EP3320190A1 - Verfahren zur steuerung eines abwärmenutzungssystems für eine brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zur steuerung eines abwärmenutzungssystems für eine brennkraftmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3320190A1 EP3320190A1 EP16740953.1A EP16740953A EP3320190A1 EP 3320190 A1 EP3320190 A1 EP 3320190A1 EP 16740953 A EP16740953 A EP 16740953A EP 3320190 A1 EP3320190 A1 EP 3320190A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- expander
- operating mode
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- waste heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
- F01K23/14—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled including at least one combustion engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, wherein the waste heat recovery system at least one torque to the engine transferable and bypassable via a bypass flow expander, at least one evaporator and at least one pump for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator is arranged in the region of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, wherein the expander operable in a plurality of operating modes is drive-connected in at least one operating mode with a secondary drive shaft of the internal combustion engine, and selected on the basis of at least one input variables in each case an operating mode of at least two operating modes of the waste heat recovery system by the controller is and the waste heat recovery system, preferably by controlling at least one arranged in a bypass flow path of the expander Umgehungsve ntils of the expander, is operated in this operating mode.
- the invention further relates to a waste heat utilization system for a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine via a drive train, with a control device for controlling the waste heat recovery system, wherein the waste heat recovery system at least one torque to the internal combustion engine and bypassable via a bypass flow expander, at least one evaporator and at least one pump for a resource, in particular ethanol, and wherein at least the evaporator in the region of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine is arranged, wherein the operable in a plurality of operating modes expander is drivingly connected in at least one operating mode with a PTO shaft of the internal combustion engine and due to at least one input by the control device in each case an operating mode of at least two operating modes of the expander can be selected, and the expander - preferably by controlling at least one in a bypass flow path of the expander arranged bypass valve - is operable in this mode of operation.
- WHR Wash Heat Recovery
- WHR systems convert the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine into, for example, mechanical or electrical energy.
- WHR systems are known, for example, from the publication US 8 635 871 AI, US 2011/0209473 AI or US 2013/0186087 AI known.
- WO 2006/138459 A2 discloses an organic Rankine cycle which is mechanically and thermally coupled to an internal combustion engine.
- the drive shaft of the internal combustion engine is coupled to a turbine of a waste heat recovery system, which removes waste heat of the intake air, the coolant, the oil and the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
- Bypass valves control the engine temperature.
- pressure conditions, speeds and temperatures of the turbine various system parameters, in particular the turbine pressure ratio can be controlled via bypass valves via a control unit.
- an overflow clutch is provided, which allows rotation of the internal combustion engine without simultaneously driving the turbine.
- US 2009/0071156 A1 shows a waste heat recovery device which has a Rankine cycle with a compressor and an expander, wherein the expander can be bypassed via a bypass line.
- a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor Upstream of the turbine, a temperature sensor is arranged.
- a pressure sensor Downstream of the turbine, a pressure sensor is arranged.
- the speed of the expansion device is regulated.
- a mechanical connection of the expansion device with the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine is not provided.
- the object of the invention is to ensure a safe and reliable operation of the waste heat recovery system.
- this is achieved by selecting the input variable from the group expander speed, gear information, coasting information, pressure and temperature of the equipment upstream of the expander and / or pressure and temperature downstream of the expander by the control device, wherein a first operating mode of a warm-up phase of the expander, and a second operating mode associated with a normal operating phase of the expander is opened, wherein in the first operating mode, the bypass flow path is opened and the expander is not connected to a PTO of the internal combustion engine, and wherein in the second operating mode, the bypass flow path is closed and the expander is connected to the internal combustion engine, the second operating mode is selected when the pressure and / or the temperature of the equipment downstream of the expander exceeds a defined value. Conversely, it is possible to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode when the pressure and / or the temperature of the operating means downstream and / or upstream of the expander exceeds a defined value.
- the bypass valve In the first operating mode, the bypass valve is opened, the starting device is deactivated. The equipment is thus passed past the expander, whereby the expander generates no torque. In the second operating mode, the bypass valve is closed, the starting device also deactivated. When the bypass valve is closed, the operating medium flows through the expander, which makes this work.
- a third operating mode is associated with at least one gear change phase.
- the waste heat recovery system is operated in response to the shift direction in this third mode of operation.
- the position of the bypass valve depends on the switching operation, in particular on the direction of the switching operation.
- the bypass flowpath of the expander remains closed and the power takeoff shaft is driven by the expander.
- the bypass flowpath of the expander is opened and / or the expander is disconnected from the power takeoff shaft.
- the gear information in particular whether a downshift or an upshift is present, is supplied to the control device by a gearbox sensor of the transmission.
- the waste heat utilization system is operated in a fourth operating mode during at least one sailing operation of the vehicle, during at least one warm-up operation of the internal combustion engine and / or during at least one engine brake operation of the internal combustion engine. It is particularly advantageous if, in the fourth operating mode, the expander is not disconnected from the auxiliary drive shaft. Preferably, the expander of the secondary drive shaft is not separated until the torque of the expander falls below a defined value. Sailing operation is a torque-free operation of the vehicle understood in which the clutch between the engine and transmission is opened to reduce the resistance in the drive train.
- the control unit of the transmission or the clutch is communicated by means of Ausroll so.
- the centrifugal clutch (overrunning clutch) separates the expander from the PTO shaft when the PTO shaft speed becomes higher than the speed of the expander. This is not possible to start the expander by the internal combustion engine.
- a fifth operating mode for the start of the expander is provided.
- the waste heat utilization system is operated in the fifth operating mode, which provides that the expander is started by activating a starting device connected to the expander.
- the expander In the first operating mode and / or with an inactive heat utilization system, the expander is bypassed via the bypass flow path and / or disconnected (by the shiftable clutch or centrifugal clutch) from the power take-off shaft when the bypass valve is open.
- the bypass flow path of the expander be closed when the waste heat recovery system resource is in an overheated condition.
- a shiftable clutch between the secondary drive shaft and expander may additionally be provided that the expander is drivingly connected to the PTO shaft when the resources of the waste heat recovery system downstream of the expander is in an overheated state and / or if the Expanderwindiere exceeds a defined value and / or the speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a defined value.
- the expander When the waste heat recovery system resource is in a non-overheated condition upstream of the expander, or when the engine is shut down, the expander may be disconnected from the power take off shaft without the risk of exceeding a critical speed.
- FIG. 1 shows a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine with a control device according to the invention in a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows the operating modes of this control device
- FIG. 3 shows a waste heat utilization system for an internal combustion engine with a control device according to the invention in a second embodiment variant
- FIG. 1 and 3 each show an internal combustion engine 10 with an exhaust system 11, in which an exhaust aftertreatment device 12 - for example a diesel oxidation catalyst 12, a diesel particulate filter 12b and an SCR catalytic converter 12c (SCR - selective catalytic reduction) - is arranged.
- the internal combustion engine 10 has a drive train 13 with a crankshaft 14, a clutch 15 and a (gear) transmission 16, which acts on the drive shaft 17 of the drive wheels 18.
- the internal combustion engine 10 has a waste heat utilization system 20 for utilizing the exhaust gas values of the exhaust system 11 of the internal combustion engine 10.
- the waste heat utilization system 20 has an evaporator 21, which is arranged downstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 12 in the region of the exhaust system 11.
- the example according to the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) functioning waste heat recovery system 20 has downstream of the evaporator 21 in the resource cycle an expander 22 and a condenser 23, and a pump 24 for the resource.
- a resource for example, ethanol can be used.
- an environmental conduit 25 with a bypass valve 26 is provided.
- the evaporator 21 can be bypassed on the exhaust side via a bypass line 36 and a bypass valve 37, when the exhaust heat for the evaporator 21 is too high, or the system pressure exceeds a defined value, or the cooling system is excessively loaded, or the waste heat recovery system 20 is in a failure mode , or in pure engine operation, without engine brake.
- the activation of the bypass valve 37 takes place as a function of at least one of the operating parameters. meter from the group of fan power, system pressure, system temperature and mass flow of the equipment.
- a control device 30 For controlling the waste heat utilization system 20, a control device 30 is provided which has a program logic 31 which is designed to select the most suitable operating mode from the plurality of operating modes 1 to 4 or 1 to 5 for the operation of the waste heat recovery system 20.
- the selection of the most suitable operating mode takes place on the basis of at least one of the input variables of the control device 30, namely: Expanderfeliere n, gear information Gl, Ausrollinformation CI, pressure pi, temperature Ti of the resource upstream of the expander 22, and the pressure p 2 , and the temperature T 2 of the resource downstream of the expander 22.
- pressure sensors 32, 33 and temperature sensors 34, 35 are provided upstream and downstream of the expander 22 in the resource cycle of the waste heat recovery system 20.
- the pressure sensors 32, 33 and temperature sensors 34, 35 are in communication with the control device 30.
- the gear information Gl and Ausrollinforation CI are provided, for example, from suitable donors in the transmission 16 of the control device 30.
- the expander 22 is connected to the auxiliary drive shaft 19 of the internal combustion engine 10 via a shiftable clutch 28.
- the switchable clutch 28 is controlled by the controller 30. It makes it possible to start the expander 22 via the internal combustion engine 10 by closing the clutch 28.
- First mode of operation 1 is performed during the warm-up phase of the expander 22;
- the bypass valve 26 is opened, so that the operating medium is guided past the expander 22.
- This operating mode 2 is assigned to the normal operation of the expander 22. As soon as the pressure p 2 and / or the temperature T 2 of the operating medium downstream of the expander 22 exceeds a defined value or defined values, the operating mode 2 is activated.
- This operation mode 3 is for gear change operations of the transmission 16.
- the bypass valve 26 is closed.
- the PTO shaft 19 is driven by the expander 22 and the torque of the expander 22 is used, while the rotational speed of the crankshaft 14 of the internal combustion engine 10 and the rotational speed of the transmission 16 are synchronized.
- the clutch 15 is open. Thereby, the amount of fuel for acceleration of the internal combustion engine 10 can be reduced. Furthermore, during the switching process, a certain engine speed can be maintained. Thus, the exhaust heat can be used downstream of the exhaust aftertreatment device 12 for bridging torque drops during switching breaks.
- bypass valve 26 of the expander 22 is opened and - with switchable clutch 28 - the expander 22 separated by opening the switchable clutch 28 of the PTO shaft 19. This avoids that torque is transmitted from the expander 22 to the internal combustion engine 10.
- This operating mode 4 is used during the sailing operation, the warm-up operation, and / or the engine braking operation of the internal combustion engine 10.
- the vehicle rolls without torque transmission between internal combustion engine 10 and drive wheels 18, generally with the clutch 15 open.
- the bypass valve 26 is closed in operating mode 4 in order to transmit torque from the expander 22 to the internal combustion engine 10.
- the clutch 15 may be closed until the torque of the expander 22 falls below a defined value.
- the second embodiment variant shown in FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 1 in that, instead of the shiftable clutch 28, an overrunning clutch 29a and a centrifugal braking device 29b are provided for connecting the expander 22 to the auxiliary drive shaft 19 of the internal combustion engine 10.
- the controller 30 may perform a fifth operation mode 5 in addition to the above-mentioned operation modes 1 to 4 to start the expander 22 with an internal or external starting device 27 (see FIGS. 3, 4).
- the control device 30 provides special security measures.
- the bypass valve 26 is closed only sen when the resource is in an overheated state, so for example when the resource ethanol is in the gas phase.
- Another safety measure is that the bypass valve 26 is opened when a gear shift to a higher gear is performed.
- overrunning clutch 29a and centrifugal brake device 29b no further steps are required.
- bypass valve 26 and the switchable coupling 28 are closed only when the equipment is in an overheated state, that is, for example, when the resource ethanol is in gas phase.
- the bypass valve 26, and the switchable clutch 28 are opened.
- the switchable clutch 28 is thus closed when the operating means is in an overheated state, or when the speed n of the expander 22 and / or the speed of the internal combustion engine 10 is above a defined value.
- the switchable clutch 28 is thus opened when the expander 22 is in a non-overheated condition.
- the clutch 28 is also then opened, and the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10 from an activated to a deactivated state in, so when the internal combustion engine 10 is turned off.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50608/2015A AT517911B1 (de) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | Verfahren und steuerung eines abwärmenutzungssystems für eine brennkraftmaschine |
PCT/AT2016/050246 WO2017008094A1 (de) | 2015-07-10 | 2016-07-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung eines abwärmenutzungssystems für eine brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3320190A1 true EP3320190A1 (de) | 2018-05-16 |
EP3320190B1 EP3320190B1 (de) | 2019-03-20 |
Family
ID=56463983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16740953.1A Active EP3320190B1 (de) | 2015-07-10 | 2016-07-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung eines abwärmenutzungssystems für eine brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10858961B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3320190B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN107896502B (de) |
AT (1) | AT517911B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017008094A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3069882A1 (fr) | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-08 | Exoes | Machine de detente volumetrique pour cycle de rankine, et procede de commande |
CN107893710A (zh) | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-10 | 朱珍珍 | 内燃机高效节能余热利用技术 |
CN110259925B (zh) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-12-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 车辆换挡装置、车辆及车辆换挡方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006138459A2 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-28 | Utc Power Corporation | Organic rankine cycle mechanically and thermally coupled to an engine driving a common load |
WO2008106774A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | Victor Juchymenko | Controlled organic rankine cycle system for recovery and conversion of thermal energy |
US7950230B2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2011-05-31 | Denso Corporation | Waste heat recovery apparatus |
JP4302759B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 廃熱利用装置 |
US7866157B2 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2011-01-11 | Cummins Inc. | Waste heat recovery system with constant power output |
US20110209473A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Jassin Fritz | System and method for waste heat recovery in exhaust gas recirculation |
US8919123B2 (en) | 2010-07-14 | 2014-12-30 | Mack Trucks, Inc. | Waste heat recovery system with partial recuperation |
DE102010052508A1 (de) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | Daimler Ag | Abwärmenutzungsvorrichtung |
CN103748347B (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-08-19 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 朗肯循环 |
US8893495B2 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-11-25 | Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. | Reversible waste heat recovery system and method |
-
2015
- 2015-07-10 AT ATA50608/2015A patent/AT517911B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2016
- 2016-07-11 CN CN201680040637.0A patent/CN107896502B/zh active Active
- 2016-07-11 US US15/743,184 patent/US10858961B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-11 EP EP16740953.1A patent/EP3320190B1/de active Active
- 2016-07-11 WO PCT/AT2016/050246 patent/WO2017008094A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107896502A (zh) | 2018-04-10 |
WO2017008094A1 (de) | 2017-01-19 |
US20200088069A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
US10858961B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
CN107896502B (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
AT517911B1 (de) | 2018-03-15 |
AT517911A1 (de) | 2017-05-15 |
EP3320190B1 (de) | 2019-03-20 |
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