EP3369099A1 - Ligne électrique - Google Patents

Ligne électrique

Info

Publication number
EP3369099A1
EP3369099A1 EP16798654.6A EP16798654A EP3369099A1 EP 3369099 A1 EP3369099 A1 EP 3369099A1 EP 16798654 A EP16798654 A EP 16798654A EP 3369099 A1 EP3369099 A1 EP 3369099A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
electrical
core
electrical line
semiconductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16798654.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3369099B1 (fr
Inventor
Erwin Köppendörfer
Rainer PÖHMERER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leoni Kabel GmbH
Original Assignee
Leoni Kabel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leoni Kabel GmbH filed Critical Leoni Kabel GmbH
Publication of EP3369099A1 publication Critical patent/EP3369099A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3369099B1 publication Critical patent/EP3369099B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
    • H01B11/10—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/002—Pair constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
    • H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
    • H01B11/10—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources
    • H01B11/1058—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources using a coating, e.g. a loaded polymer, ink or print
    • H01B11/1066—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources using a coating, e.g. a loaded polymer, ink or print the coating containing conductive or semiconductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1895—Particular features or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0275—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical line, in particular a data line with a transmission core surrounded by a shield, wherein the transmission core is surrounded concentrically by a line jacket.
  • the shield is regularly formed as an electrically conductive element surrounding the lead core.
  • screen options available, such as film screens, braided shields (C-screens) or helical screens (D-umbrellas) or combinations thereof.
  • C-screens braided shields
  • D-umbrellas helical screens
  • the shield has a high conductivity and in a connection region, ie where the electrical line with an electrical component such as a plug or an electrical device is connected, with a reference potential, for example ground potential electrically contacted. This is associated with the assembly with an increased effort.
  • a compromise between good shielding effect and low rigidity must furthermore be chosen.
  • unshielded data lines are known in addition to shielded lines. Frequently twisted pairs of wires are provided without shielding, which are used for a symmetrical data transmission (so-called unshielded twisted pair, UTP). Such unshielded data lines are used especially in low-cost applications, for example, in the automotive sector and in those applications in which no excessive demands on the data transmission quality and in particular speed (frequency of the transmitted data signals) are provided.
  • symmetrical data lines are used for symmetric data transmission.
  • a signal is transmitted via a first wire and the inverted signal is transmitted via a second wire and both signals are evaluated together.
  • Two wires form a respective wire pair for a symmetrical data transmission.
  • the object of the invention to provide an electrical cable with a shield, which is inexpensive to manufacture and at the same time achieves an improved compared to the conventional lines shielding effect.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by an electrical line having the feature of claim 1.
  • the electrical line has a transmission core, which is surrounded by a shield.
  • the transmission core as a whole is surrounded concentrically by a cable jacket.
  • the cable jacket itself is now formed in two layers and has an outer layer of an electrically insulating plastic, as well as a second layer disposed thereunder of a semiconductive material.
  • This embodiment is fundamentally based on the consideration that interference currents caused by external interference fields are conducted away via the shielding in the longitudinal direction of the line.
  • reliable shielding of the interference currents and, in particular, good contacting of the shield with reference potential, for example, with ground potential in the region of a connection (plug or device), are required for effective shielding effect.
  • the outer, conventional insulating layer is used for insulation from the environment.
  • the second layer is applied by extrusion, in particular by Schlauchextru- sion on the transfer core or on a core surrounding the shield layer.
  • the semiconductive jacket has a wall thickness which is constant in particular around the circumference of the transmission core.
  • the wall thickness is suitably in the range between 0.05 mm to 1, 2 mm and in particular in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • a wall thickness of 0.2 mm is selected in the case of, for example, an extruded semiconductive jacket.
  • the semiconductive sheath has a foil and / or a nonwoven which has been applied in particular and / or individual wires which have a correspondingly low conductivity, in particular in the manner of a winding.
  • the wall thickness is typically slightly below the previously specified 0.2 mm.
  • a suitably slotted film in particular metal-clad plastic film, is used. Through the slots, the low conductivity is set.
  • the outer layer of the insulating plastic is applied by extrusion.
  • the two layers are applied in particular by coextrusion.
  • the cable jacket and the second layer extend continuously over the entire length of the line.
  • the outer layer is, in particular, an outer jacket of the electrical line, which is not surrounded concentrically by any further jacket.
  • electrical lines can be combined to form a cable or a bundle of cables.
  • the transmission core is generally an electrical transmission core, which is preferably designed for data transmission or alternatively for transmission of electrical power.
  • semiconductive material is generally understood herein a material whose conductivity is significantly lower than that of metals, as is the case with conventional shield layers. Specifically, the conductivity is at least a factor of 10, preferably at least a factor of 100 or 1000 to a factor of 10 6 lower than the conductivity of pure copper (each at 20 ° C).
  • the cable jacket has a conductive layer below the second layer, ie in the direction of the transfer core, which contacts the second layer in an electrically contacting manner.
  • This embodiment is based on the consideration that, especially in the case of higher-frequency interference fields, these can penetrate the cable jacket and also the second layer, so that they are only partially attenuated in the second position. These portions of the interference then apply to the conductive layer and generate in this interference currents. Due to the skin effect, these run on the outside of the conductive layer and therefore penetrate again into the second layer and are further attenuated there. Overall, the energy introduced via the interference fields is thereby used up as completely as possible in the second position.
  • This conductive layer is suitably designed as a cost-effective to produce and applied film. If this is referred to as a conductive layer, this is generally understood to mean a conductivity in the range of metals.
  • the conductive film is typically a conventional screen film, which is often used as a metal-laminated plastic film, especially an aluminum-clad plastic film or also as a copper foil. is forming.
  • the aluminum layer can be applied on one or both sides of the carrier film.
  • the total thickness of such a film is typically in the range between 20 to 100 ⁇ , wherein the thickness of the at least one metal layer is at least about 7m or at least 10 ⁇ and for example up to 30 or even up to 50 ⁇ .
  • Such comparatively thin metal layers in the range of 7 to 20 ⁇ are sufficient for the intended application here.
  • an electrical line in addition to the cable jacket, i. in particular, in addition to the second layer and the conductive layer, no further shielding layer provided.
  • Such an electrical line therefore consists of the transfer core, a possibly surrounding this film as a conductive layer, the second layer of semiconductive material and the outer insulating layer.
  • Such a line is used in particular as a replacement for previously unshielded data lines, for example unshielded twisted data lines (UTP lines).
  • unshielded twisted data lines UTP lines.
  • the parasitic energy introduced is preferably consumed reliably within the second position.
  • the particular advantage is achieved that for the desired shielding effect - unlike conventional umbrellas - no contacting of the shield in the connection area is required.
  • the shielding is not contacted electrically, that is, for example, not connected to a ground potential.
  • the shielding in this case may be due to the second layer, if necessary in combination with the underlying layer. formed the conductive layer.
  • the components are in particular contact or even directly to consumers who are directly connected to the line.
  • a shield contact in the area of the components and thus a decided connection concept for the shield is dispensed with.
  • these data lines are symmetrical data lines with at least one core pair, via which a symmetrical signal is transmitted during operation. This is in particular a twisted wire pair.
  • quadrilaterals such as, for example, the so-called Sternvierer stranded network, are used as the transmission core.
  • the cable jacket with the semiconductive second layer is used in conventional, shielded lines, in particular in the coax line.
  • the transfer core is at least surrounded by a shield layer, around which then applied to the line jacket, in particular extruded.
  • This shielding layer is connected in the assembled state, in particular via a shield contact in the region of the component and connected to reference potential.
  • Such a shield layer forms in particular an outer conductor of a coaxial line.
  • the shield layer is a conventional, also multi-layer shield layer, which can be used, for example, as a screen braiding (C screen) as a wire Wraps educated screen (D-screen or Wendelt) is formed.
  • C screen screen braiding
  • D-screen or Wendelt wire Wraps educated screen
  • foil shields or a combination of these screen types are used for a multilayer construction.
  • the shielding of the line is formed exclusively by the cable jacket, namely only the second semiconductive layer or possibly also in interaction with the conductive layer
  • the (total) shielding is formed by the second layer of the cable jacket (possibly with the additional conductive layer) in combination with the shielding layer.
  • the specific resistance of the semiconductive material is generally preferably greater than 1 ohm * mm 2 / m and preferably greater than 10 ohm * mm 2 / m.
  • the specific resistance is typically at least two orders of magnitude higher, for example compared to the specific resistance of copper (based on an ambient temperature of 20 ° C.).
  • the specific resistance is preferably less than 1000 ohms * mm 2 / m and in particular less than 100 ohms * mm 2 / m.
  • the specific resistance is well below the resistance of typical insulating materials. Specifically, therefore, the specific resistance is in the range between 10 to 100 ohms * mm 2 / m. This ensures good damping.
  • the semiconductive material is, for example, a conductive plastic, ie a plastic with intrinsic conductivity.
  • the low conductivity is formed by an insulating plastic with conductive particles embedded therein.
  • the particles are in particular carbon or soot particles, or else carbon nanoparticles. These are so-called nanoflocs as well as nanotubes etc. understood.
  • the carbon particles By the carbon particles, the desired conductivity is achieved.
  • the proportion of particles is selected such that the above desired conductivity or the desired specific resistance is set.
  • the degree of filling of the particles is for example in the range between 8 and 55% by volume and in particular in the range between 10 and 40% by volume based on the total volume of the second semiconductive layer.
  • no metal particles and / or no magnetic, in particular no ferromagnetic or magnetizable particles are used for the semiconductive material.
  • Such comparatively hard metal particles would lead to tool wear during extrusion. Therefore, these particles are dispensed with.
  • the semiconductive second layer is arranged in a first variant directly around the transmission core formed by the wires. It is designed in particular in the manner of a (extruded) tube.
  • an intermediate sheath is arranged between the transfer core, which preferably has exactly one core pair or else several wire pairs, and the semiconductive sheath, so that the semiconductive sheath has a (minimum) distance to the core pair.
  • This is preferably at least about 0.5 mm and is in particular at most 1, 5 mm.
  • Distance here means the smallest distance to a respective core.
  • the intermediate casing itself expediently consists of a particularly solid insulating material, such as polypropylene.
  • the intermediate jacket therefore forms a suitable dielectric, which has a positive effect on the transmission of the particular symmetrical signal.
  • the data line is surrounded by another outer jacket made of an insulating material.
  • This can be a solid coat or a foamed coat. It can also be provided spacer elements, so that adjacent data lines are kept at a defined distance from each other.
  • Such a data line therefore preferably has a total (single) pair of wires, wherein the core pair is formed by two wires, consisting of a conductor, in particular a stranded conductor of stranded individual strands of a conductive material, in particular copper, a copper alloy or aluminum, stranded one another Aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the conductor is surrounded by a core insulation.
  • the conductor typically has a diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to a maximum of 1.2 mm, preferably in a range of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm.
  • the diameter of the wire is typically in the range between 0.7 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the two wires are stranded together and surrounded by the intermediate sheath. This typically has a diameter which corresponds to 2 times the core diameter plus the minimum wall thickness of the intermediate sheath of preferably 0.5 mm.
  • the diameter of the intermediate sheath is about 2.4 mm.
  • the semiconductive jacket which has a wall thickness of about 0.2 mm, so that an outer diameter of this semiconductive jacket is preferably about 3 mm.
  • an outer sheath which in turn has a wall thickness of, for example, 0.5 mm to 1, 5 mm.
  • the line according to a first embodiment variant is a symmetrical data line, in which the transmission core is formed by at least one wire pair for the transmission of a symmetrical data signal.
  • the transfer core is preferably formed by at least one stranded pair or else by a plurality of stranded pairs or else a quad stranding etc.
  • a respective pair may be surrounded by a pair shielding.
  • no pair shielding is provided.
  • no shielding contact is made in the connection region to a component in this symmetrical data line.
  • the electrical line is designed as a coaxial line with an inner conductor, with a dielectric surrounding the inner conductor made of plastic material and with an outer conductor, which is formed by the aforementioned shield layer.
  • the cable jacket is attached, wherein the second layer is applied to the shielding layer.
  • the electrical line is designed as a supply line for supplying a load with electrical power in the range of, for example, at least several 10 W or 100 W or even in the KW range.
  • the transmission core may in this case have a plurality of power cores with an insulated conductor with a sufficiently large conductor cross-section.
  • the conductor cross section is designed, for example, for the transmission of currents in the ampere range.
  • FIGS. show each in schematic representations:
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the electrical line according to a first
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the electrical line according to a second
  • Variant, 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the electrical line according to a third embodiment variant with an intermediate jacket as well
  • FIG. 4 shows the electrical line of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned view and connected to a component.
  • the lines 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are each designed as data lines and have a central transmission core 4, which is surrounded by a line jacket 6.
  • the cable jacket 6 has an outer first layer 8 made of an electrically insulating plastic and a second layer 10, which is arranged directly underneath, made of a semiconductive material.
  • the cable jacket 6 is located in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 directly on the transfer core 4.
  • the cable jacket 6 is a cable jacket 6 formed by extrusion.
  • the two layers 8, 10 are specially formed by co-extrusion.
  • the cable jacket 6 is applied to the transfer core 4 in the manner of a tube extrusion.
  • the line 2 according to the embodiment of Figure 1 is formed as a symmetrical data line with in the embodiment preferably 2 pairs of wires.
  • a respective pair of wires 12 is used in the data transmission of a symmetrical data signal for transmitting on the one hand the signal and on the other hand the inverted signal.
  • the respective pair of wires 12 is a twisted wire pair.
  • a respective core 14 is formed by a central conductor 16, which is surrounded by an insulating jacket 18 as a core jacket.
  • the cable jacket 6 additionally has a conductive layer 20 which is formed in particular by a film, especially a conventional screen foil. It is specifically an aluminum-laminated plastic film. The metal side is in the direction of the second Layer 10 orientates and contacts these electrically conductive. In an alternative variant, this conductive layer 20 is dispensed with.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is a coaxial line, in which the transfer core 4 is formed by an inner conductor 22, a dielectric 24 which is immediately surrounding it made of insulating plastic material and by an outer conductor 26 directly adjacent to the dielectric 24 ,
  • the outer conductor 26 defines at the same time a shield layer 28.
  • this shield layer 28 has a multilayer construction with a braid 30 and a shielding foil 32.
  • the shielding film 32 is preferably arranged on the outside, but may alternatively also be arranged on the inside to the mesh 30.
  • the second semiconductive layer 10 surrounds the shield layer 28 directly and is designed in particular as an extruded jacket.
  • the line 2 has as a transfer core only one particular twisted pair of wires 12, which is surrounded directly by an intermediate casing 40. This is a particularly extruded plastic jacket which forms a dielectric 24.
  • the intermediate jacket 40 is in turn directly surrounded by the second semiconductive layer 10, which is finally surrounded by the outer jacket 8.
  • the latter is used for electrical insulation, protection against environmental influences or as a spacer.
  • a conductive layer 20 may be formed.
  • the structure described here with the intermediate jacket 10 is used to conventional unshielded lines, especially data lines, in particular unshielded balanced data lines by a provided with such a cable jacket 6 line 2 (symmetrical data line) replace.
  • data lines in particular unshielded balanced data lines by a provided with such a cable jacket 6 line 2 (symmetrical data line) replace.
  • the conventional components for the unshielded data line as well as the conventional process steps are retained.
  • no shielding contact takes place in a connection region to a component 34.
  • the respective shield of the line 2 is therefore not electrically connected to the component 34 - as usual - with a reference potential, in particular ground potential. This concept is illustrated in FIG 4.
  • the line 2 is introduced, for example according to FIG 1 or FIG 3 in the only greatly simplified component 34 shown through an inlet opening.
  • the cable jacket 6 is guided, for example, through the opening.
  • the opening is usually sealed, for example by a sealing ring, a nozzle or by circumferential webs which are pressed into the cable jacket 6.
  • the component 34 is, for example, a plug which serves for connection to a consumer. Alternatively, component 34 is directly a consumer. In both cases, the conduit 2 is passed through the opening of a housing.
  • the individual wires 14 are freed from the cable jacket 6 within the component 34 and also the respective conductor 1 6 of the respective core 14 is stripped and connected at the end to a contact element 36.
  • contact elements 36 are, for example, contactbooks or contact pins, for example as
  • Crimp contacts are formed. Alternatively, a screw can be made.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

Ligne électrique (2), en particulier ligne de données, comprenant une âme de transmission (4) entourée d'un blindage (20), ladite âme étant entourée concentriquement d'une gaine de ligne (6) qui présente une couche extérieure (8) en matière plastique électriquement isolante et, en dessous de celle-ci, une seconde couche (10) constituée d'une matière à propriétés semi-conductrices. Grâce à la couche à propriétés semi-conductrices, l'effet de blindage est amélioré.
EP16798654.6A 2015-10-28 2016-10-27 Ligne électrique Active EP3369099B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015221108 2015-10-28
PCT/EP2016/075999 WO2017072265A1 (fr) 2015-10-28 2016-10-27 Ligne électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3369099A1 true EP3369099A1 (fr) 2018-09-05
EP3369099B1 EP3369099B1 (fr) 2020-12-16

Family

ID=57389384

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16798654.6A Active EP3369099B1 (fr) 2015-10-28 2016-10-27 Ligne électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10325698B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3369099B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108352222A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017072265A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102648667B1 (ko) * 2019-04-03 2024-03-15 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 스퍼터 증착 소스, 스퍼터 증착 장치, 및 스퍼터 증착 소스에 전력공급하는 방법
CN116315899A (zh) * 2022-12-31 2023-06-23 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 信号传输接口及电调天线

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4926008A (en) * 1989-05-18 1990-05-15 Hewlett-Packard Company High capacitance cable
US5208426A (en) * 1991-09-03 1993-05-04 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Shielded electric signal cable having a two-layer semiconductor jacket
EP2091089A1 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-19 Media-Group GmbH Dispositif d'alimentation en énergie doté d'un panneau d'énergie et panneau d'énergie
US9678027B2 (en) * 2012-02-29 2017-06-13 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Monitoring device with jumper cable coupling and related methods
AU2012377784B2 (en) * 2012-04-27 2016-08-04 Draka Comteq Bv Electric cable, in particular a data transmission cable, equipped with multi-layer, strip-type screening sheet
US10126517B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2018-11-13 Corning Optical Communications LLC Fiber optic cable structured to facilitate accessing an end thereof
DE102014214726B3 (de) * 2014-07-25 2015-10-15 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Datenkabel für High-Speed Datenübertragungen
US9941616B2 (en) * 2015-02-24 2018-04-10 Thomas & Betts International Llc Multi-piece jacket for separable connectors
CN104751980A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2015-07-01 安徽华能电缆集团有限公司 一种高压岸电电缆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017072265A1 (fr) 2017-05-04
US20180233254A1 (en) 2018-08-16
CN108352222A (zh) 2018-07-31
US10325698B2 (en) 2019-06-18
EP3369099B1 (fr) 2020-12-16

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