EP3314178A1 - Einrichtung und verfahren zum enteisen eines wärmetauschers im verdampferbetrieb einer kälteanlage sowie fahrzeug mit einer solchen einrichtung - Google Patents
Einrichtung und verfahren zum enteisen eines wärmetauschers im verdampferbetrieb einer kälteanlage sowie fahrzeug mit einer solchen einrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3314178A1 EP3314178A1 EP16753579.8A EP16753579A EP3314178A1 EP 3314178 A1 EP3314178 A1 EP 3314178A1 EP 16753579 A EP16753579 A EP 16753579A EP 3314178 A1 EP3314178 A1 EP 3314178A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- heat
- refrigerant
- evaporator operation
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
- F28D1/0443—Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
- F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/14—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing damage by freezing, e.g. for accommodating volume expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/08—Fastening; Joining by clamping or clipping
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for deicing a heat exchanger in the evaporator operation of a refrigeration system, when receiving heat from the environment or ambient air, wherein the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation as part of a refrigerant circuit for receiving heat from the environment with refrigerant flowed through or flowed through or is, the refrigeration system in the heat pump mode is operated or operated and wherein at least a first coolant circuit of a vehicle is provided, and a vehicle, in particular land vehicle, with at least one electric drive and / or at least one traction battery and at least one refrigeration system with at least one heat exchanger in evaporator operation.
- Vehicles such as land vehicles, with air conditioning or refrigeration systems with
- Air conditioners are known in the art.
- Such a Klimaanlange consists at least of the following components: a compressor, a condenser or gas cooler, depending on whether a refrigerant dependent one
- Condensation takes place or not, as well as an expansion element and an evaporator. If no condensation takes place, but a cooling of a supercritical gas as refrigerant, which was previously brought into the supercritical state, is spoken by a gas cooler. If a condensation occurs in the wet steam area when using another refrigerant, for example HFO1, 2,3,4yf can be used as the refrigerant, this is referred to as a condenser. In a gas cooler, for example, CO 2 can be used as the refrigerant. In the closed system, a cycle takes place. The refrigerant is low in pressure
- CONFIRMATION COPY Also known are heat pumps that require a comparable system technology as for an air conditioner.
- the benefit is to extract heat from a room via the evaporator, removing the heat from the room by absorbing heat from the system by evaporating a refrigerant and then passing it through the condenser or
- Gas cooler is discharged to the environment again.
- the benefit lies on the condenser or gas cooler side.
- heat from the environment is taken up by the evaporator and a space, e.g. the vehicle cabin, fed by the gas cooler or condenser.
- Refrigeration systems that can perform both functions are also known for use in vehicles, which can thus cool and heat.
- Refrigeration systems are designed to allow cooling in summer and heating in winter.
- a heat exchanger In the Air Conditioning (AC) mode or in summer mode, a heat exchanger is driven here as a condenser or gas cooler to dissipate the heat.
- AC Air Conditioning
- a heat exchanger In winter operation, the same heat exchanger is run as an evaporator to absorb heat. To enable this even at low outdoor temperatures, the evaporation temperatures are correspondingly low. Accordingly, the surface temperature of the
- Heat pump mode in which the air conditioner is designed so that it can be operated either in a cooling mode and in a heating mode known. From DE 10 2013 008 801 A1 it is also known, a
- Refrigerant circuit are arranged to generate convection for heat dissipation on the vehicle front.
- short lines are used and the individual
- a condenser is often provided with a condenser fan for supplying air.
- the condenser or gas cooler the gaseous, superheated refrigerant is cooled to a lower temperature and liquefied. Since heat is drawn from the refrigerant during liquefaction, the condenser must deliver this heat to a surrounding cooling medium, such as air or water.
- the condenser fan has the task in all
- the heat exchanger in the form of the coil condenser is driven as an evaporator to absorb heat, e.g. During winter operation, the ice layer on the outside of the heat exchanger, which forms at low temperatures, may obstruct the passage of air or even make it completely impossible.
- a heat pump cycle which comprises a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit.
- a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are between the
- the heat exchanger includes an outer heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator in a heating operation, and a radiator for radiating heat from a coolant.
- the second heat exchanger transfers heat from a refrigerant under a high pressure to the refrigerant in the heating operation.
- the temperature of the refrigerant within the second heat exchanger is higher than the temperature of the refrigerant within the first heat exchanger. Heat, which is obtained from the second heat exchanger is from the first
- Heat exchanger supplied by the coolant Heat obtained from the second heat exchanger is stored in the coolant.
- the coolant that has stored heat is delivered to the first heat exchanger. It is thus a heat exchanger system
- Condenser of a refrigeration system is coupled, wherein both components in the vehicle behind the radiator grille arranged in series one behind the other and in a
- Heating device are arranged. Warmsole flows through as a heat transfer medium the closed circuit of the heating register. Again, a fluid is thus used to defrost an evaporator. Similar solutions can also be found in US Pat. No. 6,318,107 B1, EP 2 119 986 A1, EP 2 940 409 A1 and DE 29 46 466 A1.
- Heat exchanger in reverse mode is enabled.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device or a method for deicing a heat exchanger in the evaporator operation of a refrigeration system, in particular a vehicle, wherein the
- Heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is flowed through or flowed through with refrigerant, which allows an energy-efficient defrosting, without the
- the object is achieved for a device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the device is a heat exchanger device arranged in a second coolant circuit or a separate, connectable and disconnectable path of the at least one first coolant circuit and in Heat exchange with the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is providable or provided.
- the device is a heat exchanger device arranged in a second coolant circuit or a separate, connectable and disconnectable path of the at least one first coolant circuit and in Heat exchange with the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is providable or provided.
- Evaporator operation is supplied.
- the object is achieved in that at least one
- Coolant circuit or a separate, switched on and off path of the at least one first coolant circuit is arranged is provided in the heat exchanger to the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- a device for defrosting a heat exchanger which is operated in the so-called heat pump mode (for heat generation) in evaporator operation, is provided as components of a system or refrigeration system or an arrangement or a system in a vehicle.
- a vehicle refrigeration system can be operated both in an air conditioning mode and in a heat pump mode. In each of the modes, the vehicle refrigeration system includes one
- Evaporator operation wherein evaporator in the refrigeration mode is an evaporator of the refrigeration system and in the heat generation mode of the heat exchanger, which is operated as an evaporator in the latter mode of operation of the heat exchanger, this tends to icing.
- the heat exchanger In the air conditioning mode, however, the heat exchanger is operated as a condenser or gas cooler, in which he is to dissipate heat and therefore usually does not tend to icing.
- the device for defrosting the heat exchange is as
- any heat exchanger of a refrigeration system is referred to, as a heat exchanger in the heat Pump mode operates in the evaporator mode, wherein the refrigerant flowing through it absorbs heat and evaporates, using ambient air as the heat source, and accordingly at low
- the heat exchanger device serves as an additional device for defrosting ice layers on the
- Heat exchanger device to a coolant circuit of a vehicle, such as in particular an electric vehicle, which is equipped with the refrigeration system or system that includes the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation, heat and supplies them to the enteisenden heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- Evaporator operation under a thermally conductive contact with the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is always the heat-conducting contact with any part of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation, ie in particular a possibly provided housing and / or a frame and / or at least one fürströmungsweg the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation by the Refrigerant can flow or flows, understood.
- the heat exchanger device is provided as an independent component in addition to a cooler and an evaporator or the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- Heat exchanger device is arranged in a separate, second coolant circuit or in a separate, connectable and disconnectable path of the at least one first coolant circuit, which in particular comprises the radiator.
- first coolant circuit which in particular comprises the radiator.
- the heat exchanger in evaporator operation is defrosted on the outside.
- the heat is a frame and / or housing of the Heat exchanger in the evaporator mode and / or the ice layer or the outside built on the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation
- Ice sheet is supplied.
- a heat transfer from the refrigerant also take place.
- the heat supply to the refrigerant should not lead to a reduction in the supply of heat to be defrosted ice sheet on the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation. It can therefore also be provided for the Abtau resort, ie during the defrosting process, to prevent flow through the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation, so no refrigerant through the heat exchanger in
- the defrost cycle can be shortened.
- the system can be a refrigeration system, which in the
- Air conditioning and heat pump mode can be operated or a pure heat pump system, due to the provision of
- Heat exchanger device can thus heat in the heat exchanger in
- At least the cycle duration and / or the intensity of a reverse operation of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation can be significantly shortened or can optimally be dispensed with a reverse operation, since heat is otherwise coupled via the heat exchanger device into the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation or the refrigerant flowing through it. that is sufficient for its thawing.
- a defrosting of an iced heat exchanger in the evaporator operation can by supplying a coolant as a heat exchange medium respectively.
- the heat exchange medium can eg cooling water or a
- Cooling water-glycol mixture be. As a refrigerant to flow through the
- Heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is in this case natural refrigerant, in particular CO 2 , R744 or ammonia, the latter, however, less suitable for use in a vehicle, or synthetic refrigerant such as halogenated or non-halogenated hydrocarbons, such as R134a / HFO 1, 2 , 3,4 yf.
- Defrosting the heat exchanger in evaporator operation is possible by supplying heat through the heat exchanger medium to the heat exchanger in evaporator operation.
- the heat exchanger device such that it extends along the refrigerant heat exchanger or a part or region of the refrigerant heat exchanger, in particular a section of at least one of the refrigerant
- Heat exchanger be provided in the evaporator operation magnifying element.
- the at least one pipeline can be provided on the outside with ribs which extend as a stocking along at least part of the pipeline of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- the at least one pipe of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is in particular designed as a pipe line, wherein through the intermediate spaces between the individual sections of the pipe coil air can flow through.
- Capacitor is operated, the refrigerant evaporates as it flows past the air on the pipe or with the at least one surface enlarging element, such as outside ribs, provided surface or it condenses there.
- the heat exchanger device is arranged above and / or below and / or laterally of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation in heat exchange or heat-conducting contact with this and / or the refrigerant flowing through it or flowing through it.
- coolant in particular cooling water or cooling water
- the heat exchanger device can thus in particular in the form of a pipe on the top and / or bottom and / or side of the coiled tubing heat exchanger, which can operate in the evaporator operation extend, wherein the at least one pipe of the heat exchanger device in. Heat exchanging or
- the conduit-like or in the form of a pipe or at least one such comprehensive heat exchanger device to the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation or a housing of this heat exchanger can, is advantageously at least one fastening device for securing the heat exchanger device in heat exchange or heat-conducting contact to the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation and / or provided by this flowing or flowing refrigerant therethrough.
- Fastening device may be formed in particular like a clip, to clipping the heat exchanger device on the housing or frame of the heat exchanger in heat exchange or heat-conducting contact with the at least one pipe or through which it flows
- the at least one pipe of the heat exchanger device in a frame, such as a plastic frame, which aufgen on the housing or the frame of the heat exchanger or
- the heat exchanger device or its frame and / or fastening device is thus arranged and fastened to the housing or frame of the heat exchanger in the evaporator mode at the top and / or bottom and / or laterally thereof, but advantageously neither before nor behind, in order not to allow air to flow through it to block.
- the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is thus only, for example, a single component, such as a pipeline of the
- Heat exchanger device provided, over this already the defrosting or thawing of the heat exchanger is made possible in the evaporator mode, without requiring large amounts of energy.
- the range, in particular, of a vehicle equipped with such a device with electric drive is thus not affected or at least hardly negatively.
- the cost of a possibly provided reversing operation can be reduced with provision of the heat exchanger device or the temperature difference can be reduced.
- the duration of the reversing operation can be reduced or it is possible to switch the system at least not as often as previously in the reverse operation, in the event that this despite provision of the heat exchanger device continues to make sense or
- the provision of the device for defrosting can not only be used advantageously in vehicles with electric drive, but also in vehicles with internal combustion engine and conventional cooling circuit or hybrid / range extender vehicles, thereby extending the range or provide for certain driving cycles, thus not requiring an electric heater for defrosting the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation and to provide no additional electrical energy for this.
- the refrigeration system is part of such a vehicle with heat-generating components, such as a traction battery and power electronics, wherein waste heat at least one of
- Heat exchanger device to the through the heat exchanger in
- Evaporator operation flowing refrigerant is discharged to defrost the • heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- Electric motor an AC / DC converter with power electronics, etc. can
- the heating in operation components are flowing through the flowing in the coolant circuit
- Cooling cooled these components may be connected in the coolant circuit in series or in parallel.
- the cooling water heated after flowing through the traction battery for the cooling thereof can be passed through the heat exchanger device, wherein the heat extracted by this heat can be supplied to the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation in the refrigerant circuit to defrost this.
- the heat exchanger device is therefore in heat-conducting contact with the heat exchanger in
- the waste heat of the few heat-generating components can be used in a vehicle with electric drive or traction battery for defrosting the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation.
- the coolant circuit or cooling water circuit absorbs heat from the coolant
- Cooling water circuit connected components such as in an electric vehicle from the traction battery, an electric motor, an AC / DC converter with power electronics, etc.
- the heat or waste heat of a component is used to defrost the heat exchanger, which is not the
- the heat exchanger device parallel and / or longitudinal to a radiator of the coolant circuit the vehicle and in heat exchange, in particular heat-conducting contact to switch with the heat exchanger to be deiced in the evaporator operation of the refrigerant circuit, in particular parallel and / or longitudinal to a radiator of the heat generating component of the vehicle.
- Heat exchanger device is particularly small in size, in order to be able to be provided even in confined space available, but still sufficient for heat transfer to the heat exchanger to be deiced in the evaporator operation.
- a bypass line for bridging the heat exchanger device is provided in order to enable operation without it.
- Parallel connection is a "bridging" of the heat exchanger device already by the parallel connection of the heat exchanger device and the Heat exchanger in evaporator operation possible. Also when arranging the
- Heat exchanger device in a connectable and disconnectable path of the
- Coolant circuit is a "bypass" by switching off the path
- Evaporator operation or the refrigerant which flows or can flow through the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation is provided to couple heat into the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation or the refrigerant of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation and thereby the heat exchanger in
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a refrigeration system comprising a
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a heat exchanger in the evaporator mode with rib stocking on its pipeline coil
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger in the evaporator operation with the outside rib stocking its pipe line and with inventive heat exchanger device on the top and bottom of the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation,
- Figure 3a is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line A-A through the
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel connection of a small heat exchanger device according to the invention and a radiator of a
- Coolant circuit comprising an electric motor and an AC / DC converter, arranged in a vehicle
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle with a small heat exchanger device according to the invention in parallel to a radiator provided coolant circuit, comprising a battery system that can be tempered either by a heater and a cooling device, and
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle with an inventive
- FIGS. 1 and 4 show a schematic sketch of a refrigeration system 1, arranged in a vehicle 100, which is suitable for operation in the air conditioning (AC) mode for cooling and in the heat pump (HP) mode for heat generation.
- the vehicle 100 is shown only schematically in FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6. It has a front side 101 and a rear side 102, wherein in the figures 1 and 4, only the front portion of the vehicle 100 with the
- Front side 101 is indicated, while in the figures 5 and 6 each of the entire vehicle 100 is indicated with front 101 and rear side 102.
- the refrigeration system comprises a heat exchanger 20, adjacent to which a heat exchanger device 55 of a coolant circuit 65 and a
- Fan 3 are arranged for supplying and discharging air, and a compressor 10. Further, the refrigeration system comprises an air conditioner 4 and a HVAC unit with an evaporator 40, a condenser 41 and a fan or fan 42.
- the refrigeration system 1 comprises Furthermore, a collector 5, two switching valves 6, 7 and two expansion valves 8, 9.
- the heat exchanger 20 of the refrigeration system depending on the refrigerant used as a condenser or gas cooler, both condenser and gas cooler for heat absorption from the ambient air, through this flows, serve, or as
- Evaporators are operated for heat absorption in the heating mode
- the refrigeration system 1 always comprises an evaporator operation, in the mode for refrigeration (air conditioning mode) serves to evaporate refrigerant, the evaporator 40, in the mode for heat generation (heat pump mode) is used for this purpose, the heat exchanger 20. refrigerant decreases in the latter Evaporator operation (heat pump mode) when the heat exchanger 20 as
- Operate evaporator thus is in the evaporator operation, heat when flowing through this and evaporates there.
- the heat exchanger 20 In the air conditioning mode, the heat exchanger 20 is in the condenser mode in which heat is dissipated to generate cold.
- the evaporator 40 serves to absorb heat and to evaporate the refrigerant as it flows through the evaporator 40.
- Refrigeration system 1 communicate with each other, compressed refrigerant first compressed in the compressor 10.
- the refrigerant is then gaseous and is under a high pressure.
- the refrigerant then passes through the condenser 41, in which it condenses with the release of heat to the air (in the Ig-ph diagram, the wet steam area) or supercritically cooled further (in the Ig-ph diagram gas area ), depending on the used
- Expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure by increasing the volume, so that the refrigerant behind the expansion valve 8 is in a liquid state and is under, a low pressure.
- Downstream of the expansion valve 8 is the heat exchanger 20.
- heat from a stream of air flowing therethrough into the system, ie the refrigerant is introduced via the heat exchanger 20.
- the second switching valve 7 is provided, via which the refrigerant is supplied to the collector 5 and from there back to the compressor 10.
- heat is thus coupled into the refrigerant via the heat exchanger 20, the refrigerant evaporating in the heat exchanger 20 and accordingly prone to freezing in this operating mode.
- summer mode air conditioning mode
- air conditioning mode flows through the refrigerant after the compressor 10, the switching valve 6.
- the condenser 41 is flowed through during summer without heat dissipation, especially at
- Expansion valve 9 is supplied to the evaporator 40. In summer operation takes place when passing the refrigerant through the expansion valve 9 only there
- the refrigerant changes its state of matter from liquid to gaseous while receiving heat from the environment and release of evaporative cooling.
- the refrigerant After passing through the evaporator 40, the refrigerant first passes into the collector 5 during summer operation, before it returns to the compressor 0 from there. In summer operation, heat is thus discharged from the refrigerant via the heat exchanger 20 (condenser operation), so that the heat exchanger 20 normally does not tend to freeze.
- the heat exchanger 20 Located in the heat pump mode (heat pump mode) of the refrigeration system of the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator mode, which absorbs heat from the environment, the heat exchanger 20 is hereinafter referred to as a heat exchanger in
- the heat exchanger 20 is provided in the evaporator operation with the at least one heat exchanger device 55, as they
- the heat exchanger 20 shown there has a pipe coil 21, which is provided on the outside with ribs 22, as in the detail view of FIGS. 2 and 3, in the evaporator operation, the heat exchanger 20 shown there has a pipe coil 21, which is provided on the outside with ribs 22, as in the detail view of FIGS. 2 and 3,
- the pipe coil 21 is in a
- these two side frame parts 24, 25 and a middle part 26 has.
- the side frame parts have outside attachment eyelets 27 for securing the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation in the vehicle 100, in particular in a land vehicle, such as an electric vehicle, which is not shown in Figure 2, however.
- the pipe coil 21 is coiled several times in the frame construction 23 of the heat exchanger 20 in FIG.
- Evaporator operation arranged and has an inlet opening 28 and a
- outlet opening 29 on.
- refrigerant 30 here illustrated by the arrow, flows in and out through the outlet opening 29.
- an expanding ice layer on the ribs 22 will be thinner than if it were built up on a continuous surface, so that these subsequently also possibly easier to solve again.
- a thinner layer of ice hinders the operation of the heat exchanger 20 in the. Evaporator operation also less strong than a thick layer of ice, since the heat transfer is better for a thinner layer of ice than for a thick.
- a heat exchanger device 12 in the form of two parallel to the longitudinal extension of the pipe coil 21 and the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation extending pipes 120, 121 provided in heat-conducting contact with the heat exchanger in the evaporator operation or the pipe coil 21.
- the two pipes 120, 121 are connected to each other via a piping system 122.
- Pipe system 122, coolant 123 may be introduced into the two pipes 120, 121. This is illustrated in Figure 3 by an arrow.
- the two pipes 120, 121 each have a housing 124, 125 surrounding them on the outside.
- This particular housing is made in particular of plastic and serves to connect to the frame structure 23 of the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation.
- Frame structure 23 be clipped or be, as indicated in Figure 3a.
- Other forms of attachment, in particular releasable attachment, are of course possible here.
- the respective pipe 120 or 121 as close as possible in heat exchange, in particular heat-conducting contact with the frame construction 22 of the heat exchanger 20 in
- Piping coil 21 surrounded can be supported, as explained above.
- the heat exchanger device 55 can be in a to be deiced
- Heat exchangers 20 are also coupled in the evaporator operation, such heat, which as waste heat in heat-generating components of a
- Vehicle such as an electric vehicle, occurs and over the cooling water used for cooling this respective component through the
- Heat exchanger device is guided. The heat removed there is subsequently provided to the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation to make the desired deicing.
- a pure battery electric powered vehicle may be its traction battery.
- the battery for example, a pure battery electric powered vehicle may be its traction battery.
- Electric motor and AC / DC converter can be connected in series or parallel to each other.
- Figures 4, 5 and 6 show two examples of such a circuit, in Figure 4, an electric motor 50 with an AC / DC converter 51 in series and with a charger 52 is connected in parallel.
- the AC / DC converter 51 may be part of a unit that further comprises power electronics.
- AC / DC converter and power electronics are advantageously arranged in the vicinity of the electric motor 50, which serves to drive the vehicle 100.
- the charger 52 is parallel to the electric motor 50 and the AC / DC converter 51 together with the
- the circuit shown in Figure 4 further comprises a radiator 54, the small heat exchanger device 55 is connected in parallel.
- Coolant circuit 65 is also a pumping device 57 is provided.
- the coolant circuit 65 comprises a battery system 59 instead of the electric motor 50 and the AC / DC converter or the unit therefrom and the power electronics Cooling device 61 is arranged and optionally switched on and off via a switching valve 62.
- a pump device 64 is provided for pumping the medium in a line system 63 interconnecting the individual components.
- the (small) heat exchanger device 55 which is connected in parallel with the cooler 54 of the coolant circuit 65, serves as additional
- Heat exchanger device for transferring heat to the heat exchanger 20 not shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 in the evaporator operation of
- the radiator 54 serves to cool the battery system 59.
- the radiator 54 according to FIG. 4 serves to cool the battery
- Heat exchange device 55 removes the heat absorbed during cooling in the coolant and transfers it to the to be de-ice
- Coolant circuit 65 In the coolant circuit 65 falling heat through the small heat exchanger device 55 the Coolant circuit 65 removed and the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation of the refrigerant circuit 66 (see, for example, Figure 1) are supplied to serve for thawing or defrosting of the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation.
- a bypass line 67 is provided.
- the heat exchanger device 55 could also be in a switchable by, for example, a switching valve and connectable path of the
- Coolant circuit 6 may be arranged, whereby also a "bridging" of the heat exchanger device is made possible.
- Evaporator operation can be in particular CO 2 , R134a / HFO 1, 2,3,4 yf, ammonia and halogenated medium, in particular fluorinated,. Or non-halogenated medium.
- a coolant such as a mixture of cooling water and a
- Heat exchange medium such as glycol
- Heat exchanger medium By supplying a corresponding heat exchanger medium, in particular by the
- Heat exchanger device 12 it is possible to remove an ice layer on the outside of the heat exchanger 20 in the evaporator operation.
- Evaporator operation of a refrigeration system of, for example, a vehicle, such as a land vehicle may thus include various types of
- Heat exchanger devices are used, which extract heat in particular from the coolant of the coolant circuit and the heat exchanger in the Supply evaporator operation by advantageously arranging the
- Heat exchanger device in heat exchange, in particular heat-conducting contact with the heat exchanger to be deaerated in the evaporator operation and / or the refrigerant to be deaerated by the heat exchanger to be deiced in the evaporator operation or flowing.
- the heat exchanger can be flowed through or flowed through with refrigerant in the evaporator operation, numerous other, even any combinations of the aforementioned embodiments can be provided in which in each case such a heat exchanger device for coupling heat from a coolant circuit and coupling heat into the heat exchanger to be deiced in the evaporator operation or the refrigerant flowing through it are provided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102015008325.2A DE102015008325A1 (de) | 2015-06-26 | 2015-06-26 | Einrichtung und Verfahren zum Enteisen eines Wärmetauschers im Verdampferbetrieb einer Kälteanlage sowie Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Einrichtung |
PCT/EP2016/001089 WO2016206816A1 (de) | 2015-06-26 | 2016-06-27 | Einrichtung und verfahren zum enteisen eines wärmetauschers im verdampferbetrieb einer kälteanlage sowie fahrzeug mit einer solchen einrichtung |
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EP3314178A1 true EP3314178A1 (de) | 2018-05-02 |
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ID=56738066
Family Applications (1)
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EP16753579.8A Pending EP3314178A1 (de) | 2015-06-26 | 2016-06-27 | Einrichtung und verfahren zum enteisen eines wärmetauschers im verdampferbetrieb einer kälteanlage sowie fahrzeug mit einer solchen einrichtung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3314178A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102015008325A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016206816A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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PL239102B1 (pl) * | 2018-01-07 | 2021-11-08 | Politechnika Warszawska | Układ do odladzania sieci trakcyjnej prądu stałego z przekształtnikiem dodawczym |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2946466C2 (de) * | 1979-11-17 | 1985-02-21 | Arnold 7312 Kirchheim Müller | Heizeinrichtung mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf |
DE19644488A1 (de) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-04-30 | Friedhelm Meyer | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtauen eines Kühlers einer Kälteanlage |
JP2000062446A (ja) * | 1998-08-20 | 2000-02-29 | Zexel Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
US6318107B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2001-11-20 | D. S. Inc. (Defrost Systems Inc.) | Advanced defrost system |
UA25036U (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2007-07-25 | Ltd Liability Company Aisberg | Defrosting system of refrigerated case of trade refrigeration equipment |
DE202008002696U1 (de) | 2008-02-26 | 2009-07-02 | Voss Automotive Gmbh | System zum Temperieren eines SCR-Additivs in einem Kraftfahrzeug |
JP5440426B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-09 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 車両用温度調整システム |
KR101342931B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-09 | 2013-12-18 | 한라비스테온공조 주식회사 | 차량용 히트 펌프 시스템 |
JP5920178B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-05 | 2016-05-18 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒートポンプサイクル |
JP6073652B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-09 | 2017-02-01 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | 車両用空気調和装置 |
DE102013008801A1 (de) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-27 | Voss Automotive Gmbh | Fahrzeug, insbesondere Landfahrzeug, und Traktionsbatterie-Temperierungssystem für ein solches |
BR112015017789B1 (pt) * | 2013-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Sistema de descongelamento para aparelho de refrigeração e unidade de resfriamento |
-
2015
- 2015-06-26 DE DE102015008325.2A patent/DE102015008325A1/de active Pending
-
2016
- 2016-06-27 EP EP16753579.8A patent/EP3314178A1/de active Pending
- 2016-06-27 WO PCT/EP2016/001089 patent/WO2016206816A1/de active Application Filing
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DE102015008325A1 (de) | 2016-12-29 |
WO2016206816A1 (de) | 2016-12-29 |
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