EP3359909B1 - Projectile à portée réduite - Google Patents

Projectile à portée réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3359909B1
EP3359909B1 EP16785100.5A EP16785100A EP3359909B1 EP 3359909 B1 EP3359909 B1 EP 3359909B1 EP 16785100 A EP16785100 A EP 16785100A EP 3359909 B1 EP3359909 B1 EP 3359909B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
tracer
ogive
pressure
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16785100.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3359909A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Blache
Dirk Meisterhans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication of EP3359909A1 publication Critical patent/EP3359909A1/fr
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Publication of EP3359909B1 publication Critical patent/EP3359909B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/52—Nose cones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile or ammunition, also with a practice projectile or practice ammunition, which on the one hand has ballistic equality up to a predefined combat distance compared to the combat or practice ammunition introduced, and on the other hand the speed decreases significantly more quickly when this distance is exceeded and thus has a significantly reduced overall range compared to the ammunition introduced.
  • a training projectile for automatic or manual weapons which has a geometry simulating that of a real projectile and has, as ballast, an internal charge made of a material that is both compact and brittle so as to be able to atomize shortly after impact.
  • the DE 915 788 C a training projectile for tubes with a weak spin. It is provided here that the hollow body, which consists of a material of high density, has a length approximately corresponding to the diameter and the entire projectile is shorter than twice the diameter.
  • a training projectile with a shortened range is known that has a head part as a ballistic hood and a projectile body.
  • the head part and projectile body can be separated from one another by means of a pyrotechnic delay mechanism and an ejector charge.
  • the invention takes on the task of demonstrating ammunition that also meets the safety-related requirements of the user.
  • the invention is based on the idea of specifying ammunition which is not subject to any external ballistic interference at a so-called main combat range, but which can then reduce the speed significantly more quickly if the target has not been hit.
  • these must have properties that are as identical as possible to the corresponding combat ammunition within the training main combat distance, but then be able to reduce the speed much more quickly.
  • the ammunition or training projectile consists of a projectile body which accommodates a projectile ogive.
  • this e.g. screwed-in or snap-in bullet ogive has at least one predetermined breaking point.
  • the bullet ogive can tear open along this predetermined breaking point.
  • the air resistance of the projectile then changes as a result of the tearing open.
  • the projectile ogive is preferably made of plastic, alternatively of aluminum, etc.
  • the projectile body can be made of steel.
  • a pressure-generating charge is provided in the projectile body, which can act on the projectile ogive with a predetermined breaking point and tear open or open it.
  • the at least one delay element can also be introduced in addition to the tracer. If there are two or more delay elements, these must be fitted symmetrically in the body of the projectile.
  • the number of delay elements "n" can be freely selected. These are preferably pyrotechnic delay elements.
  • the tracer and the delay element(s) come into contact with the pressure-generating charge at the end of their burning distance, which is also entrained in the projectile body. Here, too, it is preferably a pyrotechnic charge.
  • the plastic ogive and the projectile body are designed in such a way that the ballistic equality with the combat or practice ammunition introduced is maintained.
  • the tracer and delay element(s) are designed in such a way that they allow the projectile to fly over a certain distance (main combat distance) without interference. Depending on the distance or flight time of the projectile, they therefore have a charge with a preset nominal burning time.
  • the tracer or the pyrotechnical(s) Delay element(s) ignited in projectile body. After leaving the weapon barrel on the trajectory of the projectile, the pressure-generating charge arranged in the projectile body is ignited by the one or more delay elements and their delay sections or by the tracer at the end of the preset burn time. After this time, the internal pressure created in the bullet opens the bullet ogive along its predetermined breaking points and thereby changes the air resistance of the bullet. This changed air resistance ensures that a specified remaining flight distance is not exceeded.
  • the invention relates to a projectile with a reduced range with a projectile body according to independent claim 4.
  • the pressure effect can preferably open a nozzle or a plurality of nozzles that are introduced, for example, laterally in the projectile body. in order to cause the projectile to tumble.
  • the nozzle or nozzles are each covered by a membrane or a bursting disc, which ruptures under the influence of pressure.
  • a pressure-generating charge in the projectile body which is functionally connected to the at least one tracer and/or the at least one delay element stands.
  • the pressure charge is initiated, which then acts on the projectile in such a way that after a set flight time (depending on the burn time) has been reached, it influences the trajectory of the projectile becomes.
  • the advantage of this design is, among other things, that all requirements for ballistic equality are met up to a predefined combat distance.
  • the desired shot distances can be set before production by setting the burning time of the delay sections in the delay elements and the tracer. More recent applications also provide for on-site adjustment of the burn time of the delay elements.
  • This constructive measure or measures according to the invention ensures that the ammunition has identical external ballistic properties (trajectory) for the practice or main combat range as the corresponding combat ammunition, but a maximum total range is not exceeded. In particular during exercises where the infantry unit is behind the actual target seen in the direction of fire, this increases the security for the soldiers.
  • the 1 shows a projectile 1 with a projectile ogive 2 and a projectile body 3.
  • the projectile ogive 2 is attached to the projectile body 3, for example screwed on.
  • the projectile ogive 2 is preferably made of a plastic.
  • the bullet ogive 2 has at least one predetermined breaking point 4 on the circumference.
  • the predetermined breaking point is preferably integrated in the longitudinal direction of the projectile 1.
  • several predetermined breaking points 4, at least two, have proven to be advantageous.
  • the projectile body 3 which is preferably made of steel can, in addition to a tracer 5, four pyrotechnic delay elements 6 are attached symmetrically around the tracer 5.
  • the tracer 5 as well as the pyrotechnic delay elements 6 are in contact with a pressure-generating pyrotechnic charge 7 at the end of their burning rods.
  • the number “n” of the delay elements 6 can be freely selected and is not limited to four. Accordingly, it can also be sufficient if only one delay charge 6 is involved. If a tracer 5 is present, delay elements 6 can also be dispensed with altogether if the function of triggering the charge 7 is taken over by the tracer 5 . However, at least two delay sections or delay elements 6 should be provided for a high level of functional reliability.
  • the pyrotechnic pressure charge 7 is limited by a bursting membrane 8.
  • the projectile 11 shows a projectile 11 with a projectile ogive 12 and a projectile body 13.
  • the projectile body 13 which is also preferably made of steel, in addition to a tracer 15, four pyrotechnic delay elements 16 are also attached symmetrically around the tracer 15.
  • the tracer 15 as well as the pyrotechnic delay elements 16 are in contact with a pressure-generating pyrotechnic charge 17 at the end of their burning rods.
  • the number of delay elements 16 can also be freely selected.
  • the projectile ogive 2 ends with a cover disk 18 which in turn limits the charge 17 .
  • the projectile body 13 preferably has at least one opening 19 penetrating the projectile body 13 on the peripheral side, which opening is closed by means of a bursting disk 10 .
  • Integrating the opening (19) into the projectile ogive 12 is also conceivable if the cover disk 18 itself can burst.
  • the opening 19 is preferably designed in the form of a nozzle.
  • the integration into the projectile body 13 or the projectile ogive 12 preferably takes place with a diameter which increases towards the outside. Alternatives are given, such as an outwardly tapering diameter. An opening 19 that remains the same is also possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows the combination of both variants in a bullet 21 with a bullet ogive 22 and a bullet body 23.
  • the bullet ogive 22 has at least one predetermined breaking point 24 and the bullet body 23 has at least one opening 29 on the circumference, preferably in the form of a nozzle that enlarges toward the outside. This is closed by a bursting disc 20.
  • a pressure generating charge 27 is confined by a bursting membrane 28 .
  • In the projectile body 23 are at least one tracer 25 and four delay elements 26 are also integrated here.
  • the tracer 25 as well as the pyrotechnic delay elements 26 are in contact with the pyrotechnic pressure charge 27 at the end of their burning rods.
  • the adjustable burning time of the tracer 5, 15, 25 as well as the delay elements 6, 16, 26 is determined according to the present idea by the distance to the target, the flight time t of the projectile in the defined combat area, ie the defined combat distance.
  • the flight time t or the burning time is set by selecting the length of the delay line within the delay elements 6, 16, 26.
  • Such a setting is shown, for example, in FIG DE 10 2013 013 705 A1 , the DE 10 2012 014 1450 A1 or DE 10 2012 014 149 B3 , which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the pressure charge 7, 17, 27 is ignited by the delay element(s) 6, 16, 26 and/or the tracer 5, 15, 25 of the projectile 1 (delay sections). .
  • the maximum total range of the projectile 1, 11, 21 to the weapon is usually around 3000m.
  • the soldiers are about 5000m away from the firing weapon.
  • the so-called practice or main fight distance is then often 1200m to 1400m.
  • the nominal burn time to be selected in this constellation is approx. 1.2 s.
  • the remaining flight distance of projectile 1, 11, 21 would then result from the difference of 3000m and the combat distance of 1400m. It goes without saying that the data given here are not to be regarded as restrictive, but rather form a starting point for the free choice of the pre-settable burning time and thus the flight time of the projectile 1, 11, 21.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Projectile (1, 21) à portée réduite, comprenant un corps de projectile (3, 13, 23) et une ogive de projectile (2, 22) ainsi qu'au moins un traceur (5, 25) et/ou au moins un élément de retard (6, 26), dans lequel une charge génératrice de pression (7, 27) à l'intérieur du corps de projectile (3, 23) est reliée fonctionnellement audit au moins un traceur (5, 25) et/ou audit au moins un élément de retard (6, 26), la charge génératrice de pression (7, 27) agit après le déclenchement par ledit au moins un traceur ou ledit au moins un élément de retard, sur le projectile (1, 21) de telle sorte que, après qu'un temps de vol (t) réglé a été atteint, la trajectoire du projectile (1, 21) est influencée, caractérisé par le fait que l'ogive de projectile (2, 22) présente au moins un point de rupture prédéterminé (4) et qu'une pression intérieure produite par la charge génératrice de pression (7, 27) déclenchée agit sur l'ogive de projectile (2, 22) avec le point de rupture prédéterminé (4) et déchire celle-ci .
  2. Projectile (1, 21) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'ogive de projectile (2, 22) présente ledit au moins un point de rupture prédéterminé (4) sur la circonférence.
  3. Projectile (1, 21) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit au moins un point de rupture prédéterminé (4) est intégré dans la direction longitudinale du projectile (2, 21).
  4. Projectile (11, 21) à portée réduite, comprenant un corps de projectile (13, 23) et une ogive de projectile (12, 22) ainsi qu'au moins un traceur (15, 25) et/ou au moins un élément de retard (16, 26), dans lequel une charge génératrice de pression (17, 27) à l'intérieur du corps de projectile (13, 23) est reliée fonctionnellement audit au moins un traceur (15, 25) et/ou audit au moins un élément de retard (16, 26), la charge génératrice de pression (7, 27) agit après le déclenchement par ledit au moins un traceur ou ledit au moins un élément de retard, sur le projectile (1, 21) de telle sorte que, après qu'un temps de vol (t) réglé a été atteint, la trajectoire du projectile (1, 21) est influencée, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une ouverture (19) est intégrée au corps de projectile (13, 23), qui est recouverte par un disque destiné à la rupture (10).
  5. Projectile (11, 21) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que ladite au moins une ouverture (19) est intégrée circonférentiellement dans le corps de projectile (13, 23).
  6. Projectile (11, 21) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé par le fait que ladite au moins une ouverture (19) est constante ou en forme de buse, dans lequel cette forme de buse présente un diamètre s'élargissant vers l'extérieur ou se rétrécissant vers l'extérieur.
  7. Projectile (11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'ogive de projectile (2, 22) présente au moins un point de rupture prédéterminé (4) sur la circonférence.
  8. Projectile (1, 21) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que ledit au moins un point de rupture prédéterminé (4) est intégré dans la direction longitudinale du projectile (2, 21).
  9. Projectile (1, 11, 12) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'ogive de projectile (2, 12, 22) est fixée au corps de projectile (3, 13, 23) par vissage ou par une liaison à encliquetage.
  10. Projectile (1, 11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs éléments de retard (6, 16, 26) sont intégrés de façon symétrique et aussi dissymétrique dans le corps de projectile (3, 13, 23).
  11. Projectile (1, 11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de retard (6, 16, 26) comprennent une charge pyrotechnique ou sont des éléments de temporisation électriques.
  12. Projectile (1, 11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que la charge génératrice de pression (7) est une charge pyrotechnique.
  13. Projectile (1, 11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'on utilise du CO2 en tant que charge génératrice de pression qui est intégrée dans une cartouche.
  14. Projectile (1, 11, 21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par le fait qu'il s'agit d'un projectile de combat ou d'entraînement.
EP16785100.5A 2015-10-06 2016-09-27 Projectile à portée réduite Active EP3359909B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015117003.5A DE102015117003A1 (de) 2015-10-06 2015-10-06 Geschoss mit reduzierter Reichweite
PCT/EP2016/072900 WO2017060119A1 (fr) 2015-10-06 2016-09-27 Projectile à portée réduite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3359909A1 EP3359909A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3359909B1 true EP3359909B1 (fr) 2023-05-10

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EP16785100.5A Active EP3359909B1 (fr) 2015-10-06 2016-09-27 Projectile à portée réduite

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EP (1) EP3359909B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015117003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017060119A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019126585A1 (de) 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 Rwm Schweiz Ag Geschoss mit verkürzter Reichweite
DE102022002219A1 (de) 2021-08-21 2023-02-23 Kastriot Merlaku Blitzableitungs-System für Militärzwecke

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE518095A (fr) * 1952-04-05 Energa
US3713386A (en) * 1970-06-22 1973-01-30 Colt Ind Operating Corp Range limited projectile system
SE429064B (sv) * 1976-04-02 1983-08-08 Bofors Ab Slutfaskorrigering av roterande projektil
FR2527764B1 (fr) * 1982-06-01 1986-11-21 France Etat Obus d'exercice
FR2548773B1 (fr) * 1983-07-04 1986-12-19 France Etat Armement Munitions et projectiles du type fleche pour exercice
DE3617656A1 (de) 1986-05-26 1987-12-03 Dynamit Nobel Ag Uebungsgeschoss mit verkuerzter reichweite
FR2649195B1 (fr) * 1989-07-03 1993-12-31 Matra Manurhin Defense Projectile d'exercice pour arme automatique ou manuelle
DE3927799A1 (de) * 1989-08-23 1991-02-28 Rheinmetall Gmbh Uebungsgeschoss
DE3933442A1 (de) * 1989-10-06 1991-04-18 Rheinmetall Gmbh Fluegelstabilisiertes geschoss
FR2789484B1 (fr) * 1999-02-08 2001-12-07 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de defense a letalite reduite
DE102005030263B3 (de) 2005-06-29 2006-11-30 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sicherheitssystem für tempierbare Munition mit Selbstzerlegung
DE102012014149B3 (de) 2012-07-18 2013-07-25 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Mechanisch verstellbares Verzögerungselement
DE102013013705A1 (de) 2013-08-20 2015-02-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Pyrotechnische Verzögerungseinrichtung für elnen Munitionszünder und Mörsergranate mit einer derartigen Verzögerungseinrichtung

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Publication number Publication date
WO2017060119A1 (fr) 2017-04-13
EP3359909A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
DE102015117003A1 (de) 2017-04-06

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