EP3370244B1 - Elektromagnetisch betriebene vorrichtung und elektromagnetisch betriebene schaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetisch betriebene vorrichtung und elektromagnetisch betriebene schaltvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3370244B1
EP3370244B1 EP18154510.4A EP18154510A EP3370244B1 EP 3370244 B1 EP3370244 B1 EP 3370244B1 EP 18154510 A EP18154510 A EP 18154510A EP 3370244 B1 EP3370244 B1 EP 3370244B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turn
electromagnetic
electromagnetic operation
operation device
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP18154510.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3370244A1 (de
Inventor
Kunihiko Tomiyasu
Takashi Sato
Masato Yabu
Kozo Tamura
Yuuki Tai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3370244A1 publication Critical patent/EP3370244A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/26—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil having thermo-sensitive input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/68—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
    • H01H2011/0068—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity measuring the temperature of the switch or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic operation device and an electromagnetic operation-type switching apparatus and, more particularly, to an electromagnetic operation device and an electromagnetic operation-type switching apparatus which are suitable for operating a switching device, such as a circuit breaker, by using electromagnetic force.
  • an electromagnetic operation device that employs an electromagnet is used.
  • This electromagnetic operation device is generally composed of an electromagnet coil for forming the electromagnet, a capacitor accumulating energy for exciting the electromagnet coil, and a control circuit for causing the electromagnet coil and the capacitor to be electrically conducted according to a turn-on command or turn-off command to the switching device.
  • a contact pressure spring for applying contact force to a contact point in a turn-on state and a tripping spring for turning off the contact point are subjected to energy accumulation and the contact point is opened by using the accumulated energies of the both springs in a turn-off operation (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
  • the capacitor and the electromagnet coil which constitute the electromagnetic operation device are affected by ambient temperature to change their characteristics. For example, the electrostatic capacity of the capacitor is increased in response to a temperature increase. Since the energy that is accumulated in the capacitor is proportional to the electrostatic capacity of the capacitor, if the electrostatic capacity is increased, the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is increased.
  • the resistance of a conducting wire constituting the electromagnet coil is increased in response to a temperature increase. If the resistance of the conducting wire is increased, the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is reduced.
  • a permanent magnet that is used for retaining the turn-on state is reduced in residual magnetic flux in response to a temperature increase.
  • the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is required to be increased. That is, a required electromagnetic force and a generated electromagnetic force are changed according to ambient temperature.
  • the electromagnetic operation device In order that turn-on operation is normally carried out even in any ambient temperature, the electromagnetic operation device is required to be designed on condition that the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is minimized. When the ambient temperature is changed and the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is increased, the electromagnetic operation device is operated at an excessive speed, and mechanical loads to components constituting equipment are increased. As a result, adverse effects of shortening the service life of the equipment and exceeding the design strength of the equipment occur.
  • resistors for limiting the excitation current of the electromagnet coil are switched according to ambient temperature and an electromagnetic force is controlled within a specified range (for example, Patent Document 2). This is to maintain the electromagnetic force, generated by limiting the excitation current of the electromagnet coil, within a certain range by selecting one resistor from a plurality of existing limiting-resistors according to the ambient temperature.
  • US 5 784 244 A discloses a device with the features in the preamble of present claim 1. Another conventional electromagnetic operation device is described in US 2015/206676 A1 .
  • the switching device when one resistor is selected from the plurality of existing limiting-resistors and when a sensor reading the ambient temperature and a signal path from the sensor to a switching device fail, the switching device is in a state of connecting to any limiting resistors and does not operate. In this state, when the ambient temperature changes, the excitation current of the required electromagnet coil cannot be made to flow since the limiting resistors are large, and there is a probability that the turn-on operation will fail.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the foregoing, and its object is to provide an electromagnetic operation device and an electromagnetic operation-type switching apparatus which change an excitation current of an electromagnet coil in response to a change in ambient temperature and, even if a sensor that measures the ambient temperature fails, can normally realize (complete) a turn-on operation.
  • an electromagnetic operation device of the present invention has the features defined in claim 1.
  • the excitation current of the electromagnet coil is changed in response to a change in ambient temperature and, even if a sensor that measures the ambient temperature fails, the turn-on operation can be normally realized (completed).
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing an electromagnetic operation-type switching apparatus which is equipped with an electromagnetic operation device of a first embodiment according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetic operation-type switching apparatus 100 is generally composed of a switching device (a switching portion 15) such as a vacuum circuit breaker, an electromagnetic operation device 1 operating the switching portion 15, and a lever 10 connecting the electromagnetic operation device 1 and the switching portion 15 via a first link mechanism 7, a second link mechanism 9, and a third link mechanism 12.
  • a switching device such as a vacuum circuit breaker
  • an electromagnetic operation device 1 operating the switching portion 15 and a lever 10 connecting the electromagnetic operation device 1 and the switching portion 15 via a first link mechanism 7, a second link mechanism 9, and a third link mechanism 12.
  • the electromagnetic operation device 1 is generally composed of a rod 3 and a movable flat plate 4, which are connected to a movable iron core 2 vertically moving up and down, an electromagnet coil 5, and a permanent magnet 6, and is connected to the lever 10 via the first link mechanism 7, a connection component 8, and the second link mechanism 9.
  • a control circuit is fixed to a right side surface of a case 32, when viewed from a direction of an arrow P in Fig. 1 , by using a bolt and a nut through a spacer. Excitation current is supplied to the electromagnet coil 5 from this control circuit and the movable iron core 2 then moves up and down.
  • the lever 10 rotates about a shaft 11, whereby a connection component 13 and a rod 14 that are coupled to the lever 10 through the third link mechanism 12 move up and down and a contact point provided in the switching portion 15 separates (breaks down).
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit for driving the electromagnetic operation device 1 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the control circuit of this embodiment for controlling connection of the electromagnet coil 5 to a capacitor 21 is composed of an on-off switch 22, a limiting resistor 23 for limiting electric current at the time of turn-on operation, a limiting resistor 24 for limiting electric current at the time of turn-off operation, a first switching relay 25 that is switched in conjunction with the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation, a second switching relay 26, a third switching relay 27, a fourth switching relay 28, a state sensor 29 monitoring an ambient temperature state, and a relay 30 that is a short-circuiting mechanism connected in parallel with the limiting resistor 23 at the time of turn-on operation and interlocking the state sensor 29 to short-circuit the limiting resistor 23 at the time of turn-on operation.
  • contact points c of the first switching relay 25, second switching relay 26, third switching relay 27, and fourth switching relay 28 connect to contact points a and, in the turn-off operation, as shown by broken lines in Fig. 2 , the contact points c of the first switching relay 25, second switching relay 26, third switching relay 27, and fourth switching relay 28 connect to contact points b.
  • the relay 30 is a normally-closed contact point (normally “closed” and, when a signal (power) is inputted, “opened") and inserted in such a manner to short-circuit the limiting resistor 23 at the time of turn-on operation. That is, when the relay 30 is electrically conducted by a command from the state sensor 29 (when the signal (power) is inputted), the relay 30 becomes an off-state.
  • the state sensor 29 includes, for example, a temperature measuring means (a thermocouple, a thermometer, etc.) measuring ambient temperature, and directs opening of the relay 30 according to the resistance of the electromagnet coil 5 that corresponds to ambient temperature, the residual magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6, and a temperature characteristic such as the electrostatic capacity of the capacitor 21.
  • a temperature measuring means a thermocouple, a thermometer, etc.
  • the relay 30 when the ambient temperature becomes a state in which it increases electromagnetic force at the time of turn-on operation, the relay 30 is opened.
  • the excitation current of the electromagnet coil 5 is restricted, and a mechanical load at the time of turn-on operation by excessive electromagnetic force can be reduced.
  • a signal path fails, for example, when a cable that connects the relay 30 and the state sensor 29 is broken, the signal (power) is not inputted to the relay 30 as well, so that the same state as described above occurs, so that the excitation current of the electromagnet coil 5 becomes the largest and the turn-on operation can be completed even in any state within the design range.
  • the excitation current of the electromagnet coil 5 is restricted, the mechanical load at the time of turn-on operation by the excessive electromagnetic force can be reduced and, even if by any chance the state sensor 29 that obtains information of the ambient temperature, or the signal path fails, the turn-on operation can be normally completed.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit for driving an electromagnetic operation device of a second embodiment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control circuit shown in Fig. 3 is configured to have a structure in which n pairs (a plurality) of combinations of the limiting resistor 23 at the time of turn-on operation and the relay 30 in the control circuit shown in the first embodiment of Fig. 2 , that is, plural pairs of limiting resistors 231 at the time of turn-on operation and relays 301, and plural pairs of limiting resistors 232 at the time of turn-on operation and relays 302-plural pairs of limiting resistors 23n and relays 30n are connected in series.
  • the other configurations are the same as described in the first embodiment.
  • resistance values of the limiting resistors 231 to 23n are arbitrary.
  • the relays 301 to 30n that are the n short-circuiting mechanisms are independently controlled by the state sensor 29.
  • a total limiting resistance value can be selected as a sum of resistances selected with a combination of arbitrary k resistors equal to or less than n among the n limiting resistors 231 to 23n at the time of turn-on operation, so that a combination according to ((2 n+1 )-(2 n )-1) can be realized.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit for driving an electromagnetic operation device of a third embodiment according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control circuit shown in FIG. 4 is configured to have a structure in which the first switching relay 25, the second switching relay 26, the third switching relay 27, and the fourth switching relay 28 in the control circuit shown in the first embodiment of Fig. 2 are excluded, or the on-off switch 22 is replaced with a turn-on switch 31, and is a circuit exclusive for turn-on operation.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit for driving an electromagnetic operation device of a fourth embodiment according to still yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control circuit shown in Fig. 5 is configured to have a structure in which n pairs (plurality) of combinations of the limiting resistors 23 at the time of turn-on operation and the relays 30 in the control circuit shown in the third embodiment of Fig. 4 are connected in series.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) mit
    einer Elektromagnet-Spule (5) zum Bilden eines Elektromagneten,
    einem Kondensator (21), der Energie zur Anregung der Elektromagnet-Spule (5) akkumuliert, und
    einer Steuerschaltung zum Herstellen einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen der Elektromagnet-Spule (5) und dem Kondensator (21) gemäß einem Anschaltbefehl oder einem Abschaltbefehl zu einer Schaltvorrichtung (15), wobei die Steuerschaltung einen Begrenzungswiderstand (23) für die Zeit der Anschaltoperation der Schaltvorrichtung (15) aufweist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerschaltung ferner aufweist:
    einen Statussensor (29), der den Umgebungstemperaturzustand überwacht und ein Relais (30), das parallel zu dem Begrenzungswiderstand (23) für die Zeit der Anschaltoperation vorgesehen ist und den Begrenzungswiderstand (23) für die Zeit der Anschaltoperation kurzschließt, indem ein normalerweise geschlossener Kontaktpunkt verwendet wird, der normalerweise "geschlossen" ist und "geöffnet" ist, wenn ein Signal aus dem Zustandssensor (29) eingegeben wird, und entweder
    einen Anschalt-Schalter (31) oder
    einen An-Aus-Schalter (22), einen Widerstand (24) für die Zeit der Abschaltoperation der Schaltvorrichtung (15) und mehrere Schaltrelais (25, 26, 27, 28), die im Zusammenhang mit der Anschaltoperation und der Abschaltoperation der Schaltvorrichtung (15) geschaltet werden.
  2. Elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Kombinationen der Begrenzungswiderstände (231 bis 23n) für die Zeit der Anschaltoperation und die Relais (301 bis 30n) in Serie geschaltet sind, wobei jede der Kombinationen von Begrenzungswiderständen (231 bis 23n) für die Zeit der Anschaltoperation und die Relais (301 bis 30n) an den Statussensor (29) angeschlossen sind.
  3. Elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Statussensor (29) eine Temperaturmesseinrichtung aufweist, die die Umgebungstemperatur misst und die Öffnung der Relais (30, 301-30n) gemäß der Umgebungstemperatur angeordnet wird, die durch die Temperaturmesseinrichtung erfasst wird.
  4. Elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Relais (30, 301 bis 30n) gemäß dem Widerstand der Elektromagnet-Spule (5) zur Öffnung angeordnet werden, die der Umgebungstemperatur oder der Temperaturcharakteristik der elektrostatischen Kapazität des Kondensators (21) entspricht.
  5. Elektromagnetisch betriebenes Schaltgerät (100) mit
    einer Schaltvorrichtung (15),
    einer elektromagnetischen Betriebsvorrichtung (1), die die Schaltvorrichtung (15) betreibt, und
    einem Hebel (10), der die elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) und die Schaltvorrichtung (15) über Verbindungsmechanismen (7, 9, 12) verbindet,
    wobei die elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) die elektromagnetische Betriebsvorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 ist.
EP18154510.4A 2017-03-03 2018-01-31 Elektromagnetisch betriebene vorrichtung und elektromagnetisch betriebene schaltvorrichtung Active EP3370244B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017040225A JP2018147642A (ja) 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 電磁操作器及び電磁操作式開閉装置

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EP3370244A1 EP3370244A1 (de) 2018-09-05
EP3370244B1 true EP3370244B1 (de) 2019-07-10

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CN (1) CN108538685B (de)

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JP7248421B2 (ja) * 2018-12-25 2023-03-29 株式会社日立産機システム 真空遮断器システムおよび真空遮断器の異常診断方法
CN112349525B (zh) * 2020-07-10 2023-07-25 安徽一天电气技术股份有限公司 一种开关
CN111739746B (zh) * 2020-07-10 2024-01-23 安徽一天电气技术股份有限公司 一种开关
KR102550204B1 (ko) * 2020-09-22 2023-06-30 주식회사 유라코퍼레이션 차량용 고전압 릴레이의 융착 검출 장치 및 방법
CN113937727A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-14 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 一种自带预充和短路保护的继电器集成电路
CN118077026A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2024-05-24 株式会社日立产机系统 开关

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US5784244A (en) * 1996-09-13 1998-07-21 Cooper Industries, Inc. Current limiting circuit
JP4269156B2 (ja) 2003-07-28 2009-05-27 株式会社日立製作所 電磁操作方法および電磁操作装置
JP4358698B2 (ja) * 2004-07-23 2009-11-04 株式会社日立製作所 電磁操作装置
JP4934065B2 (ja) 2008-01-23 2012-05-16 三菱電機株式会社 電磁操作式開閉装置
JP5617759B2 (ja) * 2011-05-12 2014-11-05 三菱電機株式会社 電磁操作式真空遮断器
JP5680205B2 (ja) * 2011-08-29 2015-03-04 三菱電機株式会社 真空遮断器の電磁操作装置
JP5948176B2 (ja) * 2012-07-24 2016-07-06 株式会社日立製作所 開閉器
CN105009233B (zh) * 2013-03-13 2017-07-25 三菱电机株式会社 电磁操作装置
CN203631410U (zh) * 2013-12-30 2014-06-04 成都科星电力电器有限公司 一种真空断路器控制电路和系统
CN104658778A (zh) * 2015-02-26 2015-05-27 国网浙江省电力公司电力科学研究院 一种电磁斥力操作机构储能和触发设备及控制方法

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Publication number Publication date
CN108538685A (zh) 2018-09-14
JP2018147642A (ja) 2018-09-20
EP3370244A1 (de) 2018-09-05
CN108538685B (zh) 2019-08-13

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