EP3361138A1 - Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel - Google Patents

Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3361138A1
EP3361138A1 EP17209788.3A EP17209788A EP3361138A1 EP 3361138 A1 EP3361138 A1 EP 3361138A1 EP 17209788 A EP17209788 A EP 17209788A EP 3361138 A1 EP3361138 A1 EP 3361138A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealed
support plate
pipe
storage device
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17209788.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3361138B1 (en
Inventor
Bruno SORREGUIETA-ADER
Jean-Damien CAPDEVILLE
Mathias FREMINET
Mathieu CASTAING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Original Assignee
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaztransport et Technigaz SA filed Critical Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Publication of EP3361138A1 publication Critical patent/EP3361138A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3361138B1 publication Critical patent/EP3361138B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
    • B63B73/49—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods by means of threaded members, e.g. screws, threaded bolts or nuts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/002—Storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0379—Manholes or access openings for human beings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0123—Terminals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid. Sealed and thermally insulating vessels are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a steam circulation path between the interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the vessel.
  • the document KR20140088975 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is housed inside a double hull of a ship and having a gas dome structure for defining a steam circulation path between the interior of the vessel and two collectors of steam arranged outside the tank.
  • the gas dome structure includes a sealed and thermally insulated conduit that passes through the outer shell of the double shell.
  • the sealed pipe has at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of an outwardly folded rim and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a seal.
  • the seal interposed between the removable cover and the assembly flange is directly in contact with the vapor phase staying in the inner drum.
  • the fluid stored in the tank is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas
  • the steam is likely to have low temperatures, up to -160 ° C.
  • the seal is likely to be subjected to relatively low temperatures and therefore to a large temperature amplitude, which may, in the long term, damage it and cause leaks in the structure of the structure. gas dome.
  • the reliability of such a gas dome can therefore be improved.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure comprising a sealed conduit and a removable cover closing the upper end of the sealed pipe and in which the seal at the junction between the Watertight conduit and removable cover, is ensured in a more reliable and durable way.
  • the minimum temperatures at which the seal is likely to be subjected are lower, which reduces the thermal amplitudes and thus to limit the degradation of the properties of the seal over time.
  • the life of the seal will be extended and the risk of leakage between the cover and the upper end of the sealed pipe are therefore lower.
  • such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following features.
  • the vapor collection duct passes through the wall of the sealed duct perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sealed duct.
  • the insulating pad comprises an insulating body and a base which is interposed between the insulating body and the support plate.
  • the base is equipped with a gripping member projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe through a hole in the insulating body.
  • the insulating pad has a circular shape.
  • the base comprises a rigid disk.
  • the rigid disk is for example made of stainless steel.
  • the gripping member is for example a handle passing through the insulating body.
  • the insulating pad comprises an insulating body comprising an upper plate, a lower plate and an insulating polymeric foam layer sandwiched between the lower plate and the upper plate.
  • the two upper and lower plates are made of plywood.
  • the insulating polymer foam layer comprises polyurethane.
  • the support plate and the insulating pad are fixed to each other.
  • the support plate is equipped with a plurality of studs each having a threaded end projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe and passing through a respective through opening in the insulating pad, the threaded end of each of said studs cooperating with a nut so as to fix said insulating pad to the support plate.
  • the sealed pipe has a shoulder formed between a lower portion and an upper portion of the sealed pipe, said upper portion having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower portion and said shoulder forming the support plate.
  • the support plate delimits an upper portion and a lower portion of the sealed conduit and protrudes transversely inwardly of the sealed conduit relative to said upper and lower portions of the sealed conduit.
  • the upper part of the sealed pipe has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the lower part of the sealed pipe.
  • the sealed pipe comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel which passes through the outer barrel and an insulating intermediate space formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel.
  • the inner barrel has an upper longitudinal end which is sealingly connected to the outer barrel and which is located in a region disposed longitudinally between the support plate and the lower longitudinal end of the sealed pipe.
  • the vapor collection conduit sealingly traverses a wall of the outer barrel in an area located longitudinally between the support plate and the upper end of the inner shaft.
  • the vapor collection zone is delimited by the support plate and the upper end of the inner shaft.
  • the gas dome structure includes a first vapor collection conduit that includes a safety valve and leads to a first vapor manifold that is connected to a degassing mast, a burner, a fuel vent propulsion of the vessel and / or a liquefaction device and a second steam collection conduit which leads to a second steam manifold connected to a manifold for connection to a gas storage terminal during the loading or unloading of the vessel.
  • the assembly flange protrudes transversely outwardly of the sealed pipe from the upper longitudinal end of said sealed pipe.
  • the insulating pad has a thickness greater than 70 mm.
  • each fastener comprises a threaded screw cooperating with a nut and passing through a hole in the cover and a hole in the assembly flange.
  • Such a fluid storage device can be part of an onshore storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deepwater, including a tanker or LNG tanker, a floating storage unit and regasification (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage unit and regasification
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas as a fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a ship.
  • such an assembly method may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the lower part of the sealed pipe and the support plate respectively correspond to a sealed pipe and an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
  • an assembly method makes it possible to obtain a gas dome structure according to the invention simply by relating the upper part to the original gas dome structure.
  • the lower part of the sealed pipe and the second flange respectively correspond to a sealed pipe and an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a fluid storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes to or from a floating or land storage facility to or from from the tank of the ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned fluid storage device, isolated pipes arranged to connect the tank of the fluid storage device to an installation of floating or terrestrial storage and a pump for drawing fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the fluid storage device.
  • a gas dome structure 1 for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), for example.
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • the gas dome structure 1 defines a steam circulation path between the interior space 2 of the vessel and one or more steam manifolds, not shown, which are located outside the vessel.
  • the tank is arranged inside the double hull of a ship.
  • the double hull of the ship has an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5.
  • the hull internal 5 is the carrying structure of the vessel and has a generally polyhedral shape.
  • each wall of the tank comprises, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 resting against the inner shell 5, a secondary membrane 7 sealed, a primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and a tight primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank.
  • the primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and the secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 each consist of heat-insulating element and more particularly of parallelepipedal heat-insulating boxes which are juxtaposed in a regular pattern.
  • the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, each consist of a series of parallel Invar® strakes with folded edges, which are alternately arranged with elongated welding supports, also in Invar®.
  • a sealed and thermally insulating tank having such a structure is described in the document FR2877638 .
  • the gas dome structure comprises a sealed pipe 10 which passes through two openings formed respectively in the outer shell 4 and in the inner shell 5.
  • the sealed pipe 10 extends in a longitudinal direction oriented orthogonally to the ceiling wall of the tank between an upper longitudinal end 14 and a lower longitudinal end 15 of said sealed pipe 10.
  • the sealed pipe 10 is sealingly welded to the secondary membrane 7 and primary membrane 9.
  • the sealed pipe 10 comprises an outer barrel 11, of cylindrical shape, which passes through the opening of the outer shell 4 and the opening of the inner shell 5.
  • the outer barrel 11 is open at each of its two ends .
  • the gas dome structure further comprises an inner shaft 12 attached to the outer shaft 11.
  • the inner shaft 12 is formed of a cylindrical peripheral wall open at both ends thereof.
  • the inner shaft 12 is concentric with the outer shaft 11 and extends inside thereof.
  • An insulating intermediate space 13 is formed between the outer shaft 11 and the inner shaft 12.
  • the insulating intermediate space 13 is filled with a filling insulation which is distributed uniformly over the inner bearing of the outer barrel 11, between said outer barrel 11 and the inner barrel 12.
  • the insulating lining comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from glass wool, rockwool, cotton wool, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymeric foams and aerogels.
  • the insulating intermediate space 13 is placed in depression.
  • the inner barrel 12 and the outer barrel 11 are connected to each other via an annular plate 16 extending horizontally between the inner barrel 12 and the outer barrel 11, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the inner barrels 12 and outer 11
  • the inner shaft 12 does not extend to the upper end of the outer shaft 11.
  • an insulating gasket 42 such as polyurethane foam for example, is distributed around the outer shaft 11 to isolate the watertight pipe 10, above the upper end of the inner shaft 12.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises at least one vapor collection duct 3, 17 which passes sealingly through the wall of the sealed duct 10 and opens into a collection zone 25 situated inside the duct 10.
  • each steam collection duct 3, 17 is capable of conducting steam between the collection zone 25 of the inside of the sealed duct 10 and a vapor collector disposed outside the sealed duct 10.
  • collection zone 25 is located longitudinally between the upper end of the inner shaft 12 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the watertight pipe 10.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises two vapor collection ducts 3, 17 which traverse transversely and in a sealed manner the peripheral wall of the sealed duct 10.
  • the vapor collection ducts 3, 17 pass only through the peripheral wall 11 and thus open inside the sealed pipe 10, in the collection zone 25.
  • the ends of the steam collection ducts 3, 17 are flush with the wall of the outer barrel 11 and therefore do not protrude inside the sealed pipe 10.
  • One of the vapor collection ducts 3 leads to a steam collector, not shown, and is equipped with a safety valve.
  • the valve of safety is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas vapor phase of the tank, when the vapor pressure in the tank is greater than a threshold pressure between 0 and 2 bar, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bar. Given the pressure losses, the calibration of the safety valve is slightly lower than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go.
  • This vapor collection duct 3 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims at controlling the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage it.
  • This vapor collection duct 3 conducts the steam to a vapor collector which leads, for example, to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a propulsion device of the ship or to a liquefaction device in which the vapor phase gas is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase.
  • the other vapor collection conduit 17 leads to a steam collector which is connected to a manifold intended to be connected to a gas storage terminal during the loading or unloading of the tank.
  • the steam collection duct 17 allows the circulation of steam during the loading and unloading operations of the tank. Indeed, during loading operations, when liquefied gas is transferred from a supply terminal to a tank, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the tank to the terminal, through the gas dome structure and the steam collection duct 17, in order to maintain substantially constant the pressure prevailing in the gas head of the tank. Conversely, during the unloading operations during which liquefied gas is transferred from the tank to a terminal, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the terminal to the tank to prevent a pressure decrease in the tank.
  • the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10 is equipped with an assembly flange 18.
  • the assembly flange 18 is of annular shape and extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the watertight pipe 10, c ' that is to say, horizontally, towards the outside of said sealed pipe 10.
  • the assembly flange 18 is welded to the upper end of the outer shaft 11.
  • the gas dome structure 1 also comprises a cover 19 which is fixed on said assembly flange 18 so as to close the longitudinal end upper portion 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
  • An annular seal 20, shown in FIG. figure 2 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18.
  • the cover 19 is removably attached to the upper longitudinal end 14. When the cover 19 is removed, it is thus possible to access the interior space 2 of the tank via the sealed pipe 10, for example to carry out maintenance operations and inspection of the tanks.
  • the cover 19 is fixed to the assembly flange 18 via a plurality of fasteners, not shown, which each pass through an orifice 21 formed at the periphery of the cover 19 and an orifice 22 facing the outer periphery of the assembly flange 18.
  • the fasteners are for example each consist of a bolt having a threaded rod and a nut cooperating with said threaded rod.
  • the cover 19 has on its upper face a fastening member 21 for handling by means of a handling tool.
  • the annular sealing gasket 20 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18 and thus ensures a seal between the outside and the inside of the sealed pipe 10.
  • the annular seal 20 can be positioned on a diameter smaller than the implantation diameter of the fasteners, that is to say between the inner portion of the assembly flange 18 and the cover 19.
  • the annular seal 20 comprises one or more eyelets which are formed in lugs 23 projecting outwardly from the annular seal 20.
  • the eyelets are each arranged opposite a orifice 21 formed in the cover 19 and an orifice 22 formed in the assembly flange 18.
  • each of the eyelets is traversed by one of the fasteners so as to maintain in position the annular sealing gasket 20
  • the annular seal 20 is placed in a recess in the cover 19 or in the assembly flange 18 to maintain said annular seal 20 in position .
  • the annular seal 20 is made of polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) reinforced with glass fibers and / or aramid and / or carbon.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • NBR butadiene acrylonitrile
  • the seal may be flat or O-ring.
  • the sealed pipe 10 and more particularly the outer shaft 11 of the sealed pipe 10 has a shoulder 24.
  • the shoulder 24 is disposed in an area located longitudinally between the collection zone 25 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed duct 10.
  • the shoulder is obtained by a change in diameter of the outer barrel 11 between an upper portion 26 and a lower portion 27 of the outer barrel 11.
  • the upper portion 26 of the outer barrel 11 has a diameter greater than that of the portion bottom 27 of the outside 11, which allows to provide, inside the sealed pipe 10, a support plate 29, of annular shape, which extends transversely between the upper portion 26 of the outer shaft 11 and the portion lower 27 outer drum 11.
  • the support plate 29 is mechanically reinforced by the presence of gussets placed outside the sealed pipe 1 0 and connecting the lower surface of the support plate to the outer surface of the outer drum 11.
  • the support plate 29 can support an insulating pad 30.
  • the insulating pad 30 is intended to plug the upper portion of the inside of the sealed pipe 10.
  • the insulating pad 30 has a lower surface 31 opposite the support plate 29.
  • the insulating pad 30 and the support plate 29 cooperate with one another, continuously, over the entire periphery of the insulating pad 30.
  • the insulating pad 30 comprises an insulating body 32 and a base 33.
  • the base 33 comprises a rigid disc, for example made of stainless steel, against which the insulating body 32 rests.
  • the base also comprises one or more grip handles 34 which make protruding upward towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe 10.
  • the handles 34 each pass through a respective hole 35 formed in the insulating body 32. Thus, such handles 34 facilitate the gripping and the handling of the insulating pad 30.
  • the insulating body 32 is shown cutaway on the figure 3 .
  • the insulating body 32 has an insulating polymeric foam layer 36 sandwiched between an upper plate 37 and a lower plate 38.
  • the plates, upper 37 and lower 38, are, for example, plywood boards glued to said layer of insulating polymer foam 36.
  • Such plywood boards are advantageous in that they make it possible to stiffen the insulating body while contributing to its thermally insulating nature.
  • the insulating polymeric foam layer 36 may in particular comprise a polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
  • the insulating body has a thickness greater than 70 mm, for example of the order of 150 mm.
  • the insulating pad 30 is fixed to the support plate 29.
  • the support plate 29 is equipped with a plurality of studs 39, shown in FIGS. figures 1 and 2 , which are regularly distributed around the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe 10.
  • the studs 39 project upwards towards the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
  • Each of the studs 39 passes through orifices 40 41
  • each of the studs 32 has a threaded end which cooperates with a nut so as to fix the insulating pad 30 to the support plate 29.
  • the orifices 40, 41 are also advantageous in that they allow a balancing of the pressures between the upper part of the internal space of the sealed pipe 10, situated above the support plate 29, and the lower part of the the interior space of the sealed pipe 10, located below the support plate 29.
  • the base 33 is a rigid structure consisting of welded metal bars.
  • the base 33 and the insulating body 32 are not integral.
  • the insulating body 32 has on its upper face facing the cover 19 gripping means such as handles in order to remove it.
  • the insulating body 32 then does not have holes 35 allowing the passage of handles or openings 41 opening as in the embodiment described in connection with the Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the base 33 can be fixed to the support plate 29. To do this, the base 33 then has holes allowing the passage of studs which are welded to the support plate 29. According to another embodiment variant the base 33 is not fixed to the support plate 29.
  • the figure 4 illustrates a gas dome structure 101 according to a second embodiment.
  • This gas dome structure 101 differs from that described above in that it is particularly likely to be obtained by adaptation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art, that is to say as described in the document KR20140088975 , for example.
  • a gas dome structure 1 is welded on the part, referenced 129 on the figure 3 , which is originally a flange for receiving a lid, an additional piece comprising, on the one hand, a cylindrical upper portion 126 extending the upstream watertight pipe 10 upwards and, on the other hand, an assembly flange 118 which protrudes outwardly of the cylindrical portion 125.
  • the upper portion 26 has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion 127 of origin. Therefore, the structure of the gas dome 101 thus modified has an equivalent arrangement to the gas dome structure 1 described above in connection with the Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the piece 129 forms the support plate against which is fixed the insulating pad 130. The adaptation operation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art is therefore easy to implement.
  • the insulating pad 130 is likely to have a similar structure to the insulating pad 30 described above.
  • studs 139 are furthermore welded to the support plate 129 and thus make it possible to fix the insulating pad 130 on the support plate 129 in a manner similar to that previously described.
  • the assembly flange 118, the seal and the cover 119 are also similar to those described above in connection with the previous embodiment.
  • the figure 5 is a top view schematically illustrating the shape of a support plate 229 according to an alternative embodiment. It is thus observed that the radially inner edge of the support plate 229 does not necessarily have a circular shape, as illustrated for example on the figure 2 , and is likely to have other shapes, such as a square shape.
  • the support plate 29, 129, 229 extends in a horizontal plane, it is also likely to have another arrangement in other embodiments.
  • the support plate has a frustoconical shape whose cone axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the sealed pipe 10, 110.
  • the bottom surface of the buffer insulation advantageously has a complementary frustoconical shape.
  • the figure 6 schematically illustrates the structure of a gas dome 301 according to another embodiment.
  • Elements identical or similar to the elements of Figures 1 to 3 that is to say fulfilling the same function, carry the same reference number increased by 300.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiments described above in that the support plate 329 is not formed in favor
  • the support plate 329 is a part which is welded to the inner shaft 311, to the upper part 326 and / or to the lower part 327 of said shaft. interior 311 and protruding inside the sealed conduit 310 with respect to said upper portion 326 and said lower portion 327.
  • the diameter of the upper portion 326 of the sealed conduit 310 is likely to be smaller, as shown in FIG. figure 6 , or equal to the diameter of the lower part 327, according to another variant embodiment.
  • Such a gas dome structure 301 is also likely to be obtained by adaptation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
  • the lower part 327 of the sealed pipe 310 corresponds to the sealed conduit of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
  • the upper portion 326 equipped with the assembly flange 318 on the original gas dome structure it is reported that the upper portion 326 equipped with the assembly flange 318 on the original gas dome structure.
  • the upper part 326 has a diameter equal to that of the lower part and the upper part is welded to the part, referenced 343, which was used originally, that is to say before the modification of structure, flange for receiving the lid. This makes it possible to use a cover 319 having the same diameter as the original cover and thus makes it possible to reuse the original cover 319 in the case where a gas dome structure is adapted according to the state of the art.
  • the technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in various types of membrane tanks, in a land installation or in a floating structure such as a LNG tank or other.
  • a cutaway view of a LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
  • loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 7 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges LNG carriers.
  • a link pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading station and unloading 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
  • the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG tank 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure de dôme gaz (1) destinée à une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante et comportant :
- une conduite étanche (10) équipée d'une bride d'assemblage (18) et une extrémité longitudinale inférieure (15) destinée à traverser une paroi de plafond de la cuve ;
- un couvercle (19) qui est fixé à ladite bride d'assemblage (18) ;
- un joint annulaire d'étanchéité (20) qui est comprimé entre le couvercle (19) et la bride d'assemblage (18) ;
- un conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17) qui traverse de manière étanche une paroi de la conduite étanche (10) ;
- la conduite étanche (10) comportant un plateau de support (29) qui supporte un tampon isolant (30) qui bouche la portion supérieure de la conduite étanche (10).

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to a gas dome structure (1) for a sealed and thermally insulating tank and comprising:
- a sealed pipe (10) equipped with an assembly flange (18) and a lower longitudinal end (15) for passing through a ceiling wall of the tank;
a cover (19) which is fixed to said assembly flange (18);
- an annular seal (20) which is compressed between the cover (19) and the assembly flange (18);
- a vapor collection duct (3, 17) which tightly crosses a wall of the sealed duct (10);
- The sealed pipe (10) comprising a support plate (29) which supports an insulating pad (30) which blocks the upper portion of the sealed pipe (10).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention se rapporte au domaine des cuves, étanches et thermiquement isolantes, pour le stockage et/ou le transport de fluide, tel qu'un fluide cryogénique. Des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes sont notamment employées pour le stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL), qui est stocké, à pression atmosphérique, à environ -162°C.The invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid. Sealed and thermally insulating vessels are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure at about -162 ° C.

L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à une structure de dôme gaz qui est destinée à définir une voie de circulation de vapeur entre l'espace intérieur de la cuve et au moins un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve.The invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a steam circulation path between the interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the vessel.

Arrière-plan technologiqueTechnological background

Le document KR20140088975 divulgue une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante qui est logée à l'intérieur d'une double coque d'un navire et comportant une structure de dôme gaz destinée à définir une voie de circulation de vapeur entre l'espace intérieur de la cuve et deux collecteurs de vapeur disposés à l'extérieur de la cuve.The document KR20140088975 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is housed inside a double hull of a ship and having a gas dome structure for defining a steam circulation path between the interior of the vessel and two collectors of steam arranged outside the tank.

La structure de dôme gaz comporte une conduite étanche et thermiquement isolée qui passe au travers de la coque externe de la double coque. La conduite étanche comporte au niveau de son extrémité supérieure une bride d'assemblage constituée d'un rebord replié vers l'extérieur et recevant un couvercle amovible avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité. Toutefois, le joint d'étanchéité interposé entre le couvercle amovible et la bride d'assemblage est directement en contact avec la phase vapeur séjournant dans le fût intérieur. Or, lorsque le fluide stocké dans la cuve est un fluide cryogénique, tel que du gaz liquéfié, la vapeur est susceptible de présenter de faibles températures, jusqu'à -160°C environ. Ainsi, le joint d'étanchéité est susceptible d'être soumis à des températures relativement basses et donc à une amplitude de température importante, ce qui risque, à terme, de l'endommager et d'occasionner des fuites au niveau de la structure de dôme gaz. La fiabilité d'un tel dôme gaz peut donc être améliorée.The gas dome structure includes a sealed and thermally insulated conduit that passes through the outer shell of the double shell. The sealed pipe has at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of an outwardly folded rim and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a seal. However, the seal interposed between the removable cover and the assembly flange is directly in contact with the vapor phase staying in the inner drum. However, when the fluid stored in the tank is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas, the steam is likely to have low temperatures, up to -160 ° C. Thus, the seal is likely to be subjected to relatively low temperatures and therefore to a large temperature amplitude, which may, in the long term, damage it and cause leaks in the structure of the structure. gas dome. The reliability of such a gas dome can therefore be improved.

Résumésummary

Une idée à la base de l'invention est de proposer une structure de dôme gaz comportant un conduit étanche et un couvercle amovible fermant l'extrémité supérieure de la conduite étanche et dans laquelle l'étanchéité, à la jonction entre le conduit étanche et le couvercle amovible, est assurée de manière plus fiable et plus pérenne.An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure comprising a sealed conduit and a removable cover closing the upper end of the sealed pipe and in which the seal at the junction between the Watertight conduit and removable cover, is ensured in a more reliable and durable way.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit un dispositif de stockage de fluide comportant une coque et une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante disposée dans la coque; la cuve présentant un espace intérieur destiné au stockage du fluide et comportant une paroi de plafond comportant :

  • une barrière thermiquement isolante reposant contre la coque ; et
  • une membrane d'étanchéité destinée à être en contact avec le fluide contenu dans la cuve ; le dispositif de stockage comportant une structure de dôme gaz :
  • une conduite étanche présentant une extrémité longitudinale supérieure équipée d'une bride d'assemblage et une extrémité longitudinale inférieure traversant la barrière thermiquement isolante et la membrane d'étanchéité (9) de la paroi de plafond de la cuve de manière à définir une voie de circulation entre l'espace intérieur de la cuve et au moins un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve ;
  • un couvercle qui est fixé à ladite bride d'assemblage par des organes de fixation pour fermer l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche ;
  • un joint annulaire d'étanchéité qui est comprimé entre le couvercle et la bride d'assemblage ;
  • un conduit de collecte de vapeur qui traverse de manière étanche une paroi de la conduite étanche de manière à déboucher à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche dans une zone de collecte, ledit conduit de collecte de vapeur étant ainsi apte à conduire de la vapeur entre la zone de collecte et le collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve ;
  • la conduite étanche comportant un plateau de support qui s'étend transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche, et est situé longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche ; le plateau de support délimitant, d'une part, une portion inférieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche qui est située en dessous du plateau de support et, d'autre part, une portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche qui est située au-dessus du plateau de support ;
  • un tampon isolant qui bouche la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche, ledit tampon isolant comportant une surface supérieure et une surface inférieure qui sont respectivement en regard du couvercle et du plateau de support; le plateau de support supportant le tampon isolant et coopérant avec la surface inférieure du tampon isolant sur toute la périphérie de ladite surface inférieure de manière à former une barrière limitant un phénomène de convection thermique entre la portion inférieure et la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche.
According to one embodiment, the invention provides a fluid storage device comprising a shell and a sealed and thermally insulating tank disposed in the shell; the tank having an interior space for storing fluid and having a ceiling wall comprising:
  • a thermally insulating barrier resting against the hull; and
  • a sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank; the storage device comprising a gas dome structure:
  • a sealed pipe having an upper longitudinal end equipped with an assembly flange and a lower longitudinal end passing through the thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane (9) of the ceiling wall of the tank so as to define a channel for circulation between the interior space of the tank and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the tank;
  • a cover which is secured to said assembly flange by fasteners for closing the upper longitudinal end of the sealed conduit;
  • an annular seal which is compressed between the cover and the assembly flange;
  • a vapor collection duct which sealingly crosses a wall of the sealed duct so as to open into the sealed duct in a collection zone, said vapor collection duct thus being able to conduct steam between the collection zone and the vapor collector disposed outside the vessel;
  • the sealed conduit having a support plate extending transversely inwardly of the sealed conduit, and is located longitudinally between the collection zone and the upper longitudinal end of the sealed conduit; the support plate delimiting, on the one hand, a lower portion of the interior of the sealed pipe which is located below the support plate and, on the other hand, an upper portion of the inside of the sealed pipe which is located above the support plate;
  • an insulating pad which closes the upper portion of the inside of the sealed pipe, said insulating pad having an upper surface and a lower surface which are respectively facing the cover and the support plate; the support plate supporting the insulating pad and cooperating with the lower surface of the insulating pad over the entire periphery of said lower surface so as to form a barrier limiting a thermal convection phenomenon between the lower portion and the upper portion of the interior of the the waterproof pipe.

Ainsi, grâce à la présence du tampon isolant, les températures minimales auxquelles le joint d'étanchéité est susceptible d'être soumis sont moins basses, ce qui permet de réduire les amplitudes thermiques et ainsi de limiter la dégradation des propriétés du joint d'étanchéité au cours du temps. La durée de vie du joint sera donc rallongée et les risques de fuite entre le couvercle et l'extrémité supérieure de la conduite étanche sont donc moindres.Thus, thanks to the presence of the insulating pad, the minimum temperatures at which the seal is likely to be subjected are lower, which reduces the thermal amplitudes and thus to limit the degradation of the properties of the seal over time. The life of the seal will be extended and the risk of leakage between the cover and the upper end of the sealed pipe are therefore lower.

Selon des modes de réalisation, un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following features.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse la paroi de la conduite étanche perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection duct passes through the wall of the sealed duct perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sealed duct.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant comporte un corps isolant et une base qui est interposée entre le corps isolant et le plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad comprises an insulating body and a base which is interposed between the insulating body and the support plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la base est équipée d'un organe de préhension faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche au travers d'un trou ménagé dans le corps isolant.According to one embodiment, the base is equipped with a gripping member projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe through a hole in the insulating body.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant présente une forme circulaire.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad has a circular shape.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la base comporte un disque rigide. Le disque rigide est par exemple en acier inoxydable.According to one embodiment, the base comprises a rigid disk. The rigid disk is for example made of stainless steel.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'organe de préhension est par exemple une poignée passant au travers du corps isolant.According to one embodiment, the gripping member is for example a handle passing through the insulating body.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant comporte un corps isolant comprenant une plaque supérieure, une plaque inférieure et une couche de mousse polymère isolante prise en sandwich entre la plaque inférieure et la plaque supérieure.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad comprises an insulating body comprising an upper plate, a lower plate and an insulating polymeric foam layer sandwiched between the lower plate and the upper plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les deux plaques supérieure et inférieure sont en bois contreplaqué.According to one embodiment, the two upper and lower plates are made of plywood.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la couche de mousse polymère isolante comporte du polyuréthane.According to one embodiment, the insulating polymer foam layer comprises polyurethane.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support et le tampon isolant sont fixés l'un à l'autre.According to one embodiment, the support plate and the insulating pad are fixed to each other.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support est équipé d'une pluralité de goujons qui présentent chacun une extrémité filetée faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche et traversant un orifice débouchant respectif ménagé dans le tampon isolant, l'extrémité filetée de chacun desdits goujons coopérant avec un écrou de manière à fixer ledit tampon isolant au plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the support plate is equipped with a plurality of studs each having a threaded end projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe and passing through a respective through opening in the insulating pad, the threaded end of each of said studs cooperating with a nut so as to fix said insulating pad to the support plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la conduite étanche comporte un épaulement ménagé entre une partie inférieure et une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche, ladite partie supérieure présentant un diamètre supérieur au diamètre de la partie inférieure et ledit épaulement formant le plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the sealed pipe has a shoulder formed between a lower portion and an upper portion of the sealed pipe, said upper portion having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower portion and said shoulder forming the support plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support délimite une partie supérieure et une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et fait saillie transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche par rapport auxdites parties supérieure et inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the support plate delimits an upper portion and a lower portion of the sealed conduit and protrudes transversely inwardly of the sealed conduit relative to said upper and lower portions of the sealed conduit.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche présente un diamètre inférieur ou égal au diamètre de la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the upper part of the sealed pipe has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the lower part of the sealed pipe.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la conduite étanche comporte un fût extérieur, un fût intérieur qui passe au travers du fût extérieur et un espace intermédiaire isolant ménagé entre le fût extérieur et le fût intérieur.According to one embodiment, the sealed pipe comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel which passes through the outer barrel and an insulating intermediate space formed between the outer barrel and the inner barrel.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le fût intérieur présente une extrémité longitudinale supérieure qui est raccordée de manière étanche au fût extérieur et qui est située dans une zone disposée longitudinalement entre le plateau de support et l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the inner barrel has an upper longitudinal end which is sealingly connected to the outer barrel and which is located in a region disposed longitudinally between the support plate and the lower longitudinal end of the sealed pipe.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse de manière étanche une paroi du fût extérieur dans une zone située longitudinalement entre le plateau de support et l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur.In one embodiment, the vapor collection conduit sealingly traverses a wall of the outer barrel in an area located longitudinally between the support plate and the upper end of the inner shaft.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la zone de collecte de vapeur est délimitée par le plateau de support et l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection zone is delimited by the support plate and the upper end of the inner shaft.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la structure de dôme gaz comporte un premier conduit de collecte de vapeur qui comporte une soupape de sureté et mène à un premier collecteur de vapeur qui est relié à un mât de dégazage, à un bruleur, à un dispositif de propulsion du navire et/ou à un dispositif de liquéfaction et un deuxième conduit de collecte de vapeur qui mène à deuxième collecteur de vapeur relié à un manifold destiné à être raccordé à un terminal de stockage de gaz lors du chargement ou déchargement de la cuve.According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure includes a first vapor collection conduit that includes a safety valve and leads to a first vapor manifold that is connected to a degassing mast, a burner, a fuel vent propulsion of the vessel and / or a liquefaction device and a second steam collection conduit which leads to a second steam manifold connected to a manifold for connection to a gas storage terminal during the loading or unloading of the vessel.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la bride d'assemblage fait saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la conduite étanche depuis l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de ladite conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the assembly flange protrudes transversely outwardly of the sealed pipe from the upper longitudinal end of said sealed pipe.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant présente une épaisseur supérieure à 70 mm.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad has a thickness greater than 70 mm.

Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque organe de fixation comporte une vis filetée coopérant avec un écrou et passant au travers d'un orifice ménagé dans le couvercle et d'un orifice ménagé dans la bride d'assemblage.According to one embodiment, each fastener comprises a threaded screw cooperating with a nut and passing through a hole in the cover and a hole in the assembly flange.

Un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide peut faire partie d'une installation de stockage terrestre, par exemple pour stocker du GNL ou être installée dans une structure flottante, côtière ou en eau profonde, notamment un navire éthanier ou méthanier, une unité flottante de stockage et de regazéification (FSRU), une unité flottante de production et de stockage déporté (FPSO) et autres. Dans le cas d'une structure flottante, la cuve peut être destinée à recevoir du gaz naturel liquéfié servant de carburant pour la propulsion de la structure flottante.Such a fluid storage device can be part of an onshore storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deepwater, including a tanker or LNG tanker, a floating storage unit and regasification (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas as a fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de stockage de fluide est configuré sous la forme d'un navire.According to one embodiment, the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a ship.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage du dispositif de stockage de fluide précité, le procédé comportant:

  • assembler un ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur de telle sorte que :
    • la conduite étanche présente l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure équipée de la bride d'assemblage, l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure traversant la barrière thermiquement isolante et la membrane d'étanchéité et le plateau de support qui s'étend transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche, et est situé longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche ; et que
    • le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse de manière étanche la paroi de la conduite étanche et débouche à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche dans la zone de collecte ;
  • disposer le tampon isolant à l'intérieur de la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche en appui contre le plateau de support ;
  • fixer le couvercle à la bride d'assemblage en comprimant le joint annulaire d'étanchéité entre le couvercle et la bride d'assemblage.
According to one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for assembling the above-mentioned fluid storage device, the method comprising:
  • assembling an assembly comprising the sealed conduit and the vapor collection conduit such that:
    • the sealed pipe has the upper longitudinal end equipped with the assembly flange, the lower longitudinal end passing through the thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane and the support plate extending transversely towards the inside of the pipe; sealed, and is located longitudinally between the collection zone and the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe; and
    • the vapor collection duct passes sealingly through the wall of the sealed duct and opens into the sealed duct in the collection zone;
  • arranging the insulating pad inside the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe bearing against the support plate;
  • attach the cover to the assembly flange by squeezing the annular seal between the cover and the flange assembly.

Selon des modes de réalisation, un tel procédé d'assemblage peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such an assembly method may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur comporte :

  • fournir une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et le plateau de support, le plateau de support étant fixé à ladite partie inférieure et faisant saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la partie inférieure;
  • fournir une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche équipée de la bride d'assemblage; la partie supérieure présentant un diamètre supérieur à celui de la portion inférieure ;
  • fixer de manière étanche la partie supérieure sur le plateau de support.
According to a first embodiment, the assembly of the assembly comprising the sealed pipe and the vapor collection pipe comprises:
  • providing a lower portion of the sealed conduit and the carrier plate, the carrier plate being attached to said lower portion and protruding transversely outwardly from the lower portion;
  • provide an upper portion of the sealed conduit equipped with the assembly flange; the upper part having a diameter greater than that of the lower portion;
  • seal the upper part on the support plate.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et le plateau de support correspondent respectivement à une conduite étanche et à une bride d'assemblage d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Ainsi, un tel procédé d'assemblage permet d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz conforme à l'invention, simplement en rapportant la partie supérieure sur la structure de dôme gaz d'origine.According to one embodiment, the lower part of the sealed pipe and the support plate respectively correspond to a sealed pipe and an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. Thus, such an assembly method makes it possible to obtain a gas dome structure according to the invention simply by relating the upper part to the original gas dome structure.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur comporte :

  • fournir une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche ; ladite partie supérieure de la conduite étanche étant équipée de la bride d'assemblage ;
  • fournir une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche, ladite partie inférieure comportant une deuxième bride faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur ;
  • fournir le plateau de support ;
  • fixer le plateau de support sur la partie inférieure et/ou sur la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche ; et
  • fixer la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche à la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche coaxialement à celle-ci.
According to another embodiment, the assembly of the assembly comprising the sealed pipe and the vapor collection pipe comprises:
  • provide an upper portion of the watertight conduit; said upper part of the sealed pipe being equipped with the assembly flange;
  • providing a lower portion of the sealed conduit, said lower portion having a second flange projecting radially outwardly;
  • provide the support tray;
  • attach the support plate to the bottom and / or top of the watertight pipe; and
  • attach the upper part of the sealed pipe to the lower part of the watertight pipe coaxially with it.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et la deuxième bride correspondent respectivement à une conduite étanche et à une bride d'assemblage d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Ainsi, un tel mode d'assemblage permet de modifier une structure de dôme gaz existante en vue d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz conforme à l'invention tout en ayant la possibilité de conserver le couvercle d'origine.According to one embodiment, the lower part of the sealed pipe and the second flange respectively correspond to a sealed pipe and an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. Thus, such an assembly method makes it possible to modify an existing gas dome structure in order to obtain a gas dome structure according to the invention while having the possibility of retaining the original cover.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un procédé de chargement ou déchargement d'un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a fluid storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes to or from a floating or land storage facility to or from from the tank of the ship.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant le dispositif de stockage de fluide précité, des canalisations isolées agencées de manière à relier la cuve du dispositif de stockage de fluide à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre et une pompe pour entrainer un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l'installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du dispositif de stockage de fluide.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned fluid storage device, isolated pipes arranged to connect the tank of the fluid storage device to an installation of floating or terrestrial storage and a pump for drawing fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the fluid storage device.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe illustrant une structure de dôme gaz selon un premier mode de réalisation et notamment la zone externe du dôme gaz qui est située à l'extérieur de la double coque d'un navire, la zone interne du dôme gaz située à l'intérieur de la double coque du navire étant sommairement illustrée.
  • La figure 2 est une vue éclatée, partiellement écorchée de la zone externe de la structure de dôme gaz de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une vue éclatée du tampon isolant destinée à boucher l'intérieur de la conduite étanche de la structure de dôme gaz des figures 1 et 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe illustrant la zone externe d'une structure de dôme gaz selon un deuxième mode de réalisation.
  • La figure 5 est une vue schématique de dessus illustrant la géométrie d'un plateau de support, destiné à supporter un tampon d'étanchéité, selon une variante de réalisation.
  • La figure 6 est une illustration schématique en coupe de la conduite étanche, du plateau de support et du tampon isolant d'une structure de dôme gaz selon un autre mode de réalisation.
  • La figure 7 est une représentation schématique écorchée d'une cuve de navire méthanier comportant équipée d'une structure de dôme gaz et d'un terminal de chargement/déchargement de cette cuve.
The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages thereof will become more clearly apparent in the description following of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for illustrative and non-limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • The figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating a gas dome structure according to a first embodiment and in particular the outer zone of the gas dome which is located outside the double hull of a ship, the inner zone of the gas dome located at the inside the double hull of the ship being summarily illustrated.
  • The figure 2 is an exploded, partially broken away view of the outer zone of the gas dome structure of the figure 1 .
  • The figure 3 is an exploded view of the insulating pad intended to plug the inside of the sealed pipe of the gas dome structure of the figures 1 and 2 .
  • The figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating the outer zone of a gas dome structure according to a second embodiment.
  • The figure 5 is a schematic top view illustrating the geometry of a support plate, for supporting a sealing pad, according to an alternative embodiment.
  • The figure 6 is a schematic sectional illustration of the sealed pipe, the support plate and the insulating pad of a gas dome structure according to another embodiment.
  • The figure 7 is a cutaway schematic representation of a tank of LNG carrier having equipped with a gas dome structure and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.

Description détaillée de modes de réalisationDetailed description of embodiments

En relation avec la figure 1, l'on observe partiellement une structure de dôme gaz 1 pour une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d'un gaz liquéfié, tel que du Gaz Naturel Liquéfié (GNL) ou du Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié (GPL), par exemple. La structure de dôme gaz 1 définit une voie de circulation de vapeur entre l'espace intérieur 2 de la cuve et un ou plusieurs collecteurs de vapeur, non représentés, qui sont situés à l'extérieur de la cuve.In relation to the figure 1 , partially observed a gas dome structure 1 for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), for example. The gas dome structure 1 defines a steam circulation path between the interior space 2 of the vessel and one or more steam manifolds, not shown, which are located outside the vessel.

La cuve est disposée à l'intérieur de la double coque d'un navire. La double coque du navire comporte une coque externe 4 et une coque interne 5. La coque interne 5 constitue la structure porteuse de la cuve et présente une forme générale polyédrique. Comme représenté sur la figure 1, chaque paroi de la cuve comporte, dans la direction d'épaisseur de ladite paroi, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de la cuve, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 6 reposant contre la coque interne 5, une membrane secondaire 7 étanche, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8 et une membrane primaire 9 étanche destinée à être en contact avec le fluide stocké dans la cuve.The tank is arranged inside the double hull of a ship. The double hull of the ship has an outer shell 4 and an inner shell 5. The hull internal 5 is the carrying structure of the vessel and has a generally polyhedral shape. As shown on the figure 1 each wall of the tank comprises, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 resting against the inner shell 5, a secondary membrane 7 sealed, a primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and a tight primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8 et la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 6 sont chacune constituées d'élément calorifuges et plus particulièrement de caissons calorifuges parallélépipédiques qui sont juxtaposés selon un motif régulier. En outre, les membranes, secondaire 7 et primaire 9, sont à chaque fois constituées d'une série de virures en Invar® parallèles à bords repliés, qui sont disposées alternativement avec des supports de soudure allongés, également en Invar®. A titre d'exemple, une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante présentant une telle structure est décrite dans le document FR2877638 .According to one embodiment, the primary heat-insulating barrier 8 and the secondary heat-insulating barrier 6 each consist of heat-insulating element and more particularly of parallelepipedal heat-insulating boxes which are juxtaposed in a regular pattern. In addition, the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, each consist of a series of parallel Invar® strakes with folded edges, which are alternately arranged with elongated welding supports, also in Invar®. By way of example, a sealed and thermally insulating tank having such a structure is described in the document FR2877638 .

Comme représenté sur la figure 1, la structure de dôme gaz comporte une conduite étanche 10 qui passe au travers de deux ouvertures ménagées respectivement dans la coque externe 4 et dans la coque interne 5. La conduite étanche 10 s'étend selon une direction longitudinale orientée orthogonalement à la paroi de plafond de la cuve entre une extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 et une extrémité longitudinale inférieure 15 de ladite conduite étanche 10. La conduite étanche 10 est soudée de manière étanche aux membranes secondaire 7 et primaire 9.As shown on the figure 1 , the gas dome structure comprises a sealed pipe 10 which passes through two openings formed respectively in the outer shell 4 and in the inner shell 5. The sealed pipe 10 extends in a longitudinal direction oriented orthogonally to the ceiling wall of the tank between an upper longitudinal end 14 and a lower longitudinal end 15 of said sealed pipe 10. The sealed pipe 10 is sealingly welded to the secondary membrane 7 and primary membrane 9.

La conduite étanche 10 comporte un fût extérieur 11, de forme cylindrique, qui passe au travers de l'ouverture de la coque externe 4 et de l'ouverture de la coque interne 5. Le fût extérieur 11 est ouvert à chacune de ses deux extrémités. La structure de dôme gaz comporte en outre un fût intérieur 12 fixé au fût extérieur 11. Le fût intérieur 12 est formé d'une paroi périphérique cylindrique ouverte à ses deux extrémités. Le fût intérieur 12 est concentrique au fût extérieur 11 et s'étend à l'intérieur de celui-ci.The sealed pipe 10 comprises an outer barrel 11, of cylindrical shape, which passes through the opening of the outer shell 4 and the opening of the inner shell 5. The outer barrel 11 is open at each of its two ends . The gas dome structure further comprises an inner shaft 12 attached to the outer shaft 11. The inner shaft 12 is formed of a cylindrical peripheral wall open at both ends thereof. The inner shaft 12 is concentric with the outer shaft 11 and extends inside thereof.

Un espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est ménagé entre le fût extérieur 11 et le fût intérieur 12. L'espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est rempli d'une garniture isolante qui est répartie uniformément sur la portée intérieure du fût extérieur 11, entre ledit fût extérieur 11 et le fût intérieur 12. La garniture isolante comporte un ou plusieurs matériaux isolants choisis parmi la laine de verre, la laine de roche, l'ouate, les matières fibreuses, la perlite, la perlite expansée, les mousses polymère et les aérogels. De manière alternative ou complémentaire, l'espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est placé en dépression.An insulating intermediate space 13 is formed between the outer shaft 11 and the inner shaft 12. The insulating intermediate space 13 is filled with a filling insulation which is distributed uniformly over the inner bearing of the outer barrel 11, between said outer barrel 11 and the inner barrel 12. The insulating lining comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from glass wool, rockwool, cotton wool, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymeric foams and aerogels. In alternative or complementary manner, the insulating intermediate space 13 is placed in depression.

Le fût intérieur 12 et le fût extérieur 11 sont raccordés l'un à l'autre via une platine annulaire 16 s'étendant horizontalement entre le fut intérieur 12 et le fût extérieur 11, transversalement à la direction longitudinale des fûts intérieur 12 et extérieur 11. Le fût intérieur 12 ne s'étend pas jusqu'à l'extrémité supérieure du fût extérieur 11.The inner barrel 12 and the outer barrel 11 are connected to each other via an annular plate 16 extending horizontally between the inner barrel 12 and the outer barrel 11, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the inner barrels 12 and outer 11 The inner shaft 12 does not extend to the upper end of the outer shaft 11.

Par ailleurs, on observe également sur la figure 1 qu'une garniture isolante 42, telle que de la mousse de polyuréthane par exemple, est répartie autour du fût extérieur 11 afin d'isoler la conduite étanche 10, au-dessus de l'extrémité supérieure du fut intérieur 12.Moreover, we also observe on the figure 1 an insulating gasket 42, such as polyurethane foam for example, is distributed around the outer shaft 11 to isolate the watertight pipe 10, above the upper end of the inner shaft 12.

La structure de dôme gaz 1 comporte au moins un conduit de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 qui traverse de manière étanche la paroi de la conduite étanche 10 et débouche dans une zone de collecte 25, située à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Ainsi, chaque conduit de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 est apte à conduire de la vapeur entre la zone de collecte 25 de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10 et un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la conduite étanche 10. La zone de collecte 25 est située longitudinalement entre l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur 12 et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 1, la structure de dôme gaz 1 comporte deux conduits de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 qui traversent transversalement et de manière étanche la paroi périphérique de la conduite étanche 10. Plus particulièrement, les conduits de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 traversent uniquement la paroi périphérique du fût extérieur 11 et débouchent ainsi à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, dans la zone de collecte 25. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, les extrémités des conduits de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 affleurent la paroi du fût extérieur 11 et ne font donc pas saillie à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10.The gas dome structure 1 comprises at least one vapor collection duct 3, 17 which passes sealingly through the wall of the sealed duct 10 and opens into a collection zone 25 situated inside the duct 10. Thus, each steam collection duct 3, 17 is capable of conducting steam between the collection zone 25 of the inside of the sealed duct 10 and a vapor collector disposed outside the sealed duct 10. collection zone 25 is located longitudinally between the upper end of the inner shaft 12 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the watertight pipe 10. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 1 , the gas dome structure 1 comprises two vapor collection ducts 3, 17 which traverse transversely and in a sealed manner the peripheral wall of the sealed duct 10. More particularly, the vapor collection ducts 3, 17 pass only through the peripheral wall 11 and thus open inside the sealed pipe 10, in the collection zone 25. In the embodiment shown, the ends of the steam collection ducts 3, 17 are flush with the wall of the outer barrel 11 and therefore do not protrude inside the sealed pipe 10.

L'un des conduits de collecte de vapeur 3 mène vers un collecteur de vapeur, non représenté, et est équipé d'une soupape de sureté. La soupape de sureté est tarée de manière à assurer une évacuation du gaz en phase vapeur, de la cuve, lorsque la pression de vapeur dans la cuve est supérieure à une pression seuil comprise entre 0 et 2 bars, par exemple comprise entre 0.2 et 0.4 bars. Compte-tenu des pertes de charges, le tarage de la soupape de sureté est légèrement inférieur à la pression seuil au-delà de laquelle la pression de vapeur dans la cuve ne doit pas aller. Ce conduit de collecte de vapeur 3 permet d'extraire de la vapeur de la cuve en cas de surpression et vise à contrôler la pression à l'intérieur de la cuve de manière à éviter les surpressions susceptibles de l'endommager. Ce conduit de collecte de vapeur 3 conduit la vapeur vers un collecteur de vapeur qui mène par exemple, vers un mât de dégazage, vers un bruleur, vers un dispositif de propulsion du navire ou vers un dispositif de liquéfaction dans lequel le gaz en phase vapeur est re-liquéfié puis réintroduit dans la cuve en phase liquide.One of the vapor collection ducts 3 leads to a steam collector, not shown, and is equipped with a safety valve. The valve of safety is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas vapor phase of the tank, when the vapor pressure in the tank is greater than a threshold pressure between 0 and 2 bar, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bar. Given the pressure losses, the calibration of the safety valve is slightly lower than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go. This vapor collection duct 3 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims at controlling the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage it. This vapor collection duct 3 conducts the steam to a vapor collector which leads, for example, to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a propulsion device of the ship or to a liquefaction device in which the vapor phase gas is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase.

L'autre conduit de collecte de vapeur 17 mène vers un collecteur de vapeur qui est relié à un manifold destiné à être raccordé à un terminal de stockage de gaz lors du chargement ou déchargement de la cuve. Ainsi, le conduit de collecte de vapeur 17 permet la circulation de vapeur lors des opérations de chargement et de déchargement de la cuve. En effet, pendant des opérations de chargement, lorsque du gaz liquéfié est transféré d'un terminal d'approvisionnement vers une cuve, du gaz en phase gazeuse est simultanément transféré de la cuve vers le terminal, au travers de la structure de dôme gaz et du conduit de collecte de vapeur 17, afin de maintenir sensiblement constante la pression régnant dans le ciel gazeux de la cuve. A l'inverse, pendant les opérations de déchargement au cours desquelles du gaz liquéfié est transféré de la cuve vers un terminal, du gaz en phase gazeuse est simultanément transféré du terminal vers la cuve afin d'éviter une diminution de pression dans la cuve.The other vapor collection conduit 17 leads to a steam collector which is connected to a manifold intended to be connected to a gas storage terminal during the loading or unloading of the tank. Thus, the steam collection duct 17 allows the circulation of steam during the loading and unloading operations of the tank. Indeed, during loading operations, when liquefied gas is transferred from a supply terminal to a tank, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the tank to the terminal, through the gas dome structure and the steam collection duct 17, in order to maintain substantially constant the pressure prevailing in the gas head of the tank. Conversely, during the unloading operations during which liquefied gas is transferred from the tank to a terminal, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the terminal to the tank to prevent a pressure decrease in the tank.

Par ailleurs, comme représenté de manière plus détaillée sur la figure 2, l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10 est équipée d'une bride d'assemblage 18. La bride d'assemblage 18 est de forme annulaire et s'étend transversalement à la direction longitudinale de la conduite étanche 10, c'est-à-dire horizontalement, vers l'extérieur de ladite conduite étanche 10. La bride d'assemblage 18 est soudée à l'extrémité supérieure du fût extérieur 11.Moreover, as shown in more detail on the figure 2 , the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10 is equipped with an assembly flange 18. The assembly flange 18 is of annular shape and extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the watertight pipe 10, c ' that is to say, horizontally, towards the outside of said sealed pipe 10. The assembly flange 18 is welded to the upper end of the outer shaft 11.

La structure de dôme gaz 1 comporte également un couvercle 19 qui est fixé sur ladite bride d'assemblage 18 de manière à fermer l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. Un joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20, représenté sur la figure 2 est comprimé entre le couvercle 19 et la bride d'assemblage 18. Le couvercle 19 est fixé de manière amovible sur l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14. Lorsque le couvercle 19 est enlevé, il est ainsi possible d'accéder à l'espace intérieur 2 de la cuve via la conduite étanche 10, par exemple en vue de procéder à des opérations de maintenance et d'inspection des cuves. Le couvercle 19 est fixé à la bride d'assemblage 18 par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité d'organes de fixation, non représentés, qui passent chacun au travers d'un orifice 21 ménagé en périphérie du couvercle 19 et d'un orifice 22 en regard ménagé en périphérie externe de la bride d'assemblage 18. Les organes de fixation sont par exemple chacun constitués d'un boulon comportant une tige filetée et un écrou coopérant avec ladite tige filetée. Le couvercle 19 présente sur sa face supérieure un organe d'accrochage 21 permettant sa manipulation au moyen d'un outil de manutention.The gas dome structure 1 also comprises a cover 19 which is fixed on said assembly flange 18 so as to close the longitudinal end upper portion 14 of the sealed pipe 10. An annular seal 20, shown in FIG. figure 2 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18. The cover 19 is removably attached to the upper longitudinal end 14. When the cover 19 is removed, it is thus possible to access the interior space 2 of the tank via the sealed pipe 10, for example to carry out maintenance operations and inspection of the tanks. The cover 19 is fixed to the assembly flange 18 via a plurality of fasteners, not shown, which each pass through an orifice 21 formed at the periphery of the cover 19 and an orifice 22 facing the outer periphery of the assembly flange 18. The fasteners are for example each consist of a bolt having a threaded rod and a nut cooperating with said threaded rod. The cover 19 has on its upper face a fastening member 21 for handling by means of a handling tool.

Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est comprimé entre le couvercle 19 et la bride d'assemblage 18 et permet ainsi d'assurer une étanchéité entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 peut être positionné sur un diamètre inférieur au diamètre d'implantation des organes de fixation, c'est-à-dire entre la portion interne de la bride d'assemblage 18 et le couvercle 19.The annular sealing gasket 20 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18 and thus ensures a seal between the outside and the inside of the sealed pipe 10. The annular seal 20 can be positioned on a diameter smaller than the implantation diameter of the fasteners, that is to say between the inner portion of the assembly flange 18 and the cover 19.

Dans le mode de réalisation présenté, le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 comporte un ou plusieurs oeillets qui sont ménagés dans des pattes 23 faisant saillie vers l'extérieur du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. Les oeillets sont chacun disposés en regard d'un orifice 21 ménagé dans le couvercle 19 et d'un orifice 22 ménagé dans la bride d'assemblage 18. Ainsi, chacun des oeillets est traversé par l'un des organes de fixation de manière à maintenir en position le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. De manière alternative, selon des variantes de réalisation non représentées, le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est placé dans un embrèvement ménagé dans le couvercle 19 ou dans la bride d'assemblage 18 afin de maintenir ledit joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 en position.In the embodiment shown, the annular seal 20 comprises one or more eyelets which are formed in lugs 23 projecting outwardly from the annular seal 20. The eyelets are each arranged opposite a orifice 21 formed in the cover 19 and an orifice 22 formed in the assembly flange 18. Thus, each of the eyelets is traversed by one of the fasteners so as to maintain in position the annular sealing gasket 20 Alternatively, according to alternative embodiments not shown, the annular seal 20 is placed in a recess in the cover 19 or in the assembly flange 18 to maintain said annular seal 20 in position .

Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est réalisé en polymère, tel que le Polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), le butadiène acrylonitrile (NBR) renforcé par des fibres de verre et/ou d'aramide et/ou de carbone. Le joint d'étanchéité peut être plat ou torique.The annular seal 20 is made of polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) reinforced with glass fibers and / or aramid and / or carbon. The seal may be flat or O-ring.

Par ailleurs, la conduite étanche 10 et plus particulièrement le fût extérieur 11 de la conduite étanche 10 présente un épaulement 24. L'épaulement 24 est disposé dans une zone située longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte 25 et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. L'épaulement est obtenu par un changement de diamètre du fût extérieur 11 entre une partie supérieure 26 et une partie inférieure 27 du fût extérieur 11. La partie supérieure 26 du fût extérieur 11 présente un diamètre supérieur à celui de la partie inférieure 27 du fut extérieur 11, ce qui permet de ménager, à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, un plateau de support 29, de forme annulaire, qui s'étend transversalement entre la partie supérieure 26 du fût extérieur 11 et la partie inférieure 27 du fût extérieur 11. Le plateau de support 29 est renforcé mécaniquement par la présence de goussets placés à l'extérieur de la conduite étanche 10 et reliant la surface inférieure du plateau de support à la surface externe du fût extérieur 11. Le plateau de support 29 permet de supporter un tampon isolant 30. Le tampon isolant 30 vise à boucher la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Le tampon isolant 30 présente une surface inférieure 31 en regard du plateau de support 29. Le tampon isolant 30 et le plateau de support 29 coopèrent l'un avec l'autre, continument, sur toute la périphérie du tampon isolant 30. Ainsi, un tel agencement permet de limiter la convection forcée entre, d'une part, l'espace inférieur de la conduite étanche 10 qui est disposé en-dessous du plateau de support 29, et, d'autre part, l'espace supérieur de la conduite étanche 10 qui est disposé au-dessus du plateau de support 29.Furthermore, the sealed pipe 10 and more particularly the outer shaft 11 of the sealed pipe 10 has a shoulder 24. The shoulder 24 is disposed in an area located longitudinally between the collection zone 25 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed duct 10. The shoulder is obtained by a change in diameter of the outer barrel 11 between an upper portion 26 and a lower portion 27 of the outer barrel 11. The upper portion 26 of the outer barrel 11 has a diameter greater than that of the portion bottom 27 of the outside 11, which allows to provide, inside the sealed pipe 10, a support plate 29, of annular shape, which extends transversely between the upper portion 26 of the outer shaft 11 and the portion lower 27 outer drum 11. The support plate 29 is mechanically reinforced by the presence of gussets placed outside the sealed pipe 1 0 and connecting the lower surface of the support plate to the outer surface of the outer drum 11. The support plate 29 can support an insulating pad 30. The insulating pad 30 is intended to plug the upper portion of the inside of the sealed pipe 10. The insulating pad 30 has a lower surface 31 opposite the support plate 29. The insulating pad 30 and the support plate 29 cooperate with one another, continuously, over the entire periphery of the insulating pad 30. Thus such an arrangement makes it possible to limit the forced convection between, on the one hand, the lower space of the sealed pipe 10 which is arranged below the support plate 29, and, on the other hand, the upper space of the the sealed pipe 10 which is disposed above the support plate 29.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, le tampon isolant 30 comporte un corps isolant 32 et une base 33. La base 33 comporte un disque rigide, par exemple en acier inoxydable, contre lequel repose le corps isolant 32. La base comporte également une ou plusieurs poignées 34 de préhension qui font saillie, vers le haut, en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche 10. Les poignées 34 passent chacun au travers d'un trou 35 respectif ménagé dans le corps isolant 32. Ainsi, de telles poignées 34 facilitent la préhension et la manutention du tampon isolant 30.In the embodiment shown on the figure 2 , the insulating pad 30 comprises an insulating body 32 and a base 33. The base 33 comprises a rigid disc, for example made of stainless steel, against which the insulating body 32 rests. The base also comprises one or more grip handles 34 which make protruding upward towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe 10. The handles 34 each pass through a respective hole 35 formed in the insulating body 32. Thus, such handles 34 facilitate the gripping and the handling of the insulating pad 30.

Le corps isolant 32 est représenté en écorché sur la figure 3. Le corps isolant 32 comporte une couche de mousse polymère isolante 36 prise en sandwich entre une plaque supérieure 37 et une plaque inférieure 38. Les plaques, supérieure 37 et inférieure 38, sont, par exemple, des plaques de bois contreplaqué collées sur ladite couche de mousse polymère isolante 36. De telles plaques de bois contreplaqué sont avantageuses en ce qu'elles permettent de rigidifier le corps isolant tout en contribuant à son caractère thermiquement isolant. La couche de mousse polymère isolante 36 peut notamment comprendre une mousse à base de polyuréthane, optionnellement renforcée par des fibres de verre. A titre d'exemple, le corps isolant présente une épaisseur supérieure à 70 mm, par exemple de l'ordre de 150 mm.The insulating body 32 is shown cutaway on the figure 3 . The insulating body 32 has an insulating polymeric foam layer 36 sandwiched between an upper plate 37 and a lower plate 38. The plates, upper 37 and lower 38, are, for example, plywood boards glued to said layer of insulating polymer foam 36. Such plywood boards are advantageous in that they make it possible to stiffen the insulating body while contributing to its thermally insulating nature. The insulating polymeric foam layer 36 may in particular comprise a polyurethane foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers. By way of example, the insulating body has a thickness greater than 70 mm, for example of the order of 150 mm.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le tampon isolant 30 est fixé au plateau de support 29. Ceci permet de garantir que le tampon isolant 30 reste positionné contre le plateau de support 29 et contribue à limiter, voire à supprimer, la convection thermique forcée entre le plateau de support 29 et le tampon isolant 30. Pour ce faire, le plateau de support 29 est équipé d'une pluralité de goujons 39, représentés sur les figures 1 et 2, qui sont régulièrement répartis autour de la direction longitudinale de la conduite étanche 10. Les goujons 39 font saillie vers le haut en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. Chacun des goujons 39 passe au travers d'orifices 40, 41 débouchants ménagés dans la base 33 et dans le corps isolant 32 du tampon isolant 30. En outre, chacun des goujons 32 comporte une extrémité filetée qui coopère avec un écrou de manière à fixer le tampon isolant 30 au plateau de support 29.In the embodiment shown, the insulating pad 30 is fixed to the support plate 29. This makes it possible to guarantee that the insulating pad 30 remains positioned against the support plate 29 and contributes to limiting or even eliminating the forced thermal convection between the support plate 29 and the insulating pad 30. To do this, the support plate 29 is equipped with a plurality of studs 39, shown in FIGS. figures 1 and 2 , which are regularly distributed around the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe 10. The studs 39 project upwards towards the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10. Each of the studs 39 passes through orifices 40 41 In addition, each of the studs 32 has a threaded end which cooperates with a nut so as to fix the insulating pad 30 to the support plate 29.

Notons que les orifices 40, 41 sont également avantageux en ce qu'ils permettent un équilibrage des pressions entre la partie supérieure de l'espace intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, située au-dessus du plateau de support 29, et la partie inférieure de l'espace intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, située en-dessous du plateau de support 29.Note that the orifices 40, 41 are also advantageous in that they allow a balancing of the pressures between the upper part of the internal space of the sealed pipe 10, situated above the support plate 29, and the lower part of the the interior space of the sealed pipe 10, located below the support plate 29.

Il a été constaté que la présence d'un tampon isolant 30 reposant contre le plateau de support 29, tel que décrit ci-dessus, permet d'augmenter sensiblement la température minimale auquel est susceptible d'être soumis le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, pour une structure de dôme gaz 1 équipant une cuve dans laquelle du gaz naturel liquéfié est stocké à une température de l'ordre de -162°C, l'agencement décrit ci-dessus est en mesure de garantir que la température du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 ne descende pas en-dessous de - 50°C, alors que la température du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 d'une structure de dôme gaz 1 selon l'état de la technique est susceptible de descendre en dessous de -80°C.It has been found that the presence of an insulating pad 30 resting against the support plate 29, as described above, makes it possible to increase substantially the minimum temperature which the annular seal 20 may be subjected to. Thus, by way of example, for a gas dome structure 1 equipping a tank in which liquefied natural gas is stored at a temperature of the order of -162 ° C., the arrangement described above is capable of to ensure that the temperature of the annular seal 20 does not fall below -50 ° C, while the temperature of the annular seal 20 of a gas dome structure 1 according to the state of the art is likely to fall below -80 ° C.

Dans un mode de réalisation non représenté, la base 33 est une structure rigide constituée de barres métalliques mécano-soudées.In an embodiment not shown, the base 33 is a rigid structure consisting of welded metal bars.

Dans un mode de réalisation non représenté, la base 33 et le corps isolant 32 ne sont pas solidaires. Dans ce cas, le corps isolant 32 comporte sur sa face supérieure tournée vers le couvercle 19 des moyens de préhension comme des poignées afin de pouvoir le retirer. Le corps isolant 32 ne comporte alors pas de trous 35 permettant le passage de poignées ni d'orifices 41 débouchants comme dans le mode de réalisation décrit en relation avec les figures 1 à 3. Dans un tel mode de réalisation, la base 33 peut être fixée au plateau de support 29. Pour ce faire, le base 33 présente alors des orifices permettant le passage de goujons qui sont soudés au plateau de support 29. Selon une autre variante de réalisation, la base 33 n'est pas fixée au plateau de support 29.In an embodiment not shown, the base 33 and the insulating body 32 are not integral. In this case, the insulating body 32 has on its upper face facing the cover 19 gripping means such as handles in order to remove it. The insulating body 32 then does not have holes 35 allowing the passage of handles or openings 41 opening as in the embodiment described in connection with the Figures 1 to 3 . In such an embodiment, the base 33 can be fixed to the support plate 29. To do this, the base 33 then has holes allowing the passage of studs which are welded to the support plate 29. According to another embodiment variant the base 33 is not fixed to the support plate 29.

La figure 4 illustre une structure de dôme gaz 101 selon un deuxième mode de réalisation. Les éléments identiques ou analogues aux éléments des figures 1 à 3, c'est-à-dire remplissant la même fonction, portent le même chiffre de référence augmenté de 100. Cette structure de dôme gaz 101 diffère de celle décrite précédemment en ce qu'elle est notamment susceptible d'être obtenue par adaptation d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique, c'est-à-dire telle que décrite dans le document KR20140088975 , par exemple. Pour adapter une structure de dôme gaz 1 selon l'état de la technique, l'on vient souder sur la pièce, référencée 129 sur la figure 3, qui est, originellement, une bride destinée à recevoir un couvercle, une pièce supplémentaire comportant, d'une part, une partie supérieure 126 cylindrique prolongeant la conduite étanche 10 initiale vers le haut et, d'autre part, une bride d'assemblage 118 qui fait saillie vers l'extérieur de la portion cylindrique 125. La partie supérieure 26 présente un diamètre supérieur à celui de la partie inférieure 127 d'origine. Dès lors, la structure du dôme gaz 101 ainsi modifiée présente un agencement équivalent à la structure de dôme gaz 1 décrite précédemment en relation avec les figures 1 à 3. En particulier, la pièce 129 forme le plateau de support contre lequel est fixé le tampon isolant 130. L'opération d'adaptation d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique est donc aisée à mettre en oeuvre.The figure 4 illustrates a gas dome structure 101 according to a second embodiment. Elements identical or similar to the elements of Figures 1 to 3 , that is to say fulfilling the same function, carry the same reference number increased by 100. This gas dome structure 101 differs from that described above in that it is particularly likely to be obtained by adaptation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art, that is to say as described in the document KR20140088975 , for example. To adapt a gas dome structure 1 according to the state of the art, it is welded on the part, referenced 129 on the figure 3 , which is originally a flange for receiving a lid, an additional piece comprising, on the one hand, a cylindrical upper portion 126 extending the upstream watertight pipe 10 upwards and, on the other hand, an assembly flange 118 which protrudes outwardly of the cylindrical portion 125. The upper portion 26 has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion 127 of origin. Therefore, the structure of the gas dome 101 thus modified has an equivalent arrangement to the gas dome structure 1 described above in connection with the Figures 1 to 3 . In particular, the piece 129 forms the support plate against which is fixed the insulating pad 130. The adaptation operation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art is therefore easy to implement.

Le tampon isolant 130 est susceptible de présenter une structure similaire au tampon isolant 30 décrit ci-dessus. Selon un mode de réalisation, des goujons 139 sont en outre soudés sur le plateau de support 129 et permettent ainsi de fixer le tampon isolant 130 sur le plateau de support 129 de manière similaire à ce qui a été décrit précédemment. Par ailleurs, la bride d'assemblage 118, le joint d'étanchéité et le couvercle 119 sont également similaires à ceux-décrits ci-dessus en relation avec le mode de réalisation précédent.The insulating pad 130 is likely to have a similar structure to the insulating pad 30 described above. According to one embodiment, studs 139 are furthermore welded to the support plate 129 and thus make it possible to fix the insulating pad 130 on the support plate 129 in a manner similar to that previously described. Furthermore, the assembly flange 118, the seal and the cover 119 are also similar to those described above in connection with the previous embodiment.

La figure 5 est une vue de dessus illustrant de manière schématique la forme d'un plateau de support 229 selon une variante de réalisation. On observe ainsi que le bord radialement interne du plateau de support 229 ne présente pas nécessairement une forme circulaire, telle qu'illustré par exemple sur la figure 2, et est susceptible de présenter d'autres formes, telle qu'une forme carrée.The figure 5 is a top view schematically illustrating the shape of a support plate 229 according to an alternative embodiment. It is thus observed that the radially inner edge of the support plate 229 does not necessarily have a circular shape, as illustrated for example on the figure 2 , and is likely to have other shapes, such as a square shape.

Il convient également d'observer que si, dans tous les modes de réalisation représentés, le plateau de support 29, 129, 229 s'étend dans un plan horizontal, il est également susceptible de présenter un autre agencement dans d'autres modes de réalisation. En particulier, dans un mode de réalisation non illustré, le plateau de support présente une forme tronconique dont l'axe de cône est confondu avec l'axe longitudinal de la conduite étanche 10, 110. Dans un tel cas, la surface inférieure du tampon isolant présente avantageusement une forme tronconique complémentaire.It should also be observed that if, in all the embodiments shown, the support plate 29, 129, 229 extends in a horizontal plane, it is also likely to have another arrangement in other embodiments. . In particular, in a non-illustrated embodiment, the support plate has a frustoconical shape whose cone axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the sealed pipe 10, 110. In such a case, the bottom surface of the buffer insulation advantageously has a complementary frustoconical shape.

La figure 6 illustre schématiquement la structure d'un dôme gaz 301 selon un autre mode de réalisation. Les éléments identiques ou analogues aux éléments des figures 1 à 3, c'est-à-dire remplissant la même fonction, portent le même chiffre de référence augmenté de 300. Ce mode de réalisation diffère des modes de réalisation décrits précédemment en ce que le plateau de support 329 n'est pas formé à la faveur d'un épaulement du fût extérieur 311. En effet, dans ce mode de réalisation, le plateau de support 329 est une pièce qui est soudée sur le fût intérieur 311, sur la partie supérieure 326 et/ou sur la partie inférieure 327 dudit fût intérieur 311 et qui fait saillie à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 310 par rapport à ladite partie supérieure 326 et à ladite partie inférieure 327.The figure 6 schematically illustrates the structure of a gas dome 301 according to another embodiment. Elements identical or similar to the elements of Figures 1 to 3 , that is to say fulfilling the same function, carry the same reference number increased by 300. This embodiment differs from the embodiments described above in that the support plate 329 is not formed in favor In this embodiment, the support plate 329 is a part which is welded to the inner shaft 311, to the upper part 326 and / or to the lower part 327 of said shaft. interior 311 and protruding inside the sealed conduit 310 with respect to said upper portion 326 and said lower portion 327.

Grâce à un tel agencement, le diamètre de la partie supérieure 326 de la conduite étanche 310 est susceptible d'être inférieur, comme représenté sur la figure 6, ou égal au diamètre de la partie inférieure 327, selon une autre variante de réalisation.With such an arrangement, the diameter of the upper portion 326 of the sealed conduit 310 is likely to be smaller, as shown in FIG. figure 6 , or equal to the diameter of the lower part 327, according to another variant embodiment.

Une telle structure de dôme gaz 301 est également susceptible d'être obtenue par adaptation d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Dans ce cas, la partie inférieure 327 de la conduite étanche 310 correspond à la conduite étanche d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Aussi, afin d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz selon l'invention, l'on vient rapporter la partie supérieure 326 équipée de la bride d'assemblage 318 sur la structure de dôme gaz d'origine. Selon un mode de réalisation, non illustré la partie supérieure 326 présente un diamètre égal à celui de la partie inférieur et la partie supérieure est soudée sur la pièce, référencé 343, qui servait à l'origine, c'est-à-dire avant la modification de structure, de bride destinée à recevoir le couvercle. Ceci permet d'utiliser un couvercle 319 ayant le même diamètre que le couvercle d'origine et permet donc de réutiliser le couvercle 319 d'origine dans le cas où l'on adapte une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique.Such a gas dome structure 301 is also likely to be obtained by adaptation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. In this case, the lower part 327 of the sealed pipe 310 corresponds to the sealed conduit of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. Also, in order to obtain a gas dome structure according to the invention, it is reported that the upper portion 326 equipped with the assembly flange 318 on the original gas dome structure. According to one embodiment, not shown, the upper part 326 has a diameter equal to that of the lower part and the upper part is welded to the part, referenced 343, which was used originally, that is to say before the modification of structure, flange for receiving the lid. This makes it possible to use a cover 319 having the same diameter as the original cover and thus makes it possible to reuse the original cover 319 in the case where a gas dome structure is adapted according to the state of the art.

La technique décrite ci-dessus pour réaliser une structure de dôme gaz peut être utilisée dans différents types de cuves à membranes, dans une installation terrestre ou dans un ouvrage flottant comme un navire méthanier ou autre.The technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in various types of membrane tanks, in a land installation or in a floating structure such as a LNG tank or other.

En référence à la figure 7, une vue écorchée d'un navire méthanier 70 montre une cuve étanche et isolée 71 de forme générale prismatique montée dans la double coque 72 du navire. La paroi de la cuve 71 comporte une barrière étanche primaire destinée à être en contact avec le GNL contenu dans la cuve, une barrière étanche secondaire agencée entre la barrière étanche primaire et la double coque 72 du navire, et deux barrières isolante agencées respectivement entre la barrière étanche primaire et la barrière étanche secondaire et entre la barrière étanche secondaire et la double coque 72.With reference to the figure 7 , a cutaway view of a LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.

De manière connue en soi, des canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73 disposées sur le pont supérieur du navire peuvent être raccordées, au moyen de connecteurs appropriées, à un terminal maritime ou portuaire pour transférer une cargaison de GNL depuis ou vers la cuve 71.In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.

La figure 7 représente un exemple de terminal maritime comportant un poste de chargement et de déchargement 75, une conduite sous-marine 76 et une installation à terre 77. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75 est une installation fixe off-shore comportant un bras mobile 74 et une tour 78 qui supporte le bras mobile 74. Le bras mobile 74 porte un faisceau de tuyaux flexibles isolés 79 pouvant se connecter aux canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73. Le bras mobile 74 orientable s'adapte à tous les gabarits de méthaniers. Une conduite de liaison non représentée s'étend à l'intérieur de la tour 78. Le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75 permet le chargement et le déchargement du méthanier 70 depuis ou vers l'installation à terre 77. Celle-ci comporte des cuves de stockage de gaz liquéfié 80 et des conduites de liaison 81 reliées par la conduite sous-marine 76 au poste de chargement ou de déchargement 75. La conduite sous-marine 76 permet le transfert du gaz liquéfié entre le poste de chargement ou de déchargement 75 et l'installation à terre 77 sur une grande distance, par exemple 5 km, ce qui permet de garder le navire méthanier 70 à grande distance de la côte pendant les opérations de chargement et de déchargement.The figure 7 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74. The movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges LNG carriers. A link pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78. The loading station and unloading 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the onshore installation 77. This includes liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the station 75. The underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG tank 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.

Pour engendrer la pression nécessaire au transfert du gaz liquéfié, on met en oeuvre des pompes embarquées dans le navire 70 et/ou des pompes équipant l'installation à terre 77 et/ou des pompes équipant le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75.In order to generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention.Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention.

L'usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n'exclut pas la présence d'autres éléments ou d'autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication.The use of the verb "to include", "to understand" or "to include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps other than those set out in a claim.

Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses can not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

Claims (19)

Dispositif de stockage de fluide comportant une coque et une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante disposée dans la coque (4, 5) ; la cuve présentant un espace intérieur (2) destiné au stockage du fluide et comportant une paroi de plafond comportant : - une barrière thermiquement isolante (6) reposant contre la coque (4, 5) ; et - une membrane d'étanchéité (9) destinée à être en contact avec le fluide contenu dans la cuve ; le dispositif de stockage comportant une structure de dôme gaz (1, 101, 301) comportant : - une conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) présentant une extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) équipée d'une bride d'assemblage (18, 118, 318) et une extrémité longitudinale inférieure (15) traversant la barrière thermiquement isolante (6) et la membrane d'étanchéité (9) de la paroi de plafond de manière à définir une voie de circulation entre l'espace intérieur (2) de la cuve et au moins un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve ;. - un couvercle (19, 119, 319) qui est fixé à ladite bride d'assemblage (18, 118, 318) par des organes de fixation pour fermer l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) ; - un joint annulaire d'étanchéité (20) qui est comprimé entre le couvercle (19, 119, 319) et la bride d'assemblage (18, 118, 318) ; - un conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17, 117) qui traverse de manière étanche une paroi de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) de manière à déboucher à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) dans une zone de collecte (25, 125, 325), ledit conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17, 117) étant ainsi apte à conduire de la vapeur entre la zone de collecte (25, 125, 325) et le collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve ; - la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) comportant un plateau de support (29, 129, 329) qui s'étend transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310), et est situé longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte (25, 125, 325) et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310); le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) délimitant, d'une part, une portion inférieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) qui est située en dessous du plateau de support (29, 129, 329) et, d'autre part, une portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) qui est située au-dessus du plateau de support (29, 129, 329) ; - un tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) qui bouche la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310), ledit tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) comportant une surface supérieure et une surface inférieure (31) qui sont respectivement en regard du couvercle (19, 119, 319) et du plateau de support (29, 129, 329) ; le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) supportant le tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) et coopérant avec la surface inférieure du tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) sur toute la périphérie de ladite surface inférieure (31) de manière à former une barrière limitant un phénomène de convection thermique entre la portion inférieure et la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310).Fluid storage device comprising a shell and a sealed and thermally insulating vessel disposed in the shell (4, 5); the tank having an interior space (2) for storing the fluid and having a ceiling wall comprising: - a thermally insulating barrier (6) resting against the shell (4, 5); and - A sealing membrane (9) intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the vessel; the storage device having a gas dome structure (1, 101, 301) comprising: - a sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) having an upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) equipped with an assembly flange (18, 118, 318) and a lower longitudinal end (15) crossing the heat barrier insulation (6) and the sealing membrane (9) of the ceiling wall so as to define a circulation path between the interior space (2) of the tank and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the tank ;. a cover (19, 119, 319) which is fastened to said assembly flange (18, 118, 318) by fasteners for closing the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe ( 10, 110, 310); - an annular seal (20) which is compressed between the cover (19, 119, 319) and the assembly flange (18, 118, 318); - a vapor collection duct (3, 17, 117) which sealingly crosses a wall of the sealed duct (10, 110, 310) so as to open into the sealed duct (10, 110, 310); ) in a collection zone (25, 125, 325), said vapor collection duct (3, 17, 117) thus being able to conduct steam between the collection zone (25, 125, 325) and the collector steam disposed outside the vessel; - the sealed conduit (10, 110, 310) having a carrier plate (29, 129, 329) extending transversely inwardly of the sealed conduit (10, 110, 310), and is located longitudinally between the collection zone (25, 125, 325) and the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310); the support plate (29, 129, 329) delimiting, on the one hand, a lower portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) which is located below the support plate (29, 129, 329) and, on the other hand, an upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) which is located above the support plate (29, 129, 329); an insulating pad (30, 130, 330) which blocks the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310), said insulating pad (30, 130, 330) having an upper surface and a lower surface (31) respectively facing the cover (19, 119, 319) and the support plate (29, 129, 329); the support plate (29, 129, 329) supporting the insulating pad (30, 130, 330) and cooperating with the lower surface of the insulating pad (30, 130, 330) over the entire periphery of said lower surface (31) of in order to form a barrier limiting a thermal convection phenomenon between the lower portion and the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) comporte un corps isolant (32) et une base (33) qui est interposée entre le corps isolant (32) et le plateau de support (29, 129, 329).A fluid storage device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating pad (30, 130, 330) comprises an insulating body (32) and a base (33) interposed between the insulating body (32) and the support plate (29, 129, 329). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la base (33) est équipée d'un organe de préhension (34) faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) au travers d'un trou (35) ménagé dans le corps isolant (32).Fluid storage device according to claim 2, wherein the base (33) is equipped with a gripping member (34) projecting towards the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the watertight pipe ( 10, 110, 310) through a hole (35) in the insulating body (32). Dispositif de stockage de fluide, dans lequel le tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) comporte un corps isolant (32) comprenant une plaque supérieure (37), une plaque inférieure (38) et une couche de mousse polymère isolante prise en sandwich entre la plaque inférieure (38) et la plaque supérieure (37).A fluid storage device, wherein the insulating pad (30, 130, 330) comprises an insulating body (32) comprising an upper plate (37), a lower plate (38) and an insulating polymeric foam layer sandwiched between the lower plate (38) and the upper plate (37). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) et le tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) sont fixés l'un à l'autre.A fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support plate (29, 129, 329) and the insulation pad (30, 130, 330) are attached to each other. Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le plateau de support (29, 129) est équipé d'une pluralité de goujons (39, 139) qui présentent chacun une extrémité filetée faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114) de la conduite étanche (10, 110) et traversant un orifice (40, 41) débouchant respectif ménagé dans le tampon isolant (30, 130), l'extrémité filetée de chacun desdits goujons coopérant avec un écrou de manière à fixer ledit tampon isolant (30, 130) au plateau de support (29, 129).A fluid storage device according to claim 5, wherein the support plate (29, 129) is equipped with a plurality of studs (39, 139) each having a threaded end projecting towards the upper longitudinal end. (14, 114) of the sealed conduit (10, 110) and passing through a respective through opening (40, 41) in the insulating pad (30, 130), the threaded end of each of said studs co-operating with a nut so as to attaching said insulating pad (30, 130) to the support plate (29, 129). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la conduite étanche (10, 110) comporte un épaulement (24) ménagé entre une partie inférieure (27, 127) et une partie supérieure (26, 126) de la conduite étanche (10, 110), ladite partie supérieure (26, 126) présentant un diamètre supérieur au diamètre de la partie inférieure (27, 127) et ledit épaulement (24) formant le plateau de support (29, 129).A fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sealed conduit (10,110) has a shoulder (24) between a lower portion (27,127) and an upper portion (26,126). ) of the sealed pipe (10, 110), said upper part (26, 126) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower part (27, 127) and said shoulder (24) forming the support plate (29, 129) . Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le plateau de support (329) délimite une partie supérieure (326) et une partie inférieure (327) de la conduite étanche (310) et fait saillie transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (310) par rapport auxdites parties supérieure(326) et inférieure (327) de la conduite étanche (310), la partie supérieure (326) de la conduite étanche (310) présentant un diamètre inférieur ou égal au diamètre de la partie inférieure (327) de la conduite étanche (310).A fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the support plate (329) delimits an upper portion (326) and a lower portion (327) of the watertight conduit (310) and protrudes transversely inwardly of the sealed conduit (310) with respect to said upper (326) and lower (327) portions of the sealed conduit (310), the upper portion (326) of the sealed conduit (310) having a smaller diameter or equal to the diameter of the lower part (327) of the sealed pipe (310). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) comporte un fût extérieur (11, 110, 310), un fût intérieur (12) qui passe au travers du fût extérieur (11, 110, 310) et un espace intermédiaire isolant (13) ménagé entre le fût extérieur (11, 110, 310) et le fût intérieur (12).A fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sealed conduit (10, 110, 310) has an outer barrel (11, 110, 310), an inner barrel (12) which passes through outer barrel (11, 110, 310) and an insulating intermediate space (13) between the outer barrel (11, 110, 310) and the inner barrel (12). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le fût intérieur (12) présente une extrémité supérieure qui est raccordée de manière étanche au fût extérieur (11, 110, 310) et qui est située dans une zone disposée longitudinalement entre le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) et l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure (15) de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310).A fluid storage device according to claim 9, wherein the inner shank (12) has an upper end which is sealingly connected to the outer shank (11, 110, 310) and which is located in an area disposed longitudinally between the tray (29, 129, 329) and the lower longitudinal end (15) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel le conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17) traverse de manière étanche une paroi du fût extérieur (11, 110, 310) dans une zone située longitudinalement entre le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) et l'extrémité supérieure du fut intérieur (12).A fluid storage device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the vapor collection conduit (3,17) sealingly traverses a wall of the outer drum (11,110,310) in an area lying longitudinally between the tray of support (29, 129, 329) and the upper end of the inner shaft (12). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel la bride d'assemblage (18,118, 318) fait saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) depuis l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) de ladite conduite étanche (10, 110,310).A fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the assembly flange (18,118,318) protrudes transversely outwardly of the sealed conduit (10,110,310) from the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of said sealed pipe (10, 110, 310). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel chaque organe de fixation comporte une vis filetée coopérant avec un écrou et passant au travers d'un orifice (21) ménagé dans le couvercle (19) et d'un orifice (22) ménagé dans la bride d'assemblage (18).Fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein each fastener comprises a threaded screw cooperating with a nut and passing through an orifice (21) formed in the cover (19) and an orifice (22) formed in the assembly flange (18). Dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, configuré sous la forme d'un navire.Fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, configured in the form of a ship. Procédé d'assemblage d'un dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, comportant: - assembler un ensemble comportant la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) et le conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17, 117) de telle sorte que : - la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) présente l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) équipée de la bride d'assemblage (18, 118, 318), l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure (15) traversant la barrière thermiquement isolante (6) et la membrane d'étanchéité (9) de la paroi de plafond de la cuve et le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) qui s'étend transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310), et est situé longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte (25, 125, 325) et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure (14, 114, 314) de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) ; et que - le conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17,117) traverse de manière étanche la paroi de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) et débouche à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) dans la zone de collecte (25, 125, 325), ; - disposer le tampon isolant (30, 130, 330) à l'intérieur de la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) en appui contre le plateau de support (29, 129, 329) ; - fixer le couvercle (19, 119, 319) à la bride d'assemblage (18, 118, 318) en comprimant le joint annulaire d'étanchéité (20) entre le couvercle et la bride d'assemblage. A method of assembling a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising: - assembling an assembly comprising the sealed conduit (10, 110, 310) and the vapor collection conduit (3, 17, 117) such that: the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) has the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) equipped with the assembly flange (18, 118, 318), the lower longitudinal end (15) crossing the barrier thermally insulating surface (6) and the sealing membrane (9) of the tank ceiling wall and the support plate (29, 129, 329) extending transversely inwardly of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310), and is located longitudinally between the collection zone (25, 125, 325) and the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310); and the vapor collection duct (3, 17, 117) passes in a sealed manner through the wall of the sealed duct (10, 110, 310) and opens into the sealed duct (10, 110, 310) in the duct zone. collection (25, 125, 325),; - arranging the insulating pad (30, 130, 330) inside the upper portion of the inside of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) bearing against the support plate (29, 129, 329); - Fix the cover (19, 119, 319) to the assembly flange (18, 118, 318) by compressing the annular seal (20) between the cover and the assembly flange. Procédé d'assemblage selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche (110) et le conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17) comporte : - fournir une partie inférieure (127) de la conduite étanche (110) et le plateau de support (129), le plateau de support (129) étant fixé à ladite partie inférieure (127) et faisant saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la partie inférieure (127); - fournir une partie supérieure (126) de la conduite étanche (110) équipée de la bride d'assemblage (118); la partie supérieure (126) présentant un diamètre supérieur à celui de la portion inférieure (127) - fixer de manière étanche la partie supérieure (126) sur le plateau de support (129). An assembly method according to claim 15, wherein the assembly of the assembly comprising the sealed pipe (110) and the vapor collection pipe (3, 17) comprises: - providing a lower portion (127) of the sealed pipe (110) and the support plate (129), the support plate (129) being attached to said lower portion (127) and projecting transversely outwardly of the lower portion (127); - providing an upper portion (126) of the sealed conduit (110) equipped with the assembly flange (118); the upper portion (126) having a diameter greater than that of the lower portion (127) - sealingly attach the upper part (126) to the support plate (129). Procédé d'assemblage selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche (10, 110, 310) et le conduit de collecte de vapeur (3, 17) comporte : - fournir une partie supérieure (326) de la conduite étanche (310), ladite partie supérieure (326) de la conduite étanche (310) étant équipée de la bride d'assemblage (318) ; - fournir une partie inférieure (327) de la conduite étanche (310), ladite partie inférieure (327) comportant une deuxième bride (343) faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur ; - fournir le plateau de support (329) ; - fixer le plateau de support (329) sur la partie inférieure (327) et/ou sur la partie supérieure (326) de la conduite étanche (310) ; et - fixer la partie supérieure (326) de la conduite étanche (310) à la partie inférieure (327) de la conduite étanche, coaxialement à celle-ci. Assembly method according to claim 15, wherein the assembly of the assembly comprising the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) and the vapor collection pipe (3, 17) comprises: providing an upper portion (326) of the sealed conduit (310), said upper portion (326) of the sealed conduit (310) being provided with the assembly flange (318); - providing a lower portion (327) of the sealed conduit (310), said lower portion (327) having a second flange (343) projecting radially outwardly; - providing the support plate (329); - fixing the support plate (329) on the lower part (327) and / or on the upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310); and - Fix the upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310) to the lower part (327) of the watertight pipe, coaxially with it. Procédé de chargement ou déchargement d'un dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées (73, 79, 76, 81) depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (77) vers ou depuis la cuve du dispositif de stockage de fluide.A method of loading or unloading a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a fluid is conveyed through insulated ducts (73, 79, 76, 81) to or from an installation of floating or terrestrial storage (77) to or from the tank of the fluid storage device. Système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant un dispositif de stockage de fluide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, des canalisations isolées (73, 79, 76, 81) agencées de manière à relier la cuve (71) à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre (77) et une pompe pour entrainer un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l'installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve.Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect the tank (71) to a floating or ground storage facility (77) and a drive pump a fluid through the isolated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the tank.
EP17209788.3A 2017-02-09 2017-12-21 Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel Active EP3361138B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1751087A FR3062703B1 (en) 2017-02-09 2017-02-09 GAS DOME STRUCTURE FOR A WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATION TANK

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JP (1) JP6545299B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102027672B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108413244B (en)
ES (1) ES2903004T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3062703B1 (en)
MY (1) MY188105A (en)
SG (1) SG10201800173XA (en)

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WO2020188195A3 (en) * 2019-03-15 2020-11-19 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Vessel wall comprising improved insulation around a bushing
EP4083494A1 (en) * 2021-04-29 2022-11-02 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Storage installation for liquefied gas
RU2789889C2 (en) * 2018-12-11 2023-02-14 Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз Support for attachment of motor to cover of loading and/or unloading tower of vessel tank

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20180092828A (en) 2018-08-20
FR3062703B1 (en) 2020-10-02
SG10201800173XA (en) 2018-09-27
CN108413244B (en) 2020-04-24
CN108413244A (en) 2018-08-17
ES2903004T3 (en) 2022-03-30
JP2018140769A (en) 2018-09-13
FR3062703A1 (en) 2018-08-10
MY188105A (en) 2021-11-19
JP6545299B2 (en) 2019-07-17
EP3361138B1 (en) 2021-11-17
KR102027672B1 (en) 2019-10-01

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