EP3330464B1 - Door hinge - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door hinge for connecting to and pivoting a door with respect to a column bracket with at least one hinge axis, at least one holding arm engaging the hinge axis and at least one contour, the at least one holding arm being supported with at least one section on the contour, as well as a vehicle with at least one such door hinge.

Door hinges are known in the state of the art in a wide variety of configurations, in particular for the motor vehicle sector. They serve as an articulated connection between a vehicle door and a vehicle body. In this context, it is known in particular to hold the vehicle door relative to the vehicle body in a desired open position or a desired closed position by means of a lock without the need for additional locking means.

For example, it is from the EP 2 568 103 B1 known to provide a motor vehicle door hinge with a pillar bracket arranged on a vehicle body, a door bracket which can be connected to a motor vehicle door, a hinge pin which connects the door bracket and the pillar bracket to one another in an articulated manner and which is non-rotatably connected to the pillar bracket and pivotally connected to the door bracket, and a locking unit, the The locking unit has a brake insert which is connected to the door console in a non-rotatable manner and has a braking surface, and a locking element which is connected to the hinge pin in a non-rotatable manner and which has holding surfaces which can be adjusted in the direction of the braking surface. The holding surfaces are arranged on two locking element arms which are formed in one piece with the locking element and which can be displaced elastically in the direction of the braking surface by means of an actuating unit in such a way that the holding surfaces rest against the braking surface. The brake insert is arranged between the two locking element arms each having the holding surfaces. The actuating unit is designed in such a way that it presses the holding surfaces against opposing braking surfaces of the brake insert and the actuating unit has an adjusting screw, by means of which the locking element arms can be displaced in the direction of the brake insert. The adjusting screw extends between the locking element arms in such a way that the distance between the locking element arms can be adjusted via the adjusting screw. The brake insert also has contoured braking surfaces, ie the braking surfaces have both depressions and elevations opposite a main plane of the braking surfaces, with a higher holding torque in the area of the elevations and a reduced holding torque in the area of the depressions compared to the main plane.

From the EP 1 144 786 B1 Another articulated connection in the form of a door hinge is known in which a device for fixing a first movement element, such as a door part, is movably articulated to a second movement element, such as a column part. Furthermore, a fixing unit is provided which has a first and a second brake element, the first brake element being, for example, outer disks and the second brake element, for example, inner disks. The first braking element is connected to the first moving element and the second braking element is connected to the second moving element. The braking elements can be brought into engagement with one another by the action of a force which is generated by a force application element, that they are fixed to one another and the movement elements are also fixed to one another via the connection of the braking elements to the moving elements. A force application element is, for example, a spring. Furthermore, a mechanical switching unit is provided which can assume a coupling state and a disconnected state, the switching unit switching from the coupling state to the disconnected state when the moving elements are moved relative to one another and in the coupling state releases the effect of the force on the braking elements so that these braking elements interact come into engagement. The switching unit further comprises a first or a second actuating element, wherein the first actuating element is connected to the first movement element and the second actuating element is connected to the second movement element. The connection is made in such a way that the movement of the movement elements causes a rotational movement of the actuating elements, which are arranged on top of one another in such a way that when they change position in relation to one another, they move one another Perform a pivoting movement that takes place parallel to the axis of rotation. The actuating elements change their distance from one another, as a result of which the switching unit switches from the coupling state to the disconnected state, in which the effect of the force on the braking elements is blocked so that the braking elements are released from one another. Furthermore, a coupling element, such as balls, is provided which converts the relative movement of the movement elements into a pivoting movement of the actuating elements, the coupling element automatically returning to its starting position and thus triggering the effect of the force on the braking elements so that the braking elements come into engagement with one another .

the BE 400 951 A discloses a braking device for a door closer system. In this case, friction disks are provided which are arranged displaceably on an axis. The friction disks form two alternating groups, one of which is non-rotatably connected to the axis thanks to a cam, and the other cannot rotate around the hinge body.

the DE 42 12 181 A1 discloses a hinge with a lock and equipped with cam tracks, spring-loaded and axially movable locking parts with respect to a hinge pin. The locking parts are associated with axially movable frictional engagement elements relative to the hinge pin and non-rotatably connected to the hinge halves, with spring elements, locking parts and frictional engagement elements being arranged within a closed cavity formed by the two hinge halves.

Furthermore, from the DE 296 11 674 U1 and the DE 42 07 706 A1 each special designs of door stops known from the US 2005/0066475 A1 a swivel hinge and out of the NL 6 612 273 A an adaptation for a connecting hinge of a tripod, comprising torque discs.

The present invention is based on the object of developing a door hinge, in particular a motor vehicle door hinge, according to the preamble of claim 1, to the effect that a door hinge which is dependent on the opening angle of the door and changing holding torque can be made possible with reduced wear of the door hinge compared to the solutions of the prior art.

The object is achieved for a door hinge according to claim 1 in that holding lamellae are arranged adjacent to the at least one holding arm and braking lamellae are arranged adjacent to the contour in order to generate a holding torque which, when the door can be connected or connected to the door hinge is pivoted, depends on its opening angle, holding lamellae and brake lamellae interlocking, the at least one contour is formed on the outside of at least one contour element, the brake lamellae and the contour element are shaped like an arc of a circle and the at least one holding arm and the holding lamellae are held on the hinge axis so that they cannot rotate, the package of contour element with contour and brake lamellae is movable around the hinge axis relative to the package of the at least one holding arm and the holding lamellas, and wherein at least the first holding arm supported on the contour can be loaded or loaded at least with respect to the contour by a basic clamping force tet is used to hold the packets of holding arms and holding lamellae together and for the contour element and brake lamellae. Developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

As a result, a door hinge is created which comprises at least one hinge axis on which at least one holding arm engages. The at least one holding arm is arranged on the hinge axis in particular with an extension transversely to this, in particular perpendicular to it. For example, the at least one holding arm has an end provided with a through opening, the hinge axis extending through this through opening after the at least one holding arm has been mounted on the hinge axis. The hinge axis can in particular be arranged in a vertical orientation in a room and the at least one holding arm can extend transversely to this, in particular approximately in a horizontal orientation in the room away from the hinge axis, in an arrangement on the latter. Unintentional rotation or twisting of the at least one holding arm about the hinge axis To avoid this, the at least one holding arm is advantageously arranged on the hinge axis so that it cannot rotate. This can be achieved in particular by the uneven shape of the through opening and the hinge axis, at least in the area in which the at least one holding arm is arranged on the hinge axis.

Holding lamellae are arranged adjacent to the at least one holding arm, if two holding arms are provided, preferably between the holding arms. The retaining lamellae, like the at least one retaining arm, are also fixed on one side of the hinge axis, in particular also have a through opening at the end through which they are or can be connected to the hinge axis. With regard to the holding lamellas, too, it has proven to be advantageous to arrange them on the hinge axis so that they cannot rotate. In this way it can be ensured that holding lamellas and holding arms are arranged on the hinge axis so that they are aligned adjacent to one another, when the hinge axis is arranged vertically in the space, in particular one below the other.

The at least one holding arm, if, for example, two holding arms are provided, at least the first holding arm, engages the contour; if the hinge axis is arranged vertically in a space, the uppermost holding arm is advantageous. If two holding arms are provided, the contour is arranged between the two holding arms. It is formed in particular on the outside of a contour element. Brake disks are arranged adjacent to the contour. They advantageously have an outer shape that corresponds to the contour element, but usually no outer contour that corresponds to the contour. Rather, the brake disks are mostly flat, planar, as are the retaining disks. If the contour element and brake disks are arranged vertically (in one room), the contour of the contour element is arranged furthest above, while the brake disks are arranged below it. Holding plates and brake plates interlock or mesh with one another. In particular, the holding lamellae and the brake lamellae interlock alternately. If, for example, two holding arms are provided, the at least one first holding arm is supported with at least one section on the contour. In this case, the at least one second holding arm can be the one furthest from the contour reach under the distant, in particular the lowest (with vertical arrangement in the room), brake plate or the furthest, lowest holding plate. Furthermore, only one holding arm can be provided which exerts a pressure force on the holding lamellae and the brake lamellae via the contour of the contour element, the holding lamella or brake lamella furthest away from the holding arm being on the lower part of a housing of the door hinge in which it is received are supported. If only one holding arm is provided, this presses on the holding lamellae and the brake lamellae via the contour of the contour element. The lowest or last, so the farthest from the one holding arm, the holding lamella or brake lamella, depending on which is arranged as the lowest or last, is due to the pressure exerted by the holding arm on the lower part, such as a floor, of the door hinge receiving housing pressed.

When moving, ie opening and closing a door that is connected to the door hinge, the package of contour or contour element and brake lamellas is moved relative to the package of at least one holding arm and holding lamellas. The at least one or first holding arm, if more than one holding arm is provided, is pressed against the contour by a basic clamping force. This makes it possible for the first holding arm or arms to follow the contour as it moves, while it, that is to say the first holding arm or arms, sweeps over the contour.

In particular, the contour has a flat surface and elevations opposite it. Furthermore, depressions can also be provided. If the first holding arm sweeps over the elevations of the contour, the first holding arm is applied with a clamping force that is greater than the basic clamping force; if it sweeps over recesses, it is acted upon with a clamping force that is less than the basic clamping force. In the area of the flat surface of the contour, the clamping force is advantageously equal to the basic clamping force.

In order to apply the basic clamping force, for example at least one set of springs, such as a set of disc springs, is provided. This engages the first holding arm and presses it against the contour with the basic clamping force. Instead of a set of springs or a set of disc springs, another device for generating the basic clamping force can also be provided, for example a pneumatically operating device that also generates the desired basic clamping force for pressing the holding arm (s), contour, holding lamellae and brake lamellae together. To generate the basic clamping force, in addition to at least one pneumatic device, at least one hydraulic and / or electrical device, in particular a pneumatic and / or hydraulic and / or electric drive, can be provided.

The at least one contour is formed on the outside of at least one circular arc-shaped contour element, and the contour element is thus a circular arc element. This enables a space-saving structure in which the contour element and the brake disks are each formed in the shape of an arc of a circle. Here, the or the first holding arm can slide continuously on the contour which is formed or arranged on the outside of the circular arc element. Because of the elevations, the flat surface and possibly the depressions of the contour of the circular arc element, the spring assembly is compressed to different degrees when the first holding arm or arms sweep over the contour. This also changes the resulting clamping force, which acts on the holding plates and the brake plates meshing with them and presses them against one another.

A holding torque is generated by the clamping force that the holding arms and holding lamellas apply to the contour and the brake lamellas. The holding torque changes according to the configuration of the contour when the door that can be or is connected to the door hinge is pivoted as a function of the opening angle of the door, that is, as a function of the position of the first holding arm or arms on the contour of the contour element or circular arc element. Depending on the contour, by varying the clamping force, for example, at least one freewheeling area in which a low or no clamping force is generated, thus a low or no holding torque, with the first holding arm or arms sweeping over a recess and / or at least one holding area , in which a high clamping force is generated, thus a high holding torque, wherein the or the first holding arm an increase sweeps over, and / or at least a comfort area in which a comparatively average clamping force is generated, thus a holding torque lying between a high and a low holding torque, the or the first holding arm having a flat surface or a lower increase compared to this high holding torque, and / or at least one damping area can be provided in which the clamping force increases continuously before reaching an end position, thus also the holding torque, with the first holding arm or arms sweeping an upward ramp. A free swing area can be provided for closing the door, a holding area for securely holding the door on a slope and the comfort area for holding the door on level ground. Depending on the respective configuration of the contour, a haptic of the door hinge that can be changed or depends on the opening angle of the door can be achieved.

The brake disks are advantageously curved in accordance with the curvature of the circular arc-shaped contour element or circular arc element and are arranged parallel to the at least one circular arc-shaped contour element or circular arc element, in alignment therewith. This creates a unit of a circular arc-shaped contour element or circular arc element with an outer contour and the brake disks arranged on the opposite side of the circular arc-shaped contour element or circular arc element, thus a type of compact package.

At least one setting device can be provided for setting the basic clamping force. If a disk spring assembly is provided, at least one adjusting screw acting on the disk spring assembly can be provided. Such an adjusting device makes it possible to set the basic clamping force in an application-specific manner, thus the clamping force of the package from the at least one holding arm and the holding lamellae provided parallel to this, acting on the package from the contour element with the outer contour and the brake lamellas. In order to achieve an optimal clamping effect for these components of the door hinge, the device exerting the basic clamping force, in particular the spring assembly or Disk spring assembly and the adjusting screw, arranged as close as possible in the contact area of the holding arm (s) and holding lamellas with the contour of the contour element, in particular the circular arc element, and the brake lamellas. The at least one holding arm and the holding lamellas are advantageously mounted on the hinge axis so as to be axially displaceable. This enables an application-specific, suitable positioning on the hinge axis. Further advantageously, the at least one holding arm rests with a convex surface or a convex section on the uppermost retaining lamella adjacent to it, when the hinge axis is arranged vertically in space. As a result, the holding lamella packet can be pressed down by the at least one holding arm, held between the at least two holding arms if at least two holding arms are provided, in order to create a compact unit of the at least two holding arms with the holding lamellae arranged between them and the components of the contour element arranged between them outside contour and the brake discs to be clamped between them and to hold. The at least one contour element provided with the contour, in particular a circular arc element, and the brake lamellae can be mounted in an axially displaceable manner in a housing of the door hinge. This enables the contour element and brake lamellae to be positioned optimally in an application-specific manner on the door hinge or an optimally suitable positioning in relation to the at least one holding arm and the holding lamellae.

The contour element, in particular a circular arc-shaped contour element or circular arc element, and the brake disks are held together by pin elements, the circular arc element and the brake disks being mounted axially displaceably along the pin elements. It is also advantageous for spring washers to be arranged between the brake disks for the backlash-free positioning of the brake disks. This makes it possible to avoid disruptive noises when the door is pivoted around the door hinge and to compensate for wear of the brake lamellae and / or the contour element or its outer contour that occurs over the service life of the door hinge.

It also proves to be advantageous to use at least the surfaces or sections of the surfaces of the holding arm (s) lying against one another and / or sliding or sliding on one another, the holding lamellae and the brake lamellae, as well as the contour of the contour element, in particular the circular arc element, for influencing the sliding properties and / or the To provide wear behavior with at least one coating and / or heat-treat. By coating and / or heat treating at least the respective surfaces of the components of the door hinge that slide on one another, i.e. the at least one holding arm, the contour of the contour element, the holding lamellae and the brake lamellae, these surfaces can be made easier to slide on one another and the surfaces can be protected against wear . As a result, the service life of the door hinge can be extended compared to uncoated components that slide on one another.

Preferably, a number of retaining disks and a number of brake disks are provided which are in engagement with one another. By using several retaining plates and brake plates, the clamping force, which generates a required holding torque, can be significantly reduced. As a result of the lower load resulting therefrom in comparison to the solutions of the prior art, the wear is reduced above all between the first holding arm (s) and the contour on which it slides.

The door hinge has a modular structure by providing the at least one holding arm with the holding lamellae arranged adjacent to it, the contour element with the outer contour and the brake lamellae. All of these components of the door hinge can be varied, so no fixed units are provided. The modular structure of the door hinge enables the properties of the door hinge to be changed easily by, for example, changing the contour or changing the number of retaining lamellae and / or brake lamellae.

The construction space of the door hinge can be kept small and the construction space available in the area of a vehicle door can be kept small by the circular arc-shaped design of the contour element with the contour on the outside and the brake lamellae and a vehicle pillar on which the vehicle door is mounted, can be optimally used. By providing a free space between the hinge axis and the vehicle pillar, a very small distance between the door axis and the outer skin of the vehicle door or of the vehicle can also be achieved.

The retaining lamellae and / or the brake lamellae can be arranged axially, that is to say one above the other, on the hinge axis. It is also possible to arrange the brake lamellae and / or the retaining lamellae, e.g. radially with respect to the orientation of the hinge axis of the door hinge.

Instead of providing only one holding arm or two holding arms, i.e. a holding arm pair, which extend approximately parallel to one another along the hinge axis, it is also possible to provide several holding arms or holding arm pairs and / or a star-shaped holding arm pair or a star-shaped holding arm arrangement. Between the holding arms of the respective holding element pair, the holding lamellae are then also arranged, which come into engagement or mesh with the brake lamellas in order to apply the desired clamping force and thus the desired holding torque for a door connected to the door hinge.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türscharniers, aufgenommen zwischen einer Säulenkonsole zum Befestigen an einer Fahrzeugkarosserie und einer Türkonsole zum Befestigen an einer Fahrzeugtür, und

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Türscharniers gemäß Figur 1 in Alleindarstellung.

To explain the invention in more detail, an exemplary embodiment of this is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. These show in:

Figure 1

a perspective view of an embodiment of a door hinge according to the invention, received between a column bracket for attachment to a vehicle body and a door bracket for attachment to a vehicle door, and

Figure 2

a perspective view of the door hinge according to Figure 1 in isolation.

Figure 1 shows an installation situation of a door hinge 100, which is received in a housing 101. A door bracket 110 for attaching a door, not shown, adjoins the housing 101 on one side. To attach the The door on the door console 110 has at least one fastening opening 111 into which a bolt, screw or other fastening means can engage.

Below the in the installation position after Figure 1 Door hinge 100 arranged approximately vertically (in the room) is gripped from below by a fastening arm 121 of a column bracket 120 and is supported on this. The pillar bracket 120 is used to attach the door hinge 100 to a vehicle body, which, however, is shown in FIG Figure 1 is not shown. For fastening to the vehicle body, the pillar bracket 120 has at least one fastening opening 122 into which a bolt, screw or other fastening means can engage. The fastening arm 121 protrudes approximately perpendicularly from the pillar bracket 120 and has an opening or a bearing for supporting a hinge axis 1 of the door hinge 100. A bearing pin 11 arranged at the lower end 10 of the hinge axis 1 (see Figure 2 ) is used for storage on the fastening arm 121 of the column bracket 120 in the opening provided there or in the bearing provided there. The hinge axis 1 of the door hinge 100 is thus rotatably supported on the fastening arm 121 of the column bracket 120.

Like that Figure 1 and 2 As can be seen further, the door hinge 100 has two holding arms 2, 3 arranged one above the other along the hinge axis 1. Holding lamellae 4 are arranged between these. Both the two holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellas 4 are connected to the hinge axis 1 via an opening 20, 30 and 40, respectively, arranged at one end thereof. In order to provide a safeguard against unintentional rotation of the holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellas 4 around the hinge axis 1, the openings 20, 30 and 40 are each irregularly shaped. The hinge axis 1 also has an uneven profile. Like that Figures 1 and 2 can be removed, the hinge axis 1 is designed here to be flattened on one side, that is to say has a flattened section 12. As a result, the holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellas 4 are held on the hinge axis 1 so that they cannot rotate. These thus form a hinge part. In order to be able to position the holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellas optimally on the hinge axis 1, are this also arranged axially displaceably on the hinge axis 1 and connected to this.

At the end 21 opposite the end with the opening 20, the holding arm 2 has a spherical section 22. With this, the holding arm 2 rests on a contour 5 formed on the outside of a contour element 50. The contour element 50 is in the shape of a circular arc. The contour 5 has flat surfaces 51, an elevation 52 (with respect to the plane of the flat surfaces 51) and a depression 53 (with respect to the plane of the flat surfaces 51). Brake disks 6 are provided adjacent to and in alignment with the circular arc-shaped contour element 50. These are accordingly also designed in the shape of an arc of a circle. They are in the arrangement of the door hinge 100 in space or in the illustration in FIG Figures 1 and 2 in the installed position of the door hinge 100 below the contour element 50 on its side 55 opposite the contour 5. The brake discs 6 and the contour element 50 form a second hinge part. They are fixed in their position relative to one another at the ends by two pin elements 9 and mounted on these pin elements 9. For mounting on the pin elements 9, the contour element 50 and the brake disks 6 each have openings at their ends, of which in FIG Figure 2 however, only the openings 54 and 56 in the contour element 50 can be seen. Spring washers 60 are provided between the brake disks 6 and between the brake disks 6 and the contour element 50 as well as on its upper side in order to be able to provide axial compensation along the pin elements 9 and thus a play-free or essentially play-free positioning of the individual brake disks 6 along the pin elements 9 Disturbing noises can also be avoided during operation and a thickness compensation can be created in the event of wear of the brake disks 6 over their service life. The contour element 50 and the brake disks 6 are mounted in the housing 101 of the door hinge 100 via the pin elements 9, such as Figure 1 can be found. The two pin elements 9 are mounted in corresponding bearing openings 102 in a lower part 103 of the housing 101. As already mentioned, the housing 101 is adjoined on one side by the door bracket 110 for fastening a door (not shown). The hinge part or the package of contour element 50 with contour 5 and brake discs 6 is around the hinge axis 1 can be moved around relative to the hinge part or package comprising the holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellas 4.

The holding lamellae 4 and the brake lamellae 6 each engage or mesh with one another, as is particularly good Figure 2 can be taken. The spherical section 22 of the first holding arm 2 is supported on the contour 5, the second holding arm 3 engages under the lowermost brake plate 6, that is, the brake plate 6, which is arranged farthest away from the contour element 50, adjacent to the second holding arm 3 To ensure that the packs of holding arms 2, 3 and holding lamellae 4 arranged between them, as well as of contour element 50 and brake lamellas 6 arranged adjacent to it, are held clamped on one another, a device for generating a basic clamping force is provided, here, for example, a plate spring package 7.Alternatively, a Another type of spring assembly or another device can be provided, such as a pneumatically acting one, which can also exert a basic clamping force on the first holding arm 2, the contour element 50, the holding lamellae 4, the brake lamellae 6 and the second holding arm 3.

To set the basic clamping force of the disk spring assembly 7, an adjusting screw 8 is provided. If another device is provided for applying the basic clamping force, a different type of device for setting the basic clamping force can be provided. How in particular Figure 2 can be removed, the disc spring assembly 7 with the adjusting screw 8 arranged above it is arranged at the end of the holding arms 2, 3 and the holding lamellae 4, where they engage the contour 5 of the contour element 50 and the brake lamellae 6, thus close to the contact area of the holding arm 2, contour 5, retaining lamellae 4, brake lamellae 6 and retaining arm 3, in order to optimally exert the basic clamping force on these components of the door hinge 100.

A holding torque of the door or the door hinge 100 is generated by clamping the holding arms 2, 3 and holding lamellas 4 on or against the contour 5 of the contour element 50 and the brake lamellas 6, the convex section 22 of the holding arm 2, which is on the Contour 5 rests, and also the disc spring assembly 7 away from the hinge axis 1, at each of the connection with the Hinge axis 1 opposite end of the holding arm 2 or the holding lamellas 4 are arranged.

When the door connected to the door console 110 is moved, i.e. opened or closed, the convex section 22 of the first holding arm 2 sweeps over or traverses the contour 5 and, accordingly, its flat surfaces 51, elevation (s) 52 and possibly depression (s) 53 Here, the holding torque changes as a function of the opening angle of the door, since the disk spring assembly 7 is compressed to different degrees by the first holding arm 2 due to the different height levels of the contour 5. This also changes the resulting clamping force by which the holding plates 4 and the brake plates 6 are pressed onto or against one another. This in turn allows different areas of the door hinge to be defined. For example, when there is little or no clamping force, a free-running area can be generated which is used to close the door. A high clamping force can be present in a holding area, so that the door can also be held securely on a slope. A medium clamping force can be present in a comfort area and this can be used to hold the door on level ground. In a damping area, a continuously increasing clamping force can be provided before reaching an end position (with a high clamping force), created by providing a ramp on the contour 5 before the elevation 52 is reached.

In order to better protect the surfaces of the sliding components of the door hinge 100 lying on top of one another against wear and to improve the sliding properties, i.e. the spherical section 22 of the retaining arm 2, the contour 5, the retaining lamellae 4, brake lamellae 6, and the retaining arm 3 at least these surfaces or surface sections or else these components can be completely coated with a corresponding material and / or heat-treated. A suitable material can, on the one hand, be sufficiently hard to prevent wear and, on the other hand, facilitate sliding. Both wear protection and an improvement in the sliding properties can also be achieved through heat treatment of the components or at least be provided by their correspondingly acted upon surfaces.

By using a number of holding lamellae 4 and brake lamellae 6 which interlock or mesh with one another, the clamping force required to generate a predetermined holding torque can be significantly reduced compared to the known solutions of the prior art. As a result of the lower load on the retaining lamellae 4 and the brake lamellae 6 due to the comparatively lower clamping force, the wear between the first retaining arm 2 and the contour 5 can also be significantly reduced, so that the service life of the door hinge 100 can be significantly increased compared to the known door hinges.

Depending on the design of the contour 5, that is to say the arrangement and configuration of the flat surfaces 51, elevations 52 and depressions 53, a variation of the haptics of the door hinge 100, which is dependent on the opening angle, can be provided. The properties of the door hinge 100 or the above-described areas of a low to a high clamping force or a freewheel, a holding area, a comfort area and a damping area can be changed by changing the contour 5 by replacing it with another contour element 50 with a different contour 5 and / or variation of the number of retaining plates 4 and brake plates 6 can be varied. Such a variation is facilitated by the modular structure of the door hinge 100, in which all components, in particular the retaining lamellae 4, brake lamellae 6 and the contour element 50 with the contour 5, but also the at least two retaining arms 2, 3, are exchanged for others and their number and arrangement can be varied.

Instead of the Figures 1 and 2 shown axial arrangement of the retaining plates 4 and brake plates 6 (one above the other), these could also be arranged radially. Instead of the one holding arm pair with the holding arms 2, 3, several such holding arm pairs can be provided and / or the holding arm pair, unlike in the Figures 1 and 2 shown, are arranged in a star shape.

Due to the circular arc-shaped design of the contour element 50, as a circular arc element, and the brake disks 6, the space available in the area of the door bracket 110 and the pillar bracket 120 can be optimally used. How in particular Figure 1 can be removed, a free space is left between the hinge axis 1 and the column console 120, so that the distance between the door axis and the outer skin of the vehicle can be very small.

In addition to the embodiments of door hinges described above and shown in the figures for connecting to and pivoting a door with respect to a pillar bracket, which have at least one hinge axis, at least one holding arm engaging the hinge axis and at least one contour, the at least one holding arm coinciding with at least a section supported on the contour, numerous more can be provided, in particular any combinations of the features mentioned, in which holding lamellae are provided adjacent to the at least one holding arm and braking lamellae are provided adjacent to the contour to generate a holding torque that occurs when pivoting of the door that can be or is connected to the door hinge is dependent on its opening angle, the holding lamellae and brake lamellae interlocking and at least the first holding arm supported on the contour by a basic clamping force at least opposite the contour t is or is the basic clamping force that holds the packs of retaining arms and retaining lamellae and of contour element and brake lamellae on top of one another, so that the retaining arm follows the contour as it sweeps over the same.

List of reference symbols

1

Hinge axis

2

Holding arm

3

Holding arm

4th

Retaining lamella

5

contour

6th

Brake disc

7th

Disc spring package

8th

Adjusting screw

9

Pin element

10

lower end of 1

11

Journal

12th

flattened section

20th

opening

21

end

22nd

crowned section

30th

opening

40

opening

50

Contour element

51

flat surface

52

Elevation

53

deepening

54

opening

55

Page of 50

56

opening

60

Spring washer

100

Door hinge

101

casing

102

Warehouse opening

103

lower part of 101

110

Door console

111

Mounting hole

120

Pillar console

121

Mounting arm

122

Mounting hole

Claims (11)

1. Door hinge (100), accommodated between a pillar console (120) for fastening the door hinge (100) to a vehicle body and a door console (110) for fastening the door hinge (100) to a vehicle door, wherein the vehicle door is pivotable relative to the pillar console (120) and the door hinge (100) is accommodated in a housing (101) which adjoins the door console (110) on one side,

   wherein the door hinge (100) comprises at least one hinge axle (1), at least one holding arm (2, 3) which engages on the hinge axle (1), holding leaves (4), braking leaves (6), and at least one contour element (50) with at least one contour (5) formed on its outer side,

   wherein the at least one holding arm (2) is supported with at least one portion (22) on the contour (5),

   wherein the holding leaves (4) are arranged adjacent to the at least one holding arm (2, 3) and the braking leaves (6) are arranged adjacent to the contour element (50) with the contour (5) on the outer side,

   wherein the holding leaves (4) and the braking leaves (6) mesh with one another in order to generate a holding torque as a result of a clamping force of the holding arm(s) (2, 3) and the holding leaves (4) relative to the contour (5) and the braking leaves (6),

   wherein the holding torque on pivoting of the door, which is able to be connected or is connected to the door hinge (100), is dependent on the opening angle thereof, thus on the position of the or of a first holding arm (2, 3) on the contour (5) of the contour element (50), the braking leaves (6) and the contour element (50) have the shape of a circular arc,

   wherein the assembly composed of the contour element (50) with the contour (5) and the braking leaves (6) is movable about the hinge axle (1) relative to the assembly composed of the at least one holding arm (2, 3) and the holding leaves (4),

   and wherein at least the first holding arm (2), which is supported on the contour (5), is able to be loaded or is loaded at least relative to the contour (5) by a basic clamping force in order to hold together the assemblies composed of the holding arm(s) (2, 3) and the holding leaves (4) and of the contour element (50) with the contour (5) on the outer side and the braking leaves (6), and thus the holding arm (2, 3) follows the contour (5) as it passes over the contour,

   characterised in that the at least one holding arm (2, 3) and the holding leaves (4) are mounted in a rotationally fixed manner on and so as to be axially displaceable along the hinge axle (1), and the at least one contour element (50) provided with the contour (5) and the braking leaves (6) are mounted so as to be able to be held or to be held together by pin elements (9) and so as to be axially displaceable along the pin elements (9), wherein the contour element (50) and the braking leaves (6) are mounted in the housing (101) of the door hinge via the pin elements (9).
2. Door hinge (100) according to claim 1,

   characterised in that

   the curvature of the contour element (50) and the curvature of the braking leaves (6) correspond to one another.
3. Door hinge (100) according to claim 1 or 2,

   characterised in that

   the braking leaves (6) and the contour element (50) are arranged axially above one another and in alignment with one another, and/or in that the braking leaves (6) and/or the holding leaves (4) are arranged radially with respect to the orientation of the hinge axle (1) of the door hinge (100).
4. Door hinge (100) according to any one of the preceding claims,

   characterised in that

   for the play-free positioning of the braking leaves (6) above one another, spring washers (60) are arranged between the braking leaves (6).
5. Door hinge (100) according to any one of the preceding claims,

   characterised in that

   a device for generating the basic clamping force is provided, in particular at least one spring assembly, in particular a disc spring assembly (7), for exerting the basic clamping force of the at least one holding arm (2) relative to the contour (5) is provided.
6. Door hinge (100) according to claim 5,

   characterised in that

   for adjusting the basic clamping force there is provided at least one adjusting device, in particular at least one adjusting screw (8) which acts on the spring assembly, in particular the disc spring assembly (7).
7. Door hinge (100) according to any one of the preceding claims,

   characterised in that

   for generating the basic clamping force there is provided at least one pneumatic and/or hydraulic and/or electric device, in particular a pneumatic and/or hydraulic and/or electric drive.
8. Door hinge (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

   characterised in that

   at least the surfaces or portions of the surfaces of the holding arm or holding arms (2, 3), the holding leaves (4), the braking leaves (6) and the contour (5) of the contour element (50) which are in contact with one another and/or slide on one another are provided with at least one coating and/or are heat treated in order to influence the sliding properties and/or the wear behaviour.
9. Door hinge (100) according to any one of the preceding claims,

   characterised in that

   a plurality of holding arms (2, 3) is provided and/or a star-shaped holding arm arrangement is provided.
10. Door hinge (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

    characterised in that

    only one holding arm (2, 3) is provided, which holding arm exerts a pressure on the holding leaves (4) and the braking leaves (6) via the contour (5) of the contour element (50), wherein the holding leaf (4) or braking leaf (6) that is furthest from the holding arm (2) is supported on the lower part (103) of a housing (101) of the door hinge (100), in which they are accommodated.
11. Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, having a vehicle body and a vehicle door and having at least one door hinge (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the door hinge (100) is accommodated between a pillar console (120) for fastening the door hinge (100) to the vehicle body and a door console (110) for fastening the door hinge (100) to the vehicle door, wherein the vehicle door is pivotable relative to the pillar console (120).

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