EP3367398B1 - Traktionstransformator zur installation auf einem fahrzeug - Google Patents

Traktionstransformator zur installation auf einem fahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3367398B1
EP3367398B1 EP16857191.7A EP16857191A EP3367398B1 EP 3367398 B1 EP3367398 B1 EP 3367398B1 EP 16857191 A EP16857191 A EP 16857191A EP 3367398 B1 EP3367398 B1 EP 3367398B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
duct
vehicle
main body
traction transformer
transformer
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16857191.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3367398A1 (de
EP3367398A4 (de
Inventor
Akihiro Nagase
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of EP3367398A1 publication Critical patent/EP3367398A1/de
Publication of EP3367398A4 publication Critical patent/EP3367398A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3367398B1 publication Critical patent/EP3367398B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/085—Cooling by ambient air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traction transformer, and more particularly, to a traction transformer configured to cool a refrigerant oil through utilization of traveling wind caused by traveling of a vehicle.
  • Devices such as an air-conditioning device, a power converter, a controller, and a transformer which are mounted to a vehicle generate a large amount of heat during operation.
  • As cooling systems for those devices there have been known a forced air-cooled system using an electric fan and a natural running air cooling system utilizing traveling wind caused by traveling of the vehicle.
  • the natural running air cooling system has become more popular in recent years in view of the fact that the natural running air cooling system saves more energy and causes less noise than the forced air-cooled system.
  • the natural running air cooling system has generally been adopted as a cooling method for a device such as a traction transformer installed under a floor (see, for example, Patent Literature 1).
  • the traction transformer can efficiently be cooled from the following reasons. That is, between an underfloor surface of the vehicle and a railway track surface, in addition to an inflow of the traveling wind from a side surface of the vehicle, the traveling wind which has been reflected on the railway track surface flows toward the traction transformer installed on the underfloor surface.
  • the traveling wind having a high flow rate flows in the surroundings of a cooler for the traction transformer, thereby being capable of achieving an effective cooling.
  • a low-floor vehicle which is popular in Europe has a narrow installation space under the floor, and hence large-scale peripheral devices such as the air-conditioning device, the power converter, and the controller are installed on a rooftop of the vehicle together with the traction transformer.
  • the forced air-cooled system using the electric fan has hitherto been adopted.
  • traveling wind having a sufficient flow rate cannot be sufficiently taken in to the surroundings of the cooler for the traction transformer, with the result that a sufficient cooling performance cannot be obtained with the traveling wind.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and has an object to provide a traction transformer, which prevents a position to which traveling wind is taken in from overlapping with a stagnation region located in rear of peripheral devices in a traveling direction of a vehicle, and which is effectively cooled by the traveling wind.
  • the position to which the traction transformer takes in the traveling wind is prevented from overlapping with the stagnation region located in rear of the peripheral devices in the traveling direction of the vehicle, and the traction transformer can effectively be cooled by the traveling wind.
  • a rolling stock as a vehicle.
  • the present invention is also applicable to vehicles other than a rolling stock, such as a tram or a bus.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view for illustrating an example of a rolling stock which includes a traction transformer 10a according to a first embodiment of the present invention installed on a rooftop.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the rolling stock illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • a vehicle length direction being a direction in which the vehicle moves corresponds to an X direction.
  • a vehicle width direction corresponds to a Y direction.
  • a vehicle height direction corresponds to a Z direction.
  • a vehicle traveling direction corresponds to a - (minus) X direction.
  • a direction from left to right when facing in the vehicle traveling direction corresponds to a + (plus) Y direction.
  • a direction from a floor to a roof corresponds to a + (plus) Z direction.
  • the traction transformer 10a and a plurality of peripheral devices 3 are provided on a rooftop 2 of a vehicle 1. Two peripheral devices 3 are installed in front of the traction transformer in the traveling direction, and one peripheral device 3 is installed in rear of the traction transformer 10a in the traveling direction.
  • the terms "in front of the traction transformer in the traveling direction” indicate a position in the - (minus) X direction
  • the terms “in rear of the traction transformer 10a in the traveling direction” indicate a position in the + (plus) X direction.
  • the peripheral devices 3 include a power converter, a controller, and an air-conditioning device.
  • the rooftop 2 corresponds to an entire upper surface of the vehicle 1 or a part of the upper surface of the vehicle 1. It is needless to say that the structure, the number, and the arrangement of the peripheral devices installed on the rooftop 2 are not limited to those described above.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view for illustrating a structure of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the traction transformer 10a includes a transformer main body 12 having a casing. Inside the transformer main body 12, a winding 9 serving as a main heat source is provided. A pipe 11 is connected to the transformer main body 12 to form a circulation path for a refrigerant oil.
  • an oil pump 13 which is configured to forcibly circulate the refrigerant oil is installed at a position in the - (minus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12.
  • a conservator 15 which is configured to absorb a thermal expansion amount of the refrigerant oil is installed at a position in the + (plus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12.
  • coolers 14a which are configured to cool the refrigerant oil through heat exchange with traveling wind.
  • a duct 16a is provided at the position in the - (minus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12 and the coolers 14a.
  • a duct 16b is provided at the position in the + (plus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12 and the coolers 14a.
  • the duct 16a is configured to prevent the traveling wind from flowing into the transformer main body 12 from the position in the - (minus) X direction with respect to the duct 16a.
  • the duct 16b takes in the traveling wind generated by the traveling of the vehicle and changes an air-blowing direction thereinside, to thereby blow the traveling wind thus taken in to the coolers 14a.
  • An insulation oil is used as the refrigerant oil, and in particular, a silicone oil having a flame resisting, an ester oil having a small load on environment during disposal, or other types of oils are used for the vehicle.
  • the casing of the transformer main body 12 is manufactured with a metal, for example, an iron steel or an aluminum. Further, a surface of the casing is coated with a metal for corrosion prevention.
  • An insulating member such as an insulating bush is installed on a portion of the transformer main body 12, which is connected to an electric wire.
  • the conservator 15 is configured to absorb a thermal expansion when a temperature of the refrigerant oil changes.
  • the capacity of the conservator 15 is set so as to sufficiently absorb the thermal expansion.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view for illustrating a structure of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the duct 16a serving as a second duct is provided at the position in the - (minus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12.
  • the duct 16b serving as a first duct is installed at the position in the + (plus) X direction with respect to the transformer main body 12. Further, the duct 16a and the duct 16b are provided so as to face each other in the X direction while sandwiching the transformer main body 12 therebetween.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 4 , for illustrating an installation state of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention on the rooftop 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view for illustrating the traction transformer 10a.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A including the vehicle 1 in addition to the traction transformer 10a.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • An inlet port 30 which is configured to take in the traveling wind is formed in the duct 16b. Further, the dotted line indicates a rolling stock gauge 17.
  • the rolling stock gauge 17 refers to a limit range of a size of the cross section of a vehicle body of the rolling stock, and is a limit value of the vehicle in the Y direction and the Z direction at which the rolling stock can safely travel on a railway track.
  • An upper space of the rooftop 2 within the rolling stock gauge 17 is formed so that a width of the upper space in the Y direction becomes narrower toward the + (plus) Z direction in consideration of a structural body on a railway track such as a tunnel.
  • the height of the transformer main body 12 in the + (plus) Z direction is set lower than that of the duct 16b.
  • the inlet port 30 is opened toward the + (plus) Z direction with respect to the transformer main body 12.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view for illustrating an outer appearance of the cooler 14a of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cooler 14a includes a plurality of cooling pipes 19a and a plurality of cooling pipes 19b having different sizes and being formed into an inverted U-shape.
  • the plurality of cooling pipes 19a and the plurality of cooling pipes 19b having different sizes are provided on the same plane.
  • the cooling pipes 19a are provided at the outermost portion of the cooler 14a.
  • the cooler 14a is constructed by arraying the plurality of cooling pipes 19a and the plurality of cooling pipes 19b which are provided on the same plane in the X direction. Both end portions of each of the cooling pipes 19a and each of the cooling pipes 19b are connected to an inlet header 18a and an outlet header 18b, respectively.
  • the pipe 11 is connected from an outlet of the transformer main body 12 to an intake port of the oil pump 13, and extends from a discharge port of the oil pump 13 to branch in the + (plus) Y direction and a - (minus) Y direction.
  • the branched portions of the pipe 11 each extend in the + (plus) X direction to be connected to each of the inlet headers 18a of the coolers 14a, and go out of each of the outlet headers 18b of the coolers 14a to extend in the + (plus) X direction.
  • the cooling pipes 19a which are provided on the outermost side of the cooler 14a are formed so that a side is inclined in conformity to a shape of the rolling stock gauge 17. Further, an outermost surface 20 of the cooler 14a which is illustrated in FIG. 6 is a surface formed of outer portions of the plurality of cooling pipes 19a. The outermost surface 20 of the cooler 14a is formed along the rolling stock gauge 17.
  • the cooling pipes 19a and cooling pipes 19b are illustrated in FIG. 6 as a plurality of cylindrical tubes.
  • the cooling pipes 19a and cooling pipes 19b are not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a flat tube or a rectangular tube.
  • the cooling pipes are arranged on both the sides of the transformer main body in the Y direction. In this manner, the traction transformer with a good weight balance can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to effectively take in outside air into the coolers from the sides in the Y direction when the vehicle is stopped, and hence natural convection is promoted in the transformer main body. As a result, a heat exchange performance when the vehicle is stopped is enhanced.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view for illustrating a detailed shape of the duct 16b of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the duct 16b includes the inlet ports 30 for taking in traveling wind 33, and air blowing ports 31 for discharging the traveling wind 33 which is taken in to the coolers 14a as the cooling air 34. Further, a recess 32 is formed at a lower portion of the duct 16b. The vehicle 1 travels toward the - (minus) X direction, and hence the traveling wind 33 flows in the + (plus) X direction.
  • the inlet ports 30 and the air blowing ports 31 are formed so that the openings are oriented in the - (minus) X direction.
  • the inlet ports 30 and the air blowing ports 31 are smoothly connected to each other by a connection portion 35a formed inside the duct 16b.
  • An air-blowing direction of the traveling wind 33 is changed by the connection portion 35a. That is, the traveling wind 33 flowing in the + (plus) X direction is taken in through the inlet ports 30, and passes through the connection portion 35a.
  • the traveling wind 33 flows in an outward direction of the vehicle and is guided in -the Z direction, and then the air-blowing direction is changed to an opposite direction. As a result, the traveling wind 33 is blown out through the air blowing ports 31 as the cooling air 34 toward the - (minus) X direction.
  • the recess 32 is formed at a center lower portion of the duct 16b in the Y direction.
  • the pipe 11 can communicate between the recess 32 formed in the duct 16b and the rooftop 2 of the vehicle.
  • the pipe 11 when the pipe 11 is arranged between the transformer main body 12 and the oil pump 13, and between the conservator 15 and the transformer main body 12, the pipe 11 does not need to circumvent the duct 16b. As a result, a total length of the pipe 11 can be reduced.
  • the air blowing ports 31 are each formed at a position apart from each of the inlet ports 30 in the + (plus) Y direction or in the - (minus) Y direction. Further, the air blowing ports 31 are each formed at a position apart from each of the inlet ports 30 in the - (minus) Z direction. That is, the inlet ports 30 and the air blowing ports 31 are formed at positions apart from each other in the Y direction and the Z direction. As a result, it is possible to prevent the cooling air 34 which is heated in the coolers 14a and the traveling wind 33 from being mixed at the inlet ports 30.
  • the two air blowing ports 31 which are formed in the duct 16b face the coolers 14a.
  • Each of those air blowing ports 31 is formed at a position in the + (plus) X direction with respect to the cooler 14a, and each of the air blowing ports 31 faces the cooler 14a.
  • the traveling wind 33 which is taken in through the inlet ports 30 is guided by the connection portion 35a so that the air-blowing direction of the traveling wind 33 becomes opposite. As a result, the cooling air 34 is blown through the air blowing ports 31 toward the coolers 14a which face the air blowing ports 31.
  • the air-blowing direction of the traveling wind 33 and the air-blowing direction of the cooling air 34 are opposite to each other.
  • the traveling wind 33 taken in from a position in the + (plus) X direction of the duct 16b can be blown to the coolers 14a which are provided at positions in the - (minus) X direction of the duct 16b as the cooling air 34.
  • the structure of the duct 16b is described, and the duct 16a also has the same structure and only the arrangement is different. Thus, the description of the duct 16a is omitted. It is needless to say that the duct 16a and the duct 16b may have different structures from each other. In this case, the shape of the duct can be changed in accordance with the structure of the peripheral devices 3 of the vehicle, and the cooling performance can further be improved.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory view for illustrating a flow of the traveling wind 33 at a position in the + (plus) X direction of the peripheral device 3.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the traveling wind 33 which has flowed over an upper surface of the peripheral device 3 and been separated therefrom, gradually approaches the rooftop 2 and adheres to the rooftop 2 in the end.
  • a stagnation region is formed at the position in the + (plus) X direction of the peripheral device 3 in accordance with a height of the peripheral device 3.
  • a wind flow having a high flow rate does not occur.
  • the traction transformer 10a when the traction transformer 10a is arranged in the stagnation region, the traction transformer 10a cannot take in sufficient traveling wind, with the result that the cooling performance is largely reduced.
  • an entrance length x which is a length required to reach a reattachment point at which the wind having been separated by the peripheral device 3 reattaches, is about 7h in rear of the peripheral device 3 in the traveling direction.
  • the height h of the peripheral device 3 which is arranged on the rooftop 2 of the vehicle changes in accordance with the structure of the vehicle 1, and the maximum value of the height h is 1 m due to a restriction of the rolling stock gauge 17.
  • the entrance length x of about 7 m is required at maximum.
  • a large number of peripheral devices 3 are arranged on the rooftop 2 for efficient use of a limited area.
  • FIG. 9 is a side view for illustrating a state in which the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the rooftop 2 of the vehicle.
  • the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the traveling wind 33 which has flowed over the peripheral device 3 positioned in the - (minus) X direction of the traction transformer 10a passes over the duct 16a arranged at the position in the - (minus) X direction of the transformer main body 12, and then separates from the traction transformer 10a.
  • a length of the transformer main body 12 in the X direction is 2.5 m
  • a height difference between an upper surface of the duct 16b illustrated in FIG. 5 , which is restricted by the rolling stock gauge 17, and an upper surface of the transformer main body 12 is about 0.30 m.
  • the separated traveling wind 33 reattaches to the duct 16b at a rear position by about 2 m in the traveling direction.
  • the transformer main body 12 can take in the traveling wind 33 having a sufficient flow rate through the inlet ports 30 at the rear position by about 2 m in the traveling direction.
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the vehicle 1, for illustrating a flow field when the vehicle travels.
  • Cooling air 36 is obtained in such a manner that the cooling air 34 is blown to the coolers and is heated through heat exchange with the refrigerant oil.
  • the peripheral devices 3 are arranged on the rooftop 2 of the vehicle 1 so as to sandwich the traction transformer 10a in the X direction.
  • the traveling wind 33 which has been separated by the peripheral device 3 approaches the vehicle 1 as the traveling wind 33 further flows in the + (plus) X direction. However, due to the duct 16a provided at the position in the - (minus) X direction of the transformer main body 12, the traveling wind 33 does not flow into a region in a - (minus) X direction of the coolers 14a.
  • the traveling wind 33 As the traveling wind 33, which has passed over the upper surface of the duct 16a, further flows in the + (plus) X direction, the traveling wind 33 gradually approaches the transformer main body 12, and reattaches to the upper surface of the transformer main body 12.
  • the high-speed traveling wind 33 flows over the upper surface of the transformer main body 12, and hence heat radiation efficiency from the surface of the transformer main body 12 is improved.
  • the traveling wind 33 which flows over the surface of the transformer main body 12 is taken in to the duct 16b having an opening at a position in the + (plus) X direction of the transformer main body 12.
  • the inlet ports 30 and the air blowing ports 31 communicate with each other by the connection portion 35a.
  • the traveling wind which has been taken in through the inlet ports 30 is sent through the air blowing ports 31 which are formed on both sides of the transformer main body 12 in the Y direction as the cooling air 34.
  • the cooler 14a has a shape in which the cylindrical cooling pipes 19a and 19b are arranged in a plurality of lines along the X direction.
  • the cooling air 34 having entered the coolers 14a further flows in the coolers 14a in the + (plus) X direction, the cooling air 34 is gradually diffused through clearances between the cooling pipes 19a and 19b to an outside of the coolers 14a.
  • the cooling air 36 which has been diffused to the outside of the coolers 14a after completion of the heat exchange with the refrigerant oil merges with the traveling wind 33 which flows around the coolers 14a in the + (plus) X direction, and flows in the + (plus) X direction.
  • the inlet ports 30 of the duct 16b are not formed at a position in the + (plus) X direction of the coolers 14a.
  • the cooling air 36 which has been diffused and exhausted from the coolers 14a is not taken in to the duct 16b again, and the cooling air 34 having a low temperature is always sent to the coolers 14a.
  • An opening direction of the inlet ports 30 of the duct 16a and an opening direction of the inlet ports 30 of the duct 16b are opposed to each other in the X direction.
  • an opening direction of the air blowing ports 31 of the duct 16a and an opening direction of the air blowing ports 31 of the duct 16b are opposed to each other in the X direction.
  • the duct 16a and the duct 16b are arranged so as to face each other in the X direction while sandwiching the transformer main body 12 therebetween. Thus, even when the traveling direction of the vehicle is changed, it is possible to supply the cooling air 34 to the coolers 14a similarly to the case before the traveling direction is changed.
  • the cooler may be arranged on only one side surface of the transformer main body in the vehicle width direction.
  • the inlet ports 30 of the duct 16b only need to be formed, in the traveling direction of the vehicle 1, in rear of a position at which the traveling wind separated by the peripheral device 3 provided in the front portion of the vehicle 1 in the traveling direction reattaches to the surface of the transformer main body 12.
  • the duct 16b only needs to be provided in the rear portion of the vehicle 1 in the traveling direction with respect to the transformer main body 12 and the cooler 14a. In this case, it is possible to take in the traveling wind 33 outside the stagnation region through the inlet ports 30, thereby being capable of effectively cooling the transformer main body 12.
  • FIG. 11 is a top view for illustrating a structure of a traction transformer 10b according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the traction transformer 10b is different from that of the traction transformer 10a according to the first embodiment which is illustrated in FIG. 3 in that auxiliary devices such as the oil pump 13 and the conservator 15 are arranged between the duct 16a and the transformer main body 12 and between the duct 16b and the transformer main body 12.
  • Coolers 14b have a shape elongated in the X direction as compared to the coolers 14a according to the first embodiment. This is because a cover 37a for covering the oil pump 13 and a cover 37b for covering the conservator 15 are provided between the duct 16a and the transformer main body 12 and between the duct 16b and the transformer main body 12, respectively.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view for illustrating a state in which the traction transformer 10b according to the second embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the rooftop 2 of the vehicle 1.
  • the cover 37a and the cover 37b are provided so that respective upper surfaces have the same height as that of the upper surface of the transformer main body 12. Further, it is desired that the transformer main body 12 be provided to be close to the cover 37a and the cover 37b in the X direction.
  • the traveling wind 33 is prevented from flowing into a region between the cover 37a and the transformer main body 12 and a region between the cover 37b and the transformer main body 12.
  • a sufficient amount of the traveling wind 33 can be taken in through the inlet ports 30.
  • the auxiliary devices are arranged between the duct 16a and the transformer main body 12 and between the duct 16b and the transformer main body 12.
  • One cause of an increase in distance for the reattaching of the separated traveling wind 33 is a vertical vortex generated between the traveling wind 33 and the devices.
  • a distance between the duct 16a and the duct 16b which are arranged so as to be opposed to each other in the X direction while sandwiching the transformer main body 12 therebetween increases, reattaching of the separated traveling wind 33 is promoted.
  • the oil pump 13 and the conservator 15 which are different in height are arranged in the halfway, an unnecessary vortex is generated on the surfaces.
  • the cover 37a and the cover 37b are provided so that the respective upper surfaces have the same height as that of the upper surface of the transformer main body 12, and hence such a vortex can be prevented from being generated.
  • FIG. 13 is a top view for illustrating a structure in a case of a modification example of the traction transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view for illustrating a duct 16d of a traction transformer 10c according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference symbols, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • a connection portion 35b for connecting the inlet ports 30 and the air blowing ports 31 of the duct 16d is provided.
  • the length of the duct 16d in the - (minus) X direction is longer than that of the duct 16b according to the first embodiment.
  • connection portion 35b which are connected to the air blowing ports 31 are extended in the - (minus) X direction.
  • the duct 16c has the same structure as the duct 16d and only arrangement is different, and hence the description thereof is omitted.
  • the duct 16c and the duct 16d may have different structures from each other.
  • the shape of the duct can be changed in accordance with the structure of the peripheral devices 3 of the vehicle 1, and the cooling performance can further be improved.
  • the traction transformer 10b When the auxiliary devices are arranged between the transformer main body 12 and the duct 16c and between the transformer main body 12 and the duct 16d, the traction transformer 10b includes the coolers 14b extending in the X direction by a length of the auxiliary devices. Meanwhile, in the traction transformer 10c, the portions of the connection portion 35b which are connected to the air blowing ports 31 are extended.
  • connection portion 35b which are connected to the air blowing ports 31 of each of the duct 16c and the duct 16d are extended, and hence a weight of the traction transformer 10c can be reduced.
  • FIG. 15 is a side view for illustrating a state in which the modification example of the traction transformer according to the second embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the rooftop 2 of the vehicle 1.
  • a cover 37c and a cover 37d having different shapes are provided instead of the cover 37a and the cover 37b.
  • the cover 37c is formed so that an upper surface gradually lowers from the transformer main body 12 side to the duct 16c side.
  • the cover 37d is formed so that an upper surface gradually lowers from the transformer main body 12 side to the duct 16d side.
  • the cover may be formed of a plate material having a small opening ratio, for example, a punched metal.
  • a punched metal having a small opening ratio
  • the influence on the introduced wind of the traveling wind 33 to the duct 16 can be suppressed, and the air heated in the cover can be released to an outside of the cover.
  • the heat radiation property of the cover can be enhanced.
  • the structure in which the two ducts are provided is adopted, but it is needless to say that a structure in which only one duct is provided at the position in the + (plus) X direction of the transformer main body may be adopted.
  • the duct 16d only needs to be provided, in the traveling direction of the vehicle, in rear of the position at which the traveling wind which is separated by the peripheral device 3 provided in the front portion of the vehicle in the traveling direction reattaches to the surface of the transformer main body 12. In this case, it is possible to take in the traveling wind through the inlet ports outside the stagnation region, and hence the transformer main body can effectively be cooled.
  • the ducts having the same structure are provided to the transformer main body so that the respective inlet ports 30 and the respective air blowing ports 31 face each other in the X direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Traktionstransformator (10a, 10b, 10c) zur Installation an einem Fahrzeug, wobei der Traktionstransformator Folgendes aufweist:
    - einen Transformator-Hauptkörper (12), der eine Wicklung (9) aufweist und an ein Rohr (11), durch das ein Kältemittelöl zirkuliert, anschließbar ist;
    - eine Ölpumpe (13), die dazu ausgebildet ist, das Kältemittelöl durch das Rohr (11) zirkulieren zu lassen;
    - einen Kühler (14a, 14b), der mit dem Rohr (11) verbindbar ist und dazu ausgebildet ist, das Kältemittelöl zu kühlen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass der Traktionstransformator ferner Folgendes aufweist:
    - einen ersten Kanal (16b, 16d), der in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeugs hinter dem Transformator-Hauptkörper (12) und dem Kühler (14a, 14b) angeordnet ist, wenn der Traktionstransformator in dem Fahrzeug installiert ist,
    und Folgendes aufweist:
    - eine erste Einlassöffnung (30), die dazu ausgebildet ist, Fahrtwind (33), der durch das Fahren des Fahrzeugs verursacht wird, aufzunehmen,;
    - eine erste Lufteinblasöffnung (31), die dazu ausgebildet ist, den Fahrtwind (33) als Kühlluft (34) zu dem Kühler (14a, 14b) einzublasen; und
    - einen ersten Verbindungsbereich (35a, 35b), der dazu ausgebildet ist, die erste Einlassöffnung (30) und die erste Lufteinblasöffnung (31) miteinander zu verbinden, und der dazu ausgebildet ist, den Fahrtwind (33) derart zu führen, dass die Lufteinblasrichtung des Fahrtwindes von einer Richtung entgegen der Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeugs an der ersten Einlassöffnung (30) in eine entgegengesetzte Lufteinblasrichtung an der ersten Lufteinblasöffnung (31) geändert wird, und um zu bewirken, dass der geführte Fahrtwind (33) als Kühlluft (34) durch die erste Lufteinblasöffnung (31) ausgestoßen wird.
  2. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei der Transformator-Hauptkörper (12), die Ölpumpe (13) und der Kühler (14a, 14b) auf einem Dach des Fahrzeugs anbringbar sind.
  3. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    wobei die erste Einlassöffnung (30) und die erste Lufteinblasöffnung (31) an voneinander beabstandeten Positionen ausgebildet sind, und zwar zumindest in einer von der Fahrzeugbreitenrichtung oder der Fahrzeughöhenrichtung.
  4. Traktionstransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    wobei der erste Kanal (16b) so angeordnet ist, dass eine obere Fläche des Transformator-Hauptkörpers (12) und eine untere Fläche der ersten Einlassöffnung (30) die gleiche Höhe aufweisen, und
    wobei eine Aussparung (32), die es dem Rohr (11) ermöglicht, durch den ersten Kanal (16b) zu verlaufen, in einer unteren Fläche des ersten Kanals (16b) ausgebildet ist.
  5. Traktionstransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    der ferner Folgendes aufweist:
    - einen zweiten Kanal (16a, 16c), der in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeugs vor dem Transformator-Hauptkörper (12) und dem Kühler (14a, 14b) angeordnet ist, und Folgendes aufweist:
    - eine zweite Einlassöffnung (30), die so ausgebildet ist, dass sie der ersten Einlassöffnung (30) gegenüberliegt;
    - eine zweite Lufteinblasöffnung (31), die so ausgebildet ist, dass sie der ersten Lufteinblasöffnung (31) zugewandt ist; und
    - einen zweiten Verbindungsbereich (35a, 35b), der derart ausgebildet ist, dass er die zweite Einlassöffnung (30) und die zweite Lufteinblasöffnung (31) verbindet, wobei der zweite Verbindungsbereich (35a, 35b) dazu ausgebildet ist, Wind, der durch die zweite Einlassöffnung (30) aufgenommen wird, so zu führen, dass die Lufteinblasrichtung des derart aufgenommenen Windes diesem entgegengesetzt ist, und um zu bewirken, dass der Wind durch die zweite Lufteinblasöffnung (31) an den Kühler (14a, 14b) abgegeben wird.
  6. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 5,
    wobei die zweite Einlassöffnung (30) und die zweite Lufteinblasöffnung (31) an voneinander beanstandeten Positionen ausgebildet sind, und zwar zumindest in einer von der Fahrzeugbreitenrichtung oder der Fahrzeughöhenrichtung.
  7. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
    wobei der zweite Kanal (16a) so angeordnet ist, dass eine obere Fläche des Transformator-Hauptkörpers (12) und eine untere Fläche der zweiten Einlassöffnung (30) die gleiche Höhe aufweisen, und
    wobei eine Aussparung (32), die es dem Rohr (11) ermöglicht, durch den zweiten Kanal (16b) zu verlaufen, in einer unteren Fläche des zweiten Kanals (16b) ausgebildet ist.
  8. Traktionstransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
    wobei der Kühler (14a, 14b) eine Vielzahl von Kühlern (14a, 14b) aufweist, und wobei die Vielzahl von Kühlern (14a, 14b) auf beiden Seiten des Transformator-Hauptkörpers (12) in Richtung der Fahrzeugbreite angebracht ist.
  9. Traktionstransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
    wobei der Kühler (14a, 14b) eine Vielzahl von Kühlrohren (19a, 19b) aufweist, die eine umgekehrte U-Form haben, und
    wobei eine äußerste Oberfläche (20), die eine Oberfläche von äußeren Bereichen der Vielzahl von Kühlrohren (19a, 19b) ist, entlang einer Schienenfahrzeugbegrenzungslinie (17) ausgebildet ist.
  10. Traktionstransformator nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
    der ferner Folgendes aufweist:
    - ein Ausdehnungsgefäß (15), das dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Wärmeausdehnungsausmaß des Kältemittelöls, das durch das Rohr (11) zirkuliert, aufzunehmen; und
    - Abdeckungen (37a, 37b, 37c, 37d), die dazu ausgebildet sind, dass sie die Ölpumpe (13) und das Ausdehnungsgefäß (15) abdecken,
    - wobei die oberen Flächen der Abdeckungen (37a, 37b, 37c, 37d) und eine obere Fläche des Transformator-Hauptkörpers (12) an der gleichen Position in der Fahrzeughöhenrichtung angeordnet sind, und
    - wobei das Ausdehnungsgefäß (15) und die Ölpumpe (13) an Stellen angeordnet sind, die in Bezug auf den ersten Kanal (16b, 16d) und den zweiten Kanal (16a, 16c) näher an dem Transformator-Hauptkörper (12) liegen, angeordnet sind.
  11. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 10,
    wobei Teile der oberen Flächen der Abdeckungen (37c, 37d), die näher an dem ersten Kanal (16d) und dem zweiten Kanal (16c) liegen, so ausgebildet sind, dass sie niedriger sind als Teile der oberen Flächen der Abdeckungen (37c, 37d), die näher am Transformator-Hauptkörper (12) liegen.
  12. Traktionstransformator nach Anspruch 10 oder 11,
    wobei die Abdeckungen (37a, 37b, 37c, 37d) jeweils aus einem gestanzten Metall gebildet sind.
EP16857191.7A 2015-10-21 2016-09-02 Traktionstransformator zur installation auf einem fahrzeug Active EP3367398B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2016/075884 WO2017068873A1 (ja) 2015-10-21 2016-09-02 車両用変圧器

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JPS53147005U (de) * 1977-04-25 1978-11-18
JPS6281012A (ja) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-14 Hitachi Ltd 車両用自然冷却式リアクトル
JPH01127219U (de) * 1988-02-24 1989-08-31
JP4007256B2 (ja) * 2003-06-03 2007-11-14 株式会社日本Ａｅパワーシステムズ 車両用変圧器
JP5074005B2 (ja) * 2006-10-26 2012-11-14 臼井国際産業株式会社 外部制御式ファン・カップリング装置の制御方法
CN103710758B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2016-06-29 北京七星华创电子股份有限公司 一种负压扩散炉反应腔室压力控制系统及控制方法
CN204229989U (zh) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 张玮琦 机车变压器的绝缘油循环冷却装置

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EP3367398A1 (de) 2018-08-29
WO2017068873A1 (ja) 2017-04-27
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CN108140469A (zh) 2018-06-08
CN108140469B (zh) 2019-08-09
JP6359202B2 (ja) 2018-07-18

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