EP3371092B1 - Lifting system, and method for lifting and/or lowering of loads - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the invention

The invention relates to a lifting system for lifting and / or lowering loads according to the preamble of claim 1.

2. Description of the prior art

Such lifting systems are known in the prior art. They are used in conveyor technology for the vertical transport of larger and often bulky loads, for example as floor lifts for the unaccompanied vertical transport of objects. The lifting device can for example have a vertically movable lifting slide. By means of the lifting carriage, loads with a large mass are usually moved, for example in a lifting cage or on a lifting platform, so that considerable forces can occur during acceleration processes such as starting or braking. Although these forces are usually carried by the supporting structures of the lifting device, vibrations and / or lowering or raising of the lifting cage or the lifting platform can occur due to the elasticity of the lifting means such as ropes or chains involved. Such vertical movements occurring after the end of the lifting movement are undesirable and make a subsequent horizontal conveying process more difficult, in which the loads located in the lifting cage or on the lifting platform are released and conveyed further essentially horizontally.

It is known in the prior art to prevent such undesired movements from occurring by means of locking devices. A motor-driven bolt is pushed into a corresponding recess in order to prevent vertical movement. The disadvantage of this solution is the fact that such a locking device requires a drive, possibly even a power supply on the movable lifting carriage. Furthermore, the pegging device complicates the construction of the lifting system and thus increases the inherent susceptibility of the overall system to errors. A lifting system of the type mentioned is, for example, from U.S. 5,803,206 A known. This lifting system is used to raise / lower automobiles and has two spaced-apart posts, on each of which a carriage with a support arm is arranged to be adjustable in height. A pendulum-like locking device is pivotably attached to each carriage.

A lifting device for objects, which works together with a conveyor device and a further lifting device, goes from the JP2005-2098155 A emerged. Only a single drive is used for both lifting devices, which enables space and cost savings.

In the U.S. 4,987,992 A a lifting device is provided between two roller conveyors located at different heights, which describes a closed orbit. This lifting device discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1.

The U.S. 2,266,915 A describes improved safety mechanisms on automobile lifting devices to stop the downward movement when its speed exceeds a specified value. For this purpose, a safety bolt rotatable about an axis is provided, the natural frequency of which is set together with a weight so that if the downward speed is too high, a projection of the safety bolt engages a cross bolt of the lifting device and thus blocks the downward movement.

A similar device goes from EP 2 314 536 A1 forth; here a compression spring triggers the engagement of teeth on a vertical frame.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to specify a lifting system for lifting and / or lowering loads that is simple, inexpensive and less prone to errors.

The object is achieved by a lifting system according to independent claim 1. Further refinements according to the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

The lifting system according to the invention for lifting and / or lowering loads has a lifting device which is suitable for conveying loads along a lifting direction from a first transfer position to a second transfer position and along a lowering direction from the second transfer position to the first transfer position, as well as a conveying device that is suitable for taking over the loads conveyed with the lifting device at the first and / or the second transfer position. The conveying device has at least one holding pendulum which can be arranged in a stationary manner at the transfer positions and which can be pivoted into a holding position. The lifting device has at least one holding receptacle for the holding pendulum. In the holding position, the holding pendulum can be brought into engagement with the holding receptacle by moving the holding receptacle in the lowering direction in such a way that a movement of the lifting device is blocked in the lowering direction. The holding receptacle has a first guide track. The first guide track is designed to move the holding pendulum into a first position when the holding receptacle is moved along the lowering direction or the lifting direction, in which the holding pendulum cannot be brought into engagement with the holding receptacle.

The lifting device can be, for example, a scissor lift table or a lifting station. The first transfer position and the second transfer position do not have to be arranged directly vertically to one another. Rather, the movement in the lifting direction or in the lowering direction can have a horizontal component, i.e. the lifting device and / or the lowering direction do not have to be strictly vertical. There can also be one or more intermediate positions between the first transfer position and the second transfer position, at which transfers to a conveyor device, intermediate stops without a transfer of loads or drives past without an intermediate stop can also be carried out.

The holding pendulum can be rotatably mounted at an upper end at a suspension point. The lower free end of the holding pendulum opposite the upper end can be pivoted about the upper end. The pivot or rotation axis is then located in the suspension point.

Holding pendulum and holding fixture represent a simple and robust combination that does not require an additional drive for one of the elements. The provision of a first guide track on the holding receptacle makes it possible to move the holding pendulum into a desired first position in which the holding receptacle and the holding pendulum are not in engagement simply by moving the holding receptacle or the lifting device connected to the holding receptacle. If the holding pendulum is in this first position, a relative movement of the holding receptacle and holding pendulum in the lowering direction and / or the lifting device is possible. If, on the other hand, the holding pendulum is in the holding position, the holding receptacle and holding pendulum come into engagement with a movement in the lowering direction, so that further movement of the lifting device in the lowering direction is blocked.

In one embodiment it is provided that the holding receptacle has a receiving contour which is designed to receive the holding pendulum in such a way that a movement of the lifting device in the lowering direction is blocked. The receiving contour is preferably adapted to the shape of the holding pendulum and can be designed, for example, U-shaped, wherein the opening of the U can be oriented vertically downwards.

It can be provided that the holding pendulum has a free end with a structure protruding from the plane of movement of the holding pendulum, such as a pin, a pin or a roller, which is designed to interact with the first guide track and with the receiving contour. The holding pendulum can therefore move past the holding receptacle and only the protruding structure interacts with the holding receptacle. Such a structure can preferably be attached to the lower free end of the holding pendulum. When the holding pendulum is pivoted about its upper end, the structure interacts with the first guide track, for example a roller, and can optionally roll on the first guide track and the receiving contour. This can improve the transmission of the forces exerted by the holding receptacle on the holding pendulum.

In a preferred embodiment, the holding receptacle can have a second guide track which is designed to move the holding pendulum into a second position when the holding receptacle is moved along the lowering direction or the lifting direction, in which the holding pendulum cannot be brought into engagement with the holding receptacle. The provision of a first position and a second position for the holding pendulum, in which, in contrast to the holding position, no engagement of the holding pendulum with the holding receptacle is possible, simplifies driving past a position of the lifting device actually intended for a hold. For example, the first position can be provided for driving past in the lowering direction, while the second position can be provided for driving past in the lifting direction.

In one embodiment, the holding receptacle is firmly connected to the lifting device.

In a first alternative embodiment, the holding position lies between the first and the second position. Correspondingly, the first guide track can cause the holding pendulum to deflect into the first position when the holding seat is moved along, for example, the lowering direction, and the second guide track can cause the holding pendulum to move into the second position when the holding seat is moved along, for example, the lifting device.

In a second alternative embodiment, the first and the second position are adjacent to the holding position. For example, the first position can be further away from the holding position than the second position so that, for example, in the first position it is possible to drive past a transfer position, for example in the lowering direction, and in the second position it is possible to drive past a transfer position, for example in the lifting direction.

In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that the holding receptacle has at least one guide for the holding pendulum, which is designed to move the holding pendulum in the direction of the holding position and / or wherein the holding receptacle has a deflector for the holding pendulum, which is designed for this is to move the pendulum in the direction of the first and / or the second position. This further development has the advantage that in the event of a desired or undesired sluggishness the holding pendulum this is at least partially forced. Stiffness is to be understood here as meaning that the holding pendulum remains in its position solely under the influence of gravity or other forces such as vibrations or the like.

On the one hand, the guide can be suitable for overcoming a possible stiffness of the holding pendulum once or permanently. By means of the deflector, on the other hand, together with the guide, with a suitable arrangement of guides and deflectors, a complete forced guidance of the holding pendulum can be achieved. Of course, one or more directors and one or more deflectors can be provided. In the case of a completely forced guidance, it is not necessary for the suspension point of the holding pendulum to be in the holding position above the free end of the holding pendulum. Rather, for example, to block a movement of the lifting device in the lifting direction, the free end of the holding pendulum can be provided above the suspension point of the holding pendulum. Correspondingly, to block a movement of the lifting device in the lifting direction, the holding pendulum can engage in the holding receptacle by moving the lifting device in the lifting device.

Alternatively, the holding pendulum can be moved, for example, from a first position into the holding position or from a second position into the holding position solely by means of gravity.

The object is also achieved by a method for blocking and releasing a lifting device of a lifting system with the features specified in claim 9.

Moving the lifting device into the holding pendulum receiving position enables the holding pendulum to pivot into a position in which the holding pendulum can come into engagement with the holding receptacle. This engagement of the holding pendulum in the holding receptacle is realized by the movement of the lifting device in the lowering direction. By moving the lifting device into the holding pendulum release position, the holding pendulum can move out of engagement with the holding receptacle and thus again release or enable a movement of the lifting device in the lowering direction.

In one embodiment of the method, it can be provided that the movement of the lifting device into the holding pendulum receiving position brings about a movement of the holding pendulum from a first position into a holding position. The movement of the holding pendulum can be brought about directly by the movement of the lifting device or indirectly by releasing the pivoting range required for the movement of the holding pendulum.

Correspondingly, moving the lifting device into a transfer position, for example by lowering the lifting device, can result in the holding pendulum being received in the holding receptacle. Here, too, the movement of the holding pendulum can be brought about directly by the movement of the lifting device or indirectly by releasing the pivoting range required for the movement of the holding pendulum. In the transfer position, the lifting device is on the same conveying level as the conveying device, so that conveyed loads can be easily transferred.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the method, it can be provided that moving the lifting device into the release position causes the holding pendulum to move out of the holding position into a second position. The provision of a first position and a second position next to the holding position can offer advantages for the execution of a drive past a transfer position, as has already been explained above in the case of the lifting system according to the invention.

The movement of the holding pendulum can be brought about by means of a guide force brought about by at least one guide track of the holding receptacle and / or by means of gravity and / and by means of a spring force.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figur 1

eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hubsystems in Form einer Hubstation;

Figur 2

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hubsystems in Form eines Scherenhubtisches;

Figuren 3A-3J

eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltependel-Halteaufnahme-Kombination für eine Hubvorrichtung für ein Hubsystem in verschiedene Relativpositionen;

Figuren 4A-4B

eine Veranschaulichung eines Hub- und eines Absenkvorgangs der Haltependel-Halteaufnahme-Kombination der Figuren 3A-3J;

Figuren 5A-5J

eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltependel-Halteaufnahme-Kombination für eine Hubvorrichtung für ein Hubsystem in verschiedene Relativpositionen;

Figuren 6A-6J

eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Haltependel-Halteaufnahme-Kombination für eine Hubvorrichtung für ein Hubsystem in verschiedene Relativpositionen; und

Figuren 7A-7J

eine vierte Ausführungsform einer Haltependel-Halteaufnahme-Kombination für eine Hubvorrichtung für ein Hubsystem in verschiedene Relativpositionen.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In these show:

Figure 1

a first embodiment of a lifting system according to the invention in the form of a lifting station;

Figure 2

a second embodiment of a lifting system according to the invention in the form of a scissor lift table;

Figures 3A-3J

a first embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination according to the invention for a lifting device for a lifting system in different relative positions;

Figures 4A-4B

an illustration of a lifting and a lowering process of the holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination of FIG Figures 3A-3J ;

Figures 5A-5J

a second embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination according to the invention for a lifting device for a lifting system in different relative positions;

Figures 6A-6J

a third embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination for a lifting device for a lifting system in different relative positions; and

Figures 7A-7J

a fourth embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination for a lifting device for a lifting system in different relative positions.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Figure 1 shows a lifting station 100 as an embodiment of a lifting system. The lifting station 100 is used to raise and lower loads 102 and has a lifting device 104 for conveying the loads 102 along a lifting direction 106 from a first transfer position 108 to a second transfer position 110 and vice versa along a lowering direction 112 from the second transfer position 110 to the first transfer position 108. In the case of the lifting station 100, it is also possible to assume an intermediate transfer position 114 located between the second transfer position 110 and the first transfer position 108.

The lifting device 104 has, schematically indicated, a lifting platform 116 and lifting means (not shown in greater detail) and a suitable support and guide structure 118.

At the transfer positions 108, 110, 114 a conveyor device 120 is provided, by means of which the loads 102 conveyed by the lifting device 104 can be removed from the lifting device and which is designed for an essentially horizontal further conveyance of the loads 102.

In the Figures 2A-2C a lifting system 200 with a lifting device designed as a scissor lift table 204 is shown in various positions. A lifting platform 216 can be moved in a lifting direction 206 or in a lowering direction 212. In Figure 2B If the scissor lift table 204 is in a transfer position, a transfer of a load conveyed by means of the scissor lift table 204 to a conveying device 220 can take place. The in Figure 2A The position shown, on the other hand, represents an overtravel position and the in Figure 2C The position shown is a sub-lift position.

A holding pendulum 300, which cooperates with a holding receptacle 400, is fastened to the conveying device 220. This interaction between holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 400 is shown in detail in FIGS Figures 3A-3J explained.

The Figures 3A-3J show different positions of holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 400 of a first embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination. The holding pendulum 300 is preferably attached to a conveying device, for example the conveying device 120, 220, but in any case in a stationary relationship to a conveying device. In this embodiment, the holding pendulum 300 is inherently rigid and has an upper end 302 on which a suspension or bearing point 304 is located. At the bearing point 304, the holding pendulum 300 is mounted pivotably about an axis 306 which, in the present exemplary embodiment, runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. At a lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, which is opposite the upper end 302, a roller 310 is provided which is rotatably mounted about an axis 312 which, in the present exemplary embodiment, extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. As an alternative to the roller 310, only a pin, a pin, a sliding block or some other suitable structure could be provided, which works together with the holding receptacle 400 in the form described. The structure - here the roller 310 - protrudes from the plane of the holding pendulum 300, within which the holding pendulum is pivoted or rotated. In this way, the holding pendulum 300 can pivot past the holding receptacle and only the structure - here the roller 310 - interacts with the holding receptacle and is guided by it. As an alternative to the rigid design of the retaining pendulum 300, a connection between the bearing point that can only be loaded with tension could also be used 304 and the lower end 308, for example by means of a sufficiently large rope or chain.

The holding receptacle 400 is provided with a lifting device 104, 204, as described, for example, in the description of the Figures 1 and 2A-2C is explained, connected and moves with the lifting device 104, 204 in the lifting direction 106, 206 or in the lowering direction 112, 212. The lifting direction and lowering direction can run vertically, for example. The holding receptacle 400 has a first guide track 402, a second guide track 404 and a receiving contour 406.

The first guide track 402 runs obliquely to the direction of movement, for example the lifting direction 106, 206 and is arranged in such a way that when the holding receptacle 400 moves in a first direction towards the holding pendulum 300, for example in the lifting direction 106, 206, the first contact between the holding receptacle 400 and the holding pendulum 300 on the first guide track 402 takes place.

The second guide track 404 also runs obliquely to the direction of movement, for example the lowering direction 112, 212, and is arranged in such a way that when the holding receptacle 400 moves in a second direction towards the holding pendulum 300, for example in the lowering direction 112, 212, the first contact between the holding receptacle 400 and the holding pendulum 300 takes place on the second guide track 404.

In the embodiment shown, the receiving contour 406 is arranged between the first guide track 402 and the second guide path 404 and is designed in such a way that the holding pendulum 300, in particular the lower end 308, or the roller 310 attached to the lower end 308, is received in the receiving contour 406 can be. The receiving contour 406 is essentially U-shaped and in the Figures 3A-3J The embodiment shown is open downwards, ie in the lowering direction 106, 206. The U-shaped receiving contour 406 has two legs 408, 410 or leg contours that are of unequal length. The first leg 408 is connected to the first guide track 402 via a first connection contour 412 running in the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 400. The second leg 410 directly adjoins the second guide track 404. The first leg 408 is designed to be shorter than the second leg 410, the The length of the legs 408, 410 relates to their extension in the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 400. The second guide track 404 is connected to the first guide track 402 via a second connection contour 414 running in the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 400.

In the following, a movement cycle is explained in the course of which the holding receptacle 400 moves in a lifting direction 106, 206 towards the holding pendulum 300, engages with the holding pendulum 300, that is to say is locked, is unlocked again and moves away in the lowering direction 112, 212 the holding pendulum 300 removed.

In the course of the Figures 3A-3D the holding receptacle 400 is in an upward movement due to a lifting movement of the lifting device 104, 204, ie in a movement in the lifting direction 106, 206 Figure 3A the holding receptacle 400 approaches the holding pendulum 300, has in Figure 3B A contact between the holding receptacle 400, in particular the first guide track 402 and the holding pendulum 300, in particular the roller 310 with the first guide track 402, has already taken place and the holding pendulum 300 has been pivoted from a rest position to a first position. A rotation of the holding pendulum 300 takes place from the rest position into the first position, which is shown in the illustration of FIG Figures 3A-3C corresponds to a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306 and thus in a first direction of rotation.

In Figure 3C the holding pendulum 300 has assumed the first position. The first position of the holding pendulum 300 is characterized in that with a further upward movement of the holding receptacle 400 no further pivoting of the holding pendulum 300 takes place, since the roller 310 has reached the end of the first guide track 402 and is now in contact with the connecting contour 412, which extends essentially in the direction of movement. In other words: the holding pendulum 300 has reached a maximum deflection in this direction of rotation and no longer stands in the way of a further upward movement of the holding receptacle 400, so that no further deflection or pivoting takes place either.

In Figure 3D the roller 310 has passed the lower end of the connecting contour 412 and is now in contact with the second leg 410. After leaving the Connecting contour 412, the force of gravity acting on holding pendulum 300 has holding pendulum 300 again from the maximum deflection in the first position of FIG Figure 3C back towards the basic position of the Figure 3A pivoted into the holding position, but without reaching the basic position. The holding pendulum 300 is rotated about its axis of rotation 306 in a second direction of rotation - opposite to the first direction of rotation. This convention - the first direction of rotation is opposite to the second direction of rotation - is used throughout here and below.

When the Figures 3C-3D this corresponds to a counterclockwise rotation. The holding position is therefore between the basic position and the first position. The holding position is in Figure 3D shown. When the Figure 3D the upward movement of the holding receptacle 400 ends in the lifting direction 106, 206. In this position, the lifting device 104, 204 is in overtravel.

Between the position of the lifting device 104, 204 or the holding receptacle 400 in Figure 3D and the in Figure 3E A downward movement of the lifting device in the lowering direction 112, 212 takes place, so that with the position shown in FIG Figure 3E the first transfer position has been reached. The holding pendulum 300 is in engagement with the holding receptacle 400, in particular the lower end 308, respectively the roller 310, is in engagement with the receiving contour 406 of the holding receptacle 400. Due to the engagement of the roller 310 in the receiving contour 406, there is a relative movement between the holding receptacles 400 and holding pendulum 300 and thus also a relative movement between lifting device 104, 204 and conveying device 120, 220 are largely prevented. In particular, those relative movements are blocked which would result in a lowering of the lifting device 104, 204 or the holding receptacle 400 relative to the conveying device 120, 220 or the holding pendulum 300.

To release the connection between the pendulum support 300 and the holding receptacle 400, the lifting device 104, 204 and with it the holding receptacle 400 perform a movement in the lifting direction 106, 206, see FIG Figures 3F and 3G . As a result, the lifting device 104, 204 comes into overtravel again. In this case, this overstroke is greater than that in Figure 3D represented, ie, the one in Figure 3D assumed position of the holding receptacle 400 is located in the stroke direction 106, 206 above the in Figure 3G position of the holding receptacle 400 shown. This is due to the fact that the in Figure 3D as a stop for the holding pendulum 300, in particular for the roller 310 at the lower end 308 of the second leg 410 serving the holding pendulum 300 is longer than the first leg 408. In other words, the stroke direction 104, 204 is driven so far in overstroke, until the holding pendulum 300 can pivot past the second leg 410 into its basic position in the second direction of rotation.

When the basic position is reached, the lifting device 104, 204 can either continue the movement and move to a further transfer position in the lifting direction. Alternatively, as in the Figures 3H-3J As shown, the lifting device 104, 204 can reverse the direction of movement and move in the lowering direction 112, 212. The second guide track 404 contacts the lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, in particular the roller 310, and, through the continued movement in the lowering direction 112, 212, sets the holding pendulum 300 in a pivoting movement in the second direction of rotation, which runs opposite to the pivoting movement that occurs through the first guideway 402 is caused. Accordingly, when it leaves the second guideway 404, the holding pendulum 300 assumes a second position which, corresponding to the first position, represents a maximum deflection of the holding pendulum 300. The first position and the second position thus mark the maximum deflections of the holding pendulum 300 in the respective direction of rotation that occur during the operation of the lifting system 100, 200 and limit the possible pivoting or rotating range.

After leaving the second guideway 404, the holding pendulum 300 slides or rolls along the second connecting contour 414 (see FIG Figure 3I ) until it loses contact with the holding fixture 400 (see Figure 3J ). The holding pendulum 300 then returns to its basic position, driven by gravity, as shown in FIG Figure 3J is shown and rotates in the first direction of rotation.

The one in the Figures 3A-3J The sequence of movements shown corresponds to approaching a transfer position from below. For approaching the transfer position from above, the first one would be in the Figures 3G-3J to complete the sequence of movements shown before entering the Figures 3A-3E shown movement patterns could take place.

The Figures 4A and 4B illustrate the path that the lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 travels when the lifting device 104, 204 or the holding receptacle 400 in the lifting direction 106, 206 ( Figure 4A ) or in lowering direction 112, 212 ( Figure 4B ) passes the conveying device 120, 220 or the holding pendulum 300 without the holding pendulum 300 coming into engagement with the holding receptacle 400.

In Figure 4A the sequence of movements of the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 is shown when the holding receptacle 400 moves past the holding pendulum 300 in the stroke direction 106, 206. Initially, the pendulum holder 300 is in the basic position. If the free end 308 contacts the first guide track 402, the holding pendulum 300 is deflected into the first position with a rotation in the first direction of rotation. While the free end 308 contacts the connection contour 412, the pendulum 300 remains in the first position. After leaving the connecting contour 412, the holding pendulum 300 pivots with a rotation in the second direction of rotation into the holding position, since the weight force acting on the holding pendulum 300 causes the holding pendulum 300 to pivot in the direction of the basic position until the free end 308 is in contact with the second leg 410 arrives. Due to the continued vertical movement in the lifting direction 106, the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 slides along the second leg 410. After the contact between holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 400 has ended, holding pendulum 300 is released so that it swings back into the basic position.

Figure 4B illustrates the sequence of movements of the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 when the holding seat 400 drives past in the lowering direction 112, 212. Starting from the basic position, the holding seat 400 first passes the upper end 302 of the holding pendulum, in particular the bearing point 304 and reaches the lower end 308 the roller 310 contacts the second guide path 404 of the holding receptacle 400, whereby the holding pendulum 300 with continued lowering movement of the holding receptacle 400 into the second position is pivoted or rotated about the axis 306 counterclockwise, ie in the second direction of rotation. After leaving the second guideway 404, the free end 308 slides along the second connecting contour 414 without any further rotation or pivoting of the holding pendulum 300 taking place. After leaving the second connecting contour 414, the holding pendulum 300 is subject to gravity alone and returns to its basic position.

In the movement sequences shown, there is no latching between holding receptacle 400 and holding pendulum 300.

In the Figures 5A-5J Different positions of the holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 400 of a second embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination are shown. In contrast to the first embodiment, which is shown in Figures 3A-3J is shown, the holding receptacle 400 is supplemented by guide structures. Depending on the design, these guide structures enable partial or complete forced guidance of the holding pendulum 300. This has the advantage that the resetting of the holding pendulum 300 brought about by the weight can be supported. With a completely forced operation, resetting by the force of weight can be dispensed with. This can be of interest in particular if, when designing the holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination, it is to be expected that, for example, due to dirt or the like, the holding pendulum is expected to be sluggish to such an extent that an automatic return of the holding pendulum is unlikely. The actual holding receptacle 400 and the holding pendulum 300 are designed identically to the first embodiment. Accordingly, the same reference symbols are used and the corresponding features are not explained again.

It will now be described below in the description of the Figures 5A-5J at the points where the sequence of movements differs from that of the Figures 3A-3J differs, discussed the corresponding differences.

This in Figure 5A The holding pendulum 300 shown differs from the embodiment of FIG Figures 3A-3J cannot be moved back into a basic position by the force of weight alone. Rather, a restoring force must be used when returning to the basic position be applied, which is greater than that exerted by the force of weight. In addition, in addition to the features already described, the holding receptacle 400 has directors 416, 418, 420 and 422. All directors 416-422 are firmly connected to the holding receptacle 400 and move with it when the lifting device 104, 204 moves in the lifting direction 106, 206 or in the lowering direction 112, 212.

The guides 416, 418 are located above the holding receptacle 400 and are used to forcibly return the holding pendulum 300 to the position shown in FIG Figure 5A Basic position shown during a lifting movement of the holding receptacle 400.

The first guide 416 is arranged at an angle to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 400 and, upon contact with the lower free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, during a lifting movement of the holding receptacle 400 in the lifting direction 106, 206 leads to a pivoting movement of the holding pendulum 300 in the direction of FIG Figure 5A shown basic position. According to the representation of the Figure 5A a rotational movement about the axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise, ie in the second direction of rotation, instead.

The second guide 418 is also arranged obliquely to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 400 and likewise leads to a return of the holding pendulum 300 to the basic position when the holding receptacle 400 is lifted in the lifting direction 106, 206. However, the incline of the second guide is arranged in such a way that a rotary movement according to FIG Figure 5A takes place in a clockwise direction, ie in the first direction of rotation.

The one in the Figures 5A-5J The first guide 416 and the second guide 418 would be dispensable, since the movements of the holding pendulum 300 caused by the holding receptacle 400 should not result in a position of the holding pendulum 300 which makes the guide 416, 418 necessary. However, independently of the movements induced by the holding receptacle 400, a rotation of the holding pendulum 300 can occur, for example during maintenance operations or as a result of unforeseen influences, such that a reset with one of the directors 416, 418 is necessary.

The guides 416, 418 already described are independent of the rotatability of the holding pendulum 300 based on the weight force, even in the configuration shown in the first embodiment of FIG Figures 3A-3J applicable. In this case, the directors 416, 418 represent a safety feature which brings about an alignment of the holding pendulum 300 before the first contact of the lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 with the holding receptacle 400, in particular with the first guide track 402.

A third guide 420 is arranged at least partially below the holding seat 400 and, like the first guide 416, causes the holding pendulum 300 to rotate counterclockwise when the holding seat 400 moves in the lifting direction 106, 206 when it comes into contact with the lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, so in the first direction of rotation towards the basic position. The third guide 420 does not necessarily have to be designed in such a way that it rotates the holding pendulum 300 completely back into the basic position. Rather, with the third guide 420, the holding pendulum 300 can be rotated, on the one hand, into the holding position and, on the other hand, into a position such that when the movement of the lifting device 104, 204 is reversed, contact with the second guide path 404 occurs.

In the embodiment shown, a fourth guide 422 is combined with the second guide 418 and has an orientation that is at least partially parallel to the first and second guide 416, 420. In the event of contact with the lower end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 during a lowering movement of the holding receptacle 400 in the lowering direction 112, 212, the fourth guide 422 causes the holding pendulum 300 to be returned to the position shown in FIG Figure 5A shown basic position. During this return movement, the holding pendulum 300 or its free end 308 is rotated about the axis of rotation 306 in the clockwise direction in the first direction of rotation as shown in FIG Figures 5A-5J instead of. This fourth marshaller 422 could also be used in the first embodiment of Figures 3A-3J can be used. A fifth guide (not shown) corresponding to the fourth guide 422 could be arranged in analogy to the fourth guide 422 on the first guide 416 or combined with it, so that an X-shaped structure would result overall.

In Figure 5A the holding pendulum 300 is in a basic position that differs from that of the Figure 3A differs. The reason for this lies in the changed resetting of the holding pendulum 300. This fact will become apparent at the end of the description of the Figure 5J surrender.

In the following, a movement cycle will now be described, in the course of which the holding pendulum 300 engages with the holding receptacle 400 and is unlocked again.

In the Figures 5A-5D a lifting movement of the holding receptacle 400, caused by a lifting movement of the lifting device 104, 204, takes place along the lifting direction 106, 206. In Figure 5A the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 has already passed the guide 416, 418, as a result of which - if necessary - the holding pendulum 300 has been rotated into its basic position. The free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 then comes into contact with the first guide track 402 of the holding receptacle 400 Figures 3A-3C explained, the movement of the holding receptacle 400 causes a rotation of the holding pendulum 300 in the first position - according to FIG Figures 5B-5D clockwise in the first direction of rotation.

After reaching this first position and after leaving the connecting contour 412, the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 comes into contact with the third guide 420. This is shown in FIG Figure 5C shown. During the continued movement of the receiving contour 400 in the stroke direction 106, 206, in the first exemplary embodiment, FIG Figures 3C-3D the holding pendulum 300 is reset solely by gravity. In the embodiment of the described here Figures 5A-5J on the other hand, the return of the holding pendulum 300 takes place by the third guide 420. As already explained above, this is arranged in such a way that upon contact with the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, such a force is exerted on the holding pendulum 300 that the holding pendulum 300 assumes the holding position, i.e., a rotational movement of the free one End 308 about the axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation, as in the Figures 5C-5D pictured.

When the stop position is reached - see Figure 5D The movement of the holding receptacle 400 ends in the stroke direction 106, 206. Then there is a movement of the holding receptacle 400 is initiated in the lowering direction 112, 212 and the free end 308 and the receiving contour 406 come into engagement, as was already the case with the Figure 3E explained. This situation is in Figure 5E shown.

In order to unlock the holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 400, a movement in the stroke direction 106, 206 of the holding receptacle 400 is initiated again. The free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 again comes into contact with the third guide 420, which in turn causes the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 to rotate about the axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation. This is in the Figures 5F and 5G shown. The rotation of the holding pendulum 300 takes place so far that the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 and the receiving contour 406 of the holding receptacle 400 are no longer aligned with one another in the direction of movement, but are offset from one another. This situation is in Figure 5G shown. The upward movement of the holding receptacle 400 in the lifting direction 106, 206, which is necessary for unlocking, can now end. If a further movement of the lifting device 104, 204 in the lifting direction 106, 206 is provided, this movement can be continued. If, on the other hand, the lifting device 104, 204 is to be moved further in the lowering direction 112, 212 instead, this can now also take place or be continued. As already described in the first exemplary embodiment, the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 is guided through the second guide track 404 and the connecting contour 414 and the holding pendulum 300 is in the second position by rotating around the axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation - as in the Figures 5H and 5I shown - moved.

With a continuation of the downward movement of the holding receptacle 400 in the lowering direction 112, 212 - as in FIG Figures 5E-5J - the fourth guide 422 resets the holding pendulum 300 when its free end 308 comes into contact with the fourth guide 422. The holding pendulum 300 rotates about its axis of rotation 306 in a clockwise direction in the first direction of rotation. If the downward movement of the holding receptacle 400 is continued further in the lowering direction 112, the holding pendulum 300 remains in this position.

The Figures 6A-6J show various positions of a holding pendulum 300 and positions of a third embodiment of a holding receptacle 500 in a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination. Features of the holding receptacle 500 which are the same or comparable to those of the embodiment of the holding receptacle 400 of FIG Figures 3A-3J and 5A-5J are denoted by reference numerals to which 100 has been added.

The arrangement of holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 500 basically corresponds to the first and second embodiment of FIG Figures 3A-3J and 5A-5J . Correspondingly, the holding pendulum 300 is rotatably attached to a conveying device, for example the conveying device 120, 220. In this third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is provided that the holding pendulum 300 returns to its basic position solely via the force of weight. To support the return of the holding pendulum 300, directors can be provided, comparable to the structures 416-422 of the second embodiment, as they are in the description of FIGS Figures 5A-5J is explained.

The holding receptacle 500 is comparable to the first embodiment, as described in the description of FIG Figures 3A-3J is connected to a lifting device 104, 204 and moves with this in the lifting direction 106, 206 or lowering direction 112, 212. The holding receptacle 500 has a guide track 502, a receiving contour 506, and connecting contours 512 connecting the guide track 502 and the receiving contour 506, 514 on.

The first guide track 502 runs obliquely to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 500 and is designed such that the holding pendulum 300 is pivoted into its first position when the holding receptacle 500 moves in the lowering direction 112, 212 - in the illustration of FIG Figures 6A and 6B this corresponds to a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306, ie in the first direction of rotation. With such a movement, the holding pendulum 300 moves away from its in Figure 6A basic position shown, in which the pendulum support 300 is aligned essentially vertically.

In contrast to the first embodiment, the holding receptacle 500 itself does not have a contour comparable to the second guide path 404, since for the holding pendulum 300 in FIG In this third embodiment, only movements on one side of the holding receptacle 500 are provided. Instead of a second guide track 404, a guide structure 524 is provided. The guide structure 524 has a guide track 526 and a deflector track 528. In the event of contact between the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 and the guide track 524 during an upward movement of the holding receptacle 500 in the lifting direction 106, 206, the guide track 524 leads to a movement of the holding pendulum 300 in the direction of its basic position. This corresponds to in the figure Figures 6F and 6G a rotation of the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation. The deflector track 528 leads, upon contact between the roller 310 of the holding pendulum 300 and the deflector track 528 during a lowering movement of the holding receptacle 500 in the lowering direction 112, 212, to a movement of the holding pendulum 300 away from its basic position. This corresponds to in the figure Figures 6A-6J a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306 in the first direction of rotation. In the in the Figures 6A-6J The embodiment shown, the guide track 524 and the deflector track 528 run essentially parallel. But this is not necessary. Guide track 524 and deflector track 528 can each take a separately optimized course.

In the following, the differences in the movement cycle resulting from the different design of the holding receptacle 500 and the guide structure 524 will now be explained on the basis of FIG Figures 6A-6J explained to the cycle of movement, which in the Figures 3A-3J is shown.

The one in the Figures 6A-6E The sequence of movements shown represents a locking of the holding pendulum 300 with the holding receptacle 500, in particular the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 with the receptacle contour 506 of the holding receptacle 500. The movements of the holding receptacle 500 or the lifting device 104, 204 in principle correspond to the movements in the first embodiment of the Figures 3A-3J be performed. In the Figures 6B and 6C the holding pendulum 300 is in a first position. In contrast to the first embodiment, however, the holding pendulum 300 is in the position shown in FIG Figure 6E locking position shown essentially in its basic position. This has the advantage that forces that are exerted by the holding receptacle 500 on the holding pendulum 300 or indirectly by the lifting device 104, 204 on the conveying device 120, 220 are transmitted, can be better recorded. In addition, in this case it is not absolutely necessary to make the second leg 510 of the receiving contour 506 longer than the first leg 508, provided that the free pendulum movement of the holding pendulum 300 is dampened.

In the Figures 6F-6H a disengaging movement of the holding pendulum 300 from the holding receptacle 500 is shown. Between Figures 6F and 6H the holding receptacle 500 or the lifting device 104, 204 moves in the lifting direction 106, 206. As a result, the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300, for example the roller 310 located at this free end 308, with the guide structure 524, in particular with the guide path 526, comes in Contact. The guide track 526 moves the holding pendulum 300 from its basic position into a second position, which it is in Figure 6G has reached. During the upward movement of the holding receptacle 500, which continues after the basic position has been reached, the holding pendulum 300 moves back into its basic position, which it maintains when the holding receptacle 500 or the lifting device 104, 204 continues to move upward.

The Figures 6I and 6J show the course of movement of the holding pendulum 300 when the holding receptacle 500 travels past in the lowering direction 112, 212 on the conveying device 104, 204. First, the holding pendulum 300 or its free end 308 proceeds from the basic position - as in FIG Figure 6H shown - in contact with the guide structure 524. The deflector track 528 located on the guide structure 524 guides the free end 308 and thus causes a movement of the holding pendulum 300 out of its basic position into a third position, which it is in the course of the downward movement of the holding receptacle 500 shortly before the loss of contact between the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 and the guide structure 524 assumes. The pendulum 308 executes as shown in FIG Figures 6A-6J a clockwise rotation about its axis of rotation 306 in the first direction of rotation. Thereafter, the weight acting on the holding pendulum 300 causes a return of the holding pendulum 300 to the first position, which is in the Figures 6J is shown and the position of Figure 6B corresponds to. In this case, the holding pendulum 300 again rotates about its axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation according to FIG Figures 6J and 6A instead of. Overall, with the third embodiment of the holding receptacle 500, the holding pendulum 300 is guided on only one side of the Holding receptacle 500 and in particular a latching of holding receptacle 500 and holding pendulum 300 is possible in a largely vertical rest position of holding pendulum 300, which enables an optimized flow of force from lifting device 104, 204 to conveying device 120, 220.

In the Figures 7A-7J a further fourth embodiment of a holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination is shown. In addition to the holding pendulum 300 already described in the previous embodiments, this combination has an alternatively designed holding receptacle 600. Features of the holding receptacle 600 which are the same or comparable to those of the first, second and third embodiments described above are denoted by reference symbols to which 100 and 200 have been added. The one in the Figures 6A-6J The illustrated sequence of movements of the third embodiment is reset of the holding pendulum 300 by the force of weight. In contrast to this, the one in the Figures 7A-7J The fourth embodiment shown is exclusively positively guided, ie a movement of the holding pendulum 300 takes place exclusively through guide tracks or contours. Resetting by weight is not provided.

The fourth embodiment of the Figures 7A-7J has a holding receptacle 600 which is comparable to the holding receptacle 500 of FIG Figures 6A-6J Provides guidance of the holding pendulum 300 on only one side of the directions of movement 106, 206, 112, 212 and correspondingly on only one side of the holding receptacle 600. The holding receptacle 600 itself does not have a first guide track 402 with which a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 in the first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation 306 could be effected. A connection contour 612 is provided which runs essentially parallel to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 600. In the same way as in the previously described embodiments, there is a receiving contour 606 which interacts with the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 in such a way that a support or latching can take place between the holding pendulum 300 and the holding receptacle 600.

In addition to the actual holding receptacle 600, there are two guide structures 630, 632. The first guide structure 630 fulfills its function during a downward movement of the holding receptacle 600 in the lowering direction 112, 212, to return the holding pendulum back to the basic position about its axis of rotation 306 counterclockwise in the second direction of rotation as shown in FIG Figures 7I-7J to turn. For this purpose, the guide structure 630 has a guide track 631 which is oriented obliquely to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 600 or the lifting device 104, 204. The second guide structure 632 fulfills a twofold function: A first guide track 634 of the second guide structure 632 is arranged at an angle to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 600 when moving in the lowering direction 112, 212 that a rotation of the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306 away from the basic position in a latching or supporting position takes place. This rotation corresponds to the Figures 7B-7D a counterclockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 in the second direction of rotation. A second guide track 636 of the guide structure 632 is arranged at an angle to the direction of movement of the holding receptacle 600 when the holding receptacle moves in the lowering direction 112, 212, that when the free movable end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 comes into contact with the second guide track 636 of the guide structure 632, the holding pendulum is off the support or locking position is turned away clockwise in the first direction of rotation. When the lowering movement of the holding receptacle 600 continues, the free end of the holding pendulum strikes the guide track 631 of the first guide structure 630.

A detailed description of the movement cycle is dispensed with due to the extensive similarities. In the following, the differences in the sequence of movements of the holding pendulum 300 and holding receptacle 600 are primarily discussed.

Figure 7A shows the starting or basic position of the holding pendulum 300. In the basic position of the fourth embodiment, the holding pendulum 300 is not exactly in a vertical orientation. But this is just arbitrary. An exactly vertical alignment or another basic position could also be selected in which the holding pendulum 300 encloses a larger angle or an angle with a different sign with the vertical. In the course of the Figures 7A to Figure 7C the holding receptacle 600 performs an upward movement, caused by a lifting movement along a lifting direction 106, 206 of the lifting device 104, 204, with which the holding receptacle 600 is fixed connected is. During this movement, the holding pendulum 300 is brought into its latching or supporting position by the guide structure 632, which it is in Figure 7C takes. Between Figures 7C and 7D the holding receptacle 600 has carried out a movement in the lowering direction 112, 212, so that the free end 308, for example a roller 310 attached to it or a pin or tenon located there. is in engagement with the receiving contour 606 of the holding receptacle.

In the Figures 7E and 7F an unlocking or releasing movement is shown, during which the holding receptacle is in an upward movement in the lifting direction 106, 206. During this movement, the second leg 610 of the receiving contour 606, which in this fourth embodiment is made significantly longer than the second leg 410 of the first embodiment, guides the free end 306 and rotates the holding pendulum 300 in the direction of the basic position, which is shown in the illustration in FIG Figures 7E-7F corresponds to a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 in the first direction of rotation. Upon reaching the position of the holding pendulum 300 and the holding receptacle 600 as in Figure 7F As shown, a movement of the holding receptacle 600 in the stroke direction 106, 206 can be continued without a further rotation of the holding pendulum 300 being carried out. This is in Figure 7G pictured.

If, on the other hand, the direction of movement is reversed and the holding receptacle 600 moves instead in the lowering direction 112, 212, the free end 308 of the holding pendulum 300 comes into contact with the second guide track 636. This is in the Figures 7H-7J shown. The guide track 636 causes the holding pendulum 300 to rotate away from the latching or supporting position, which is reflected in the Figures 7H-7I corresponds to a clockwise rotation of the holding pendulum 300 in the first direction of rotation. This rotation would in and of itself not be necessary, since the holding pendulum 300 would move past the holding receptacle 600 without locking with the receiving contour 606, but is due to the presence of the guide path 634.

In order to reverse this rotation and to move the holding pendulum 300 back into the basic position after it has passed the holding receptacle 600, the guide structure 630, in particular its guide path 631, is provided. The guide structure 630 rotates the holding pendulum 300 about its axis of rotation 306 back into the basic position, which is shown in FIGS. 7A and 7J. In the figures mentioned, this rotation corresponds to a counterclockwise rotation in the second direction of rotation.

Overall, this results in a simple and reliable holding pendulum-holding receptacle combination.

Claims (13)

1. A lifting system (100, 200) for lifting and/or lowering loads (102, 202), having

   a) a lifting apparatus (104, 204) suitable for conveying loads (102, 202) along a lifting direction (106, 206) from a first transfer position (108) to a second transfer position (110) and along a lowering direction (112, 212) from the second transfer position (110) to the first transfer position (108),
   wherein

   b) the lifting system comprises a conveying apparatus (120, 220) suitable for assumption of the loads (102, 202) conveyed by the lifting apparatus (104, 204) at the first and/or the second transfer position (108, 110),
   characterised in that

   c) the conveying apparatus (120, 220) has at least one retaining pendulum (300), which can be pivoted to a retaining position,

   d) that the lifting apparatus (104, 204) has at least one retaining mount (400, 500, 600) for the retaining pendulum (300),

   e) that the retaining pendulum (300), in the retaining position, can be brought into engagement with the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) by a movement of the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) in the lowering direction (112, 212) such that a movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) in the lowering direction (112, 212) is blocked and/or the retaining pendulum (300), in the retaining position, can be brought into engagement with the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) by a movement of the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) in the lifting direction (106, 206) such that a movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) in the lifting direction (106, 206) is blocked,

   f) that the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) has a first guide track (404, 502, 610), and

   g) that the first guide track (404, 502, 610) is configured to, upon a movement of the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) along the lifting direction (106, 206) or the lowering direction (112, 212), move the retaining pendulum (300) to a first position, in which the retaining pendulum (300) cannot be brought into engagement with the retaining mount (400, 500, 600).
2. The lifting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) has a mount contour (406, 506, 606) configured to mount the retaining pendulum (300) such that a movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) in the lowering direction (112, 212) or in the lifting direction (106, 206) is blocked.
3. The lifting system as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining pendulum (300) has a movable end (308) configured to cooperate with the first guide track (404, 420, 524, 610) and with the mount contour (406, 506, 606).
4. The lifting system as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) has a second guide track (404, 420, 526, 636) configured to, upon movement of the retaining mount along the lowering direction (112, 212) or the lifting direction (106, 206), bring the retaining pendulum (300) a second position, in which the retaining pendulum (300) cannot be brought into engagement with the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) upon the movement.
5. The lifting system as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) is fixed to the lifting apparatus (104, 204).
6. The lifting system as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining position is arranged between the first and the second position.
7. The lifting system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and the second position are arranged alongside the retaining position.
8. The lifting system as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) has a guiding-in member (416-420) for the retaining pendulum (300), the guiding-in member (416-420) being configured to move the retaining pendulum (300) in the direction of the retaining position and/or wherein the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) has a deflecting member (428, 636) for the retaining pendulum (300), the deflecting member (428, 636) being configured to move the retaining pendulum (300) in the direction of the first and/or of the second position.
9. A method for blocking and releasing a lifting apparatus (104, 204) of a lifting system (100, 200) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting system (100, 200) has a lifting apparatus (104, 204) suitable for conveying loads (102, 202) along a lifting direction (106, 206) from a first transfer position (108) to a second transfer position (110) and along a lowering direction (112, 212) from the second transfer position (110) to the first transfer position (108), and a conveying apparatus (120, 220) suitable for assumption of the loads (102, 202) conveyed by the lifting apparatus (104, 204) at the first and/or the second transfer position, wherein the conveying apparatus (120, 220) has at least one retaining pendulum (300), which can be pivoted to a retaining position, wherein the lifting apparatus (104, 204) has at least one retaining mount (400, 500, 600) for the retaining pendulum (300), having the following steps:

   - moving the lifting apparatus (104, 204) in the lifting direction (106, 206) to a retaining pendulum mounting position above the transfer position (110);

   - moving the lifting apparatus (104, 204) in the lowering direction (112, 212) to the transfer position (110);

   - moving the lifting apparatus (104, 204) to a retaining pendulum release position above the transfer position (110).
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) to the retaining pendulum mounting position causes a movement of the retaining pendulum (300) out of a first position to a retaining position.
11. The method as claimed in either of the preceding claims 9 and 10, wherein the movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) to the transfer position (110) causes a mounting of the retaining pendulum (30) in the retaining mount (400, 500, 600).
12. The method as claimed in one of preceding claims 9 to 11, wherein the movement of the lifting apparatus (104, 204) to the release position causes a movement of the retaining pendulum (300) out of the retaining position to a second position.
13. The method as claimed in one of preceding claims 9 to 12, wherein the movement of the retaining pendulum (300) is caused by means of a guiding force effected by at least one guide track of the retaining mount (400, 500, 600) and/or by means of gravitational force and/or by means of a spring force.

Images