as advantageous, preference being given to carbon fibers as the fiber material. Glass fibers should not be added since they can form fine needle points on the surface of the sliding layer formed from the sliding material and therefore impair the sliding properties.
  • the plastic sliding material preferably contains 10 ⁇ 5% by weight, more preferably 10 ⁇ 3% by weight, fiber material.
  • the actuator is formed from the plastic sliding material, preferably by injection molding. In such designs, it is preferably made of plastic. In principle, however, insert parts can be embedded in the plastic; In this sense, the actuator consists at least essentially of the plastic sliding material.
  • a housing part that forms the track can also be formed from the plastic sliding material, preferably by injection molding and solely from the plastic or, in the above sense, at least essentially consist of the plastic.
  • the housing is formed from a metal, preferably a light metal, and the track is formed by an insert part made from the plastic sliding material, preferably a bushing.
  • the actuator and a housing part forming the raceway can each be formed from the plastic sliding material.
  • the actuator consists at least essentially of the plastic sliding material, while the raceway is formed by a plastic sliding material or possibly another sliding material only as a surface coating or as an uncoated metal surface.
  • At least one of the sliding surfaces in sliding contact is formed by a thin sliding layer.
  • the actuator or the housing part forming the raceway consists of a different material under the surface sliding layer, namely a carrier material.
  • the carrier material can in particular be a metal, preferably a light metal.
  • Candidates for light metals are mainly aluminum, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys.
  • both sliding surfaces are preferably formed as superficial sliding layers, each made of a sliding material with a significantly lower adhesion energy than aluminum or magnesium. If only one of the sliding surfaces of the two sliding partners consists of the sliding material, it is preferably the sliding surface of the actuator.
  • a combination of a first and a second embodiment is also advantageous, in which the actuator or the housing part forming the raceway, preferably the insert part, consists at least essentially of plastic and the other part has a surface layer made of the sliding material, for example also made of plastic or a ceramic material having.
  • the superficial sliding layer can be formed by applying the sliding material or by converting the carrier material.
  • Plastic sliding material is applied, preferably the blank formed from the carrier material is encapsulated with the plastic.
  • the plastic sliding material should have a thermal elongation that comes as close as possible to the elongation of the carrier material.
  • a metal oxide ceramic sliding layer or a nitride layer is created.
  • the carrier material is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the sliding layer is preferably obtained by anodizing.
  • anodizing in particular a so-called Hardcoat ® -Gleit Anlagen (HC layer), or more preferably a so-called Hardcoat ® can -Glatt sliding layer (HC-GL layer) are formed.
  • Hardcoat ® smooth electrolytes consist of a mixture of oxalic acid and additives. Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is usually used to produce Hardcoat ® layers. Anodic oxidation processes for creating a metal-ceramic sliding layer comparable to Al 2 O 3 sliding layers, for example the so-called DOW process, are also known for magnesium and magnesium alloys as carrier material. PTFE is preferably distributed in the ceramic sliding layer; the ceramic is, so to speak, impregnated with PTFE.
  • the housing or even just a housing part forming the raceway can, as already mentioned, be formed in particular from aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the housing or the relevant housing part is preferably cast.
  • the aluminum alloy is therefore preferably a cast aluminum alloy.
  • the actuator does not consist at least essentially of plastic sliding material, it is preferably formed from aluminum or an aluminum alloy, preferably a cast alloy, preferably by casting and subsequent extrusion or by sintering and calibrating. It applies to both the housing part and the actuator that the respective aluminum alloy preferably contains 10 ⁇ 2% by weight silicon.
  • the respective alloy preferably also contains copper, but in a proportion of at most 4% by weight, preferably at most 3% by weight. It can also contain a small amount of iron.
  • the housing part preferably also other parts of the housing, is or are preferably formed by sand casting or die casting, with die casting primarily being suitable for larger series and sand casting for smaller series. Chill casting can also be used instead of sand casting.
  • a particularly preferred alloy for the housing part and also for the housing as a whole is AlSi8Cu3, if it is sand-cast or Chill casting is formed, and AISi9Cu3 plus a small amount of Fe, if it is formed by die casting.
  • Nitrides preferred as sliding material are titanium carbonitride (TiCN) and in particular nitrided steel.
  • TiCN titanium carbonitride
  • TiCN is used as a surface coating on a light metal carrier material. If nitrided steel forms the sliding material, the corresponding steel is preferably the carrier material.
  • the actuator can be formed from the steel and the actuator sliding surface can be made from the nitrided steel.
  • a particularly preferred sliding pairing is Hardcoat ® ceramic or Hardcoat ® smooth ceramic for one sliding partner and nitrided steel for the other sliding partner.
  • the ceramic sliding material of this pairing can contain PTFE, but low wear is achieved even if only the ceramic is used.
  • a sliding pairing made of Hardcoat ® or Hardcoat ® smooth ceramic with sintered tin bronze is also an alternative, although only a conditionally preferred one with regard to thermal expansion.
  • a DLC sliding layer can in particular be produced by plasma coating.
  • Bonded coatings are also suitable sliding materials, whereby it also applies to bonded coatings that although a reduction in wear is achieved when only one of the sliding partners is coated, preference is given to a bonded coating of both sliding partners of the friction system.
  • a combination of a sliding varnish for one and a plastic material for the other sliding partner is also an advantageous solution.
  • the bonded coating consists of an organic or inorganic binder, one or more solid lubricants and additives. Particularly suitable solid lubricants are MoS 2 , graphite or PTFE, individually or in combination.
  • the surface to be coated is pretreated, in that a phosphate layer is expediently formed on the surface to be coated.
  • a special anti-friction coating is Ferroprint, which contains fine steel plates as a solid lubricant.
  • nano-phosphorus compounds in particular can form the sliding layer.
  • FIG 1 shows an external gear pump in a cross section.
  • a conveyor chamber is formed in which two externally toothed conveyor rotors 1 and 2 in the form of externally toothed gears are rotatably mounted about parallel axes of rotation R 1 and R 2.
  • the conveyor rotor 1 is driven in rotation, for example by the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the conveying rotors 1 and 2 are in meshing engagement with one another, so that when the conveying rotor 1 is driven in rotation, the conveying rotor 2 meshing therewith is also driven in rotation.
  • An inlet 4 opens into the delivery chamber on a low-pressure side and an outlet 5 for a fluid to be delivered, preferably lubricating oil for an internal combustion engine, on a high-pressure side.
  • the housing 3, 6 also forms an axial sealing surface on each end face of the conveyor rotor 1 and facing axially therefrom, of which in FIG Figure 1 the sealing surface 7 can be seen.
  • the conveying rotor 2 is formed on its two end faces facing axially in each case a further axial sealing surface, of which in cross section the Figure 1 the sealing surface 17 can be seen.
  • the delivery rate of the pump is from the Limit speed governed.
  • the feed rotor 2 can be moved axially relative to the feed rotor 1, ie along its axis of rotation R 2 , so that the length of engagement of the feed rotors 1 and 2 and, accordingly, the feed rate can be changed.
  • the conveyor rotor 2 assumes an axial position with an axial overlap, ie engagement length, which is already reduced in comparison to the maximum engagement length.
  • the conveyor rotor 2 is part of an adjustment unit consisting of a bearing pin 14, an actuator 15, an actuator 16 and the conveyor rotor 2 rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 14 between the actuators 15 and 16.
  • the bearing pin 14 connects the actuators 15 and 16 to one another in a torsionally rigid manner.
  • the actuator 16 forms the axial sealing surface 17 facing the feed rotor 2.
  • the actuator 15 forms the other axial sealing surface 18.
  • the entire adjustment unit is mounted in a displacement chamber of the pump housing 3, 6 so as to be axially displaceable back and forth.
  • the housing is formed by the housing part 3 and the housing cover 6 firmly connected to it.
  • the housing cover 6 is shaped with a base, the end face of which facing the conveyor rotor 1 forms the sealing surface 7.
  • the housing part 3 forms the fourth axial sealing surface 8 on the opposite end face facing the conveyor rotor 1 axially.
  • the actuator 16 is provided on its side facing the conveyor rotor 1 with a circular segment-shaped cutout for the base 6 forming the sealing surface 7. Apart from the respective cutout, the sealing surface 7 corresponds to the sealing surface 8 and the sealing surface 17 corresponds to the sealing surface 18.
  • the adjusting members 15 and 16 of the exemplary embodiment are adjusting pistons.
  • the displacement space in which the adjustment unit is axially movable back and forth, comprises a subchamber 10 delimited by the rear side of the actuator 15 and a subchamber 11 delimited by the rear side of the actuator 16.
  • the subchamber 11 is connected to the high pressure side of the pump and is constantly pressurized fluid branched off there, which thus acts on the rear side of the actuator 16.
  • a mechanical compression spring is arranged as an elasticity member 12, the elasticity of which acts on the rear side of the actuator 15.
  • the elasticity member 12 counteracts the pressure force acting on the actuator 16 in the subspace 11.
  • the regulation of such external gear pumps is known and therefore does not require any explanation.
  • the regulation can in particular according to the DE 102 22 131 B4 be designed.
  • the sealing surfaces 7, 8, 17 and 18 are each provided with a relief pocket on the high pressure side.
  • the four pockets are in Figure 1 to recognize the pockets 7a and 17a.
  • Relief pockets are only formed on the high pressure side.
  • the housing part 3 guides the actuators 15 and 16 in sliding contact.
  • the housing part 3 forms a raceway 3a and the housing part 3 together with the cover 6 forms a raceway 3b, 6b.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 each form an actuator sliding surface 15a and 16a on their outer circumferential surface. More precisely, the raceway 3a and the actuator sliding surface 15a on the one hand and the raceway 3b, 6b and the actuator sliding surface 16a on the other hand are in the sliding contact.
  • a special sliding material forms at least one of the sliding partners of the relevant friction system.
  • the friction system 3a / 15a either the raceway 3a or the actuator sliding surface 15a of the Sliding material are formed.
  • the same sliding material can also form both the raceway 3a and the actuator sliding surface 15a.
  • the two sliding surfaces 3a and 15a can each be formed from a different sliding material.
  • the other friction system 3b, 6b / 16a If only one of the sliding partners of the respective friction system consists of the sliding material, the same sliding material is expediently used in each case. If both friction partners are made of a sliding material, the actuator sliding surfaces 15a and 16a are each made of the same sliding material or the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b are each made of the same sliding material.
  • one of the sliding partners in the respective friction system can consist of a metal alloy, preferably a light metal alloy, it corresponds to preferred exemplary embodiments if each of the sliding partners is formed by a special sliding material with low adhesion energy.
  • the sliding material of the sliding partners of the respective friction system can be the same or different.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 can be formed entirely from the sliding material or from a carrier material, preferably a light metal alloy, and on the surface each have a sliding layer made from the sliding material.
  • the housing in the exemplary embodiment the housing part 3 and the cover 6, can also be molded from plastic, but in preferred exemplary embodiments at least the housing part 3, preferably also the cover 6, is cast from a metal alloy, preferably a light metal alloy.
  • Aluminum alloys are particularly suitable as light metals. Preferred examples are given below:
  • the housing part 3 and the cover 6 are each formed from the same aluminum alloy, namely AISi9Cu3, by die casting.
  • the alloy can contain a small amount of Fe.
  • the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b are obtained with a precise fit by mechanical processing.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 are each molded as a whole from the specified plastic sliding material.
  • the sliding surfaces 15a and 16a are produced with a precise fit by mechanical processing.
  • example 2 corresponds to example 1.
  • a sliding layer made of plastic sliding material or sliding varnish forms raceways 3a, 3b and 6b.
  • the plastic sliding material can in particular be the material of the actuators 15 and 16.
  • the housing part 3 and the cover 6 correspond to example 1.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 each consist of the same Al alloy, preferably AlSi8Cu3. They are formed from a cast semi-finished aluminum alloy by extrusion. Then at least the circumferential surfaces are each provided with a sliding layer made of the plastic sliding material. Instead of forming the blanks of the actuators 15 and 16 by extrusion, the blanks can be formed by sintering and sizing. The extruded or calibrated blanks are heated and encapsulated in a mold with the plastic sliding material, preferably completely encased.
  • the housing part 3 and the cover 6 correspond to example 1.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 each consist of the same aluminum alloy, preferably AlSi8Cu3. They are either formed from a cast semi-finished product by extrusion or alternatively by sintering and calibrating. The actuator blanks are then anodized at least on their circumferential surface which forms the sliding surface 15a and 16a. A mixture of oxalic acid and additives is used as the electrolyte, so that a sliding layer of Al 2 O 3 ⁇ Hardcoat ® smooth is formed on each of the outer circumferential surfaces.
  • the sliding layer is preferably impregnated with PTFE.
  • the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b are also each formed in the same way as an HC-GL sliding layer, preferably as a PTFE-impregnated sliding layer.
  • one of the two sliding partners or both sliding partners can each be formed as an HC sliding layer, likewise preferably as a PTFE-impregnated sliding layer.
  • the housing part 3 and the cover 6 correspond to Example 1 and anodized after molding, so that the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b as Al 2 O 3 -Hardcoat ® (HC-slip layer) can be obtained.
  • the HC sliding layer can be impregnated with PTFE.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 are formed from steel and nitrided on the surface, at least on the outer peripheral surfaces.
  • the housing part 3 and the cover 6 are each molded from AlSi8Cu3 by sand casting or permanent mold casting.
  • the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b are produced with a precise fit by mechanical processing.
  • the actuators 15 and 16 are each formed from cast aluminum by extrusion and anodized.
  • a mixture of oxalic acid and additives is used as the electrolyte, so that a sliding layer of Al 2 O 3 -Hardcoat ® smooth (HC-GL sliding layer) is formed on each of the outer circumferential surfaces.
  • the HC-GL sliding layer preferably contains PTFE.
  • HC ceramic or HC smooth ceramic also forms the raceways 3a, 3b and 6b, the ceramic there also being advantageously impregnated with PTFE.
  • Metal-ceramic sliding layers are particularly suitable for use in friction systems with light metal sand cast structures or chill cast structures or generally light metal cast alloys that have solidified in thermodynamic equilibrium or close to thermodynamic equilibrium.
  • the smaller ⁇ -mixed crystals, for example AISi of the die-cast structure because of the shorter cooling time cause problems that act like fine emery grains for metal-oxide-ceramic sliding layers.
  • both sliding partners should each have an HC or HC-GL sliding layer.
  • both sliding partners are preferably made of a sliding material with low adhesion energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Pompe rotative à débit réglable, comprenant :
    a) un carter (3, 6) ;
    b) une chambre de refoulement formée dans le carter (3, 6) et comprenant une entrée (4) pour un fluide sur un côté basse pression et une sortie (5) pour le fluide sur un côté haute pression de la pompe ;
    c) au moins un rotor de refoulement (2) pouvant tourner dans la chambre de refoulement autour d'un axe de rotation (R2) ;
    d) un organe de réglage (15) disposé en face d'une face frontale du rotor de refoulement (2) ou entourant le rotor de refoulement (2), l'organe de réglage (15) étant mobile en va-et-vient dans le carter (3, 6) pour régler le débit,
    e) l'organe de réglage (15) pouvant être sollicité, en direction de sa mobilité, par une force de réglage qui dépend des besoins d'un récepteur à alimenter en fluide ;
    f) et une glissière (3a), formée dans le carter (3, 6), qui guide l'organe de réglage (15) sur une surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (15a) dans un contact glissant,
    g) un matériau glissant, qui forme la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (15a), étant constitué de matière plastique,
    h) l'organe de réglage (15) étant constitué au moins essentiellement du matériau glissant en plastique.
  2. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle une pièce intercalée est encastrée dans le matériau glissant en plastique.
  3. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des deux revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un matériau glissant, qui forme la glissière (3a), est constitué de la matière plastique et / ou une céramique et / ou un nitrure et / ou un composé nickel-phosphore et / ou un vernis de glissement ou est formé par un revêtement DLC, un revêtement ferroprint ou un nano-revêtement.
  4. Pompe rotative selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle :
    - l'organe de réglage (15), un autre organe de réglage (16) et le rotor de refoulement (2) font partie intégrante d'une unité de réglage (2, 15, 16) mobile dans son ensemble en va-et-vient dans le carter (3, 6) ;
    - les organes de réglage (15, 16) sont disposés chacun en face de l'une des faces frontales du rotor de refoulement (2), et une autre glissière (3b, 6b) formée dans le carter (3, 6) guide ledit autre organe de réglage (16) sur sa surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16a) dans un contact glissant ;
    - et ladite autre glissière (3b, 6b) et / ou la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16a) dudit autre organe de réglage (16) est constituée du matériau glissant.
  5. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le matériau glissant est une matière thermoplastique dont le glissement est modifié et / ou un composé polymère constitué d'au moins un polymère résistant aux hautes températures et rempli d'un matériau fibreux et d'un additif de glissement.
  6. Pompe rotative selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'additif de glissement comprend du graphite et / ou du polymère fluoré, et / ou le matériau fibreux comprend des fibres de carbone ou est constitué de fibres de carbone.
  7. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des deux revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le matériau glissant présente au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :
    - la proportion de polymère est d'au moins 60 % en poids et d'au plus 80 % en poids ;
    - la proportion de l'additif de glissement est d'au moins 10 % en poids et d'au plus 30 % en poids ;
    - la proportion du matériau fibreux est d'au moins 5 % en poids et d'au plus 15 % en poids.
  8. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le matériau glissant est une matière plastique, et une matière de base de la matière plastique est un polymère y compris un copolymère, un mélange de polymères ou une composition de polymères parmi le groupe constitué du polyéthersulfone (PES), du polysulfone (PSU), du polysulfure de phénylène (PPS), des polyéthercétones (PAEK, PEK, PEEK), du polyamide (PA) et du polyphtalamide (PPA).
  9. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des cinq revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16a) et / ou ladite autre glissière (3b, 6b) est formée par une couche métallo-céramique, la couche étant de préférence une couche Hardcoat® ou une couche Hardcoat® lisse et contenant de préférence du PTFE.
  10. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des six revendications précédentes, dans laquelle de l'acier nitruré ou du TiCN forme ladite autre glissière (3b, 6b) ou la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16a).
  11. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle une partie de carter (3, 6) comportant la glissière (3a, 3b, 6b) est constituée au moins essentiellement de métal ou est formée d'un métal en tant que matériau de support, et une couche de glissement formant la glissière (3a, 3b, 6b) et constituée du matériau glissant est appliquée sur le matériau de support ou est formée par transformation du matériau de support, et dans laquelle un matériau de fonte, de préférence un matériau de fonte moulé sous pression ou un matériau de fonte coquille ou un matériau de fonte au sable à structure appropriée, peut former en particulier la partie de carter (3, 6) ou le matériau de support de la partie de carter (3, 6).
  12. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des huit revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit autre organe de réglage (16), y compris la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16b), est constitué au moins essentiellement de métal ou de métal léger ou est formé d'un métal ou d'un métal léger constituant le matériau de support, et une couche de glissement formant la surface de glissement d'organe de réglage (16a) et constituée du matériau glissant est appliquée sur le matériau de support ou est formée par transformation du matériau de support.
  13. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des neuf revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit autre organe de réglage (16) est formé du matériau glissant.
  14. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des dix revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le carter (3, 6) est formé, ou au moins une partie de carter (3) formant la glissière (3a, 3b) est formée, du matériau glissant.
  15. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un organe élastique (12) est disposé de telle sorte qu'il s'oppose à la force de réglage et / ou l'organe de réglage (15, 16) est un piston de réglage qui peut être sollicité par le fluide du côté haute pression.
  16. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle une partie de carter (3, 6) formant la glissière est constituée d'un matériau de support sous une couche de glissement superficielle, et un matériau glissant en plastique est appliqué sur le matériau de support, le matériau glissant en plastique étant moulé par injection autour de l'ébauche formée du matériau de support.
  17. Procédé pour fabriquer la pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    a) une partie de carter (3, 6) formant la glissière (3a, 3b, 6b) est formée d'un métal léger ;
    b) l'organe de réglage (15, 16) est formé d'un matériau glissant en plastique ; et
    c) la partie de carter (3, 6) est revêtue du matériau glissant pour produire la glissière (3a, 3b, 6b), ou
    le métal léger de la partie de carter (3, 6) est transformé en matériau glissant à la surface.
EP18170712.6A 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe de rotation ajustable à usure réduite Active EP3376031B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006018124A DE102006018124A1 (de) 2006-04-19 2006-04-19 Verstellbare Rotationspumpe mit Verschleißminderung
EP07106407A EP1847713B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable à usure réduite
EP10178105.2A EP2327881B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable dotée d'une réduction d'usure

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10178105.2A Division EP2327881B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable dotée d'une réduction d'usure
EP07106407A Division EP1847713B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable à usure réduite

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EP3376031A1 EP3376031A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
EP3376031B1 true EP3376031B1 (fr) 2021-12-22

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EP18170712.6A Active EP3376031B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe de rotation ajustable à usure réduite
EP07106407A Active EP1847713B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable à usure réduite
EP10178105.2A Active EP2327881B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable dotée d'une réduction d'usure

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EP07106407A Active EP1847713B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable à usure réduite
EP10178105.2A Active EP2327881B1 (fr) 2006-04-19 2007-04-18 Pompe rotative réglable dotée d'une réduction d'usure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (3) US20070248481A1 (fr)
EP (3) EP3376031B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4662559B2 (fr)
AT (2) ATE500423T1 (fr)
DE (4) DE102006018124A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE040650T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL1847713T3 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006018124A1 (de) 2007-10-25
DE10178105T1 (de) 2012-09-06
EP1847713A3 (fr) 2008-06-11
EP2327881A3 (fr) 2014-03-26
DE502007006577D1 (de) 2011-04-14
EP2327881A2 (fr) 2011-06-01
DE10178105T8 (de) 2013-04-25
US20070248481A1 (en) 2007-10-25
EP3376031A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
DE202007018987U1 (de) 2010-05-27
EP1847713B1 (fr) 2011-03-02
EP1847713A2 (fr) 2007-10-24
US8770955B2 (en) 2014-07-08
EP2327881B1 (fr) 2018-05-30
HUE040650T2 (hu) 2019-03-28
US20110182760A1 (en) 2011-07-28
ATE500423T1 (de) 2011-03-15
JP4662559B2 (ja) 2011-03-30
PL1847713T3 (pl) 2011-06-30
US20120219448A1 (en) 2012-08-30
US8186982B2 (en) 2012-05-29
JP2007285300A (ja) 2007-11-01
AT11651U1 (de) 2011-02-15

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