EP3373290B1 - Acoustic absorber and use of such an acoustic absorber - Google Patents

Acoustic absorber and use of such an acoustic absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3373290B1
EP3373290B1 EP18166394.9A EP18166394A EP3373290B1 EP 3373290 B1 EP3373290 B1 EP 3373290B1 EP 18166394 A EP18166394 A EP 18166394A EP 3373290 B1 EP3373290 B1 EP 3373290B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acoustic absorber
recesses
carrier
absorber according
absorber
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EP18166394.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3373290A1 (en
Inventor
Wilsingh Wilson
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/02—Shelves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/20—Furniture panels or like furniture elements
    • A47B96/205—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B2220/00—General furniture construction, e.g. fittings
    • A47B2220/13—Sound or noise reduction or dampening, e.g. built in via the furniture panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849—Groove or slot type openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acoustic absorber according to the preamble of claim 1 and a use of such an acoustic absorber according to claim 13.
  • Acoustic absorbers for absorbing sound waves or for the acoustic design of rooms, which are designed in the form of a plate provided with openings, are known from the prior art.
  • the DE 43 32 856 A1 a perforated metal plate coated with a porous layer of lacquer as a sound absorber.
  • an acoustic absorber is known which has a plurality of openings which are covered by a surface layer provided with pores.
  • the problem on which the invention is based is to enable sound absorption that can be provided as simply as possible and yet as efficient as possible.
  • the coating takes place in particular on a "visible side" of the carrier, i.e. a side of the carrier that is visible after the absorber has been installed, i.e. facing away from an installation location (e.g. a wall).
  • a visible side of the carrier i.e. a side of the carrier that is visible after the absorber has been installed, i.e. facing away from an installation location (e.g. a wall).
  • the visible side of the absorber is also the side that is to be turned towards a sound source.
  • the coating is provided on several sides, in particular on sides that are applied to one another, of the carrier.
  • a variant not claimed, according to which the sections of the coating that cover the recesses are designed to be air-impermeable, can be used in particular when the area-related mass of the coating is small.
  • the air-impermeable design of the coating segments has the particular advantage that the result is an essentially homogeneous, flat surface that can be easily cleaned, for example.
  • the lacquer layer in each case forms at least two segments that are separate from one another in the region of the cutouts
  • the segments can each be designed to be at least substantially closed. This means in particular that the segments (or, for example, the entire coating) do not have any open-pored lacquer material.
  • the recesses run like a slot, ie they have a longitudinal extent that is greater (for example three times as large) than their width.
  • the openings in the lacquer layer are each approximately in the form of a gap running transversely to the slots, the gaps each having a width of 0.1-0.2 mm, for example.
  • This particular structure of the lacquer coating in the area of the cutouts can be achieved in particular by the design of the edges of the cutouts and / or the Dimensioning of the recesses are generated.
  • the paint layer is created (for example in the form of a powder coating or dip coating), the paint is pulled somewhat into the recesses due to capillary forces and tears open across the recesses, creating the separate segments of the sections of the paint coating that cover the recesses.
  • closure elements are introduced into the recesses, which serve to stabilize the lacquer coating in the area of the recesses. The closure elements can remain in the recesses after the lacquer coating has been produced, or they can also be removed.
  • cutouts are at least approximately circular in cross-section, i.e. as bores.
  • recesses go through the entire carrier.
  • the recesses are arranged in a regular pattern and / or are used, for example, to display image information, in particular for the pictorial display of an object.
  • the recesses (in particular in the manner of a perforation) are arranged along a plurality of lines (contour lines) which represent the contours of an object.
  • the recesses do not have to have the same shape, size and / or geometry.
  • the distances between adjacent cutouts to vary.
  • several (e.g. different) lacquer coatings to be arranged one above the other, with each of the lacquer layers having recesses.
  • the cutouts in the various layers of lacquer are in particular arranged in such a way that they at least partially overlap one another.
  • the carrier can be designed to be at least substantially planar.
  • the invention is of course not restricted to a specific type of carrier. It is also conceivable, for example, for the carrier to be arched, folded or stepped at least in sections.
  • the basic shape of the carrier in plan view) does not have to be rectangular. Rather, in principle, any basic shape can be used (e.g. round or jagged).
  • the carrier is, for example, a metal or plastic plate.
  • the invention also relates to the use of an acoustic absorber designed as described above as a surface cladding element, as a ceiling or wall element or as part of a piece of furniture.
  • the invention also relates to an item of furniture with an acoustic absorber configured as described above.
  • the furnishing is e.g. around a shelf (such as a sales or presentation shelf).
  • a shelf such as a sales or presentation shelf.
  • the floors of the shelf and / or at least one rear wall element are each formed by an acoustic absorber according to the invention. It is also possible that all floors and the rear wall are each formed by an absorber according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of a visible surface 21 of a carrier 2 of an acoustic absorber 1 according to the invention.
  • the carrier 2 has a plurality of cutouts in the form of slots 22, which cause an increased energy dissipation of sound waves occurring on the absorber 1.
  • the visible surface 21 of the carrier 2 is provided with a lacquer coating 3 which, with sections 31, covers at least some of the slots 22.
  • the sections 31 of the lacquer coating 3 are drawn somewhat into the respective slot 22 due to the effect of capillary forces.
  • the sections 31 each have a plurality of segments 311 which are separated from one another by openings in the form of gaps 312 running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the slots 22.
  • the gaps 312 reduce the size of the slits 22 in their upper region, as a result of which the dissipation of sound wave energy is increased.
  • the gaps 312 arise in particular during the production of the lacquer layer 3, the number of gaps depending approximately on the width of the slots 22 and / or the nature of the edges of the slots. It should be noted that column 312, as in Fig. 1 shown need not necessarily have a constant width. In the present case, the gaps 312 each widen from their center (in the center of the slots 22) outwards (towards the side walls of the slots 22).
  • recesses with a different geometry, for example circular bores or star-shaped openings, can also be used.
  • the recesses in particular the slots 22
  • the recesses can in principle be produced in any desired manner, for example cut, split, punched, sintered or etched.
  • the carrier 2 is in particular a material plate (e.g. a metal plate).
  • the carrier is a film, a rod arrangement or wires with joints (as recesses), fibers, threads with joints or woven fabrics, fleeces, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, in which the joint spacing (i.e. the spacing of the fibers or threads) be chosen so that they can be bridged by the lacquer coating 3 (produced with any coating method).
  • Fig. 2 shows the absorber 1 of Fig. 1 in cross section. It can be seen that, as mentioned, the lacquer coating 3 is drawn somewhat into the slots 22 and accordingly has indentations in the area of the slots 22. However, it is also conceivable that the coating 3 runs flat, as in the alternative cross section of FIG Fig. 3 shown. When coating 3 of the Fig. 3 it is, for example, a coating that closes the slots 22 at least approximately airtight.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the absorber 1 according to the invention.
  • the carrier 2 of the acoustic absorber 1 then has a plurality of layers 2a-2c.
  • the layers 2a-2c each have recesses 22a-22c, which are partially aligned with one another and thus the (sound-absorbing) recesses of the carrier 2 form.
  • the visible side of the carrier 2 is provided with a lacquer coating.
  • the recesses 22a-22c can be designed and arranged as desired.
  • Another possible configuration shows Fig. 5 .
  • Fig. 6 shows an inventive absorber 1 with an irregular arrangement of (rectangular) cutouts 22.
  • the cutouts 22 are arranged in particular with a view to optimized sound absorption.
  • Fig. 7 a further possibility of arranging the recesses in the carrier 2 is shown.
  • the recesses are in the form of a large number of (in Fig. 7 undissolved) bores 22 (perforations with a small diameter) are formed, which are arranged along a plurality of lines 220.
  • the lines are designed in particular as contour lines, so that a contour image is created which is used, for example, for the decorative design of the visible surface of the carrier 2.
  • the acoustic absorbers 1 shown in the preceding figures can in particular be used as an element of a piece of furniture, for example a shelf 5, as in FIG Fig. 8 shown in the exploded view, here a rear wall 51 of the shelf is formed from at least one absorber 1 according to the invention, instead of the absorber 1 also differently configured absorbers 1a, 1b (for example with differently shaped recesses) can be used. It is also conceivable that floors 52 of the shelf 5 are each also formed by absorbers 1 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9 similarly shows the Figures 6 and 7th an absorber 1 according to the invention (or a partial area of such an absorber) in plan view, the absorber 1 having a plurality of recesses 22 which are arranged in a pattern.
  • Fig. 10 likewise shows an absorber 1 according to the invention in a plan view, the absorber 1 being analogous to FIG Fig. 7 comprises a plurality of line-like, substantially vertically extending recesses 22 which extend so that they the pattern of the Fig. 9 represent.
  • This technique can of course be applied to basically any pattern or other objects to be represented. In particular, two adjacent lines run essentially parallel to one another.
  • the course of the line-like cutouts 22 is calculated in such a way that the highest possible sound diffusivity and / or sound absorption results.
  • the lines 22, as in Fig. 10 shown, run in such a way that they reveal an original image. However, this is not necessarily.
  • the line-like recesses 22 can be designed as solid or broken lines in the form of micro-gaps in the absorber 1.
  • the course of the line-like cutouts 22 is calculated on the basis of the course of wave fronts of a propagating wave (in particular using suitable differential equations), with an image or pattern that may be displayed by the cutouts being viewed as an obstacle to the wave.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen akustischen Absorber gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Verwendung eines derartigen akustischen Absorbers gemäß Anspruch 13.The invention relates to an acoustic absorber according to the preamble of claim 1 and a use of such an acoustic absorber according to claim 13.

Akustische Absorber zur Absorption von Schallwellen oder zur akustischen Gestaltung von Räumen, die in Form einer mit Öffnungen versehenen Platte ausgebildet sind, sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die DE 43 32 856 A1 eine gelochte, mit einer porösen Lackschicht überzogene Metallplatte als Schallabsorber. Aus der JP 2012 255967 A ist ein akustischer Absorber bekannt, der eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen aufweist, die von einer mit Poren versehenen Oberflächenschicht bedeckt sind.Acoustic absorbers for absorbing sound waves or for the acoustic design of rooms, which are designed in the form of a plate provided with openings, are known from the prior art. For example, the DE 43 32 856 A1 a perforated metal plate coated with a porous layer of lacquer as a sound absorber. From the JP 2012 255967 A an acoustic absorber is known which has a plurality of openings which are covered by a surface layer provided with pores.

Das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Problem besteht darin, eine möglichst einfach bereitstellebare und dennoch möglichst effiziente Schallabsorption zu ermöglichen.The problem on which the invention is based is to enable sound absorption that can be provided as simply as possible and yet as efficient as possible.

Dieses Problem wird durch den akustischen Absorber mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch die Verwendung eines solchen Absorbers gemäß Anspruch 13 gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This problem is solved by the acoustic absorber with the features of claim 1 and by the use of such an absorber according to claim 13. Developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

Danach wird ein akustischer Absorber bereitgestellt, mit

  • einem Träger, der eine Mehrzahl von Aussparungen aufweist; sowie
  • einer aus einem Lack gebildeten Beschichtung, die die Aussparungen überdeckt,
  • wobei diejenigen Abschnitte der Beschichtung, die die Aussparungen überdecken, jeweils mindestens zwei durch eine Öffnung voneinander getrennte Segmente ausbilden.
Then an acoustic absorber is provided, with
  • a carrier having a plurality of recesses; such as
  • a coating formed from a lacquer that covers the recesses,
  • wherein those sections of the coating which cover the recesses each form at least two segments separated from one another by an opening.

Die Beschichtung erfolgt insbesondere auf einer "Sichtseite" des Trägers, d.h. einer Seite des Trägers, die nach Montage des Absorbers sichtbar ist, also z.B. einer Montagestelle (etwa einer Wand) abgewandt ist. Beispielsweise ist die Sichtseite des Absorbers auch diejenige Seite, die einer Schallquelle zuzuwenden ist. Denkbar ist auch, dass die Beschichtung auf mehreren Seiten, insbesondere auf einander angewandten Seiten, des Trägers vorgesehen ist.The coating takes place in particular on a "visible side" of the carrier, i.e. a side of the carrier that is visible after the absorber has been installed, i.e. facing away from an installation location (e.g. a wall). For example, the visible side of the absorber is also the side that is to be turned towards a sound source. It is also conceivable that the coating is provided on several sides, in particular on sides that are applied to one another, of the carrier.

Schallwellen, die auf den Absorber auftreffen, treten teilweise in die Aussparungen des Trägers ein, wobei Schallenergie dissipiert wird und die Schallwellen entsprechend gedämpft werden. Durch die Überdeckung der Öffnungen mit der Lackbeschichtung wird dieser Effekt verstärkt. Dies z.B. dadurch, dass die Lackbeschichtung oberhalb der Aussparungen jeweils mindestens eine Öffnung aufweist, die eine Verengung der Aussparung und damit eine erhöhte (reibungsbedingte) Dissipation der Schallenergie bewirkt.Sound waves that hit the absorber partially enter the gaps in the support, sound energy being dissipated and the sound waves being dampened accordingly. This effect is reinforced by covering the openings with the lacquer coating. This, for example, because the lacquer coating has at least one opening above the cutouts, which narrows the cutout and thus increases (friction-related) dissipation of the sound energy.

Eine nicht beanspruchte Variante, wonach die die Aussparungen überdeckenden Abschnitte der Beschichtung luftundurchlässig ausgebildet sind, kann insbesondere verwendet werden, wenn die flächenbezogenen Masse der Beschichtung klein ist. Die luftundurchlässige Gestaltung der Beschichtungssegmente hat insbesondere den Vorteil, dass sich eine im Wesentlichen homogen, plane Oberfläche ergibt, die z.B. auf einfache Weise gereinigt werden kann.A variant not claimed, according to which the sections of the coating that cover the recesses are designed to be air-impermeable, can be used in particular when the area-related mass of the coating is small. The air-impermeable design of the coating segments has the particular advantage that the result is an essentially homogeneous, flat surface that can be easily cleaned, for example.

Im Fall der Erfindung, wonach die Lackschicht im Bereich der Aussparungen jeweils zumindest zwei voneinander getrennte Segmente ausbildet, können die Segmente jeweils zumindest im Wesentlichen geschlossen ausgebildet sein. Dies bedeutet insbesondere, dass die Segmente (bzw. z.B. auch die gesamte Beschichtung) kein offenporiges Lackmaterial aufweisen.In the case of the invention, according to which the lacquer layer in each case forms at least two segments that are separate from one another in the region of the cutouts, the segments can each be designed to be at least substantially closed. This means in particular that the segments (or, for example, the entire coating) do not have any open-pored lacquer material.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verlaufen zumindest einige der Aussparungen schlitzartig, d.h. sie weisen eine Längsausdehnung auf, die größer ist (z.B. dreimal so groß) als ihre Breite. Die Öffnungen in der Lackschicht sind etwa jeweils in Form eines quer zu den Schlitzen verlaufenden Spaltes ausgebildet, wobei die Spalte z.B. jeweils eine Breite von 0,1 - 0,2 mm besitzen. Diese besondere Struktur der Lackbeschichtung im Bereich der Aussparungen kann insbesondere durch die Gestaltung der Ränder der Aussparungen und/oder der Dimensionierung der Aussparungen erzeugt werden. Etwa wird beim Erzeugen der Lackschicht (beispielsweise in Form einer Pulverlackierung oder einer Tauchlackierung) der Lack aufgrund von Kapillarkräften etwas in die Aussparungen gezogen und reißt dabei quer zu den Aussparungen auf, wodurch die voneinander getrennten Segmente der die Aussparungen überdeckenden Abschnitte der Lackbeschichtung entstehen. Möglich ist auch, dass vor dem Aufbringen der Lackbeschichtung Verschlusselemente in die Aussparungen eingebracht werden, die zur Stabilisierung der Lackbeschichtung im Bereich der Aussparungen dienen. Die Verschlusselemente können nach Erzeugung der Lackbeschichtung in den Aussparungen verbleiben oder auch entfernt werden.According to one embodiment of the invention, at least some of the recesses run like a slot, ie they have a longitudinal extent that is greater (for example three times as large) than their width. The openings in the lacquer layer are each approximately in the form of a gap running transversely to the slots, the gaps each having a width of 0.1-0.2 mm, for example. This particular structure of the lacquer coating in the area of the cutouts can be achieved in particular by the design of the edges of the cutouts and / or the Dimensioning of the recesses are generated. For example, when the paint layer is created (for example in the form of a powder coating or dip coating), the paint is pulled somewhat into the recesses due to capillary forces and tears open across the recesses, creating the separate segments of the sections of the paint coating that cover the recesses. It is also possible that before the application of the lacquer coating, closure elements are introduced into the recesses, which serve to stabilize the lacquer coating in the area of the recesses. The closure elements can remain in the recesses after the lacquer coating has been produced, or they can also be removed.

Denkbar ist auch, dass zumindest einige der Aussparungen im Querschnitt zumindest näherungsweise kreisförmig ausgebildet sind, d.h. als Bohrungen. Die Aussparungen gehen insbesondere durch den gesamten Träger hindurch.It is also conceivable that at least some of the cutouts are at least approximately circular in cross-section, i.e. as bores. In particular, the recesses go through the entire carrier.

Denkbar ist auch, dass die Aussparungen in einem regelmäßigen Muster angeordnet sind und/oder z.B. zur Darstellung einer Bildinformation, insbesondere zur bildlichen Darstellung eines Objektes, dienen. Etwa sind die Aussparungen (insbesondere nach Art einer Perforation) entlang einer Mehrzahl von Linien (Konturlinien) angeordnet, die die Konturen eines Objektes darstellen. Die Aussparungen müssen nicht dieselbe Form, Größe und/oder Geometrie aufweisen. Des Weiteren ist auch möglich, dass die Abstände zwischen benachbarten Aussparungen variieren. Möglich ist auch, dass mehrere (z.B. unterschiedliche) Lackbeschichtungen übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei jede der Lackschichten Aussparungen aufweist. Die Aussparungen der verschiedenen Lackschichten sind insbesondere so angeordnet, dass sie einander zumindest teilweise überlappen.It is also conceivable that the recesses are arranged in a regular pattern and / or are used, for example, to display image information, in particular for the pictorial display of an object. For example, the recesses (in particular in the manner of a perforation) are arranged along a plurality of lines (contour lines) which represent the contours of an object. The recesses do not have to have the same shape, size and / or geometry. Furthermore, it is also possible for the distances between adjacent cutouts to vary. It is also possible for several (e.g. different) lacquer coatings to be arranged one above the other, with each of the lacquer layers having recesses. The cutouts in the various layers of lacquer are in particular arranged in such a way that they at least partially overlap one another.

Der Träger kann zumindest im Wesentlichen plan ausgebildet sein. Allerdings ist die Erfindung natürlich nicht auf eine bestimmte Beschaffenheit des Trägers beschränkt. Denkbar ist z.B. auch, dass der Träger zumindest abschnittsweise gewölbt, gefaltet oder gestuft ausgebildet ist. Die Grundform des Trägers (in Draufsicht) muss zudem nicht rechteckig sein. Vielmehr kommen im Prinzip beliebige Grundformen in Frage (z.B. rund oder gezackt). Bei dem Träger handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine Metall- oder Kunststoffplatte.The carrier can be designed to be at least substantially planar. However, the invention is of course not restricted to a specific type of carrier. It is also conceivable, for example, for the carrier to be arched, folded or stepped at least in sections. In addition, the basic shape of the carrier (in plan view) does not have to be rectangular. Rather, in principle, any basic shape can be used (e.g. round or jagged). The carrier is, for example, a metal or plastic plate.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung eines wie oben beschrieben gestalteten akustischen Absorbers als Oberflächenverkleidungselement, als Decken- oder Wandelement oder als Teil eines Einrichtungsgegenstands.The invention also relates to the use of an acoustic absorber designed as described above as a surface cladding element, as a ceiling or wall element or as part of a piece of furniture.

Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Einrichtungsgegenstand mit einem wie oben beschrieben gestalteten akustischen Absorber. Bei dem Einrichtungsgegenstand handelt es sich z.B. um ein Regal (etwa ein Verkaufs- oder Präsentationsregal). Denkbar ist insbesondere, dass Böden des Regals und/oder mindestens ein Rückwandelement jeweils durch einen erfindungsgemäßen akustischen Absorber ausgebildet sind. Möglich ist auch, dass sämtliche Böden und die Rückwand jeweils durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Absorber gebildet sind.The invention also relates to an item of furniture with an acoustic absorber configured as described above. The furnishing is e.g. around a shelf (such as a sales or presentation shelf). In particular, it is conceivable that the floors of the shelf and / or at least one rear wall element are each formed by an acoustic absorber according to the invention. It is also possible that all floors and the rear wall are each formed by an absorber according to the invention.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen akustischen Absorber gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Draufsicht;
Fig. 2
den Absorber der Fig. 1 im Querschnitt;
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt einer Abwandlung des akustischen Absorbers der Fig. 1 und 2;
Fig. 4
einen akustischen Absorber gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Draufsicht;
Fig. 5
eine Abwandlung des Absorbers der Fig. 4;
Fig. 6
einen akustischen Absorber gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Draufsicht;
Fig. 7
einen akustischen Absorber gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Draufsicht;
Fig. 8
eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Regals mit einem erfindungsgemäßen akustischen Absorber; und
Fig. 9 und 10
akustische Absorber gemäß weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
an acoustic absorber according to a first embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Fig. 2
the absorber of the Fig. 1 in cross section;
Fig. 3
a cross section of a modification of the acoustic absorber of FIG Fig. 1 and 2 ;
Fig. 4
an acoustic absorber according to a second embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Fig. 5
a modification of the absorber of the Fig. 4 ;
Fig. 6
an acoustic absorber according to a third embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Fig. 7
an acoustic absorber according to a fourth embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Fig. 8
an exploded view of a shelf with an acoustic absorber according to the invention; and
Figures 9 and 10
acoustic absorbers according to further exemplary embodiments of the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine Sichtfläche 21 eines Trägers 2 eines erfindungsgemäßen akustischen Absorbers 1. Der Träger 2 weist eine Mehrzahl von Aussparungen in Form von Schlitzen 22 auf, die eine erhöhte Energiedissipation von auf den Absorber 1 auftreten Schallwellen bewirken. Figure 1 shows a plan view of a visible surface 21 of a carrier 2 of an acoustic absorber 1 according to the invention. The carrier 2 has a plurality of cutouts in the form of slots 22, which cause an increased energy dissipation of sound waves occurring on the absorber 1.

Die Sichtfläche 21 des Trägers 2 ist mit einer Lackbeschichtung 3 versehen, die mit Abschnitten 31 zumindest einige der Schlitze 22 überdeckt. Die Abschnitte 31 der Lackbeschichtung 3 sind aufgrund der Wirkung von Kapillarkräften etwas in den jeweiligen Schlitz 22 hineingezogen. Darüber hinaus weisen die Abschnitte 31 jeweils mehrere Segmente 311 auf, die durch quer zur Längsausbreitung der Schlitze 22 verlaufende Öffnungen in Form von Spalten 312 voneinander getrennt sind.The visible surface 21 of the carrier 2 is provided with a lacquer coating 3 which, with sections 31, covers at least some of the slots 22. The sections 31 of the lacquer coating 3 are drawn somewhat into the respective slot 22 due to the effect of capillary forces. In addition, the sections 31 each have a plurality of segments 311 which are separated from one another by openings in the form of gaps 312 running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the slots 22.

Die Spalte 312 verkleinern die Schlitze 22 in ihrem oberen Bereich, wodurch die Dissipation von Schallwellenenergie erhöht wird. Die Spalte 312 entstehen insbesondere während der Erzeugung der Lackschicht 3, wobei die Anzahl der Spalte etwa von der Breite der Schlitze 22 und/oder der Beschaffenheit der Ränder der Schlitze abhängt. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Spalte 312 wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt nicht notwendigerweise eine konstante Breite aufweisen müssen. Vorliegend verbreitern sich die Spalte 312 jeweils von ihrer Mitte (in Mitte der Schlitze 22) nach außen (auf Seitenwände der Schlitze 22 zu).The gaps 312 reduce the size of the slits 22 in their upper region, as a result of which the dissipation of sound wave energy is increased. The gaps 312 arise in particular during the production of the lacquer layer 3, the number of gaps depending approximately on the width of the slots 22 and / or the nature of the edges of the slots. It should be noted that column 312, as in Fig. 1 shown need not necessarily have a constant width. In the present case, the gaps 312 each widen from their center (in the center of the slots 22) outwards (towards the side walls of the slots 22).

Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass anstelle der Schlitze 22 (zumindest anstelle einiger der Schlitze 22) auch Aussparungen mit einer anderen Geometrie, z.B. kreisförmige Bohrungen oder sternförmige Öffnungen, verwendet werden können. Die Aussparungen (insbesondere die Schlitze 22) können auf im Prinzip beliebige Weise erzeugt werden, z.B. geschnitten, gespaltet, gestanzt, gesintert oder geätzt werden.It should be noted that, instead of the slots 22 (at least instead of some of the slots 22), recesses with a different geometry, for example circular bores or star-shaped openings, can also be used. The recesses (in particular the slots 22) can in principle be produced in any desired manner, for example cut, split, punched, sintered or etched.

Bei dem Träger 2 handelt es sich insbesondere um eine Materialplatte (z.B. eine Metallplatte). Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass der Träger eine Folie, ein Stabanordnungen oder Drähte mit Fugen (als Aussparungen), Fasern, Fäden mit Fugen oder Gewebe, Vliese, Gewirke, Maschenware, bei der die Fugenabstände (d.h. die Abstände der Faser bzw. Fäden) so gewählt werden, dass diese durch die Lackbeschichtung 3 (hergestellt mit einem beliebigen Beschichtungsverfahren) überbrückt werden können.The carrier 2 is in particular a material plate (e.g. a metal plate). However, it is also conceivable that the carrier is a film, a rod arrangement or wires with joints (as recesses), fibers, threads with joints or woven fabrics, fleeces, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, in which the joint spacing (i.e. the spacing of the fibers or threads) be chosen so that they can be bridged by the lacquer coating 3 (produced with any coating method).

Fig. 2 zeigt den Absorber 1 der Fig. 1 im Querschnitt. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Lackbeschichtung 3 wie erwähnt jeweils etwas in die Schlitze 22 hineingezogen sind und entsprechend im Bereich der Schlitze 22 Einbuchtungen aufweist. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass die Beschichtung 3 plan verläuft, wie im alternativen Querschnitt der Fig. 3 gezeigt. Bei der Beschichtung 3 der Fig. 3 handelt es z.B. um eine Beschichtung, die die Schlitze 22 jeweils zumindest näherungsweise luftdicht verschließt. Fig. 2 shows the absorber 1 of Fig. 1 in cross section. It can be seen that, as mentioned, the lacquer coating 3 is drawn somewhat into the slots 22 and accordingly has indentations in the area of the slots 22. However, it is also conceivable that the coating 3 runs flat, as in the alternative cross section of FIG Fig. 3 shown. When coating 3 of the Fig. 3 it is, for example, a coating that closes the slots 22 at least approximately airtight.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Absorbers 1. Der Träger 2 des akustischen Absorbers 1 weist danach mehrere Lagen 2a - 2c auf. Die Lagen 2a - 2c besitzen jeweils Aussparungen 22a - 22c, die teilweise miteinander fluchten und somit die (schalldämpfenden) Aussparungen des Trägers 2 bilden. Die Sichtseite des Trägers 2 ist wie oben in Bezug auf die anderen Ausführungsbeispiele mit einer Lackbeschichtung versehen. Die Aussparungen 22a - 22c können im Prinzip beliebig ausgestaltet und angeordnet sein. Eine andere mögliche Konfiguration zeigt Fig. 5.the Fig. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the absorber 1 according to the invention. The carrier 2 of the acoustic absorber 1 then has a plurality of layers 2a-2c. The layers 2a-2c each have recesses 22a-22c, which are partially aligned with one another and thus the (sound-absorbing) recesses of the carrier 2 form. As above in relation to the other exemplary embodiments, the visible side of the carrier 2 is provided with a lacquer coating. In principle, the recesses 22a-22c can be designed and arranged as desired. Another possible configuration shows Fig. 5 .

Fig. 6 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Absorber 1 mit einer unregelmäßigen Anordnung von (rechteckigen) Aussparungen 22. Die Aussparungen 22 sind insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine optimierte Schallabsorption angeordnet. Fig. 6 shows an inventive absorber 1 with an irregular arrangement of (rectangular) cutouts 22. The cutouts 22 are arranged in particular with a view to optimized sound absorption.

In Fig. 7 ist eine weitere Möglichkeit der Anordnung der Aussparungen in dem Träger 2 gezeigt. Danach sind die Aussparungen in Form einer Vielzahl von (in Fig. 7 nicht aufgelösten) Bohrungen 22 (Perforationen mit kleinem Durchmesser) ausgebildet, die entlang mehrerer Linien 220 angeordnet sind. Die Linien sind insbesondere als Konturlinien ausgebildet, so dass ein Konturbild entsteht, das z.B. zur dekorativen Ausgestaltung der Sichtfläche des Trägers 2 dient.In Fig. 7 a further possibility of arranging the recesses in the carrier 2 is shown. After that, the recesses are in the form of a large number of (in Fig. 7 undissolved) bores 22 (perforations with a small diameter) are formed, which are arranged along a plurality of lines 220. The lines are designed in particular as contour lines, so that a contour image is created which is used, for example, for the decorative design of the visible surface of the carrier 2.

Die in den vorhergehenden Figuren gezeigten akustischen Absorber 1 können insbesondere als Element eines Möbelstücks, etwa eines Regals 5, wie in Fig. 8 in Explosionsdarstellung gezeigt, eingesetzt werden, Hier ist eine Rückwand 51 des Regals aus mindestens einem erfindungsgemäßen Absorber 1 gebildet, wobei anstelle des Absorbers 1 auch anders konfigurierte Absorber 1a, 1b (etwa mit unterschiedlich gestalteten Aussparungen) eingesetzt werden können. Denkbar ist auch, dass Böden 52 des Regals 5 jeweils ebenfalls durch erfindungsgemäße Absorber 1 ausgebildet werden.The acoustic absorbers 1 shown in the preceding figures can in particular be used as an element of a piece of furniture, for example a shelf 5, as in FIG Fig. 8 shown in the exploded view, here a rear wall 51 of the shelf is formed from at least one absorber 1 according to the invention, instead of the absorber 1 also differently configured absorbers 1a, 1b (for example with differently shaped recesses) can be used. It is also conceivable that floors 52 of the shelf 5 are each also formed by absorbers 1 according to the invention.

Fig. 9 zeigt ähnlich den Figuren 6 und 7 einen erfindungsgemäßen Absorber 1 (oder einen Teilbereich eines derartigen Absorbers) in Draufsicht, wobei der Absorber 1 eine Mehrzahl von Aussparungen 22 aufweist, die in einem Muster angeordnet sind. Fig. 9 similarly shows the Figures 6 and 7th an absorber 1 according to the invention (or a partial area of such an absorber) in plan view, the absorber 1 having a plurality of recesses 22 which are arranged in a pattern.

Fig. 10 zeigt ebenfalls einen erfindungsgemäßen Absorber 1 in Draufsicht, wobei der Absorber 1 analog zur Fig. 7 eine Mehrzahl von linienartigen, im Wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Aussparungen 22 umfasst, die so verlaufen, dass sie das Muster der Fig. 9 darstellen. Diese Technik lässt sich natürlich auf im Prinzip beliebige Muster oder sonstige darzustellende Objekte anwenden. Insbesondere verlaufen zwei benachbarte Linien im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander. Fig. 10 likewise shows an absorber 1 according to the invention in a plan view, the absorber 1 being analogous to FIG Fig. 7 comprises a plurality of line-like, substantially vertically extending recesses 22 which extend so that they the pattern of the Fig. 9 represent. This technique can of course be applied to basically any pattern or other objects to be represented. In particular, two adjacent lines run essentially parallel to one another.

Insbesondere wird der Verlauf der linienartigen Aussparungen 22 so berechnet, dass sich eine möglichst hohe Schalldiffusität und/oder Schallabsorption ergibt. Dabei können die Linien 22, wie in Fig. 10 gezeigt, so verlaufen, dass sie eine Bildvorlage erkennen lassen. Dies ist jedoch nicht zwingend. Die linienartigen Aussparungen 22 können als durchgezogene oder unterbrochene Linien in Form von Mikrospalten in dem Absorber 1 ausgebildet werden.In particular, the course of the line-like cutouts 22 is calculated in such a way that the highest possible sound diffusivity and / or sound absorption results. The lines 22, as in Fig. 10 shown, run in such a way that they reveal an original image. However, this is not necessarily. The line-like recesses 22 can be designed as solid or broken lines in the form of micro-gaps in the absorber 1.

Beispielsweise wird der Verlauf der linienartigen Aussparungen 22 auf Basis des Verlaufs von Wellenfronten einer sich ausbreitenden Welle berechnet (insbesondere unter Verwendung geeigneter Differentialgleichungen), wobei ein ggf. von den Aussparungen darzustellendes Bild oder Muster gewissermaßen als Hindernis der Welle betrachtet wird.For example, the course of the line-like cutouts 22 is calculated on the basis of the course of wave fronts of a propagating wave (in particular using suitable differential equations), with an image or pattern that may be displayed by the cutouts being viewed as an obstacle to the wave.

Claims (15)

  1. Acoustic absorber, having
    - a carrier (2) which comprises a plurality of recesses (22); as well as
    - a coating (3) of the carrier (2) which is formed from a lacquer and covers the recesses (22),
    characterized in that
    the portions (31) of the coating (3) which cover the recesses (22) realize in each case at least two segments (311) which are separated from one another by means of an opening (312).
  2. Acoustic absorber according to Claim 1, characterized in that the segments (311) are realized in each case in an at least substantially closed manner.
  3. Acoustic absorber according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least some of the recesses (22) extend in a slot-like manner.
  4. Acoustic absorber according to Claim 3, characterized in that the openings (312) are realized in each case in the form of a gap which extends transversely with respect to the slots (22).
  5. Acoustic absorber according to Claim 4, characterized in that the gap in each case has a width of approximately between 0.1 and 0.2 mm.
  6. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the recesses (22) are realized at least approximately circular in cross section.
  7. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (22) are arranged in a regular pattern.
  8. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (22) are arranged in such a manner that they produce a graphic representation of an object.
  9. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses (22) are arranged along a plurality of lines (220).
  10. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier (2) is realized in an at least substantially planar manner.
  11. Acoustic absorber according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the carrier (2) is realized in an arched, folded or stepped manner.
  12. Acoustic absorber according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier (2) is a metal or plastics material plate.
  13. Use of an acoustic absorber (1) according to one of the preceding claims as a surface-covering element, as a ceiling or wall element or as part of a fitment.
  14. Fitment having at least one acoustic absorber (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 11.
  15. Fitment according to Claim 14, characterized in that the fitment is a shelf (5).
EP18166394.9A 2014-02-11 2015-02-11 Acoustic absorber and use of such an acoustic absorber Active EP3373290B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102014202477.3A DE102014202477A1 (en) 2014-02-11 2014-02-11 Acoustic absorber and use of such an acoustic absorber
PCT/EP2015/052900 WO2015121319A1 (en) 2014-02-11 2015-02-11 Acoustic absorber and use of said type of acoustic absorber
EP15707891.6A EP3105754B1 (en) 2014-02-11 2015-02-11 Acoustic absorber and use of said type of acoustic absorber

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EP3373290A1 (en) 2018-09-12
EP3105754B1 (en) 2018-04-11
EP3105754A1 (en) 2016-12-21
WO2015121319A1 (en) 2015-08-20
US10102841B2 (en) 2018-10-16
US20160379616A1 (en) 2016-12-29

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