Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
  • G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B24/00—Open-loop automatic control systems not otherwise provided for
  • G05B24/02—Open-loop automatic control systems not otherwise provided for electric
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
  • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
  • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
  • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
  • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
  • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method of controlling appliances and sources of electrical energy in distribution networks to optimize the production and consumption of electrical energy, in which the consumption and/or production of electrical energy is controlled by at least one control node with control software which is connected to a system for monitoring the distribution network and is further connected to controlled electrical devices and to sources of electrical energy, whereby the controlled electrical devices are lifting devices.
• the invention also relates to a system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption, which comprises at least one control node with control software, wherein the control node is connected to a system for monitoring the distributipn network and is also connected to a system of controlled electrical devices, which are connected to the distribution network, whereby the controlled electrical devices are lifting devices.
• Contemporary society is facing a number of problems caused by imbalance between momentary production and momentary consumption of electrical energy.
• the imbalance is primarily due to the fact that some types of sources of electrical energy production can only be regulated to a low extent, which is especially the case of photovoltaic power plants, wind power plants, plants based on biological sources of energy, etc., particularly as a result of sudden weather changes at the site of a wind power plant, of a photovoltaic power plant.
• Other factors of imbalances that arise between production and consumption of electrical energy include a sudden drop in consumption due to a sudden shutdown of consumers ' location, excess energy production, distribution network failures, etc.
• the disadvantage of electrical batteries is the fact that it is impossible to store very large amounts of power.
• the drawback of storing energy by means of compressed air is low efficiency, i.e. high losses.
• the disadvantage of pumped hydroelectric energy storage is the high price, construction and environmental demands and a long process of construction of such systems, which is feasible only at certain locations and not everywhere where it would be needed.
• the aim of the invention is to eliminate or at least to reduce the shortcomings of the background art, particularly to provide a system for optimizing the production and consumption of electric power, which allows controlled and efficient energy accumulation, as well as controlled and efficient supply of the accumulated energy.
• the aim of the invention is achieved by a method of controlling appliances and sources of electrical energy in distribution networks to optimize electrical energy production and consumption, whose principle consists in that the current operating status and height position of the loads of the individual lifting devices in the individual parts of the distribution network are continuously monitored and according to the current status of the distribution network a corresponding number of the individual lifting devices is intentially put into a controlled consumption mode or controlled power generation mode individually or in groups currently selected by the control node, thereby reducing fluctuations in the status of the distribution network.
• control node with control sofware is provided with means for monitoring the status of each of the controlled lifting devices and with means for putting a selectable lifting device or the formed groups of lifting devices in a controlled manner into an energy consumption mode or into a power generation mode to the distribution network.
• the method and the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption according to the invention allows controlled and efficient accumulation of energy which is in excess in the distribution network, and controlled and efficient supply of the accumulated energy back to the distribution network.
• the system according to the invention facilitates the use of renewable energy sources, which are connected to the distribution network in conjunction with conventional and stable sources of electrical energy.
• the system helps remove regulatory inadequacy of the performance of renewable energy sources, since their performance is unstable especially during sudden changes of the weather (sunshine, cloud occurrence, wind, etc.).
• the system enables to accumulate energy relatively effectively by means of time and quantity-controlled conversion of electric energy in the distribution network into potential energy of the loads of the system of the connected lifting devices, and it also allows controlled conversion of the potential energy of the loads of the system of the connected lifting devices thus accumulated back into the energy supplied in a controlled manner - both in terms of time as well as quantity (performance), back to the distribution network by controlled intentional lowering of the loads of the lifting devices connected to the system and controlled by the system.
• the system allows operation both on the regional or even only local level, e.g. within a city, a town or a village, but at the same time it allows operation on a larger scale - national, multinational or even global. In essence, the system can be used also for the exact time and quantity-controlled transmission of the accumulated and reproduced electric power even over long distances, etc.
• a system for controllable consumption of the controllable amount of energy from the distribution network is formed, but also for generating a controllable amount of energy in a controlled manner and its supply back to the distribution network.
• the system thus conceived can be regulated very well and maintains the primary purpose of lifting devices, namely utility function of the lifting devices, i.e. lifting and lowering loads, transport, etc.
• the new use of the lifting devices namely their connection to the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption according to this invention enhances the regulation and protection of the distribution networks.
• the system allows repeated and very fast controlled responses of the lifting devices, i.e. the start-up of the lifting devices (from individual lifting devices to large groups of lifting devices) to ensure consumption of the required amount of energy, as well as putting the lifting devices (from from individual lifting devices to large groups of lifting devices) into a generator operating mode of their electric motors with the necessary generated output and supply of the generated energy to the distribution network, all that taking place multiple times in a 24-hour period, both locally in terms of geographical and time zones, as well as globally, ie. in a broad geographic scope across multiple time zones, or even all time zones.
• the invention effectively utilizes coordination of the activities of the lifting devices and whole groups of lifting devices in different places, areas, regions, countries, etc., or even on a multinational or global level, thus optimizing the individual local, but also backbone distribution networks of electrical energy from the point of view of balance between energy consumption and real-time production.
• Fig. 1 shows a global block diagram of the system according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of the local level of the system according to the invention
• Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an end node of the system according to the invention.
• the invention will be described on an example of embodiment of a system for optimizing the production and consumption of electrical energy including the global configuration of the whole system, a local level configuration of the system and the arrangement of the lowest stage, the so- called end node.
• the system is based on the principle of efficient control of a group of lifting devices whereby in terms of effective use it is advantageous if the controlled group of lifting devices is sufficiently large, i.e. large enough to ensure both the required controlled consumption of electrical energy from the distribution network, and the required controlled supply of the electric power accumulated by the system back to the distribution network.
• the system uses especially lifting devices without counterweight, which are characterized in that during the lifting of the load, i.e. on the way of the load graspupwards" their electric motors (especially asynchronous, but after adjustment, other types of motors) consume the electric energy from the network and, conversely, while lowering the loads, i.e. on the way of the loads expertisedownwards", these electric motors generate electrical energy.
• the lifting devices brake these loads by their electric motors, which during such lowering of the loads braked by the motor operate in the so-called generator mode, i.e. they generate electric current.
• the electrical energy thus geberated is used only either for charging local batteries, e.g. for the operation of emergency lighting of a building, or the electric power thus generated is supplied only to the local network of a building in question, etc.
• lifting device will always refer to a lifting device, such as a passenger elevator, a freight elevator, a construction elevator, a kitchen food elevator, a construction crane, a chair lift, a roller coaster, etc., and other lifting devices, whose electric motors during at least a part of the operation of the lifting device work in a generator mode, i.e. generate electric current.
• lifting devices are widely used and are commonly installed in apartment buildings, office buildings, industrial and commercial buildings, medical facilities, at construction sites, in the great outdoors, etc., in villages, towns and cities, regions, states and continents.
• the system is based on the fact that individual lifting devices and/or other massively used appliances of electrical energy with an input of more than 0.5 kW, as will be described in more detail below, are connected by data links, for example via the Internet, GSM networks, local networks to global networks, or, as the case may be, also via the existing control technologies of HDO signal, etc., to the control nodes of the system forming a functional whole, whereby the individual control nodes are equipped with control software and means for communicating with the control elements of the individual lifting devices assigned to a respective control node of the system according to the invention.
• the control nodes are also connected to systems for monitoring energy distribution networks and, optionally, are also connected to systems for monitoring major sources of electrical energy, i.e.
• control nodes are able to respond in time and in an adequate manner by means of the control software to the occurrence of problematic phenomena in the distribution networks or their parts. If a problematic phenomenon occurs in the distribution network or in its part, the control nodes are able to ensure by means of the control software that a corresponding number of lifting devices are connected in time and in an appropriate manner as appliances consuming possibly excessive electrical energy or even as generators of electrical energy to supply the generated energy back to the distribution network, as will be described in more detail further on.
• the response times of the system are ideally very short, preferably in the order of seconds or at the most in the order of minutes fromthe moment of detecting the presence of a problematic phenomenon in the network or a part of the network, when the required energy consumption, or, conversely, generating energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network is started by means of connecting a group of ZZ selected by control nodes in a suitable city or town, region, state or even at a multinational or at a global level, by which means it is possible to eliminate very quickly, or, in other words, to optimize the occurrence of problematic phenomena in a respective part of the distribution network, or in the distribution network as a whole.
• the control software is at all levels secured against attack and taking control of the controlled lifting devices by unauthorized persons, especially by the software autonomously disconnecting a respective lifting device or a group of lifting devices from the control, which means that a respective lifting device or a group of lifting devices can be henceforth controlled only with the aid of means of local control, i.e. the button panel of a respective lifting device, the local control network of the administrator of the building, etc., until the secured function of the system is restored.
• the control software also ensures that during the time when there is currently no excess energy in the distribution network, the so-called preventive accumulation of electrical energy into the potential energy of the lifting devices is not performed. Similarly, if in the distribution network there is currently excess energy, electricity is not generated (not produced) by intentional control of the operation of the lifting devices with supplying the generated energy to the distribution network, but the generated energy, as before, is either marred by intentional heating an auxiliary heating element, or it is used for charging local batteries, local lighting, etc. These rules apply at all levels of the system according to the invention, i.e. for all the control nodes of the system, the lifting devices being in normal operation.
• the system according to the invention operates in such a manner that users during the day at the installation sites normally use the lifting devices - riding elevators, using building cranes, etc.
• the status of utilization of the individual lifting devices is monitored by control nodes according to the invention and the position of the individual lifting devices above their lowest position, e.g. in passenger elevators it is the position of the elevator car in relation to the lowest possible position of the elevator car, depends on the current status of the distribution network.
• control nodes If there is currently surplus energy in the distribution network or in its part and there is danger of the occurrence of an undesired phenomenon in the distribution network, then the control nodes issue a command for one or more lifting devices connected to this distribution network or to a respective part of the distribution network to move upwards, by which means these lifting devices controllably connect to the distribution network or the respective part of the distribution network as other appliances consuming energy controlled according to this invention.
• control nodes issue a command for one or more lifting devices connected to this distribution network or to a respective part of the distribution network to move downwards, or, more specifically, a command is issued for the lifting devices to move with the electric motor in the generator mode, thereby connecting controllably other sources of energy, which is controllably supplied back to the distribution network or to a respective part of the distribution network. If the distribution network is stable, there is no need for the control nodes to intervene in the operation of the individual lifting devices.
• the control software has been programmed for priorities of using the lifting devices on the basis of local needs of the users of the lifting devices and possible utilization of a respective lifting device for the system according to this invention. It is always the local utilization of the lifting devices that has priority over the utilization of the lifting devices for the needs of the system, since considering the enormous number of potentially usable lifting devices it is assumed that there will not be a situation when all the lifting devices are being used at one point by the local operator, i.e. when they are not available for usage by the system according to this invention.
• the components of the integrated rescue system i.e. firefighters, paramedics, doctors, police, etc.
• the components of the integrated rescue system i.e. firefighters, paramedics, doctors, police, etc.
• the individual lifting devices can be divided into groups according to the electrical (power) parameters and parameters of importance for the local operation, whereby these are all the criteria according to which the control nodes and control software make a decision about the intentional engagement of the individual lifting devices as appliances or, on the contrary, as generators of energy, supplying the generated power to the distribution network.
• the system is based on the effect which ensures putting the lifting devices into a consumption mode or a power generation mode, supplying the generated energy to the distribution network in groups, preferably putting the lifting devices in groups of a specific number, e.g. groups of ten lifting devices or even more, whereby the individual lifting devices or groups of lifting devices are put into a mode of consumption or generating energy, supplying the generated energy to the distribution network either successively or simultaneously or a part of the lifting devices simultaneously and part successively, but always depending on the currently requiered amount of energy, which is to be consumed at a certain time, or on the currently required size of the generated power during a certain period of time.
• the outcome is the accumulation (consumption) of energy and/or generating energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network using the system according to the invention during a longer time interval, preferably from 10 minutes to 30 - 50 minutes, in case of need even more.
• the individual lifting devices are measured by the so-called smart electric meters, which are preferably also multi-tariff.
• smart electric meters which are preferably also multi-tariff.
• the respective lifting devices are in terms of consumption included in a multiple-tariff mode, when the price of the consumed energy changes during 24 hours of one day depending on the current time or the current consumption in the network, similarly to the already existing so-called high tariff and low tariff (night current), as it is used, e.g., by electric boilers, electric heat storage stoves, etc.
• the individual lifting devices are charged not only for the consumed energy for local usage, but they are also charged in terms of the generated energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network and according to the tariff ication, which is provided by the system according to this invention on the basis of smart multi-tariff electric meters.
• the price of the consumed energy, as well as that of the generated energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network changes after each hour during the whole 24 hours of one day.
• each lifting device is at the installation site equipped with light and/or acoustic indication of the current status of the power supply of the lifting device, i.e. whether the particular lifting device is currently in the normal power tariff or it is in priority use of the system according to this invention, which is reflected in the final operation costs of the lifting device, e.g. also due to possible negative electricity prices during certain hours according to the tariffs, etc.
• the individual lifting devices which are not being currently used, will be given a command legito park" on the top floor. For example, during the morning peak hours, when most of the people go to work, i.e. approximately from 7:00 to 9:00 o'clock, the individual lifting devices which are not being used gradually descend according to the commands of the control program, whereby they descend in the generator mode, which means that they operate as a perfectly regulatable (locally, regionally, nationwide, transnational ⁇ , Europe-wide, globally) and centrally controlled superior source of energy supplying the generated energy to the distribution network, which, in addition, can exploit its properties with respect to the number of the controlled lifting devices even repeatedly throughout the day, i.e. 24 hours a day.
• the control elements of the system according to this invention gradually give commands according to the current status of surplus energy in the distribution network in a respective region, area, state, continent, etc., whereupon the individual lifting devices, especially passenger elevators, move upwards (to the upper positions), by which means the surplus electrical energy in the distribution network is converted into potential energy of the lifting devices.
• the particular lifting devices At predetermined upper positions the particular lifting devices accelerate" and wait for other control commands, whether from the control elements of the system according to the invention or from the local controls, e.g. pushbutton boards placed on the frame of the respective lifting device, etc.
• the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption has a strictly hierarchic structure of superior and subordinate elements.
• the highest element of the system is the global control node 1, which is connected to the systems 2 for monitoring distribution networks.
• the global control node 1 ensures the global functionality of the whole system according to the invention.
• the systems 2 for monitoring the distribution networks have different levels, e.g. a transnational system 20 for monitoring distribution networks, national systems 2J_ for monitoring the distribution network, systems 22 for monitoring regional distribution networks, systems 23 for monitoring district distribution networks and systems 24 for monitoring local distribution networks.
• each of the systems 20 to 24 for monitoring distribution networks is drawn only once, but it is apparent that according to the complexity of the distribution network a corresponding number of the systems 20 to 24 for monitoring the distribution networks are connected to the global control system i depending on the complexity and structure of the distribution networks.
• the global control node 1 is further connected to a system of national control nodes 3, which ensure the functionality of the system according to the invention at national level.
• the national control node 3 is connected to national systems 21 for monitoring the distribution network and indirectly to the other systems 20 to 24 for monitoring the distribution networks.
• the global control node 1 is substantially the central point of the system, e.g., at least one for each continent, with the system according to the invention being globally spread.
• the global control node 1 determines global priorities for the activities of the subordinate elements of the system.
• the national control node 3 is connected to a group of regional control nodes 4, which ensure the functionality of the system according to the invention in the individual regions of a respective state.
• the regional control nodes 4 are connected to systems 22 for monitoring regional distribution networks and indirectly also to the other systems 20 to 24 for monitoring the distribution networks.
• the regional control node 4 is connected to a group of district control nodes 5, which ensure the functionality of the system according to the invention at the district level.
• the regional control nodes 5 are connected to the systems 23 for monitoring the regional distribution networks and indirectly also to the other systems 20 to 24 for monitoring the distribution networks.
• the district control node 5 is connected to a group of local control nodes 6, which ensure the functionality of the system according to the invention at the local level.
• the district control nodes 6 are connected to systems 24 for monitoring the local distribution networks and indirectly also to the other systems 20 to 24 for monitoring the distribution networks.
• the local control node 6 is coupled to a group of nodes 7 for controlling the end lifting device 8.
• the nodes 7 for controlling the end lifting device 8 preferably comprise a suitable electric meter 70 for measuring the consumed or, conversely, the generated amount of electrical energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network.
• the end device whether it is a lifting device 8 or a massively spread electrical appliance 80 with an electrical input of over 0.5 kW, is in its control portion provided with its own control unit 81 coupled to the electric circuits 82 of the end device.
• the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption is implemented on the national scale and with a corresponding hierarchy, i.e. without the global control node ⁇ .
• the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption is implemented on a regional scale and with a corresponding hierarchy, e.g. i.e. without the global control node 1 and the national control node 3.
• the system for optimizing electrical energy production and consumption is implemented on a local scale and with a corresponding hierarchy, e.g., without the global control node 1 , national control node 3 and regional control node 4, etc.
• the system in the illustrated example of embodiment is controlled by the global control node 1, which according to the current status of energetic security of the distribution network, i.e. according to momentary surplus of electrical energy and momentary lack of electrical energy in the distribution network at local, regional, national and supranational etc., level, and also according to the requirements of the electricity market makes a decision about putting the lifting devices into a mode of energy consumption or into a mode of energy generation supplying the generated energy to the distribution network, whereby it is possible that some of the lifting devices are running in a consumption mode and other lifting devices are running in a power generation mode to supply the generated energy to the distribution network, that being possible even within individual parts of the distribution network.
• the global control node ⁇ maintains the necessary numbers of lifting devices attainable for the purposes of the system according to the present invention in the required time of repetition according to the control nodes 1, 3 to 7 and priorities and conditions set by them, including consumption reserves and the generated output with the supply of the generated power to the distribution network, namely preferably during a required time period, e.g. 10 min., 20 min., 30 min., etc.
• a specific example of the operation of the system according to the invention while eliminating excess electricity is such that first the extent of a problem and its location is analyzed and on the basis of this analysis the number and location of the lifting devices 8 envisaged to solve the problem is determined in a given distribution network or a respective part of the distribution network.
• the control node 1, 3 to 7 appropriate for the distribution network, or the affected part of distribution network gives a command to start gradually the operation of the individual lifting devices 8 or also groups of lifting devices 8 in a power consumption mode with the accumulation of energy in the location of the lifting devices 8.
• groups of lifting devices 8 have a selectable number of lifting devices 8, e.g. 24, 32, 100, 200, etc. of units of lifting devices 8
• a decision will be made in each group whether the individual lifting devices 8 within the group of lifting devices 8 start simultaneously or whether the individual lifting devices 8 within the group of lifting devices 8 start successively at specific time intervals (intervals) for a certain period of time.
• control node i, 3 to 7 responsible for the affected distribution network or affected part of the distribution network evaluates the effect of currently running lifting devices 8 on the distribution network, and if it finds that so far running lifting devices 8 or groups of lifting devices 8 is not sufficient to affect the distribution network, the appropriate control node 1, 3 to 7 gives a command to put other lifting devices 8 or other groups of lifting devices 8 having a selected number of units of lifting devices 8 into the same mode of operation, i.e. either "into a consumption mode" or " into a power generation mode supplying the generated electrical energy to the distribution network.”
• control node 1_, 3 to 7 responsible for the affected distribution network or affected part of the distribution network determines that even after the start-up of available lifting devices 8 under its control it is not possible to solve the problem in the respective distribution network or its part, it reports it to the superior control node 1, 3 to 7, which issues commands to start lifting devices 8 or groups of lifting devices 8 in a greater part of the distribution network, e.g. in the national network, and supranational network etc.
• control nodes 1, 3 to 7 determines that there is total failure of the distribution network, the so-called blackout, the system, of course, with regard to the safety of local current users of the individual lifting devices 8, will take over the control of all available lifting devices 8 and uses them directively to solve the problem.
• the above-mentioned "safety consideration of local current users of the lifting devices 8" means that the respective control node , 3 to 7 is connected to an alarm system of the lifting devices 8, from which it obtains information about the current usage of the individual lifting devices 8 by a local user (the load of the lifting devices 8_by persons or cargo, etc.), the respective control node i, 3 to 7 declares the so-called STOP status of the lifting devices 8, when the respective lifting device 8 completes the current local task and the local use is prevented (persons getting into an elevator, loading cargo etc.), e.g. by light or sound, or combined signaling and the respective lifting device 8 is fully taken over by the control node 1 , 3 to 7_i which uses it for the purposes of the system according to the present invention.
• the status of the control of the respective lifting device 8 or massively spread appliances 80 is indicated optically and/or acoustically, directly on the site lifting devices 8 or massively spread appliances 80 to avoid misleading information about the current operation status of the devices 8, 80, in particular to avoid understanding the usage of the devices 8, 80 for the purpose of the system according to the present invention by mistake as faulty status of the devices 8, 80.
• the system works even in the event of a lack of electric power in the distribution network or its part, with the only difference that the individual lifting devices 8 and/or groups of lifting devices 8 are put into a power generation mode by its electric motors, e.g. elevators are lowered in a controlled manner from the upper down floors etc., supplying the generated power to the distribution network.
• electric motors e.g. elevators are lowered in a controlled manner from the upper down floors etc., supplying the generated power to the distribution network.
• the individual control nodes 1, 3 to 7 continuously form a reserve of a certain number of individual lifting devices 8 and/or groups of lifting devices 8 for use for the purposes of the system according to the present invention, i.e. on the basis of continuous monitoring of the status of the distribution network and its parts, a certain number of individual lifting devices 8 and/or groups of lifting devices 8 is constantly maintained ready to be put immediately into a consumption mode, in the lowest vertical positions, and, conversely, a certain number of individual lifting devices 8 and/or groups of lifting devices 8 is maintained ready to be put immediately into a power generation mode, supplying the generated electrical energy into the distribution network, i.e. in the highest positions.
• other types of massively spread appliances 80 are connected to the control node 1 , 3 to 7 as controllable appliances for the purposes of the present invention with an input of over 0.5 kW, which have a sufficiently large consumption per unit (per piece of equipment), and which can be remotely started in a controlled manner without endangering the public, such as electric storage water heaters (electric heaters), electric storage heaters and other massively spread electrical appliances with a relatively safe operation, which are nowadays controlled solely for the purpose of switching in the so-called high and low tariff once or twice a day using a HDO signal.
• electric storage water heaters electric heaters
• electric storage heaters and other massively spread electrical appliances with a relatively safe operation
• These other massively spread appliances 80 in case of need complement the above-described system with lifting devices 8 and also enable to start or, conversely, switch off electrical energy consumption in a controlled manner, wherein electrical energy is converted into heat, which is subsequently effectively used by local users in the form of thermal energy, so that no direct loss of energy occurs, and therefore these appliances are suitable to complement the lifting devices 8 in the system according to the invention, thereby creating a hybrid system.
• These other massively spread appliances 80 are a part of the system for optimizing the consumption and production of electrical energy during periods of current surplus electrical energy. Using these other appliances 80 creates either a hybrid system, as has been mentioned above, or, conversely, a system solely for energy consumption is created, as will be described in more detail further on.
• the massively spread appliances 80 have their own systems of measuring the consumption of energy.
• hybrid system we understand a system in which part of the end controlled devices, i.e. lifting devices 8, allows both controlled start-up of energy consumption and controlled start-up of generating energy with the supply of the generated energy to the distribution network, whereas part of the end devices, i.e. appliances 80, allow only controlled start-up of energy consumption.
• the system exclusively for energy consumption means a system in which end devices 80 are capable of a controlled start-up of energy consumption only, whereby this energy is returned to the place of consumption in the form of thermal energy generated by the end devices, preferably within 24 hours after the engagement of a particular appliance into the system according to this invention.

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