EP3321423B1 - Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre. - Google Patents

Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3321423B1
EP3321423B1 EP16198175.8A EP16198175A EP3321423B1 EP 3321423 B1 EP3321423 B1 EP 3321423B1 EP 16198175 A EP16198175 A EP 16198175A EP 3321423 B1 EP3321423 B1 EP 3321423B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground
anchor
pull element
anchor body
tension element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16198175.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3321423A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulli Wiedenmann
Josef Mair
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH filed Critical Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority to EP16198175.8A priority Critical patent/EP3321423B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2017/071642 priority patent/WO2018086781A1/fr
Publication of EP3321423A1 publication Critical patent/EP3321423A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3321423B1 publication Critical patent/EP3321423B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to a floor anchor for an anchor arrangement in the floor, with an elongated tension element, to which an anchor body can be firmly connected at a floor-side anchoring section, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method for anchoring a floor anchor in the ground, in which a hole is made in the floor, the floor anchor is at least partially introduced into the hole, and an anchor body is then formed on a floor-side anchoring section of an elongated tension element of the floor anchor, according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • Anchor arrangements with ground anchors are used, for example, when anchoring pit walls in the existing ground.
  • the anchor arrangement enables the compressive forces applied to a wall of the excavation pit to be diverted into the rear floor.
  • a hole is first made through the excavation support wall into the rear floor.
  • the hole can be a length of up to 10 m and more.
  • a ground anchor with an elongated tension element made of a steel material is inserted into the bore.
  • An anchoring body is created on a floor-side anchoring section of the tension element by introducing a settable mass into the floor, which is firmly connected to the tension element and the floor after the setting.
  • a tendon can be attached, in particular screwed, to a free head element of the ground anchor.
  • the tensioning element lies against the excavation support wall and can thus apply any compressive forces to the rear floor via the tension element.
  • ground anchors In certain cases it is desirable to dismantle the ground anchors, for example when closing the construction pit. This can be necessary for environmental reasons, for example, if as few residues as possible are to remain in the ground after completion of the construction work, or if the anchors represent obstacles in the adjacent properties. Furthermore, recovery of at least parts of the ground anchor is also resource-saving.
  • ground anchors which are also called expansion anchors.
  • a ground anchor with a tension element which is formed at least in regions from a special ferromagnetic material.
  • the traction element can be heated in a certain section above the Curie temperature of the steel material by means of an electrical heating device, so that the strength of the traction element in the separating section is reduced.
  • the tensile element is separated in the separating section. The separated part of the tension element can be removed from the ground.
  • Such a generic ground anchor is costly to manufacture due to the use of special steels.
  • the tensile element is broken up when it is released and thus partially destroyed.
  • a metallic section remains in the ground.
  • very high temperatures of up to 1000 ° C. and more are necessary for heating metal to a Curie temperature, which requires a correspondingly high energy input.
  • the provision of a correspondingly high amount of electricity at a construction site is often difficult and also problematic from the point of view of occupational safety.
  • tension elements of floor anchors with mechanical separating elements, for example with threaded sections.
  • mechanical separating sections are, however, complex to manufacture and lead to increased costs.
  • detachable thread sections often limit the maximum tensile load that can be applied.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a ground anchor and a method for anchoring with which anchoring is possible in a simple and efficient manner, while at the same time maintaining the possibility of simple detachment.
  • connection with the tension element is formed with a connecting material which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature, the connection being releasable at a predetermined release temperature which differs from the ambient temperature.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to provide a special connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, which considerably reduces its strength at an intended release temperature and so the tension element can be released from the anchor body. It is thus fundamentally possible to completely separate the tension element from the anchor body, so that it can be removed from the floor, preferably with no residues, with an intended release force.
  • the connecting material thus represents an intermediate element between the anchor body, which remains in the ground, and the elongated metallic tension element. When the tension element is completely released, it can be used again later a different anchor arrangement can be used, which considerably reduces the material expenditure and thus the costs for anchoring.
  • a temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the dissolving temperature should preferably be at least 100 ° C or more.
  • the dissolving temperature is preferably achieved by heating. In principle, it is also possible to provide a colder dissolving temperature which is below the ambient temperature.
  • the heating device is to be understood as a cooling device with which a cooling medium is supplied.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that conventional tension elements and floor anchors can be used without these themselves having to be constructed from special materials or steels.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the connecting material has a plastic material and / or a metallic material which melts or decomposes at the release temperature.
  • any suitable plastic material can be used for this purpose, which ensures a firm connection between the metallic tension element and the anchoring body at ambient temperatures, which is usually formed from a concrete material.
  • a metal such as tin, or a metallic alloy can also be provided.
  • a mixture of plastic and a metallic material can also be expedient.
  • the connecting material is a polyamide, in particular PA6-I Ultramid B3L.
  • Polyamide is a polymer that allows a good connection between different materials. Polyamide also provides high strength under ambient conditions, i.e. at a temperature of 23 ° C. When the temperature is increased to around 200 ° C, the strength decreases many times over. In a temperature range from approx. 270 ° C, polyamide melts and can decompose at even higher temperatures.
  • a particularly preferred choice of material is the plastic PA6-I Ultramid B3L, which can be obtained from BASF AG. Ultramid is a registered trademark of BASF AG. This material has a tensile strength of 70 MPa at 23 ° C. After tests on a cylindrical tension element with an outer diameter of 1.5 cm with a sleeve-shaped arrangement of the plastic material around the tension element with a wall thickness of 1 cm and an attachment length of 10 cm, the transfer of holding forces of over 98100 N, i.e. a load of about 10 t enables. With a corresponding increase in the connection length of the plastic sleeve to the tension element, even greater tensile and holding forces can be absorbed at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C.
  • the loosening force may be further reduced.
  • heating of such a body made of this plastic material could be achieved relatively quickly, even with a limited heating output of 2000 W.
  • the solution temperature can be reached within less than 10 s. Even in the case of strongly heat-dissipating soil conditions, for example in the presence of water, heating-up times of significantly less than 1 minute can be achieved until loosening is possible with the desired low loosening force.
  • the connecting material is designed as a sleeve, which at least on the bottom side Anchoring section of the tension element is firmly applied.
  • the application can take place in any manner, for example by casting on or in a mechanical manner by pressing.
  • the attachment of a sleeve-shaped connecting material can additionally be supported by means of mechanical stops or molded elements on the tension element and / or on the anchoring body and / or the sleeve body.
  • the heating device is provided at least in the base-side anchoring section of the tension element. This allows a targeted heating of the anchoring section if loosening is desired.
  • the heating device can be designed in any manner.
  • a particularly efficient embodiment is achieved in that the heating device is designed as an electrical heating device.
  • the heating device can have a heating coil in the region of the anchoring section.
  • a particularly simple embodiment can be achieved in that the metallic tension element is used overall as an electrical resistance element for generating electrical heat.
  • an electrical outgoing or return line can be provided in an interior of the tubular tension element.
  • a voltage can thus be applied between two end regions of the tension element, so that a current flows through the tension element at least in sections. This flowing current leads to a corresponding heat generation due to the electrical resistance of the tension element.
  • the tension element can be a tension rod or a tension rope made of a steel material.
  • An inductive heating device can also be provided with an induction coil which has a metallic heating element inductively.
  • the heating element can be embedded in the connecting material.
  • the floor anchor according to the invention is characterized in that at least on the floor-side anchoring section for anchoring to the anchor body, a connecting material is attached which firmly connects the tension element to the anchor body at ambient temperature and the connection to the anchor body is detachable at a predetermined release temperature, which differs from the ambient temperature different.
  • the floor anchor is provided in particular for the anchor arrangement described above. With the ground anchor according to the invention in particular the advantages described above can be achieved.
  • the ground anchor can also be called a removal anchor.
  • the floor anchor can preferably be designed as a grout anchor or a so-called Gewi anchor.
  • the invention is characterized in that at least on the base-side anchoring section of the tension element, a connecting material is attached, which connects the tension element firmly to the anchor body at ambient temperature, that in order to remove the tension element from the floor, at least the bottom-side anchorage section is brought to a release temperature, in which the connection to the anchor body is released and that the tension element is pulled out of the ground.
  • the drilling can be done with a separate drilling tool or by the ground anchor itself.
  • the method according to the invention can in particular be carried out with the previously described floor anchor and the previously described anchor arrangement.
  • loosening the tension element from the anchor body means reaching a considerably reduced strength of the connecting material between the anchor body and the tension element, so that the tension element can be pulled from the anchor body and the floor with a defined release force.
  • a preferred method variant of the invention consists in that the anchor body is introduced into the ground by introducing a hardenable anchoring compound via a feed line along the tension element, the hardenable compound hardening to form the anchor body.
  • the method can be carried out as previously known anchoring methods.
  • the connecting material is applied in any manner, preferably in a sleeve shape, at least to the base-side anchoring section.
  • the flowable anchoring compound is introduced into the region of the bottom-side anchoring section on the tension element via a feed line.
  • a preferably provided pressure application enables the anchoring compound to penetrate into deeper, radially spaced floor areas, so that a relatively large anchoring body is formed in the floor.
  • the curable Mass can in particular be a concrete mass or some other mass with a cement paste.
  • the anchoring section of the tension element can be heated in any manner. Heating could be accomplished via a burner or by chemically generating the thermal energy. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly efficient for the at least bottom-side anchoring section of the tension element to be heated by means of an electrical heating device. Corresponding connections for an electrical energy source can be provided at the free end of the tension element.
  • the electrical heating device is preferably formed directly by the tension element and / or is only provided on the anchoring section of the tension element.
  • the invention is preferably used to support excavation pit walls.
  • the floor anchor according to the invention can also be used for other purposes, for example in slope stabilization, in tunnels, on floor slabs, etc.
  • a rod-shaped floor anchor 20 is introduced into a bore 7 in the floor 5.
  • the bore 7 can be created by a separate drilling tool or directly through the ground anchor 20 when it is introduced into the ground 5.
  • the floor anchor 20 has a rod-shaped, elongated tension element 22, on the bottom end region of which an anchoring section 24 is arranged.
  • a sleeve 18 is formed from a connecting material 16 along the anchoring section 24.
  • the connecting material 16 is a in the present embodiment special polymer, especially Ultramid.
  • the sleeve 18 represents a connecting element which connects the tension element 22 to an outer annular anchoring body 12.
  • the anchoring body 12 is formed by introducing or injecting a hardenable mass from a surface 6 of the base 5 along the tension element 22 via a feed line.
  • a flowable concrete suspension can be used as an anchoring compound, which hardens after injection into the anchor body 12.
  • the anchor body 12 is fixedly connected to the anchoring section 24 of the tension element 22 under normal ambient conditions via the sleeve 18.
  • the ambient temperature is specified at 23 ° C., the strength values generally also valid for temperatures down to 0 ° C. and below.
  • a tensioning member 26 can be applied, for example via a threaded connection.
  • the tensioning member 26 can thus absorb compressive forces acting on the surface 6 of the floor 5, such as those that arise on construction pit walls, and dissipate them via the tension element 22 and the anchor body 12 into rear areas of the floor 5.
  • the tension element 22 can have a length of several meters, in particular up to 15 m and longer.
  • the floor anchor 20 can be pulled out of the floor 5 in a simple manner, as in FIG Fig. 2 is shown.
  • the tension element 22 of the floor anchor 20 is heated from the ambient temperature to a release temperature of, for example, 220 ° C., at least in the area of the anchoring section 24, by means of a heating device (not shown).
  • the heating device can be an electrical heating coil or the metallic tension element 22 itself, electrical energy being supplied from a surface 6 of the base 5 via line connections (not shown).
  • the strength of the connecting material 16 decreases considerably, approximately to 10% of the original strength at ambient temperature.
  • a release or pull-out force is applied in a defined manner, the sleeve 18 made of the polymer or connecting material 16 is destroyed.
  • Connecting material 16 can remain on an inner side of the annular anchor body 12 as well as on an outer side of the tension element 22.
  • the tension element 22 detached from the anchor body 12 can thus be pulled out of the base 5 relatively easily.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ancrage dans le sol pour un arrangement d'ancrage (10) dans le sol, avec un élément de traction (22) allongé, au niveau duquel un corps d'ancrage (12) peut être relié fixement à une partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un matériau de liaison (16), lequel relie fixement l'élément de traction (22) au corps d'ancrage (12) à température ambiante, est placé au moins au niveau de la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol destinée à être ancrée au corps d'ancrage (12) et la liaison au corps d'ancrage (12) peut être libérée à une température de libération prédéfinie, laquelle se différencie de la température ambiante.
  2. Ancrage dans le sol selon la revendication 1
    caractérisé en ce que
    le matériau de liaison (16) présente un matériau synthétique et/ou un matériau métallique, lequel fond ou se décompose à la température de libération.
  3. Ancrage dans le sol selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le matériau de liaison (16) est un polyamide, en particulier du PA6-I Ultramid B3L.
  4. Ancrage dans le sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le matériau de liaison (16) est réalisé sous la forme d'un manchon (18), lequel est appliqué fixement au moins sur la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol de l'élément de traction (22).
  5. Ancrage dans le sol selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un dispositif de chauffage est prévu au moins dans la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol de l'élément de traction (22).
  6. Ancrage dans le sol selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de chauffage est réalisé sous la forme d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique.
  7. Arrangement d'ancrage dans le sol (5), avec un ancrage dans le sol (20) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de traction allongé (22), est introduit dans un trou (7) dans le sol (5),
    le corps d'ancrage (12), lequel présente un diamètre extérieur supérieur à celui de l'élément de traction (22), étant relié à l'élément de traction (22) au niveau de la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol,
    en ce que l'ancrage dans le sol (20) comporte un dispositif de chauffage pour la libération de l'élément de traction (22), et
    en ce que la liaison à l'élément de traction (22) est formée avec le matériau de liaison (16), lequel relie fixement l'élément de traction (22) au corps d'ancrage (12) à température ambiante, la liaison pouvant être libérée à une température de libération prédéfinie, laquelle se différencie de la température ambiante.
  8. Procédé d'ancrage d'un ancrage dans le sol (20) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 dans le sol (5),
    selon lequel un trou (7) est établi dans le sol (5),
    - l'ancrage dans le sol (20) est introduit au moins en partie dans le trou (7) et
    - un corps d'ancrage (12) est ensuite formé au niveau d'une partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol d'un élément de traction allongé (22) de l'ancrage dans le sol (20),
    caractérisé
    - en ce qu'un matériau de liaison (16), lequel relie fixement l'élément de traction (22) au corps d'ancrage (12) à température ambiante, est placé au moins au niveau de la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol de l'élément de traction (22),
    - en ce que pour retirer l'élément de traction (22) du sol (5), au moins la partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol est amenée à une température de libération, à laquelle la liaison au corps d'ancrage (12) se libère, et
    - en ce que l'élément de traction (22) est tiré du sol (5).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps d'ancrage (12) est introduit dans le sol (5) par introduction d'une matière d'ancrage durcissable par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite d'amenée le long de l'élément de traction (22), dans lequel la matière durcissable durcit en le corps d'ancrage (12).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le chauffage de l'au moins partie d'ancrage (24) côté sol de l'élément de traction (22) s'effectue au moyen d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique.
EP16198175.8A 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre. Active EP3321423B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16198175.8A EP3321423B1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre.
PCT/EP2017/071642 WO2018086781A1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2017-08-29 Dispositif d'ancrage dans le sol, élément d'ancrage dans le sol et procédé d'ancrage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16198175.8A EP3321423B1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3321423A1 EP3321423A1 (fr) 2018-05-16
EP3321423B1 true EP3321423B1 (fr) 2020-01-08

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EP16198175.8A Active EP3321423B1 (fr) 2016-11-10 2016-11-10 Arrangement d'ancrage dans la terre, fondez l'ancre et la procédure pour jeter l'ancre.

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EP (1) EP3321423B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018086781A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110206031B (zh) * 2019-05-08 2020-10-16 江苏科技大学 一种温度响应自紧锚杆及其施工方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH603915A5 (en) 1977-03-09 1978-08-31 Sommer Schenk Ag Swimming pool cleaning machine
CH681835A5 (fr) 1992-08-17 1993-05-28 Toni Baer
DE19500091C1 (de) 1995-01-04 1996-04-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Sollbruchstelle an einem Zugglied für einen Verpreßanker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018086781A1 (fr) 2018-05-17
EP3321423A1 (fr) 2018-05-16

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