EP3322523A1 - Production stabilisee de 1,3-butadiène en présence d'un oxyde de tantale dope par un element aldolisant - Google Patents
Production stabilisee de 1,3-butadiène en présence d'un oxyde de tantale dope par un element aldolisantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3322523A1 EP3322523A1 EP16736076.7A EP16736076A EP3322523A1 EP 3322523 A1 EP3322523 A1 EP 3322523A1 EP 16736076 A EP16736076 A EP 16736076A EP 3322523 A1 EP3322523 A1 EP 3322523A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- mass
- tantalum
- butadiene
- oxide matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/66—Silver or gold
- B01J23/68—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/682—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium, tantalum or polonium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/617—500-1000 m2/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/638—Pore volume more than 1.0 ml/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/12—Alkadienes
- C07C11/16—Alkadienes with four carbon atoms
- C07C11/167—1, 3-Butadiene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/10—Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/06—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/14—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of germanium, tin or lead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
- C07C2523/66—Silver or gold
- C07C2523/68—Silver or gold with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tatalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
Definitions
- Butadiene is widely used in the chemical industry especially as a reagent for the production of polymers.
- butadiene is almost entirely produced from steam cracking units of which it is a valuable by-product.
- the fluctuation in the price of oil and the ever greater demand for this chemical intermediary have made its price very volatile, which encourages a diversification of the means of supply.
- 1,3-butadiene can be produced from ethanol.
- Two processes have been industrialized on a large scale: the "S. K. Process” and the "Carbide Process”.
- 1,3-butadiene is produced from ethanol in one step, whereas in the "Carbide Process", 1,3-butadiene is produced in two steps: ethanol is first converted to acetaldehyde, then an ethanol-acetaldehyde mixture is converted to 1,3-butadiene.
- ethanol is first converted to acetaldehyde
- an ethanol-acetaldehyde mixture is converted to 1,3-butadiene.
- the main distinction between the catalysts involved in these processes is that one (SK Process) is capable of dehydrogenating ethanol to acetaldehyde while producing butadiene from the mixture so formed while the other is not and therefore requires a first dehydrogenation step on a specific catalyst.
- the most effective catalyst components for this butadiene production method are magnesium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, with butadiene selectivities of 50 to 69%, with niobium (or columbium) considered an unattractive element with selectivities of less than 40% (BB Corson, HE Jones, CE Welling, JA Hinckley, EE Stahly Ind. Eng Chem, 1950, 42 (2), pp 359-373).
- this property of the tantalum element is also one of the reasons which explains the difficulty encountered in maintaining the same selectivity throughout a catalytic cycle, a catalytic cycle corresponding to the time spent under load between two catalyst regeneration phases. Indeed, with the aging of the catalyst and its coking, the catalyst loses some of its active sites. The selectivity of the catalyst can be deeply affected, especially since not all the active sites involved are equivalent. In the case of this process where selectivity is the main factor affecting performance, the duration of a catalytic cycle, ie the period when the process is sufficiently selective to be economically viable, can thus be greatly reduced.
- the invention relates to a catalyst comprising, and preferably consisting of, at least the tantalum element, at least one aldolising element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin and mixtures thereof and at least one mesoporous oxide matrix comprising at least one oxide of an element X selected from silicon, titanium and their mixtures, the tantalum mass being between 0.1 and 30% of the mass of the matrix mesoporous oxide, the mass of aldolisant element being between 0.02 and 4% of the mass of the mesoporous oxide matrix and its use.
- the advantage of the invention is to maintain the high selectivity of the tantalum element for the production of butadiene from a mixture comprising at least ethanol via the addition of a co-element inherently low selective for butadiene production.
- the Applicant has in fact surprisingly discovered that a subtle combination of a preferentially aldolising element chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: magnesium, calcium, barium, lantane, cerium and tin, with tantalum makes it possible to compensate for the deselectivation of the catalyst.
- aldolisant element is understood to mean an element chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin.
- the aldolisant element is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin and mixtures thereof.
- the present invention relates to the combination, on the same catalyst, of the tantalum element with a metal element called aldolisant element, chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin, in a process for producing butadiene from a filler comprising at least ethanol.
- a metal element called aldolisant element chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin, in a process for producing butadiene from a filler comprising at least ethanol.
- the invention relates to a catalyst, used for the production of butadiene from a filler comprising at least ethanol, comprising at least the tantalum element associated with at least one aldolising element and at least one mesoporous oxide matrix, said aldolisant element, also called co-element, being chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin, preferably in the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium and tin and mixtures thereof, preferably in the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Ba, Ce and Sn and mixtures thereof.
- said aldolising element is selected from the group consisting of calcium and barium and mixtures thereof.
- the catalyst according to the invention comprises a tantalum mass of between 0, 1 and 30%, preferably between 0.3 and 10%, preferably between 0.5 and 5% and very preferably between 0, 5 and 2% of the mass of the mesoporous oxide matrix.
- the catalyst according to the invention comprises a co-element mass of between 0.02 and 4%, preferably between 0.02 and 2%, preferably between 0.05 and 1% and very preferably between 0, 05 and 0.5% of the mass of the mesoporous oxide matrix.
- catalyst comprising an element A, the mass of the element A being comprised, or representing between, x and y% of the mass of the mesoporous oxide matrix, is understood to mean that said catalyst comprises between x and y parts by weight of said element A per 100 parts by weight of said mesoporous oxide matrix.
- the catalyst according to the invention also advantageously comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements from groups 1, 4, 5 of the periodic table and their mixtures, preferably from at least one element selected from the group consisting of the element Cs and the element Nb and their mixtures, and very preferably the element Nb, the mass of said element representing between 0.01 and 5%, preferably between 0.01 and 1%, preferably between 0.05 and 0.5% of the mass of the mesoporous oxide matrix.
- said catalyst according to the invention does not comprise Nb.
- the catalyst according to the invention advantageously also comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements of groups 11 and 12 of the periodic table and their mixtures, that is to say from the periodic table of elements, more preferably at least one element selected from the group 12 of the periodic table and even more preferably the element Zn, the mass of said element representing between 0.5 and 10%, and preferably between 1 and 5 % of the mass of said silica-based mesoporous oxide matrix.
- This arrangement is particularly advantageous in the case where the catalyst according to the invention is used in a one-step process, that is to say in a process treating a feed mainly comprising ethanol.
- the catalyst matrix according to the invention is mesoporous and comprises at least one oxide of an element X chosen from silicon, titanium and their mixtures.
- the element X is silicon.
- Said oxide matrix is mesoporous, that is to say that it is characterized by the presence of pores whose size varies between 2 and 50 nm according to the IUPAC classification (Sing, KSW, Everett, DH, W. Haul, RA, Moscow, L.
- said matrix may be mesostructured (that is to say have mesopores of uniform size and periodically distributed in said matrix) or hierarchically porous (presence of micropores and / or macropores additional to mesopores).
- the mesoporous oxide matrix constituting the catalyst according to the invention is a mesoporous amorphous silica with unorganized porosity without micropores.
- the matrix of the catalyst according to the invention comprises a silicon oxide (silica) having a specific surface area of 100 to 1200 m 2 / g, and preferably at least 400 m 2 / g, a mesoporous volume between 0.2 and 1.8 ml / g and preferably at least 0.6 ml / g and a mesopore diameter of between 4 and 50 nm and preferably at least 6 nm.
- a Davisil Grade 636 commercial silica SBET ⁇ 500 m 2 / g, Vp ⁇ 0.9 ml / g and ⁇ ⁇ 7 nm
- said matrix of the catalyst according to the invention does not undergo acid washing.
- silicon oxides also known as silicas, containing alkali metal contents expressed in% by weight of metal relative to the mass of the mesoporous matrix of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.5% by weight, are used. and very preferably less than 0.1% by weight.
- the catalyst according to the invention can be prepared according to the methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the tantalum element, the aldolising element, as well as the optional additional element constituting the catalyst according to the invention can therefore be introduced by any method known to those skilled in the art and at any stage of the preparation of the catalyst according to the invention. the invention.
- the tantalum element, the aldolising element, as well as the optional additional element of the catalyst according to the invention can be introduced by depositing the precursors associated with the surface of a preformed mesoporous oxide matrix.
- the latter can be commercial or well synthesized according to the methods known to those skilled in the art, in particular by using so-called "sol-gel” synthesis methods (see the definition below).
- so-called methods of dry impregnation, excess impregnation, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition or Chemical Vapor Deposition), CLD (Chemical Liquid Deposition or chemical deposition in liquid phase), etc. . can be used.
- synthesis methodologies used can be inorganic "traditional" synthesis methods (precipitation / gelation from salts under mild conditions of temperature and pressure) or "modern” metallo-organic (precipitation / gelation from alkoxides under mild conditions of temperature and pressure), the latter being easily referred to as “sol-gel” methods. It is also possible to use "sol-gel” methods combined with the use of specific synthetic methods such as spray-drying (also called atomization), dip-coating.
- a third option consists in introducing the tantalum element directly during the synthesis of the chosen mesoporous oxide matrix and the aldolisant co-element by deposition of at least one precursor associated with the surface of the mesoporous oxide matrix containing tantalum and vice versa.
- the optional additional element is introduced indifferently with the tantalum element or with the co-element aldolisant.
- the methods for ensuring the best dispersion of the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element, as well as any additional element are chosen in order to maximize the productivity and the selectivity of the catalyst according to the invention.
- the so-called dry impregnation method is preferred. No particular limitation exists as to the number of times that said dry impregnation step is repeated.
- the various steps can be carried out using one or more solvents or solvent mixture in which the precursors of the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element, as well as the element additional, are soluble.
- solvents may be polar / protic such as water, methanol or ethanol, polar / aprotic such as toluene or xylene or apolar / aprotic such as hexane.
- each of the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element and the optional additional element may be impregnated alone or co-impregnated with at least one of the other elements, the only limitation being the joint presence of the tantalum element and the aldolisant co-element at the end of the process for preparing the catalyst according to the invention.
- a preferred mode is to perform a first dry impregnation of the aldolisant co-element and then, consecutively, a second dry impregnation of the tantalum element.
- a typical dry impregnation step comprises, for example, the following operations:
- the process for preparing said catalyst according to the invention comprises, for example, example, the following operations:
- step (e) post-treatment (s)
- step (d) drying and calcination, or steaming, etc.) so as to obtain the catalyst used according to the invention.
- the precursor (s) of at least one of said X element chosen from silicon, titanium and their mixtures of the mesoporous oxide matrix used during the operation (a) can be all compound comprising the element X and able to release this element in solution in reactive form.
- the precursor (s) of at least one of said X element (s) considered may still be an oxide (s) or a hydroxide (s) of said element X.
- the silicic precursor may also advantageously be an alkoxide precursor of formula Si (OR) 4 .
- R ' H, methyl, ethyl and R' is an alkyl chain or an alkyl chain functionalized, for example by a thiol, amino, ⁇ diketone, sulfonic acid, a is between 0 and 4.
- a precursor The preferred silicic acid is tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS).
- the precursors of these elements are any compound comprising at least the tantalum element, the co-element or the possible additional element and can release this element in solution in reactive form.
- the precursors of at least the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element or the optional additional element are advantageously inorganic salts and alkoxide precursors.
- the inorganic salts are selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrates, sulfates, phosphates, hydroxides, carbonates, carboxylates, alcoholates, and combinations of two or more thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of chlorides, nitrates, carboxylates, alcoholates, and combinations of two or more thereof.
- the preferred precursors of tantalum are tantalum pentachloride and tantalum pentaethanoate which can be used with most organic solvents.
- the catalyst according to the invention may be shaped in the form of beads, pellets, granules, or extrudates (hollow or non-hollow cylinders, multilobed rolls with 2, 3, 4 or 5 lobes, for example, twisted rolls), or rings, etc., these shaping operations being performed by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- said catalyst used according to the invention is obtained in the form of extrudates with a size of between 1 and 10 mm.
- said materials obtained are then, for example introduced into equipment for rounding their surface, such as a bezel or other equipment allowing their spheronization.
- the catalyst according to the invention may optionally be mixed with at least one porous oxide material having the role of binder so as to generate the physical properties of the catalysts suitable for the process (mechanical strength, resistance to attrition, etc.).
- Said porous oxide material is preferably a porous oxide material chosen from the group formed by silica, magnesia, clays, titanium oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, boron phosphates and a mixture at least two of the oxides mentioned above. It is also possible to use titanates, for example titanates of zinc, nickel or cobalt. It is still possible to use simple, synthetic or natural clays of 2: 1 dioctahedral phyllosilicate or 3: 1 trioctahedral phyllosilicate such as kaolinite, antigorite, chrysotile, montmorillonnite, beidellite, vermiculite, talc , hectorite, saponite, laponite. These clays can be optionally delaminated. The various mixtures using at least two of the compounds mentioned above are also suitable for acting as binder.
- the binder used is silicic in nature.
- said silicic binder may be in the form of powders or colloidal solutions.
- said catalyst comprises from 5 to 60% by weight, and preferably from 10 to 30% by weight of silicic binder, the weight percentages being expressed relative to the total mass of said catalyst.
- at least one organic adjuvant is also mixed during said shaping step.
- Said organic adjuvant may advantageously be chosen from methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol.
- the proportion of said organic adjuvant is advantageously between 0 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0 and 10% by weight and preferably between 0 and 7% by weight, relative to the total weight of said shaped material.
- the introduction of the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element and the optional additional element is carried out as described above via a deposition of the precursors of these elements on the surface of the preformed mesoporous oxide matrix and placed in shape.
- a post-treatment step (s) ) (hydro) thermal (s) (drying and / or calcination, and / or steaming, etc.) is applied to obtain the catalyst according to the invention.
- the nitrogen volumetry corresponding to the physical adsorption of nitrogen molecules in the porosity of the catalyst according to the invention via a progressive increase of the pressure at constant temperature provides information on the textural characteristics (pore diameter, pore volume, surface specific) of the material used according to the invention. In particular, it provides access to the specific surface and the mesoporous distribution of the catalyst.
- Specific surface area is understood to mean the BET specific surface area (SBET in m 2 / g) determined by nitrogen adsorption according to the ASTM D 3663-78 standard established from the BRUNAUER-EMMETT-TELLER method described in the "The Journal of American Society ", 1938, 60, 309.
- Representative porous distribution of a mesopore population centered in a range of 2 to 50 nm is determined by the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda model (BJH).
- BJH Barrett-Joyner-Halenda model
- the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm according to the BJH model thus obtained is described in the periodical "The Journal of the American Society", 1951, 73, 373, written by EP Barrett, LG Joyner and PP Halenda.
- the diameter of the mesopores f of the oxide-based matrix (s) corresponds to the value of the maximum diameter read on the pore size distribution curve obtained from the adsorption branch of the the nitrogen isotherm.
- the shape of the nitrogen adsorption isotherm and the hysteresis loop can provide information on the nature of the mesoporosity and the presence of the possible microporosity of the catalyst according to the invention.
- the quantitative analysis of the microporosity of the inorganic material obtained according to the invention is carried out using methods "t” (method Lippens-De Boer, 1965) or "0Cs” (method proposed by Sing) that correspond to transformations of the starting adsorption isotherm as described in the book “Adsorption by powders and porous solids, Principles, methodology and applications” written by F. Rouquerol, J. Rouquerol and K. Sing, Academy Press, 1999. These methods allow to access in particular the value of the microporous volume characteristic of the microporosity of the catalyst according to the invention.
- the porous distribution measured by mercury porosimetry is determined by mercury porosimeter intrusion according to ASTM standard D4284-83 at a maximum pressure of 4000 bar (400 MPa), using a voltage of surface of 484 dyne / cm and a contact angle of 140 °.
- the angle of wetting was taken equal to 140 ° following the recommendations of the book "Techniques of the engineer, treated analysis and characterization, P 1050-5, written by Jean Charpin and Bernard Rasneur".
- the value at which the mercury fills all the intergranular voids is fixed at 0.2 MPa, and it is considered that, beyond this, the mercury enters the pores of the alumina.
- the value of the total pore volume corresponds to the value of the total pore volume measured by mercury porosimeter intrusion measured on the sample minus the value of the total pore volume measured by mercury porosimeter intrusion measured on the same sample for a pressure corresponding to 30 psi (about 0.2 MPa).
- the macroporous volume of the catalyst is defined as the cumulative volume of mercury introduced at a pressure of between 0.2 MPa and 30 MPa, corresponding to the volume contained in the pores with an apparent diameter greater than 50 nm.
- the mesoporous volume of the catalyst is defined as the cumulative volume of mercury introduced at a pressure of between 30 MPa and 400 MPa, corresponding to the volume contained in the pores with an apparent diameter of between 2 and 50 nm.
- Another subject of the invention is the use of a catalyst comprising at least the tantalum element, the aldolisant co-element and at least one mesosporous oxide matrix for converting a feedstock comprising at least ethanol into butadiene, results in significant performance benefits in terms of productivity and selectivity.
- the representative conditions for this reaction are a temperature of between 300 and 400 ° C., preferably between 320 ° C. and 380 ° C., a pressure of between 0.15 and 0.5 MPa, preferably between 0.15 and 0.3 MPa, a space velocity of between 0.5 and 5 h -1 , preferably between 1 and 4 h -1 and, in the case of the "two-step" process wherein the feedstock comprises ethanol and acetaldehyde, an ethanol acetaldehyde mass ratio of between 1 and 30, preferably between 2 and 10.
- the space velocity is defined as the ratio between the mass flow rate of feed and the mass of catalyst.
- the basic silicic carrier before the impregnation steps is the Davisil grade 636 silica product (SBET ⁇ 500 m 2 / g, Vp "0.9 ml / g and ⁇ " 7 nm, particle size: 200-500 microns).
- Tantalum pentaethoxide (Ta (OCH 2 CH 3 ) 5) (the amount of which is calculated from the content of Ta to be deposited on the support) is diluted in an ethanol solution (the amount of which is proportional to the pore volume silicic carrier). This solution is rapidly added dropwise and mixed with the silicic carrier until a wettability of the surface of the latter is observed (dry impregnation). The solid is then placed in a saturated ethanol atmosphere for 3 hours, dried at 100 ° C. for 24 hours. The catalyst is obtained by calcining the dried solid under air at 550 ° C. for 4 hours.
- the precursor of the element to be deposited is diluted in an aqueous solution the quantity of which is proportional to the pore volume of the silicic support. This solution is rapidly added dropwise to the silicic carrier until a wettability of the surface of the latter is observed (dry impregnation).
- the solid is then placed in an atmosphere saturated with water for 3 hours, dried at 100 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the catalyst is obtained by calcining the dried solid under air at 550 ° C. for 4 hours.
- the reactor used in the following examples consists of a stainless steel tube 20 cm long and 10 mm in diameter.
- the reactor is first loaded with carborundum and then with the catalyst diluted in carborundum and finally with carborundum.
- Carborundum is inert to the charge and does not affect catalytic results; it makes it possible to position the catalyst in the isothermal zone of the reactor and to limit the risks of problems of transfer of heat and material.
- the temperature of the reactor is controlled with a tubular furnace with three heating zones.
- the liquid feed (mixture of ethanol and acetaldehyde in a ratio R) is injected via a double piston HPLC pump.
- the liquid stream is vaporized in the heated lines by a tracer before entering the reactor and is homogenized by passing through a static mixer.
- the products formed during the reaction are maintained in the vapor phase for online analysis by gas chromatography (PONA capillary columns and Carboxen 1010) to allow the most accurate identification of the hundreds of products formed.
- the catalyst is activated in situ under nitrogen at the test temperature. The specific operating conditions are described in the following examples.
- the ethanol acetaldehyde ratio of the feedstock is set at 24 molar mol, the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to obtain a stable conversion of 45%.
- the carbon selectivity values are measured at this operating point after a time under load of 2 hours.
- the co-element (Ca, Ba, Ce, Mg, Sn), if not associated with tantalum, is not capable under the test conditions of selectively producing butadiene compared with the tantalum catalyst, but behaves mainly as an aldolization catalyst.
- the Ethanol / Acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 24 mol / mol, the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to obtain a stable conversion of 45%.
- the selectivity values are measured at this operating point after 2 and 48 hours of testing.
- catalyst Element Co-Element Element Selectivity Loss of main invention additional additional element in selectivity production of aldolizer 1 (% wt) 2 (% wt) butadiene to butadiene (% wt) initial butadiene
- the Ethanol / Acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 24 mol / mol, the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to achieve stable conversion
- the tantalum element seems to benefit from the contribution of the aldolisant co-element.
- the catalyst contains only another element of production of butadiene such as zirconium, the impact of the co-element is zero or negative.
- the ethanol acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 24 (mol / mol), the test start temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is set to achieve 45% conversion.
- the maintenance of the conversion is this time ensured by a regular increase of the temperature of the reactor.
- the selectivity values are measured after 5 and 72 hours of testing.
- the Ethanol / Acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 2.5 (mol / mol), the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to achieve a stable conversion of 25%.
- the carbon selectivity values are measured at this operating point after a 2 hour charge time.
- the co-element if not associated with tantalum, is not capable under the test conditions of selectively producing butadiene compared to the tantalum catalyst, but behaves primarily as an aldol catalyst.
- the Ethanol / Acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 2.5 (mol / mol), the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to obtain a stable conversion of 44%.
- the carbon selectivity values are measured at this operating point after a time under load of 2 and 48 hours.
- the Ethanol / Acetaldehyde ratio of the feed is set at 2.5 (mol / mol), the temperature at 350 ° C. and the pressure at 1.5 bar.
- the feed rate is adjusted to achieve a stable conversion of 35%.
- the selectivity values are measured at this operating point after a load time of 5 and 72 hours.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1556663A FR3038852B1 (fr) | 2015-07-13 | 2015-07-13 | Production stabilisee de 1,3-butadiene en presence d'un oxyde de tantale dope par un element aldolisant |
| PCT/EP2016/065822 WO2017009106A1 (fr) | 2015-07-13 | 2016-07-05 | Production stabilisee de 1,3-butadiène en présence d'un oxyde de tantale dope par un element aldolisant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3322523A1 true EP3322523A1 (fr) | 2018-05-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16736076.7A Pending EP3322523A1 (fr) | 2015-07-13 | 2016-07-05 | Production stabilisee de 1,3-butadiène en présence d'un oxyde de tantale dope par un element aldolisant |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10975000B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3322523A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3038852B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2723553C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017009106A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201910754D0 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-11 | Lucite Int Uk Ltd | A catalyst and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters |
| UA130254C2 (uk) * | 2019-09-16 | 2025-12-31 | Сінтос Дворі 7 Сполка З Огранічона Одповедзяльнощча | Нанесений танталовий каталізатор для виробництва 1,3-бутадієну |
| CA3214013A1 (fr) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-06 | Ewelina JANKOWIAK | Utilisation d'un systeme catalyseur dans la production de 1,3-butadiene a partir d'ethanol en deux etapes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3895049A (en) * | 1972-08-25 | 1975-07-15 | Ube Industries | Catalyst and process for oxidation or ammoxidation of olefin mixture |
| KR101152768B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-06-18 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 에탄올로부터 1,3-부타디엔 제조를 위한 나노 실리카계 촉매 및 이를 이용한 1,3-부타디엔의 제조방법 |
| RU2440962C1 (ru) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-01-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "УНИСИТ" (ООО "УНИСИТ") | Одностадийный способ получения бутадиена |
| WO2013125389A1 (fr) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-08-29 | 株式会社ダイセル | Procédé de production de 1,3-butadiène |
| KR101440002B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-09-12 | 한국화학연구원 | 에탄올로부터 1,3-부타디엔 제조를 위한, 탄탈라계 복합금속산화물이 담지된 성형실리카계 촉매 및 이를 이용한 1,3-부타디엔의 제조방법 |
| KR101589140B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-19 | 2016-01-28 | 한국화학연구원 | 에탄올로부터 1,3-부타디엔 제조를 위한 규칙적인 메조세공 실리카계 촉매 및 이를 이용한 1,3-부타디엔의 제조방법 |
| WO2014061917A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-24 | 한국화학연구원 | Catalyseur à base de silice mésoporeuse régulière pour préparer du 1,3-butadiène à partir d'éthanol et procédé de préparation de 1,3-butadiène l'employant |
-
2015
- 2015-07-13 FR FR1556663A patent/FR3038852B1/fr active Active
-
2016
- 2016-07-05 EP EP16736076.7A patent/EP3322523A1/fr active Pending
- 2016-07-05 RU RU2018105092A patent/RU2723553C2/ru active
- 2016-07-05 WO PCT/EP2016/065822 patent/WO2017009106A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2016-07-05 US US15/744,266 patent/US10975000B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2018105092A (ru) | 2019-08-13 |
| WO2017009106A1 (fr) | 2017-01-19 |
| US10975000B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
| RU2018105092A3 (fr) | 2019-11-28 |
| US20180201553A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
| RU2723553C2 (ru) | 2020-06-16 |
| FR3038852B1 (fr) | 2019-11-29 |
| FR3038852A1 (fr) | 2017-01-20 |
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