EP3361138B1 - Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel - Google Patents
Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3361138B1 EP3361138B1 EP17209788.3A EP17209788A EP3361138B1 EP 3361138 B1 EP3361138 B1 EP 3361138B1 EP 17209788 A EP17209788 A EP 17209788A EP 3361138 B1 EP3361138 B1 EP 3361138B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sealed pipe
- pipe
- carrier plate
- storage device
- sealed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000005921 Cynara humilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002228 Cynara humilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 wadding Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
- B63B73/49—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods by means of threaded members, e.g. screws, threaded bolts or nuts
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
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- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
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- F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0118—Offshore
- F17C2270/0123—Terminals
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid. Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at approximately -162 ° C.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a vapor circulation path between the interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the vessel.
- the document KR20140088975 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is housed inside a double hull of a ship and comprising a gas dome structure intended to define a vapor circulation path between the interior space of the tank and two collectors of steam placed outside the tank.
- the gas dome structure has a sealed and thermally insulated pipe which passes through the outer shell of the double shell.
- the sealed pipe comprises at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of a rim bent towards the outside and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a sealing gasket.
- the seal interposed between the removable cover and the assembly flange is directly in contact with the vapor phase residing in the inner barrel.
- the fluid stored in the vessel is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas
- the vapor is liable to exhibit low temperatures, down to approximately -160 ° C..
- the seal is liable to be subjected to relatively low temperatures and therefore to a large temperature amplitude, which eventually risks damaging it and causing leaks in the structure of the gasket. gas dome.
- the reliability of such a gas dome can therefore be improved.
- Patents are known in the state of the art FR 3019520 and FR2984454 filed in the name of the plaintiff.
- An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure comprising a sealed duct and a removable cover closing the upper end of the sealed pipe and in which the seal, at the junction between the sealed pipe and the removable cover, is ensured in a more reliable and durable way.
- the invention provides a fluid storage device according to claim 1.
- the minimum temperatures to which the seal is likely to be subjected are lower, which makes it possible to reduce the thermal amplitudes and thus to limit the degradation of the properties of the seal. over time.
- the service life of the seal will therefore be extended and the risks of leakage between the cover and the upper end of the sealed pipe are therefore reduced.
- such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following characteristics.
- the vapor collection duct passes through the wall of the sealed pipe perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe.
- the insulating pad comprises an insulating body and a base which is interposed between the insulating body and the support plate.
- the base is equipped with a gripping member projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe through a hole made in the insulating body.
- the insulating pad has a circular shape.
- the base comprises a rigid disc.
- the rigid disc is for example made of stainless steel.
- the gripping member is for example a handle passing through the insulating body.
- the insulating pad comprises an insulating body comprising an upper plate, a lower plate and a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the lower plate and the upper plate.
- the two upper and lower plates are made of plywood.
- the layer of insulating polymer foam comprises polyurethane.
- the support plate and the insulating pad are fixed to each other.
- the support plate is equipped with a plurality of studs which each have a threaded end projecting in the direction of the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe and passing through a respective through orifice formed in the insulating pad, the threaded end of each of said studs cooperating with a nut so as to fix said insulating pad to the support plate.
- the sealed pipe comprises a shoulder formed between a lower part and an upper part of the sealed pipe, said upper part having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower part and said shoulder forming the support plate.
- the support plate defines an upper part and a lower part of the sealed pipe and projects transversely towards the inside of the sealed pipe with respect to said upper and lower parts of the sealed pipe.
- the upper part of the sealed pipe has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the lower part of the sealed pipe.
- the sealed pipe comprises an exterior barrel, an interior barrel which passes through the exterior barrel and an insulating intermediate space formed between the exterior barrel and the interior barrel.
- the inner barrel has an upper longitudinal end which is connected in a sealed manner to the outer barrel and which is situated in a zone disposed longitudinally between the support plate and the lower longitudinal end of the sealed pipe.
- the vapor collection duct sealingly passes through a wall of the outer barrel in a zone situated longitudinally between the support plate and the upper end of the inner barrel.
- the vapor collection zone is delimited by the support plate and the upper end of the inner barrel.
- the gas dome structure comprises a first vapor collection duct which comprises a safety valve and leads to a first vapor collector which is connected to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a control device. propulsion of the vessel and / or to a liquefaction device and a second vapor collection duct which leads to a second vapor manifold connected to a manifold intended to be connected to a gas storage terminal during loading or unloading of the vessel.
- the assembly flange projects transversely towards the outside of the sealed pipe from the upper longitudinal end of said sealed pipe.
- the insulating pad has a thickness greater than 70 mm.
- each fixing member comprises a threaded screw cooperating with a nut and passing through an orifice made in the cover and an orifice made in the assembly flange.
- Such a fluid storage device can be part of a land-based storage installation, for example for storing LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep-water structure, in particular an ethane or LNG vessel, a floating storage unit and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating storage unit and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and remote storage
- the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
- the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a vessel.
- such an assembly method may include one or more of the following characteristics.
- the lower part of the sealed pipe and the support plate correspond respectively to a sealed pipe and to an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
- the lower part of the sealed pipe and the second flange correspond respectively to a sealed pipe and to an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
- the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a fluid storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the vessel's tank.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the fluid storage device. aforementioned, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank of the fluid storage device to a floating or terrestrial storage installation and a pump for driving a fluid through the isolated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the tank of the fluid storage device.
- a gas dome structure 1 for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), for example.
- LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
- LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
- the gas dome structure 1 defines a vapor circulation path between the interior space 2 of the vessel and one or more vapor collectors, not shown, which are located outside the vessel.
- the tank is placed inside the double hull of a ship.
- the double hull of the ship comprises an outer hull 4 and an inner hull 5.
- the inner hull 5 constitutes the supporting structure of the tank and has a general polyhedral shape.
- each wall of the tank comprises, in the thickness direction of said wall, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 resting against the internal shell 5, a waterproof secondary membrane 7, a primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and a waterproof primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank.
- the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 each consist of heat-insulating elements and more particularly of parallelepipedal heat-insulating boxes which are juxtaposed in a regular pattern.
- the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9 are each made up of a series of parallel Invar® strakes with folded edges, which are arranged alternately with elongated welding supports, also in Invar®.
- a sealed and thermally insulating tank having such a structure is described in the document FR2877638 .
- the gas dome structure comprises a sealed pipe 10 which passes through two openings formed respectively in the outer shell 4 and in the inner shell 5.
- the sealed pipe 10 extends in a longitudinal direction oriented orthogonally to the ceiling wall of the tank between an upper longitudinal end 14 and a lower longitudinal end 15 of said sealed pipe 10.
- the pipe waterproof 10 is sealed to the secondary 7 and primary 9 membranes.
- the sealed pipe 10 comprises an outer barrel 11, of cylindrical shape, which passes through the opening of the outer shell 4 and the opening of the inner shell 5.
- the outer barrel 11 is open at each of its two ends.
- the gas dome structure further comprises an interior barrel 12 fixed to the exterior barrel 11.
- the interior barrel 12 is formed of a cylindrical peripheral wall open at both ends.
- the inner barrel 12 is concentric with the outer barrel 11 and extends inside the latter.
- An insulating intermediate space 13 is provided between the outer barrel 11 and the interior barrel 12.
- the insulating intermediate space 13 is filled with an insulating lining which is distributed uniformly over the inner bearing surface of the outer barrel 11, between said outer barrel 11 and the inner drum 12.
- the insulating lining comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from among glass wool, rock wool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymer foams and aerogels.
- the insulating intermediate space 13 is placed in depression.
- the inner drum 12 and the outer drum 11 are connected to each other via an annular plate 16 extending horizontally between the inner drum 12 and the outer drum 11, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the inner 12 and outer 11 drums.
- the inner barrel 12 does not extend to the upper end of the outer barrel 11.
- an insulating lining 42 such as polyurethane foam for example, is distributed around the outer drum 11 in order to insulate the sealed pipe 10, above the upper end of the inner drum 12.
- the gas dome structure 1 comprises at least one vapor collection duct 3, 17 which passes in a sealed manner through the wall of the sealed duct 10 and opens into a collection zone 25, located inside the sealed duct 10.
- each vapor collection duct 3, 17 is able to conduct vapor between the collection zone 25 of the interior of the sealed duct 10 and a vapor collector arranged outside the sealed duct 10.
- the zone of collection 25 is located longitudinally between the upper end of the inner barrel 12 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
- the gas dome structure 1 comprises two vapor collection ducts 3, 17 which cross transversely and in a sealed manner the peripheral wall of the sealed duct 10.
- the vapor collection ducts 3, 17 only pass through the peripheral wall of the outer barrel 11 and thus open inside the sealed pipe 10, in the collection zone 25.
- the ends of the vapor collection ducts 3, 17 are flush with the wall of the outer barrel 11 and therefore do not protrude inside the sealed pipe 10.
- One of the vapor collection conduits 3 leads to a vapor collector, not shown, and is equipped with a safety valve.
- the safety valve is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase from the tank, when the vapor pressure in the tank is greater than a threshold pressure between 0 and 2 bars, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bars. Taking into account the pressure drops, the setting of the safety valve is slightly lower than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go.
- This steam collection duct 3 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims to control the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage it.
- This vapor collection duct 3 leads the vapor to a vapor collector which leads, for example, to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a propulsion device of the ship or to a liquefaction device in which the gas in vapor phase is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase.
- the other vapor collection duct 17 leads to a vapor collector which is connected to a manifold intended to be connected to a gas storage terminal during the loading or unloading of the tank.
- the steam collection duct 17 allows the circulation of steam during the tank loading and unloading operations. Indeed, during loading operations, when liquefied gas is transferred from a supply terminal to a vessel, gas in the gaseous phase is simultaneously transferred from the vessel to the terminal, through the gas dome structure and of the vapor collection duct 17, in order to maintain substantially constant the pressure in the gas overhead of the tank. Conversely, during unloading operations during which liquefied gas is transferred from the vessel to a terminal, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the terminal to the vessel in order to avoid a decrease in pressure in the vessel.
- the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10 is equipped with an assembly flange 18.
- the assembly flange 18 is annular in shape and extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe 10, c ' that is to say horizontally, towards the outside of said sealed pipe 10.
- the assembly flange 18 is welded to the upper end of the outer barrel 11.
- the gas dome structure 1 also comprises a cover 19 which is fixed to said assembly flange 18 so as to close the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
- An annular seal 20, shown in FIG. figure 2 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18.
- the cover 19 is removably attached to the upper longitudinal end 14. When the cover 19 is removed, it is thus possible to access the interior space 2 of the tank via the sealed pipe 10, for example with a view to carrying out maintenance and inspection operations on the tanks.
- the cover 19 is fixed to the assembly flange 18 by means of a plurality of fasteners, not shown, which each pass through an orifice 21 formed on the periphery of the cover 19 and an orifice 22 opposite formed at the outer periphery of the assembly flange 18.
- the fasteners are for example each made up of a bolt comprising a threaded rod and a nut cooperating with said threaded rod.
- the cover 19 has on its upper face a hooking member 21 allowing its handling by means of a
- the annular seal 20 is compressed between the cover 19 and the assembly flange 18 and thus ensures a seal between the outside and the inside of the sealed pipe 10.
- the annular seal 20 can be positioned on a diameter smaller than the implantation diameter of the organs of fixing, that is to say between the internal portion of the assembly flange 18 and the cover 19.
- the annular seal 20 comprises one or more eyelets which are formed in tabs 23 projecting outwardly from the annular seal 20.
- the eyelets are each disposed opposite a orifice 21 formed in the cover 19 and an orifice 22 formed in the assembly flange 18.
- each of the eyelets is traversed by one of the fixing members so as to hold the annular seal 20 in position.
- the annular seal 20 is placed in a recess formed in the cover 19 or in the assembly flange 18 in order to hold said annular seal 20 in position. .
- the annular seal 20 is made of a polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) reinforced with glass fibers and / or aramid and / or carbon.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- NBR butadiene acrylonitrile
- the seal can be flat or O-ring.
- the sealed pipe 10 and more particularly the outer barrel 11 of the sealed pipe 10 has a shoulder 24.
- the shoulder 24 is arranged in a zone situated longitudinally between the collection zone 25 and the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
- the shoulder is obtained by a change in diameter of the outer barrel 11 between an upper part 26 and a lower part 27 of the outer barrel 11.
- the upper part 26 of the outer barrel 11 has a diameter greater than that of the part.
- the support plate 29 is mechanically reinforced by the presence of gussets placed outside the sealed pipe 10 and connecting the lower surface of the plate.
- the support plate 29 makes it possible to support an insulating pad 30.
- the insulating pad 30 aims to block the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe 10.
- the insulating pad 30 has a surface lower 31 facing the support plate 29.
- the insulating pad 30 and the support plate 29 cooperate with each other, continuously, over the entire periphery of the insulating pad 30.
- the insulating pad 30 comprises an insulating body 32 and a base 33.
- the base 33 comprises a rigid disc, for example made of stainless steel, against which the insulating body 32 rests.
- the base also comprises one or more gripping handles 34 which make projection upwards towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe 10.
- the handles 34 each pass through a respective hole 35 made in the insulating body 32.
- Such handles 34 facilitate gripping and handling of the insulating pad 30.
- the insulating body 32 is shown cut away on the figure 3 .
- the insulating body 32 comprises a layer of insulating polymer foam 36 sandwiched between an upper plate 37 and a lower plate 38.
- the plates, upper 37 and lower 38, are, for example, plywood sheets bonded to said layer of plywood.
- insulating polymeric foam 36 Such plywood boards are advantageous in that they make it possible to stiffen the insulating body while contributing to its thermally insulating character.
- the layer of insulating polymer foam 36 may in particular comprise a polyurethane-based foam, optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
- the insulating body has a thickness greater than 70 mm, for example of the order of 150 mm.
- the insulating pad 30 is attached to the support plate 29. This ensures that the insulation pad 30 remains positioned against the support plate 29 and helps to limit, or even eliminate, forced thermal convection between. the support plate 29 and the insulating pad 30.
- the support plate 29 is equipped with a plurality of studs 39, shown in figures 1 and 2 , which are regularly distributed around the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe 10. The studs 39 project towards the up towards the upper longitudinal end 14 of the sealed pipe 10.
- Each of the studs 39 passes through openings 40, 41 formed in the base 33 and in the insulating body 32 of the insulating pad 30.
- each one studs 32 have a threaded end which cooperates with a nut so as to fix the insulating pad 30 to the support plate 29.
- the orifices 40, 41 are also advantageous in that they allow a pressure balancing between the upper part of the interior space of the sealed pipe 10, located above the support plate 29, and the lower part of the interior space of the sealed pipe 10, located below the support plate 29.
- the base 33 is a rigid structure made up of mechanically welded metal bars.
- the base 33 and the insulating body 32 are not integral.
- the insulating body 32 has on its upper face facing the cover 19 gripping means such as handles in order to be able to remove it.
- the insulating body 32 then does not include holes 35 allowing the passage of handles or openings 41 as in the embodiment described in relation to the figures 1 to 3 .
- the base 33 can be fixed to the support plate 29. To do this, the base 33 then has orifices allowing the passage of studs which are welded to the support plate 29. According to another variant embodiment , the base 33 is not fixed to the support plate 29.
- the figure 4 illustrates a gas dome structure 101 according to a second embodiment.
- This gas dome structure 101 differs from that described above in that it is in particular capable of being obtained by adaptation of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art, that is to say as described in the document KR20140088975 , for example.
- the insulating pad 130 may have a structure similar to the insulating pad 30 described above. According to one embodiment, studs 139 are further welded to the support plate 129 and thus make it possible to fix the insulating pad 130 on the support plate 129 in a manner similar to what has been described previously. Furthermore, the assembly flange 118, the gasket and the cover 119 are also similar to those described above in relation to the previous embodiment.
- the figure 5 is a top view schematically illustrating the shape of a support plate 229 according to an alternative embodiment. It is thus observed that the radially internal edge of the support plate 229 does not necessarily have a circular shape, as illustrated for example on the figure. figure 2 , and is likely to have other shapes, such as a square shape.
- the support plate 29, 129, 229 extends in a horizontal plane, it is also likely to have another arrangement in other embodiments.
- the support plate has a frustoconical shape, the conical axis of which coincides with the longitudinal axis of the sealed pipe 10, 110.
- the lower surface of the buffer insulation advantageously has a complementary frustoconical shape.
- the figure 6 schematically illustrates the structure of a gas dome 301 according to another embodiment.
- Elements identical or analogous to the elements of figures 1 to 3 that is to say fulfilling the same function, carry the same reference numeral increased by 300.
- This embodiment differs from the embodiments described previously in that the support plate 329 is not formed in favor. a shoulder of the outer barrel 311. Indeed, in this embodiment, the support plate 329 is a part which is welded to the inner barrel 311, to the upper part 326 and / or to the lower part 327 of said barrel interior 311 and which protrudes inside the sealed pipe 310 with respect to said upper part 326 and said lower part 327.
- the diameter of the upper part 326 of the sealed pipe 310 is likely to be smaller, as shown in FIG. figure 6 , or equal to the diameter of the lower part 327, according to another variant embodiment.
- Such a gas dome structure 301 can also be obtained by adapting a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
- the lower part 327 of the sealed pipe 310 corresponds to the sealed pipe of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art.
- the upper part 326 equipped with the assembly flange 318 is attached to the original gas dome structure.
- the upper part 326 has a diameter equal to that of the lower part and the upper part is welded to the part, referenced 343, which was originally used, that is to say before modification of the structure, of the flange intended to receive the cover. This allows the use of a 319 cover having the same diameter as the original cover and therefore makes it possible to reuse the original cover 319 in the event that a gas dome structure is adapted according to the state of the art.
- the technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in different types of membrane tanks, in an onshore installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG vessel or the like.
- a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
- the wall of the vessel 71 comprises a primary watertight barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary watertight barrier arranged between the primary watertight barrier and the double hull 72 of the vessel, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the vessel. primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double shell 72.
- loading / unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
- the figure 7 shows an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
- the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
- the movable arm 74 can be swiveled and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
- a connecting pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
- the latter comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
- the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
- pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
Description
L'invention se rapporte au domaine des cuves, étanches et thermiquement isolantes, pour le stockage et/ou le transport de fluide, tel qu'un fluide cryogénique. Des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes sont notamment employées pour le stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL), qui est stocké, à pression atmosphérique, à environ -162°C.The invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid. Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at approximately -162 ° C.
L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à une structure de dôme gaz qui est destinée à définir une voie de circulation de vapeur entre l'espace intérieur de la cuve et au moins un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la cuve.The invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a vapor circulation path between the interior space of the vessel and at least one vapor collector disposed outside the vessel.
Le document
La structure de dôme gaz comporte une conduite étanche et thermiquement isolée qui passe au travers de la coque externe de la double coque. La conduite étanche comporte au niveau de son extrémité supérieure une bride d'assemblage constituée d'un rebord replié vers l'extérieur et recevant un couvercle amovible avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité. Toutefois, le joint d'étanchéité interposé entre le couvercle amovible et la bride d'assemblage est directement en contact avec la phase vapeur séjournant dans le fût intérieur. Or, lorsque le fluide stocké dans la cuve est un fluide cryogénique, tel que du gaz liquéfié, la vapeur est susceptible de présenter de faibles températures, jusqu'à -160°C environ. Ainsi, le joint d'étanchéité est susceptible d'être soumis à des températures relativement basses et donc à une amplitude de température importante, ce qui risque, à terme, de l'endommager et d'occasionner des fuites au niveau de la structure de dôme gaz. La fiabilité d'un tel dôme gaz peut donc être améliorée.The gas dome structure has a sealed and thermally insulated pipe which passes through the outer shell of the double shell. The sealed pipe comprises at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of a rim bent towards the outside and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a sealing gasket. However, the seal interposed between the removable cover and the assembly flange is directly in contact with the vapor phase residing in the inner barrel. However, when the fluid stored in the vessel is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas, the vapor is liable to exhibit low temperatures, down to approximately -160 ° C.. Thus, the seal is liable to be subjected to relatively low temperatures and therefore to a large temperature amplitude, which eventually risks damaging it and causing leaks in the structure of the gasket. gas dome. The reliability of such a gas dome can therefore be improved.
On connaît dans l'état de la technique les brevets
Une idée à la base de l'invention est de proposer une structure de dôme gaz comportant un conduit étanche et un couvercle amovible fermant l'extrémité supérieure de la conduite étanche et dans laquelle l'étanchéité, à la jonction entre le conduit étanche et le couvercle amovible, est assurée de manière plus fiable et plus pérenne.An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure comprising a sealed duct and a removable cover closing the upper end of the sealed pipe and in which the seal, at the junction between the sealed pipe and the removable cover, is ensured in a more reliable and durable way.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit un dispositif de stockage de fluide conforme à la revendication 1.According to one embodiment, the invention provides a fluid storage device according to claim 1.
Ainsi, grâce à la présence du tampon isolant, les températures minimales auxquelles le joint d'étanchéité est susceptible d'être soumis sont moins basses, ce qui permet de réduire les amplitudes thermiques et ainsi de limiter la dégradation des propriétés du joint d'étanchéité au cours du temps. La durée de vie du joint sera donc rallongée et les risques de fuite entre le couvercle et l'extrémité supérieure de la conduite étanche sont donc moindres.Thus, thanks to the presence of the insulating pad, the minimum temperatures to which the seal is likely to be subjected are lower, which makes it possible to reduce the thermal amplitudes and thus to limit the degradation of the properties of the seal. over time. The service life of the seal will therefore be extended and the risks of leakage between the cover and the upper end of the sealed pipe are therefore reduced.
Selon des modes de réalisation, un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following characteristics.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse la paroi de la conduite étanche perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection duct passes through the wall of the sealed pipe perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sealed pipe.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant comporte un corps isolant et une base qui est interposée entre le corps isolant et le plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad comprises an insulating body and a base which is interposed between the insulating body and the support plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la base est équipée d'un organe de préhension faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche au travers d'un trou ménagé dans le corps isolant.According to one embodiment, the base is equipped with a gripping member projecting towards the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe through a hole made in the insulating body.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant présente une forme circulaire.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad has a circular shape.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la base comporte un disque rigide. Le disque rigide est par exemple en acier inoxydable.According to one embodiment, the base comprises a rigid disc. The rigid disc is for example made of stainless steel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'organe de préhension est par exemple une poignée passant au travers du corps isolant.According to one embodiment, the gripping member is for example a handle passing through the insulating body.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant comporte un corps isolant comprenant une plaque supérieure, une plaque inférieure et une couche de mousse polymère isolante prise en sandwich entre la plaque inférieure et la plaque supérieure.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad comprises an insulating body comprising an upper plate, a lower plate and a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the lower plate and the upper plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les deux plaques supérieure et inférieure sont en bois contreplaqué.According to one embodiment, the two upper and lower plates are made of plywood.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la couche de mousse polymère isolante comporte du polyuréthane.According to one embodiment, the layer of insulating polymer foam comprises polyurethane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support et le tampon isolant sont fixés l'un à l'autre.According to one embodiment, the support plate and the insulating pad are fixed to each other.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support est équipé d'une pluralité de goujons qui présentent chacun une extrémité filetée faisant saillie en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche et traversant un orifice débouchant respectif ménagé dans le tampon isolant, l'extrémité filetée de chacun desdits goujons coopérant avec un écrou de manière à fixer ledit tampon isolant au plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the support plate is equipped with a plurality of studs which each have a threaded end projecting in the direction of the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe and passing through a respective through orifice formed in the insulating pad, the threaded end of each of said studs cooperating with a nut so as to fix said insulating pad to the support plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la conduite étanche comporte un épaulement ménagé entre une partie inférieure et une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche, ladite partie supérieure présentant un diamètre supérieur au diamètre de la partie inférieure et ledit épaulement formant le plateau de support.According to one embodiment, the sealed pipe comprises a shoulder formed between a lower part and an upper part of the sealed pipe, said upper part having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower part and said shoulder forming the support plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le plateau de support délimite une partie supérieure et une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et fait saillie transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche par rapport auxdites parties supérieure et inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the support plate defines an upper part and a lower part of the sealed pipe and projects transversely towards the inside of the sealed pipe with respect to said upper and lower parts of the sealed pipe.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche présente un diamètre inférieur ou égal au diamètre de la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the upper part of the sealed pipe has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the lower part of the sealed pipe.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la conduite étanche comporte un fût extérieur, un fût intérieur qui passe au travers du fût extérieur et un espace intermédiaire isolant ménagé entre le fût extérieur et le fût intérieur.According to one embodiment, the sealed pipe comprises an exterior barrel, an interior barrel which passes through the exterior barrel and an insulating intermediate space formed between the exterior barrel and the interior barrel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le fût intérieur présente une extrémité longitudinale supérieure qui est raccordée de manière étanche au fût extérieur et qui est située dans une zone disposée longitudinalement entre le plateau de support et l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure de la conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the inner barrel has an upper longitudinal end which is connected in a sealed manner to the outer barrel and which is situated in a zone disposed longitudinally between the support plate and the lower longitudinal end of the sealed pipe.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse de manière étanche une paroi du fût extérieur dans une zone située longitudinalement entre le plateau de support et l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection duct sealingly passes through a wall of the outer barrel in a zone situated longitudinally between the support plate and the upper end of the inner barrel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la zone de collecte de vapeur est délimitée par le plateau de support et l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur.According to one embodiment, the vapor collection zone is delimited by the support plate and the upper end of the inner barrel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la structure de dôme gaz comporte un premier conduit de collecte de vapeur qui comporte une soupape de sureté et mène à un premier collecteur de vapeur qui est relié à un mât de dégazage, à un bruleur, à un dispositif de propulsion du navire et/ou à un dispositif de liquéfaction et un deuxième conduit de collecte de vapeur qui mène à deuxième collecteur de vapeur relié à un manifold destiné à être raccordé à un terminal de stockage de gaz lors du chargement ou déchargement de la cuve.According to one embodiment, the gas dome structure comprises a first vapor collection duct which comprises a safety valve and leads to a first vapor collector which is connected to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a control device. propulsion of the vessel and / or to a liquefaction device and a second vapor collection duct which leads to a second vapor manifold connected to a manifold intended to be connected to a gas storage terminal during loading or unloading of the vessel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la bride d'assemblage fait saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la conduite étanche depuis l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de ladite conduite étanche.According to one embodiment, the assembly flange projects transversely towards the outside of the sealed pipe from the upper longitudinal end of said sealed pipe.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le tampon isolant présente une épaisseur supérieure à 70 mm.According to one embodiment, the insulating pad has a thickness greater than 70 mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque organe de fixation comporte une vis filetée coopérant avec un écrou et passant au travers d'un orifice ménagé dans le couvercle et d'un orifice ménagé dans la bride d'assemblage.According to one embodiment, each fixing member comprises a threaded screw cooperating with a nut and passing through an orifice made in the cover and an orifice made in the assembly flange.
Un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide peut faire partie d'une installation de stockage terrestre, par exemple pour stocker du GNL ou être installée dans une structure flottante, côtière ou en eau profonde, notamment un navire éthanier ou méthanier, une unité flottante de stockage et de regazéification (FSRU), une unité flottante de production et de stockage déporté (FPSO) et autres. Dans le cas d'une structure flottante, la cuve peut être destinée à recevoir du gaz naturel liquéfié servant de carburant pour la propulsion de la structure flottante.Such a fluid storage device can be part of a land-based storage installation, for example for storing LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep-water structure, in particular an ethane or LNG vessel, a floating storage unit and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage (FPSO) and others. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de stockage de fluide est configuré sous la forme d'un navire.According to one embodiment, the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a vessel.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage du dispositif de stockage de fluide précité, le procédé comportant:
- assembler un ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur de telle sorte que :
- la conduite étanche présente l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure équipée de la bride d'assemblage, l'extrémité longitudinale inférieure traversant la barrière thermiquement isolante et la membrane d'étanchéité et le plateau de support qui s'étend transversalement vers l'intérieur de la conduite étanche, et est situé longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure de la conduite étanche ; et que
- le conduit de collecte de vapeur traverse de manière étanche la paroi de la conduite étanche et débouche à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche dans la zone de collecte ;
- disposer le tampon isolant à l'intérieur de la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche en appui contre le plateau de support ;
- fixer le couvercle à la bride d'assemblage en comprimant le joint annulaire d'étanchéité entre le couvercle et la bride d'assemblage.
- assemble an assembly comprising the sealed pipe and the vapor collection pipe such that:
- the sealed pipe has the upper longitudinal end fitted with the assembly flange, the lower longitudinal end passing through the thermally insulating barrier and the waterproofing membrane and the support plate which extends transversely towards the interior of the pipe sealed, and is located longitudinally between the collection zone and the upper longitudinal end of the sealed pipe; and
- the vapor collection duct sealingly passes through the wall of the sealed duct and opens out inside the sealed duct in the collection zone;
- placing the insulating pad inside the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe resting against the support plate;
- Secure the cover to the assembly flange by compressing the sealing ring between the cover and the assembly flange.
Selon des modes de réalisation, un tel procédé d'assemblage peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such an assembly method may include one or more of the following characteristics.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur comporte :
- fournir une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et le plateau de support, le plateau de support étant fixé à ladite partie inférieure et faisant saillie transversalement vers l'extérieur de la partie inférieure;
- fournir une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche équipée de la bride d'assemblage; la partie supérieure présentant un diamètre supérieur à celui de la portion inférieure ;
- fixer de manière étanche la partie supérieure sur le plateau de support.
- providing a lower part of the sealed pipe and the support plate, the support plate being fixed to said lower part and projecting transversely outwardly from the lower part;
- provide an upper part of the sealed pipe fitted with the assembly flange; the upper part having a diameter greater than that of the lower portion;
- tightly secure the upper part to the support plate.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et le plateau de support correspondent respectivement à une conduite étanche et à une bride d'assemblage d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Ainsi, un tel procédé d'assemblage permet d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz conforme à l'invention, simplement en rapportant la partie supérieure sur la structure de dôme gaz d'origine.According to one embodiment, the lower part of the sealed pipe and the support plate correspond respectively to a sealed pipe and to an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. Thus, such an assembly method makes it possible to obtain a gas dome structure in accordance with the invention, simply by attaching the upper part to the original gas dome structure.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'assemblage de l'ensemble comportant la conduite étanche et le conduit de collecte de vapeur comporte :
- fournir une partie supérieure de la conduite étanche ; ladite partie supérieure de la conduite étanche étant équipée de la bride d'assemblage ;
- fournir une partie inférieure de la conduite étanche, ladite partie inférieure comportant une deuxième bride faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur ;
- fournir le plateau de support ;
- fixer le plateau de support sur la partie inférieure et/ou sur la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche ; et
- fixer la partie supérieure de la conduite étanche à la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche coaxialement à celle-ci.
- providing an upper part of the sealed pipe; said upper part of the sealed pipe being equipped with the assembly flange;
- providing a lower portion of the sealed pipe, said lower portion including a second flange projecting radially outward;
- provide the support plate;
- fix the support plate on the lower part and / or on the upper part of the sealed pipe; and
- fix the upper part of the sealed pipe to the lower part of the sealed pipe coaxially therewith.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la partie inférieure de la conduite étanche et la deuxième bride correspondent respectivement à une conduite étanche et à une bride d'assemblage d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Ainsi, un tel mode d'assemblage permet de modifier une structure de dôme gaz existante en vue d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz conforme à l'invention tout en ayant la possibilité de conserver le couvercle d'origine.According to one embodiment, the lower part of the sealed pipe and the second flange correspond respectively to a sealed pipe and to an assembly flange of a gas dome structure according to the state of the art. Thus, such an assembly method makes it possible to modify an existing gas dome structure with a view to obtaining a gas dome structure in accordance with the invention while having the possibility of keeping the original cover.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un procédé de chargement ou déchargement d'un tel dispositif de stockage de fluide, dans lequel on achemine un fluide à travers des canalisations isolées depuis ou vers une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du navire.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a fluid storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the vessel's tank.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit aussi un système de transfert pour un fluide, le système comportant le dispositif de stockage de fluide précité, des canalisations isolées agencées de manière à relier la cuve du dispositif de stockage de fluide à une installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre et une pompe pour entraîner un fluide à travers les canalisations isolées depuis ou vers l'installation de stockage flottante ou terrestre vers ou depuis la cuve du dispositif de stockage de fluide.According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the fluid storage device. aforementioned, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank of the fluid storage device to a floating or terrestrial storage installation and a pump for driving a fluid through the isolated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the tank of the fluid storage device.
L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.
- La
figure 1 est une vue en coupe illustrant une structure de dôme gaz selon un premier mode de réalisation et notamment la zone externe du dôme gaz qui est située à l'extérieur de la double coque d'un navire, la zone interne du dôme gaz située à l'intérieur de la double coque du navire étant sommairement illustrée. - La
figure 2 est une vue éclatée, partiellement écorchée de la zone externe de la structure de dôme gaz de lafigure 1 . - La
figure 3 est une vue éclatée du tampon isolant destinée à boucher l'intérieur de la conduite étanche de la structure de dôme gaz desfigures 1 et 2 . - La
figure 4 est une vue en coupe illustrant la zone externe d'une structure de dôme gaz selon un deuxième mode de réalisation. - La
figure 5 est une vue schématique de dessus illustrant la géométrie d'un plateau de support, destiné à supporter un tampon d'étanchéité, selon une variante de réalisation. - La
figure 6 est une illustration schématique en coupe de la conduite étanche, du plateau de support et du tampon isolant d'une structure de dôme gaz selon un autre mode de réalisation. - La
figure 7 est une représentation schématique écorchée d'une cuve de navire méthanier comportant équipée d'une structure de dôme gaz et d'un terminal de chargement/déchargement de cette cuve.
- The
figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating a gas dome structure according to a first embodiment and in particular the external zone of the gas dome which is located outside the double hull of a ship, the internal zone of the gas dome located at the 'interior of the double hull of the ship being briefly illustrated. - The
figure 2 is an exploded view, partially cut away, of the outer area of the gas dome structure of thefigure 1 . - The
figure 3 is an exploded view of the insulating pad intended to seal the interior of the sealed pipe of the gas dome structure of thefigures 1 and2 . - The
figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating the external zone of a gas dome structure according to a second embodiment. - The
figure 5 is a schematic top view illustrating the geometry of a support plate, intended to support a sealing pad, according to an alternative embodiment. - The
figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic illustration of the sealed conduit, support plate, and insulating pad of a gas dome structure according to another embodiment. - The
figure 7 is a cut-away schematic representation of an LNG vessel tank comprising a gas dome structure and a loading / unloading terminal for this tank.
En relation avec la
La cuve est disposée à l'intérieur de la double coque d'un navire. La double coque du navire comporte une coque externe 4 et une coque interne 5. La coque interne 5 constitue la structure porteuse de la cuve et présente une forme générale polyédrique. Comme représenté sur la
Selon un mode de réalisation, la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 8 et la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 6 sont chacune constituées d'élément calorifuges et plus particulièrement de caissons calorifuges parallélépipédiques qui sont juxtaposés selon un motif régulier. En outre, les membranes, secondaire 7 et primaire 9, sont à chaque fois constituées d'une série de virures en Invar® parallèles à bords repliés, qui sont disposées alternativement avec des supports de soudure allongés, également en Invar®. A titre d'exemple, une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante présentant une telle structure est décrite dans le document
Comme représenté sur la
La conduite étanche 10 comporte un fût extérieur 11, de forme cylindrique, qui passe au travers de l'ouverture de la coque externe 4 et de l'ouverture de la coque interne 5. Le fût extérieur 11 est ouvert à chacune de ses deux extrémités. La structure de dôme gaz comporte en outre un fût intérieur 12 fixé au fût extérieur 11. Le fût intérieur 12 est formé d'une paroi périphérique cylindrique ouverte à ses deux extrémités. Le fût intérieur 12 est concentrique au fût extérieur 11 et s'étend à l'intérieur de celui-ci.The sealed
Un espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est ménagé entre le fût extérieur 11 et le fût intérieur 12. L'espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est rempli d'une garniture isolante qui est répartie uniformément sur la portée intérieure du fût extérieur 11, entre ledit fût extérieur 11 et le fût intérieur 12. La garniture isolante comporte un ou plusieurs matériaux isolants choisis parmi la laine de verre, la laine de roche, l'ouate, les matières fibreuses, la perlite, la perlite expansée, les mousses polymère et les aérogels. De manière alternative ou complémentaire, l'espace intermédiaire isolant 13 est placé en dépression.An insulating
Le fût intérieur 12 et le fût extérieur 11 sont raccordés l'un à l'autre via une platine annulaire 16 s'étendant horizontalement entre le fut intérieur 12 et le fût extérieur 11, transversalement à la direction longitudinale des fûts intérieur 12 et extérieur 11. Le fût intérieur 12 ne s'étend pas jusqu'à l'extrémité supérieure du fût extérieur 11.The
Par ailleurs, on observe également sur la
La structure de dôme gaz 1 comporte au moins un conduit de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 qui traverse de manière étanche la paroi de la conduite étanche 10 et débouche dans une zone de collecte 25, située à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Ainsi, chaque conduit de collecte de vapeur 3, 17 est apte à conduire de la vapeur entre la zone de collecte 25 de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10 et un collecteur de vapeur disposé à l'extérieur de la conduite étanche 10. La zone de collecte 25 est située longitudinalement entre l'extrémité supérieure du fût intérieur 12 et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur la
L'un des conduits de collecte de vapeur 3 mène vers un collecteur de vapeur, non représenté, et est équipé d'une soupape de sûreté. La soupape de sureté est tarée de manière à assurer une évacuation du gaz en phase vapeur, de la cuve, lorsque la pression de vapeur dans la cuve est supérieure à une pression seuil comprise entre 0 et 2 bars, par exemple comprise entre 0.2 et 0.4 bars. Compte-tenu des pertes de charges, le tarage de la soupape de sureté est légèrement inférieur à la pression seuil au-delà de laquelle la pression de vapeur dans la cuve ne doit pas aller. Ce conduit de collecte de vapeur 3 permet d'extraire de la vapeur de la cuve en cas de surpression et vise à contrôler la pression à l'intérieur de la cuve de manière à éviter les surpressions susceptibles de l'endommager. Ce conduit de collecte de vapeur 3 conduit la vapeur vers un collecteur de vapeur qui mène par exemple, vers un mât de dégazage, vers un bruleur, vers un dispositif de propulsion du navire ou vers un dispositif de liquéfaction dans lequel le gaz en phase vapeur est re-liquéfié puis réintroduit dans la cuve en phase liquide.One of the vapor collection conduits 3 leads to a vapor collector, not shown, and is equipped with a safety valve. The safety valve is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase from the tank, when the vapor pressure in the tank is greater than a threshold pressure between 0 and 2 bars, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bars. Taking into account the pressure drops, the setting of the safety valve is slightly lower than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go. This steam collection duct 3 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims to control the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage it. This vapor collection duct 3 leads the vapor to a vapor collector which leads, for example, to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a propulsion device of the ship or to a liquefaction device in which the gas in vapor phase is re-liquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase.
L'autre conduit de collecte de vapeur 17 mène vers un collecteur de vapeur qui est relié à un manifold destiné à être raccordé à un terminal de stockage de gaz lors du chargement ou déchargement de la cuve. Ainsi, le conduit de collecte de vapeur 17 permet la circulation de vapeur lors des opérations de chargement et de déchargement de la cuve. En effet, pendant des opérations de chargement, lorsque du gaz liquéfié est transféré d'un terminal d'approvisionnement vers une cuve, du gaz en phase gazeuse est simultanément transféré de la cuve vers le terminal, au travers de la structure de dôme gaz et du conduit de collecte de vapeur 17, afin de maintenir sensiblement constante la pression régnant dans le ciel gazeux de la cuve. A l'inverse, pendant les opérations de déchargement au cours desquelles du gaz liquéfié est transféré de la cuve vers un terminal, du gaz en phase gazeuse est simultanément transféré du terminal vers la cuve afin d'éviter une diminution de pression dans la cuve.The other
Par ailleurs, comme représenté de manière plus détaillée sur la
La structure de dôme gaz 1 comporte également un couvercle 19 qui est fixé sur ladite bride d'assemblage 18 de manière à fermer l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. Un joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20, représenté sur la
Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est comprimé entre le couvercle 19 et la bride d'assemblage 18 et permet ainsi d'assurer une étanchéité entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 peut être positionné sur un diamètre inférieur au diamètre d'implantation des organes de fixation, c'est-à-dire entre la portion interne de la bride d'assemblage 18 et le couvercle 19.The
Dans le mode de réalisation présenté, le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 comporte un ou plusieurs œillets qui sont ménagés dans des pattes 23 faisant saillie vers l'extérieur du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. Les œillets sont chacun disposés en regard d'un orifice 21 ménagé dans le couvercle 19 et d'un orifice 22 ménagé dans la bride d'assemblage 18. Ainsi, chacun des œillets est traversé par l'un des organes de fixation de manière à maintenir en position le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. De manière alternative, selon des variantes de réalisation non représentées, le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est placé dans un embrèvement ménagé dans le couvercle 19 ou dans la bride d'assemblage 18 afin de maintenir ledit joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 en position.In the embodiment shown, the
Le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 est réalisé en polymère, tel que le Polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), le butadiène acrylonitrile (NBR) renforcé par des fibres de verre et/ou d'aramide et/ou de carbone. Le joint d'étanchéité peut être plat ou torique.The
Par ailleurs, la conduite étanche 10 et plus particulièrement le fût extérieur 11 de la conduite étanche 10 présente un épaulement 24. L'épaulement 24 est disposé dans une zone située longitudinalement entre la zone de collecte 25 et l'extrémité longitudinale supérieure 14 de la conduite étanche 10. L'épaulement est obtenu par un changement de diamètre du fût extérieur 11 entre une partie supérieure 26 et une partie inférieure 27 du fût extérieur 11. La partie supérieure 26 du fût extérieur 11 présente un diamètre supérieur à celui de la partie inférieure 27 du fut extérieur 11, ce qui permet de ménager, à l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, un plateau de support 29, de forme annulaire, qui s'étend transversalement entre la partie supérieure 26 du fût extérieur 11 et la partie inférieure 27 du fût extérieur 11. Le plateau de support 29 est renforcé mécaniquement par la présence de goussets placés à l'extérieur de la conduite étanche 10 et reliant la surface inférieure du plateau de support à la surface externe du fût extérieur 11. Le plateau de support 29 permet de supporter un tampon isolant 30. Le tampon isolant 30 vise à boucher la portion supérieure de l'intérieur de la conduite étanche 10. Le tampon isolant 30 présente une surface inférieure 31 en regard du plateau de support 29. Le tampon isolant 30 et le plateau de support 29 coopèrent l'un avec l'autre, continûment, sur toute la périphérie du tampon isolant 30. Ainsi, un tel agencement permet de limiter la convection forcée entre, d'une part, l'espace inférieur de la conduite étanche 10 qui est disposé en-dessous du plateau de support 29, et, d'autre part, l'espace supérieur de la conduite étanche 10 qui est disposé au-dessus du plateau de support 29.Furthermore, the sealed
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la
Le corps isolant 32 est représenté en écorché sur la
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le tampon isolant 30 est fixé au plateau de support 29. Ceci permet de garantir que le tampon isolant 30 reste positionné contre le plateau de support 29 et contribue à limiter, voire à supprimer, la convection thermique forcée entre le plateau de support 29 et le tampon isolant 30. Pour ce faire, le plateau de support 29 est équipé d'une pluralité de goujons 39, représentés sur les
Notons que les orifices 40, 41 sont également avantageux en ce qu'ils permettent un équilibrage des pressions entre la partie supérieure de l'espace intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, située au-dessus du plateau de support 29, et la partie inférieure de l'espace intérieur de la conduite étanche 10, située en-dessous du plateau de support 29.Note that the
Il a été constaté que la présence d'un tampon isolant 30 reposant contre le plateau de support 29, tel que décrit ci-dessus, permet d'augmenter sensiblement la température minimale auquel est susceptible d'être soumis le joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, pour une structure de dôme gaz 1 équipant une cuve dans laquelle du gaz naturel liquéfié est stocké à une température de l'ordre de -162°C, l'agencement décrit ci-dessus est en mesure de garantir que la température du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 ne descende pas en-dessous de - 50°C, alors que la température du joint annulaire d'étanchéité 20 d'une structure de dôme gaz 1 selon l'état de la technique est susceptible de descendre en dessous de -80°C.It has been found that the presence of an insulating
Dans un mode de réalisation non représenté, la base 33 est une structure rigide constituée de barres métalliques mécano-soudées.In an embodiment not shown, the base 33 is a rigid structure made up of mechanically welded metal bars.
Dans un mode de réalisation non représenté, la base 33 et le corps isolant 32 ne sont pas solidaires. Dans ce cas, le corps isolant 32 comporte sur sa face supérieure tournée vers le couvercle 19 des moyens de préhension comme des poignées afin de pouvoir le retirer. Le corps isolant 32 ne comporte alors pas de trous 35 permettant le passage de poignées ni d'orifices 41 débouchants comme dans le mode de réalisation décrit en relation avec les
La
Le tampon isolant 130 est susceptible de présenter une structure similaire au tampon isolant 30 décrit ci-dessus. Selon un mode de réalisation, des goujons 139 sont en outre soudés sur le plateau de support 129 et permettent ainsi de fixer le tampon isolant 130 sur le plateau de support 129 de manière similaire à ce qui a été décrit précédemment. Par ailleurs, la bride d'assemblage 118, le joint d'étanchéité et le couvercle 119 sont également similaires à ceux-décrits ci-dessus en relation avec le mode de réalisation précédent.The insulating
La
Il convient également d'observer que si, dans tous les modes de réalisation représentés, le plateau de support 29, 129, 229 s'étend dans un plan horizontal, il est également susceptible de présenter un autre agencement dans d'autres modes de réalisation. En particulier, dans un mode de réalisation non illustré, le plateau de support présente une forme tronconique dont l'axe de cône est confondu avec l'axe longitudinal de la conduite étanche 10, 110. Dans un tel cas, la surface inférieure du tampon isolant présente avantageusement une forme tronconique complémentaire.It should also be noted that if in all of the embodiments shown the
La
Grâce à un tel agencement, le diamètre de la partie supérieure 326 de la conduite étanche 310 est susceptible d'être inférieur, comme représenté sur la
Une telle structure de dôme gaz 301 est également susceptible d'être obtenue par adaptation d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Dans ce cas, la partie inférieure 327 de la conduite étanche 310 correspond à la conduite étanche d'une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique. Aussi, afin d'obtenir une structure de dôme gaz selon l'invention, l'on vient rapporter la partie supérieure 326 équipée de la bride d'assemblage 318 sur la structure de dôme gaz d'origine. Selon un mode de réalisation, non illustré la partie supérieure 326 présente un diamètre égal à celui de la partie inférieur et la partie supérieure est soudée sur la pièce, référencé 343, qui servait à l'origine, c'est-à-dire avant la modification de structure, de bride destinée à recevoir le couvercle. Ceci permet d'utiliser un couvercle 319 ayant le même diamètre que le couvercle d'origine et permet donc de réutiliser le couvercle 319 d'origine dans le cas où l'on adapte une structure de dôme gaz selon l'état de la technique.Such a
La technique décrite ci-dessus pour réaliser une structure de dôme gaz peut être utilisée dans différents types de cuves à membranes, dans une installation terrestre ou dans un ouvrage flottant comme un navire méthanier ou autre.The technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in different types of membrane tanks, in an onshore installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG vessel or the like.
En référence à la
De manière connue en soi, des canalisations de chargement/déchargement 73 disposées sur le pont supérieur du navire peuvent être raccordées, au moyen de connecteurs appropriées, à un terminal maritime ou portuaire pour transférer une cargaison de GNL depuis ou vers la cuve 71.In a manner known per se, loading / unloading
La
Pour engendrer la pression nécessaire au transfert du gaz liquéfié, on met en œuvre des pompes embarquées dans le navire 70 et/ou des pompes équipant l'installation à terre 77 et/ou des pompes équipant le poste de chargement et de déchargement 75.To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention.Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these come within the scope of the invention.
L'usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n'exclut pas la présence d'autres éléments ou d'autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication.The use of the verb “comprise”, “understand” or “include” and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those set out in a claim.
Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
Claims (19)
- Fluid storage device comprising a hull and a sealed thermally insulating tank arranged in the hull (4, 5); the tank comprising an interior space (2) intended to store fluid and comprising a tank roof having:- a thermally insulating barrier (6) resting against the hull (4, 5); and- a sealing membrane (9) intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank; the fluid storage device having a gas dome structure (1, 101, 301) comprising:- a sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) having an upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) equipped with a connecting flange (18, 118, 318) and a lower longitudinal end (15) passing through the thermally insulating barrier (6) and the sealing membrane (9) of the tank roof so as to define a channel for circulation between the interior space (2) of the tank and at least one vapour collector arranged outside the tank;- a cover (19, 119, 319) that is fixed to said connecting flange (18, 118, 318) by fasteners to close the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310);- a gasket (20) that is compressed between the cover (19, 119, 319) and the connecting flange (18, 118, 318);- a vapour collecting pipe (3, 17, 117) that passes hermetically through a wall of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) so as to enter the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) in a collecting zone (25, 125, 325), said vapour collecting pipe (3, 17, 117) thus being able to convey vapour between the collecting zone (25, 125, 325) and the vapour collector arranged outside the tank;- the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) comprising a carrier plate (29, 129, 329) that extends transversely towards the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310), and is located longitudinally between the collecting zone (25, 125, 325) and the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310); the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) delimiting, on the one hand, a lower portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) that is located below the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) and, on the other hand, an upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) that is located above the carrier plate (29, 129, 329);- an insulating plug (30, 130, 330) that seals the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310), said insulating plug (30, 130, 330) comprising an upper surface and a lower surface (31), which are opposite the cover (19, 119, 319) and the carrier plate (29, 129, 329), respectively;the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) supporting the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) and interacting with the lower surface of the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) on the entire periphery of said lower surface (31) so as to form a barrier limiting a thermal convection effect between the lower portion and the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310).
- Fluid storage device according to Claim 1, in which the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) comprises an insulating body (32) and a base (33) that is interposed between the insulating body (32) and the carrier plate (29, 129, 329).
- Fluid storage device according to Claim 2, in which the base (33) is equipped with a gripping means (34) projecting in the direction of the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) through a hole (35) made in the insulating body (32).
- Fluid storage device according to Claims 1 to 3, in which the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) comprises an insulating body (32) comprising an upper plate (37), a lower plate (38) and a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between the lower plate (38) and the upper plate (37).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) and the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) are fixed together.
- Fluid storage device according to Claim 5, in which the carrier plate (29, 129) is equipped with a plurality of pins (39, 139) each having a threaded end projecting in the direction of the upper longitudinal end (14, 114) of the sealed pipe (10, 110) and passing through a respective through-hole (40, 41) made in the insulating plug (30, 130), the threaded end of each of said pins interacting with a nut so as to fasten said insulating plug (30, 130) to the carrier plate (29, 129).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the sealed pipe (10, 110) comprises a shoulder (24) formed between a lower part (27, 127) and an upper part (26, 126) of the sealed pipe (10, 110), said upper part (26, 126) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the lower part (27, 127) and said shoulder (24) forming the carrier plate (29, 129).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the carrier plate (329) delimits an upper part (326) and a lower part (327) of the sealed pipe (310) and projects transversely towards the interior of the sealed pipe (310) relative to said upper part (326) and lower part (327) of the sealed pipe (310), the upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310) having a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the lower part (327) of the sealed pipe (310).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) comprises an outer drum (11, 110, 310), an inner drum (12) which passes through the outer drum (11, 110, 310) and an insulating intermediate space (13) provided between the outer drum (11, 110, 310) and the inner drum (12).
- Fluid storage device according to Claim 9, in which the inner drum (12) has an upper end that is connected hermetically to the outer drum (11, 110, 310) and that is located in a zone arranged longitudinally between the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) and the lower longitudinal end (15) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310).
- Fluid storage device according to Claim 9 or 10, in which the vapour collecting pipe (3, 17) passes hermetically through a wall of the outer drum (11, 110, 310) in a zone located longitudinally between the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) and the upper end of the inner drum (12).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, in which the connecting flange (18, 118, 318) projects transversely towards the outside of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) from the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of said sealed pipe (10, 110, 310).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, in which each fastener comprises a threaded screw interacting with a nut and passing through a hole (21) made in the cover (19) and a hole (22) made in the connecting flange (18).
- Fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, configured in the form of a ship.
- Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, insulated pipelines (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged so as to connect the tank (71) to a floating or onshore storage facility (77) and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or onshore storage facility to or from the tank.
- Method for assembling a fluid storage device according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it comprises:- forming an assembly comprising the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) and the vapour collecting pipe (3, 17, 117) in such a way that:- the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) has the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) equipped with the connecting flange (18, 118, 318), the lower longitudinal end (15) passing through the thermally insulating barrier (6) and the sealing membrane (9) of the tank roof and the carrier plate (29, 129, 329) that extends transversely towards the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310), and is located longitudinally between the collecting zone (25, 125, 325) and the upper longitudinal end (14, 114, 314) of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310); and so that- the vapour collecting pipe (3, 17, 117) passes hermetically through the wall of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) and opens into the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) in the collecting zone (25, 125, 325);- arranging the insulating plug (30, 130, 330) inside the upper portion of the interior of the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) bearing against the carrier plate (29, 129, 329);- fixing the cover (19, 119, 319) to the connecting flange (18, 118, 318), compressing the gasket (20) between the cover and the connecting flange.
- Method of assembly according to Claim 16, in which forming the assembly comprising the sealed pipe (110) and the vapour collecting pipe (3, 17) comprises:- supplying a lower part (127) of the sealed pipe (110) and the carrier plate (129), the carrier plate (129) being fixed to said lower part (127) and projecting transversely towards the outside of the lower part (127);- supplying an upper part (126) of the sealed pipe (110) equipped with the connecting flange (118); the upper part (126) having a diameter greater than that of the lower portion (127);- fixing the upper part (126) hermetically on the carrier plate (129).
- Method of assembly according to Claim 16, in which forming the assembly comprising the sealed pipe (10, 110, 310) and the vapour collecting pipe (3, 17) comprises:- supplying an upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310), said upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310) being equipped with the connecting flange (318);- supplying a lower part (327) of the sealed pipe (310), said lower part (327) comprising a second flange (343) projecting radially towards the outside;- supplying the carrier plate (329);- fixing the carrier plate (329) on the lower part (327) and/or on the upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310); and- fixing the upper part (326) of the sealed pipe (310) to the lower part (327) of the sealed pipe, coaxially with the latter.
- Method for loading or offloading a fluid storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipelines (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or onshore storage facility (77) to or from the tank of the fluid storage device.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1751087A FR3062703B1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | GAS DOME STRUCTURE FOR A WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATION TANK |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3361138A1 EP3361138A1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
EP3361138B1 true EP3361138B1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
Family
ID=58501706
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17209788.3A Active EP3361138B1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-12-21 | Gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating vessel |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3361138B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6545299B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102027672B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108413244B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2903004T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3062703B1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY188105A (en) |
SG (1) | SG10201800173XA (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3083843B1 (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-07-17 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | FLUID STORAGE FACILITY |
CN109519699A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽莎沃斯服饰有限公司 | A kind of steam air accumulator |
FR3089594B1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-03-26 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Support for fixing an engine on a cover of a loading and / or unloading tower of a vessel's tank |
KR102595975B1 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2023-11-01 | 한화오션 주식회사 | Gas dome structure of pressurized cryogenic storage tank including leakage prevention device |
FR3093786B1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2023-03-24 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Tank wall including improved insulation around a bushing |
CN113911261B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2023-03-14 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Liquefied gas transport ship |
FR3122477B1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-12-08 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Storage facility for liquefied gas |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000161827A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-16 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Refrigerant container and method for making same |
FR2877638B1 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2007-01-19 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | THERMALLY INSULATED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK WITH COMPRESSION-RESISTANT CALORIFIC ELEMENTS |
CN201149164Y (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2008-11-12 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Vacuum multi-layer heat insulation low temperature container with manhole structure |
FR2972242B1 (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2014-10-17 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | FIXING INSULATING PANELS ON A CARRIER WALL ACCORDING TO A REPEATED PATTERN |
FR2984454B1 (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2015-04-03 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | TANK WALL COMPRISING A CONDUIT |
FR3000042B1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-01-23 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK |
KR20140088975A (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-14 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Recess type gas dome structure |
FR3002515B1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2016-10-21 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | TANK WALL COMPRISING A CROSSING ELEMENT |
FR3019520B1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-04-15 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | WATERPROOF AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK IN A FLOATING WORK |
FR3032258B1 (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-07-28 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION INSTALLATION OF A CRYOGENIC FLUID EMBEDDED ON A SHIP |
-
2017
- 2017-02-09 FR FR1751087A patent/FR3062703B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-12-21 ES ES17209788T patent/ES2903004T3/en active Active
- 2017-12-21 EP EP17209788.3A patent/EP3361138B1/en active Active
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2018
- 2018-01-03 CN CN201810005245.1A patent/CN108413244B/en active Active
- 2018-01-05 JP JP2018000439A patent/JP6545299B2/en active Active
- 2018-01-08 SG SG10201800173XA patent/SG10201800173XA/en unknown
- 2018-01-08 MY MYPI2018700099A patent/MY188105A/en unknown
- 2018-01-09 KR KR1020180002901A patent/KR102027672B1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20180092828A (en) | 2018-08-20 |
FR3062703B1 (en) | 2020-10-02 |
SG10201800173XA (en) | 2018-09-27 |
CN108413244B (en) | 2020-04-24 |
EP3361138A1 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
CN108413244A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
ES2903004T3 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
JP2018140769A (en) | 2018-09-13 |
FR3062703A1 (en) | 2018-08-10 |
MY188105A (en) | 2021-11-19 |
JP6545299B2 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
KR102027672B1 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
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