EP3352298A1 - Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes - Google Patents

Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3352298A1
EP3352298A1 EP17000107.7A EP17000107A EP3352298A1 EP 3352298 A1 EP3352298 A1 EP 3352298A1 EP 17000107 A EP17000107 A EP 17000107A EP 3352298 A1 EP3352298 A1 EP 3352298A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modulation
modulations
array
backscatter transponder
transponder according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17000107.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3352298B1 (fr
Inventor
Axel Brokmeier
Patrick Scheele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hensoldt Sensors GmbH
Original Assignee
Hensoldt Sensors GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hensoldt Sensors GmbH filed Critical Hensoldt Sensors GmbH
Priority to EP17000107.7A priority Critical patent/EP3352298B1/fr
Publication of EP3352298A1 publication Critical patent/EP3352298A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3352298B1 publication Critical patent/EP3352298B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2647—Retrodirective arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave backscatter transponder.
  • a transponder in the context of the present invention is a radio communication device that receives incoming signals from a far-field interrogator and automatically answers or forwards.
  • Backscatter transponders use the physical principle of modulated backscatter to answer the incoming signal, e.g. by keying in and out.
  • the backscatter transponder itself generates no field, but only affects the incident electromagnetic signal of the interrogator, in which he modulates the incident signal.
  • the information content provided via the modulation can be processed by a receiver.
  • the recipient does not necessarily have to be in the same place as the interrogator (this is called a bi-static case). In practice, however, this will usually be the case (monostatic case) in order to use an existing radar sensor. Both in the bi-static and in the monostatic case, these are mainly secondary radar applications.
  • the backscatter transponder antenna comprises an array of four antenna elements AE1 to AE4 (eg designed as antenna patches).
  • the individual antenna patches are each switched over a switch SPDT 1 to SPDT4 between a reflection-free termination LOAD and a fully-reflective termination REFL.
  • the modulation unit here, for example, OOM with a duty cycle of 50%.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a microwave backscatter transponder with improved antenna sidelobe suppression. This object is achieved with the microwave backscatter transponder according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments are the subject of dependent claims.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of a backscatter transponder according to the invention with a linear array AR of four antenna elements AE1 to AE4 (eg designed as patch antenna elements).
  • the array can have any number of antenna elements which are arranged linearly or in two dimensions.
  • the impedance of the two outer antenna elements AE1, AE4 (via the switching of the associated switches SPDT 1 and SPDT 4) is modulated differently than the impedance of the two inner antenna elements AE2, AE3 (via the respective associated switches SPDT 2, SPDT 3).
  • two separate modulation units MOD1, MOD2 are present.
  • the pulse widths for the modulation of the inner switches SPDT 2, SPDT 3 can advantageously be selected so that the on-time corresponds to the off-time (50% duty cycle).
  • the switches SPDT 1, SPDT 4 assigned to the outer antenna elements AE1, AE4 are modulated with a narrower pulse (in this case, for example: 20% duty cycle).
  • the individual modulation signals thus differ in their energy content.
  • Fig. 3 shows the corresponding time curves for the modulation of the switch inner and outer antenna elements.
  • a plurality of groups of antenna elements are formed, wherein the same modulation is applied to all antenna elements of a group.
  • a group preferably consists of at least two antenna elements, but in individual cases may also comprise only one antenna element.
  • the frequency lines drawn without filling form the spectrum in a modulation with a duty cycle of 50% (inner antenna elements), while the hatched drawn spectral lines represent the spectrum of the outer antenna elements (modulation with 20% duty cycle).
  • different signal levels result for the same frequencies depending on the used pulse width (equivalent to the used duty-cycle).
  • the concrete level values for this example are given at the top of each frequency line.
  • any taper (level distribution) across the array can be achieved.
  • modulation i.e., choice of duty cycle or pulse width
  • any taper (level distribution) across the array can be achieved.
  • which one to choose in each case is given by the known sidelobe methods (for example, binomial, Dolph-Chebyshev, etc.).
  • sidelobe methods for example, binomial, Dolph-Chebyshev, etc.
  • the backscatter transponder according to the invention will advantageously have at least three antenna elements.
  • Fig. 5 shows the degree of sidelobe suppression achieved for the example presented according to the Dolph-Chebyshev method (right-hand antenna diagram of FIG Fig. 5 ) compared to a constant amplitude distribution across the array according to the prior art Fig. 2 (left antenna diagram of the Fig. 5 ) in the usual polar coordinate representation. It can be seen that the side lobes are significantly reduced in the embodiment according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows a bi-static system for polling a backscatter transponder TP according to the invention.
  • a signal 1 (eg CW, FMCW) is emitted by a transmitter (interrogator) comprising as essential elements a signal source SQ and an antenna TX.
  • the signal is modulated as described (eg with OOM, AM, FM or PM) in order to impose a predefined information content on it, and is reflected back as a response signal 10 to a receiver which processes the information content provided via the modulation.
  • the receiver comprises, in addition to the antenna RX, a detector DEC for demodulating the received signal and further standard components PROC for signal processing.
  • the receiver comprises a bandpass filter BP, as explained, to limit the signal processing to the frequency lines used for tapering.

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  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP17000107.7A 2017-01-23 2017-01-23 Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes Active EP3352298B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17000107.7A EP3352298B1 (fr) 2017-01-23 2017-01-23 Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17000107.7A EP3352298B1 (fr) 2017-01-23 2017-01-23 Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3352298A1 true EP3352298A1 (fr) 2018-07-25
EP3352298B1 EP3352298B1 (fr) 2019-03-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17000107.7A Active EP3352298B1 (fr) 2017-01-23 2017-01-23 Transpondeur à rétrodiffusion par micro-ondes

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EP (1) EP3352298B1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3604131A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-05 HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH Système et procédé de détection des mouvements des aéronefs

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4684952A (en) * 1982-09-24 1987-08-04 Ball Corporation Microstrip reflectarray for satellite communication and radar cross-section enhancement or reduction

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4684952A (en) * 1982-09-24 1987-08-04 Ball Corporation Microstrip reflectarray for satellite communication and radar cross-section enhancement or reduction

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GOSHI D S ET AL: "A Sparse Retrodirective Transponder Array With a Time Shared Phase-Conjugator", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 55, no. 8, 1 August 2007 (2007-08-01), pages 2367 - 2372, XP011189656, ISSN: 0018-926X, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2007.901852 *
SCHEELE P ET AL: "Passive Ferroelectric Phase Modulators for RFID Backscatter Transponders", 2005 EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE CNIT LA DEFENSE, PARIS, FRANCE OCT. 4-6, 2005, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA,IEEE, vol. 1, 4 October 2005 (2005-10-04), pages 645 - 648, XP010903364, ISBN: 978-2-9600551-2-2, DOI: 10.1109/EUMC.2005.1608939 *
YEN-SHENG CHEN ET AL: "A Novel Dual-Antenna Structure for UHF RFID Tags", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 59, no. 11, 1 November 2011 (2011-11-01), pages 3950 - 3960, XP011379484, ISSN: 0018-926X, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2011.2164199 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3604131A1 (fr) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-05 HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH Système et procédé de détection des mouvements des aéronefs

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Publication number Publication date
EP3352298B1 (fr) 2019-03-06

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