EP3310530A1

EP3310530A1 - Method and grinding machine for grinding external and internal contours of workpieces in one set-up

Info

Publication number: EP3310530A1
Application number: EP16728343.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Erwin Junker
Original assignee: Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Current assignee: Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date: 2015-06-17
Filing date: 2016-06-13
Publication date: 2018-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-13
Also published as: CN107635720A; ES2933822T3; KR20180019663A; WO2016202729A1; BR112017023397B1; US10464182B2; DE102015211115A1; EP3310530B1; DE102015211115B4; KR102583422B1; JP6751417B2; US20180169819A1; JP2018518379A; BR112017023397A2

Abstract

What is described is a method and a grinding machine for implementing the method, in which a machine component (2) to be machined which is clamped at its two ends (3, 5) and has an internal recess (6) to be ground is ground in a single set-up. The internal recess (6) is ground by an internal grinding disc (8), wherein the machine component (2) is held so as to be rotationally driven in its set-up between a workpiece headstock (9) and a tailstock (10) and is additionally ground on its external contour (17) by means of a grinding disc (16). The machine component (2) is held in a centring manner on the tailstock (10) by a tailstock hollow sleeve (15) with a hollow centre (20) at the end region of the internal recess (6), wherein the internal grinding disc (8) engages through the tailstock hollow sleeve (15) and the hollow centre (20) during the grinding of the internal recess (6). In the case of the grinding machine according to the invention, a separate grinding headstock is preferably provided in the region of the tailstock (10) and bears the internal grinding disc (8), which in turn can be advanced to the circumferential surface of the internal recess (6) by engaging through the tailstock hollow sleeve (15) and the hollow centre (20).

Description

METHOD AND GRINDING MACHINE FOR GRINDING EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONTOURS OF WORKPIECES IN ONE VOLTAGE

The invention relates to a method for grinding carried out in a workpiece with grinding to be ground outer and inner contours and a grinding machine in the manner of a universal cylindrical grinding machine and / or non-circular machine for performing the method.

From DE 10 2007 009 843 B4 it is already known to grind both the outer contour and the inner contour of a workpiece. On the one hand, several clamping states are required in order to ensure that internal grinding can also be achieved even after separate outdoor use, even on separate machines. On the other hand, for the grinding of the inner contour, support by means of a steady rest after previously grinding a steady rest seat is required. This known grinding method and the grinding machine known for implementing this grinding method are relatively complex and have limitations on the achievable accuracy in that the workpiece must be brought into different clamping states, so that all grinding operations on the workpiece can be ground.

In contrast, the object of the present invention is to provide a grinding method and a grinding machine, with which workpieces both on its outer contour and on its inner contour can be ground with high accuracy, while maintaining the centered clamping during grinding.

This object is achieved by a method having the features according to claim 1 and by a grinding machine having the features according to claim 14. Expedient developments are defined in the respective dependent claims.

The inventive method for grinding machining of a machine component, which is driven about its longitudinal axis for rotation, takes place in one and the same clamping. The machine component is preferably a gear shaft or a gear. The machine component is tensioned at its two axial ends with respect to the longitudinal axis of the machine component and has an inner recess at least at one end. The inner recess is ground by means of an inner grinding wheel, which is preferably also referred to as fnnenschleifstift. In its clamping, the machine component is see a Werkstückspi ndelstock and a tailstock driven to rotate, wherein by means of at least one grinding wheel, the outer contour of the machine component is ground. The machine component is therefore kept centered on the one side by means of the workpiece spindle nose and on the side opposite the tailstock with a tailstock hollow spindle on the end region of the inner recess pointing outwards towards the end of the machine component. The tailstock hollow quill makes it possible for the inner grinding wheel to be penetrated during the grinding of the inner recess. Since the tailstock hollow quill preferably engages with a running hollow point in the inner recess of the machine component and the machine component is also centered on the opposite side in the workpiece headstock, the machine component can in a single clamping both outside and inside and possibly also to his front sides are sanded. Because the grinding takes place in one clamping, there is thus no change of reference for the various grinding processes which are realized with different grinding wheels. As a result, the grinding accuracy for the machine component can be further increased. Above all, all outer contours as well as the inner contours are related to one and the same centering, ie the rotational longitudinal axis of the machine component. As a result, concentricity errors are further minimized.

Due to the fact that either a tailstock hollow quill with hollow point or on the workpiece headstock a hollow point or - if the machine component has an inner recess at each of its ends - a tailstock hollow quill with hollow point as well as a workpiece spindle hollow quill are provided with hollow point, which can be penetrated by the respective inner grinding wheel, it is preferably possible that the outer grinding and the inner grinding at least temporarily performed zeitparailel the. This additionally has a cost-saving effect because it reduces the cycle time during the production of the machine component.

Vorzugswesse is maintained during grinding the reference axis for the machine component, ie its rotation longitudinal axis unchanged, because this coincides with the taking place at both ends of the machine component centering. Especially with parts of normal length and normal stiffness, a steady support is not required. In a grinding machine according to the prior art referred to in the introduction to the description according to DE 10 2007 009 843 B4, on the other hand, it is necessary to provide a steady rest during external grinding, to which a steady rest can be approached after completion of this seat at the corresponding point of the machine component, so that the machine component emigrates as little as possible from its previously defined centering of the clamping. Only after the lunette support can be an internal grinding of the front sides or at the front of the machine component existing recess are made. According to the present invention, it is to be understood by "without support for lunettes" that a lug for the purpose of making the inner recess accessible in order to be able to grind it, because according to the prior art the clamping on the tailstock had to be loosened, is no longer necessary It goes without saying, however, that for very long components, steady rests can certainly be provided, namely so distributed over the length of the component that during machining of the outer contour and the associated grinding forces introduced a deformation of the machine component with respect to its longitudinal axis However, for the purpose of grinding the inner recess, a special Lünettenabstützung is not required because of the existing hollow points or Hohlpinolen.

So that an effective centering of the machine component can also be realized on the workpiece headstock, the workpiece headstock is equipped either with a centrically exciting chuck or with a chuck with compensating clamping jaws and a centering point engaging in the end face of the machine component. However, it is also possible that in the event that the machine component on the side of the Werkstückspindelsto- ckes also has an inner recess, the workpiece headstock has a workpiece Holstein Holstein quill, thus also from this side through the workpiece headstock, which then hollow is formed, the inner grinding wheel can grind the inner recess, without the clamping must be solved during grinding or for the purpose of internal grinding.

According to a preferred embodiment, the internal grinding wheel with its spindle and the grinding wheel for external grinding are also arranged with their spindle on a common headstock and are brought by pivoting and / or method, in particular continuously engaged with the machine component or disengaged. The respective spindles of the respective grinding wheels can be moved by a pivotable arrangement on a carriage for grinding the inner recess and for grinding the outer contour in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine component.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the grinding wheel for external grinding is arranged on a wheelhead, which is then pivoted to Ineing riffbringen this grinding wheel during external grinding on the workpiece and / or moved. In addition, the inner grinding wheel is arranged on a separate wheelhead, preferably in the area of the tailstock, and can be moved relative to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece so that the inner grinding wheel, which is also referred to as inner grinding pin, the hollow tailstock hollow spindle with hollow point in the longitudinal direction of the machine partly passes through and thus grinds the inner recess. This ensures that the sharpening of the outer contour of the machine component and the inner surface of the inner recess can be performed at least temporarily parallel to time. According to a further development, when grinding the outer contour of the machine component, the rotational axis of the grinding wheel for the outer grinding and the common axis of rotation of the workpiece headstock, machine component and tailstock obliquely arranged in space to each other such that during grinding substantially only a point contact between the grinding wheel and the outer contour of the machine component is present. The longitudinal feed is then preferably in the direction of the Werkstückspi ndelstock out. The oblique positioning of the axes in space to each other, which ensures the point-like contact between the grinding wheel and the outer contour of the machine component, is also referred to as Quickpoint loops. However, it is also preferably possible that, when grinding the outer contour of the machine component, the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel and the common axis of rotation of the workpiece headstock, machine components! and tailstock parallel to each other or at an angle in the plane to each other, so that a substantially linear contact between the grinding wheel and the outer contour of the machine component is ensured. This is advantageous if, in the sense of straight or oblique indent grinding during circumferential grinding of the outer contour of the machine component, a longitudinal feed of the grinding wheel is not required. If the outer contour of the machine component is profiled, straight or oblique piercing grinding can also be carried out with a profiled grinding wheel, which of course, like all other grinding wheels, can and must be dressed in the meantime.

Preferably, it is also possible that with the grinding wheel for the outer grinding both peripheral regions, preferably rotationally symmetrical type, as well as end surfaces of the machine nenbauteils be ground. The tailstock hollow quill is preferably designed to run along; however, it can also be powered. Preferably, the drive of the tailstock Hoh Ipi nole with the drive of the workpiece holder block on the opposite side in the sense of an electronic wave is matched to one another. Preferably, the grinding machining of the machine component is realized via CNC controls. This means that all movements of the machine component or the grinding tools are CNC-controlled. According to a second aspect of the invention, a grinding machine in the manner of a universal round grinding machine and / or non-circular grinding machine is provided for carrying out the method described above. In the usual way, the grinding machine has a grinding table, on which a workpiece headstock and a tailstock are arranged, which are movable in the longitudinal direction of the student table. A machine component to be ground can be clamped between the workpiece spindle stock and the tailstock in such a way that the common longitudinal axis of the workpiece headstock, machine component and tailstock runs in the longitudinal direction of the grinding table.

But it is also possible that the grinding table is fixedly mounted with respect to the machine bed and the wheel headstock and the grinding headstocks are parallel along the common longitudinal axis of the workpiece headstock, machine component and tailstock movable or are.

The workpiece headstock has either a centrically exciting chuck or a chuck with compensating releasable clamping jaws and a centering tip, which rotatably holds the machine component on the workpiece headstock. Both types of chuck ensure centering during clamping of the machine component on the workpiece headstock. The tailstock has a tailstock hollow quill with a preferably mitlau- fenden hollow point in the manner of engaging in a chamfer of the inner recess engaging pin. This hollow point engages in the inner recess of the machine component such that a centering engagement is ensured in such a way that this centering engagement is adapted to a rotationally symmetrical inner recess at least at the end of the machine component, which can be clamped on the tailstock, ie. H. at the end opposite the workhead.

The tailstock hollow quill and the hollow point have an inner bore which is large enough that the inner grinding wheel can grasp the inner bore of the inner recess, ie the inner surface of the inner recess, the inner bore of the hollow spindle and the hollow point. The inner grinding wheel can now be arranged with its inner grinding spindle either on the wheelhead, which can be pivoted and moved so that the inner grinding wheel can pass through the inner bore of the tailstock hollow pinole and grind the Innenaus- perception accordingly. The disadvantage of such an arrangement is that external grinding and internal grinding must be carried out one after the other. For further, above all temporal and cost optimization of the grinding process on the grinding machine according to the invention, however, it is preferably also provided that a separate grinding bench headstock is arranged in the area of the tailstock and carries the inner grinding wheel with its inner grinding spindle. The delivery of the inner grinding wheel in

Passing through the tailstock hollow quill then takes place substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine component, so that the inner circumferential surface of the inner recess can be ground and at least temporarily zeitparallei for grinding the outer contour of the machine component. The grinding machine according to the invention preferably has both a pivotable wheelhead and a grinding spindle bearing an internal grinding wheel as well as the separate wheelhead as an additional wheelhead. In the grinding machine according to the invention, the workpiece holder peg and the tailstock are movable relative to each other such that the machine component is held and rotated between the centering point on the workpiece holder peg or the centrically tensioning chuck provided there and the hollow point on the tailstock under axial pressure and with an unchanging reference axis is. The grinding machine according to the invention therefore permits external grinding and internal grinding, which run at least temporarily parallel to time. Since the grinding on the grinding machine according to the invention takes place in one and the same clamping, the reference axis is not changed during grinding, whereby a higher accuracy of machine components ground with the grinding machine according to the invention is achieved.

Preferably, a vertically movable to the longitudinal direction of the grinding table movable carriage is provided, on which a pivotable about a vertical pivot axis grinding headstock is arranged. For grinding the outer contour of the machine component, the grinding wheel driven for rotation can be brought into grinding engagement with this grinding wheel head, the grinding wheel being mounted on the grinding headstock for grinding the outer contour with a horizontal axis of rotation.

Preferably, the grinding wheel has an abrasive coating both on its circumference and on its end surface. It is thus possible with the grinding machine according to the invention to grind cylindrical outer contours as well as plane surfaces or cones on the machine component, possibly even by means of plunge grinding, without the need for loosening the clamping.

Preferably, the inner grinding wheel as well as the grinding wheel for the outer contour are each provided with a CBN coating. The CBN coating ensures high grinding accuracy, high grinding removal and nevertheless long service life of the grinding wheels. If the machine component also has an inner recess on the side of the workpiece spindle clamping the machine component, then the chuck is preferably hollow so that this inner recess on the workpiece spindle end of the machine component can pass through this hollow bore of the chuck by means of a further inner grinding wheel for grinding. This further inner grinding wheel is preferably arranged on a further separate inner grinding headstock, so that this further inner grinding wheel can be moved and delivered independently of the grinding headstock for the outer contour. Even with internal recesses at both ends of the machine component, a time-parallel grinding of both the outer contour and the inner contours with the grinding machine according to the invention can therefore be realized.

Further embodiments and details of the present invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the enclosed drawing. FIG. 1 shows a top view of a grinding machine according to the invention;

FIG. 2: a grinding machine corresponding in basic construction, FIG. 1, but with an additional internal grinding headstock; FIG. 3 shows a partial view of the grinding machine according to the invention with grinding spindle pivoted into the outer grinding of the machine component with outer grinding wheel;

FIG. 4 shows a partial view of a grinding machine with pivoted grinding spindle with inner grinding wheel;

FIG. 5: detailed view of the machine component tensioned in the workpiece headstock with chuck and tension with tailstock hollow spindle with internal grinding wheel disengaged; FIG. 6 shows a detailed view according to FIG. 5 with inner grinding wheel in engagement with the inner recess of the machine component;

FIG. 7 shows a basic plan view of a grinding machine according to the invention with two

Wheel heads;

FIG. 8 shows a detail view of the grinding machine according to the invention with two inner grinding spindles for inner recesses provided on both sides on the machine component; and 9 shows a basic arrangement of a machine component in the form of a toothed wheel, which is ground according to the method of the invention. The grinding machine shown in plan view in FIG. 1 is fundamentally ajar to the structure of a universal round and / or non-circular grinding machine with respect to its basic construction. A conventionally provided grinding table 28 is guided in the direction of a so-called Z-axis on a machine bed 27 longitudinally displaceable. On the grinding table 28, a workpiece headstock 9 with its (not designated) drive motor and a chuck 11 is mounted. The chuck 11 is used for clamping the workpiece, ie the machine component 2. On the workpiece headstock 9, the machine component by means of a Zentrierspit- ze 13 and releasable clamping jaws 12 of the chuck 11 is tensioned.

Coaxially with the workpiece headstock 9, a tailstock 10 is arranged at an axial distance therefrom. The tailstock 10 has a separately executed Quill for receiving a designed as a tailstock hollow quill 15 tailstock tip. The tailstock 10 is also arranged on the sliding table 28, so that the machine component 2 is usually clamped between the workpiece headstock 9 and the tailstock 10 on a common axis of rotation, the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2. For process monitoring measuring devices 23.1, 23.2 and 23.3 are provided in the grinding machine, which are used for measuring the outer and / or inner diameter. The measuring signals obtained by the measuring devices serve to monitor and control the grinding machine by feeding the measuring signals directly to the control of the grinding machine in the usual way. Also in the usual way, a dressing device 29 is provided, which serves for dressing the grinding wheels present on the grinding machine. Also drawn in is a steady rest 22 which partially engages around the circumference of the machine component during active use and is provided only when the machine component is relatively long in order to compensate for the grinding forces introduced by grinding wheels during grinding of the outer contour. A bezel at the end portion of the machine component for internal grinding purposes, as required in the prior art, is not required. It is only optional and serves only to avoid the deflection of a relatively long machine component, which may possibly be caused by grinding forces. For shorter components, which have sufficient flexural rigidity, the bezel is dispensable. The grinding machine has a grinding spindle holder 18, which has a grinding spindle 25 with an inner grinding wheel 8, a grinding spindle 26.1 with a first outer grinding wheel 16.1 and a grinding spindle 26.2 with a second outer grinding wheel 16.2 having. Ie. The three grinding spindles 25, 26.1 and 26.2 are all on the common

Grinding spindle 18 arranged. The Sch Seifspindelstock 18 is pivotable about a pivot axis 24 and arranged on a carriage 19.1. The slide 19.1 in turn is perpendicular to the common axis of rotation, ie the longitudinal axis 1, arranged displaceably. The displaceability of the carriage 19.1 thus takes place in the direction of the usual X-axis. The pivoting movement of the wheelhead 18 is characterized by the curved double arrow B. The displacement movement of the carriage 19.1 is indicated by the straight double arrow X. With Z, the sliding movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2 is indicated, while C denotes the rotation of the machine component about the common axis of rotation, ie longitudinal axis. By pivoting the grinding headstock 18, the respectively required for machining grinding wheels, ie the inner grinding disc 8, the first outer grinding disc 16.1 and the second outer grinding disc 16.2, brought to perform their respective grinding task in engagement with the machine component 2. In the described embodiment according to FIG. 1, the outer contour and the inner contour of the machine component 2 are ground one after the other, since the common grinding of all grinding wheels with their grinding spindles on a wheelhead 18 can only be performed successively. In any case, however, the machine component remains clamped in one and the same clamping at one and the same centering in the grinding machine according to the invention, both for the grinding of the outer contour and the grinding of the inner contour. The first outer grinding wheel 16.1 serves to grind the outer contour of the machine component 2. The second outer grinding wheel 16. 2 can grind both rotationally symmetrical peripheral surfaces and also grind end faces on the machine component 2. This ensures that possibly existing end faces on the machine component 2 can also be ground in the same clamping. The grinding spindle 25 carries the inner grinding wheel 8, which has a small diameter and serves to grind the rotationally symmetrical inner recess 6 of the machine component 2 by the inner grinding wheel 8 passing through the tailstock hollow spindle 15. Because of the small diameter of the inner grinding wheel 8, this is also referred to as a grinding pin. To carry out the method according to the invention, it is sufficient if only the inner grinding spindle 25 with the inner grinding wheel 8 and the grinding spindle 26.2 with the outer grinding wheel 16.2 are provided. The grinding spindle 26.1, which is also still arranged on the grinding headstock 18, with its outer grinding wheel 16.1 can be used for further machining operations on the machine component, for example in order to grind further circumferential and end faces or recesses. When grinding the inner recess 6 by means of the inner grinding wheel 8 through the tailstock hollow quill 15 through another advantage of the method according to the invention is present, namely that the coolant is passed directly through the tailstock Hohipinole 15 to the inner surface of the inner recess 6, with which the inner grinding wheel when grinding the inner recess 6 is engaged. This makes it possible for the coolant to be guided directly and directly in an optimum manner to the grinding area.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a grinding machine according to the invention in plan view, which substantially corresponds to the grinding machine according to FIG. 1. In that regard, the same reference numerals refer to the same components or components. In contrast to FIG. 1, however, the grinding machine according to FIG. 2 has an additional inner grinding headstock 30 in the area of the tailstock 10. This Innenschleifspindelstock 30 is also disposed on the machine bed 27 and carries in the manner of another, second carriage 19.2 another inner grinding spindle 31, which carries a further inner grinding wheel 32. The further internal grinding spindle 31 is mounted on the carriage 19.2 in the Z2 direction, i. H. in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2, displaceable and can be introduced by the tailstock Hohipinole 15 in the inner recess 6 for the processing thereof. In addition, the carriage 19.2 can be moved in the X2 direction, so that the feed for grinding in the inner recess can be adjusted accordingly.

Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of the basic structure of the grinding machine according to the invention according to FIG. 1. The machine component 2 is with respect to its longitudinal axis 1 between the tips on the workpiece headstock 9 in the chuck 11 with the jaws 12 and the centering tip 13 and the tailstock 10 by means of Tailstock Hohipinole 15 and the mittlaufen- hollow point 20 stretched. This clamping between the tips is maintained during the entire processing. The machine component 2 has in its left half a circumferential collar, which has plan faces facing the workpiece headstock 9 and the tailstock hoisting dinette 15. In addition, in the area of the clamping in the workpiece headstock 9, the machine component 2 has a shoulder, which likewise forms a plane side. On the grinding headstock 18, whose pivoting is characterized by the curved double arrow B, the grinding spindle 26 is pivoted with the outer grinding wheel 16 for external grinding in the direction of the workpiece. By means of the outer grinding wheel 16, the entire cylindrical outer contour 17 of the machine component 2 is ground. The outer grinding wheel 16 is designed such that it can also grind the plan sides on the machine component 2 with its end faces. On the one hand, the outer grinding side 16 is delivered over the X-axis to the outer contour 17 of the machine component 2, so that the outer grinding can be carried out by means of this outer grinding wheel 16. Due to a Z-directional Slidability of the grinding spindle 26 together with its outer grinding wheel 16, the plan sides of the rotating collar as well as the plan side of the shoulder in the region of the workpiece headstock 9 can be ground. This makes it possible to grind the entire outer contour of the machine component 2.

The tailstock 10 is not equipped with the commonly performed quill, but has a very short sleeve mounted, which is hollow drilled inside. In the bore of the tailstock hollow quill 15, a hollow point 20 is provided which represents the tailstock tip and which engages in phases provided in the end-side end region of the machine component 2 such that the machine component 2 faces the tailstock 10 with respect to its longitudinal axis 1 End centered with respect to the longitudinal axis 1 is clamped. The hollow bore of the riding-stick height Ipinole 15 makes it possible for a grinding wheel (not shown) to reach through the hollow bore into the region of the inner recess 6 of the machine component 2 in order to carry out the machining of the inner recess there.

FIG. 4 shows a grinding machine in detail view and plan view according to the representation of FIG. 1, in which the inner recess 6 on the machine component 2 is ground. The machine component 2 is in turn held centrically at its sinking end in the workpiece headstock 9 by means of the chuck 11 and the clamping jaw 12 and the centering point 13. Likewise, the machine component 2 is on the opposite end 5 in the hooping stick 10 with its tailstock hollow quill 15 likewise centrally spanned via the hollow tip 20 running therein, in such a way that the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2 forms its axis of rotation. The outer contour 17 of the machine component was ground in the manner described in connection with FIG. 3. For internal grinding of the inner recess 6, the inner grinding wheel 8 with its Innenschleifspindel 25, which is mounted on the grinding headstock 18 and pivotable about its pivot axis 24, pivoted through the hollow bore of the tailstock hollow quill 15 in the recess 6 of the machine part 2 and there in Looping brought. For this purpose, in addition to the pivoting of the inner grinding spindle 25 about the pivot axis 24 of the wheelhead 18 along the X-axis in the inner recess can be brought into looping engagement. In addition, for the purpose of passing the inner grinding wheel 8 through the grinding rod Hoh Ipinole 15 this in the Z direction so moved that the inner grinding wheel 8 through the hollow bore of the tailstock hollow quill 15 in the inner recess 6 of the machine component 2 can be passed. The tailstock 10 is mounted very short, ie built short in axial alignment, and - as described - hollow drilled inside. During internal grinding, the machine component 2 remains clamped between the tips. 5 shows an enlarged detail view of the machine component 2, which is clamped centrally in the chuck 11 in the clamping jaws 12 by means of the centering tip 13 on the longitudinal end face 14 of the machine component 2. At the opposite end 5 of the machine component 2, the revolving hollow point 20 of the tailstock hollow quill 15 serves for the total centric clamping of the machine component 2.

In contrast to the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 and 4, an embodiment is shown in which the outer contour 17 is ground by means of the outer grinding wheel 16 on the grinding spindle 18, not shown, whereas the inner grinding spindle 8 mounted on the Innensch spindle 8 through the hollow bore of the tailstock Hollow quill 15 in the inner recess 6 for grinding of the inner peripheral surface 7 can be passed. In the position shown in FIG. 5, the inner grinding wheel 8 is in a position even before passing through the hollow bore of the tailstock hollow quill 15. The inner grinding spindle 25 with the inner grinding wheel 8 in the form of an abrasive pin is on a separate Innenschleifspindelstock (not shown) in the Z direction, d. H. in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1, and in the X direction, d. H. in the direction of a looping engagement on the peripheral surface 7 of the Innenausneh- 6 deliverable.

The bearing of the tailstock hollow quill 15 is provided with high-precision spindle bearings, wherein the revolving hollow tip 20 runs along with the machine component 2 by the friction caused by the clamping forces in the center. The revolving hollow point 20 acts on an inner surface at the opposite end 5 of the machine component 2 in a sealing or positive-locking manner. In principle, it would also be possible that with centering clamping by means of a standing tip, d. H. a non-revolving tip, the machining is performed on the machine component 2. It would also be possible, but not shown here, that the tailstock hollow quill 15 is designed as a hydrodynamic or hydrostatic bearing.

The supply of cooling lubricant takes place on the side of the workpiece headstock 9 through the centering tip 13 of the chuck 11 therethrough. As a result, it is possible for the cooling lubricant to pass reliably from the side of the workpiece headstock to the inner recess 6 for its grinding by means of the inner grinding wheel 8. However, this is of course only possible if the machine component 2 has a continuous bore. In order for sufficient coolant to be supplied during internal grinding for direct grinding engagement, the inner grinding wheel 8 has a conical attachment on its front end, which serves to supply the cooling lubricant directly to the grinding engagement. Reliable lubrication is particularly important in internal grinding because there As a result, the engagement area of the grinding wheel on the peripheral surface 7 of the inner recess 6 is larger than would be the case in the external grinding of a cylindrical or even non-cylindrical surface.

Fig. 6 shows a view according to FIG. 5, in which, however, the inner grinding wheel 8 has been brought by the hollow bore of the tailstock hollow quill 15 in the inner recess 6 of the machine component 2 in grinding engagement with its peripheral surface 7. The other components or components denoted by corresponding reference numerals correspond to those in accordance with FIG. 5 and will therefore not be explained again in more detail here.

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a grinding machine according to the invention, in which on the machine bed 27, two separate grinding headstocks 18.1, 18.2 are shown. The two grinding spindle sticks 18.1, 18.2 each carry an outer grinding wheel 16.1 or 16.2 and an inner grinding wheel 8.1 with associated inner grinding spindle 25.1 or 8.2 with associated inner grinding spindle 15.2. The wheelhead 18.1 is pivotable about a pivot axis B1, which is characterized by the double arrow. In an analogous manner, the wheelhead 18.2 is pivotable about a pivot axis B2, which is also characterized by the double arrow. In the usual way, the grinding spindle sticks 18.1 and 18.2 can be added in the X1 or X2 axis direction as well as in the Z1 or Z2 direction in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2. This makes it possible that for grinding the outer contour of the machine component 2, the corresponding outer grinding wheel 16.1 or also 16.2 is engageable, whereas the central bore having a machine component 2 both at its left end and at its opposite end 5 mlt- is clamped centric so that the one at each end of an inner recess having machine component 2 on both sides inside with the inner grinding wheels 8.1 and 8.2 can be ground. With such a configuration, it is thus possible that the machine component 2, which at one end in a arranged on the grinding table 28 Werkstücksp I ndelstock 9.1 in the manner described above, which is formed with a hollow chuck, and at the opposite end 5 in a tailstock hollow quill 15 is held by means of respective hollow tips 20.1 and 20.2 (see Fig. 8) so that the left-side and the right-side inner recess can be ground at least temporarily time parallel. However, it is also possible with this configuration that at least temporarily parallel to the grinding of the outer contour by means of either the first outer grinding wheel 16.1 or the second outer grinding wheel 16.2 with one of the arranged on the other grinding wheel head inner grinding wheel, the corresponding inner recess can be ground , It is also possible that by means of both outside grinding wheels 16.1 and 16.2 can be ground time-parallel at least temporarily, with one of the two grinding wheels, the outer contour, while with the other of the two grinding wheels, the flat surfaces are ground. With such an arrangement so that the flexibility of the grinding machine according to the invention is further increased, although the equipment cost is higher. With such an arrangement, a reduced cycle time can be realized despite more complex contours of the machine components to be ground. The workbench stock 9.1 is driven by means of a drive motor 33, which is arranged with a housing axially parallel to the longitudinal axis 1 of the machine component 2. The tailstock 10 is displaceable in the Z direction, but not driven.

In Fig. 8, the basic arrangement of FIG. 7 is shown in an enlarged view, but only the two inner grinding discs 8.2 with associated inner grinding spindle 25.2 and inner grinding disc 8.1 with associated Innenschleifspindel 25.1 for insertion through the respective hollow holes of the workpiece headstock 9.1 and the tailstock 10th ready. On the left-side end of the centered clamped machine component 2 storage and drive of the workpiece headstock 9.1 are shown. In order to drive the centering tip 20.1 or the chuck, the drive or drive motor 33 realized via belts, in particular toothed belts, is provided in addition to the constructively short bearing of this hollowly formed workpiece headstock 9.1. The possible at least partially time-parallel processing of the outer and inner contours of the machine component 2 to be ground takes place in the order and manner described above in connection with the other figures.

Finally, FIG. 9 shows a simplified example of an embodiment for grinding a machine component 2, which - unlike in FIGS. 1 to 8 - is not a shaft part but a gear component. The corresponding grinding headstocks are not shown for the sake of simplicity. The centered clamping of this gear component takes place in that the chuck 11 with its clamping jaws 12 spans the gear on its outer toothing. To achieve an exact alignment plan attacks are still provided on the chuck 11, against which the gear is clamped. As a result, an unambiguous and for the entire processing fixed orientation of the reference axis, namely the longitudinal axis 1, the gear 2, realized. By means of a profiled outer grinding wheel 16.1, which is rotatably driven driven on a corresponding grinding spindle 26.1, profiled outer sections are ground on the hub portion of the gear. Furthermore, an inner grinding wheel 8, which is mounted rotatably driven on its associated inner grinding spindle 21, is provided, which can be retracted on a separate wheelhead via the Z3 axis in the hub bore, so that the hub bore at least parallel to the outer contour via a delivery can be ground along the X3 axis. On the Side of the chuck 11, an additional (not shown) grinding headstock is provided, which carries a grinding wheel 16.2 with associated spindle 26.2. The outer grinding wheel 16.2 is a profiled grinding wheel and serves to grind the face sides on the collar or on the hub of the toothed wheel 2. This toothed wheel can also be ground in time, both at its outer contour and at its inner contour, at least temporarily according to the invention.

BezuQSziffemliste:

1 longitudinal axis

2 machine component

3 axial end

4 journals

5 opposite end

6 inner recess

6.1 further interior recess

7 peripheral surface

8 internal grinding wheel

8.1 first inner grinding wheel

8.2 second inner grinding wheel

9 Workhead

9.1 Workhead with hollow quill

10 tailstock

11 chucks

12 jaws

13 center point

14 front side

15 tailstock hollow quill

16 external grinding wheel

16.1 first outer grinding wheel

16.2 second outer grinding wheel

17 outer contour

18 wheelhead

18.1 first grinding spindle stalk

18.2 second wheelhead

19.1 first sled

19.2 second slide

20 revolving hollow point

20.1 hollow point workhead

20.2 hollow point tailstock

22 bezel

23.1 first measuring device

23.2 second measuring device 23.3 third measuring device

24 pivot axis

25 Sliding spindle Internal grinding wheel

25.1 first internal grinding spindle

25.2 second internal grinding spindle

26 Sch leif sp indel Ao ßenschleifschei be

26.1 Grinding spindle first outer grinding wheel

26.2 Grinding spindle second outer grinding wheel

27 machine bed

28 grinding table

29 dressing device

30 additional internal grinding spindle

31 further internal grinding spindle

32 more internal grinding wheel

33 drive / drive motor

Claims

Claims 1. Method for grinding carried out in a machining one about its longitudinal axis (1) for rotation driven machine component (2) which is stretched at its two axial ends (3, 5) and at least at one end (5) has an internal recess (6) which is ground by means of an internal grinding wheel (8), wherein the machine component (2) is rotationally driven in a single clamping between a workpiece headstock (9) and a tailstock (10) and by means of at least one grinding wheel (16) on its outer contour (17 ), wherein

a) the machine component (2) is kept centering on the tailstock (10) with a rotating or rotationally driven tailstock hollow quill (15) at the end region of the inner recess (6);

b) the inner grinding wheel (8) passes through the tailstock hollow quill (15) during the grinding of the inner recess (6), and

c) the grinding of the inner recess (6) and the grinding of the outer contour (17) of the machine component (2) are carried out at least temporarily parallel to time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the grinding is done at fixed in the clamping reference axes and without Lünettenabstützung.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the clamping on the Werkstückspindel- stock (9) with a centrically exciting chuck or with a chuck (11) with compensating jaws (12) and one in the end face (14) of the machine component (2 ) engaging centering (13, 20.1) takes place.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the centering tip (20.1) is hollow and is penetrated by a further inner grinding wheel (8.1) for grinding a further inner recess (6.1).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner grinding wheel (8) and the grinding wheel (16) by pivoting and / or method, in particular gradual, a common wheel headstock (18) into and out of engagement with the Ma be brought by a pivotable arrangement on a a carriage (19.1) for grinding the inner recess (6, 6.1) and for grinding the outer contour (17) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (1) of the machine component (2) are moved.

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the grinding wheel (16) is arranged on a spindle headstock (18, 18.1) and is brought into grinding engagement with the machine component (2) by its pivoting.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the inner grinding wheel (8) on a separate spindle headstock (18.2) in the tailstock (10) is arranged and for reaching through the tailstock hollow quill (15) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (1) of Maschinenbau- part (2) is moved.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when grinding the Außenkon- tur (17) of the machine component (2), the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel (16) and extending through the workpiece headstock, machine component and tailstock common longitudinal axis so obliquely in space to each other run substantially that there is only a point-like contact between the grinding wheel (16) and the outer contour (17) of the machine component, wherein the longitudinal feed takes place in the direction of the workpiece headstock (9, 9.1) out.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when grinding the Außenkon- tur (17) of the machine component (2), the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel (16) and extending through the workpiece headstock, machine component and tailstock common axis of rotation in such an angle in the plane run to each other, that there is essentially a linear contact between the grinding wheel (16) and the outer contour (17) of the machine component (2) in the sense of a Schrägeinstechschleifens.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein with the grinding wheel (16, 16.1, 16.2) both peripheral regions and end faces of the machine component (2) are ground.

1 1. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in which the tailstock Holpinole (15) is formed running along.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the grinding machining of the machine component (2) runs under CNC control.

13. Grinding machine in the manner of a universal round grinding machine and / or non-circular grinding machine for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which the following features are provided:

a) on a grinding table (28) are arranged a workpiece headstock (9, 9.1) and a tailstock (10), between which a machine component to be sanded! (2) can be tensioned, the common longitudinal axis extending through the workpiece headstock (9, 9.1), machine component (2) and tailstock (10) extending in the longitudinal direction of the grinding table (28);

b) the workpiece headstock (9, 9.1) has a centrically exciting chuck (11) or a chuck (11) with compensating releasable clamping jaws (12) and a centering tip (13, 20.1) on which the machine component (2) on the workpiece spindle stick (9, 9.1) keeps rotating;

c) the tailstock (10) has a tailstock hollow quill (15) with a hollow point (20, 20.2) which, for the centering engagement, faces at least into a rotationally symmetrical inner recess (6) on the workpiece headstock (9, 9). adapted end (5) of the machine component (2);

d) the tailstock hollow quill (15) with the hollow point (20, 20.2) has an inner bore, which for grinding the inner recess (6) by an inner grinding wheel (8, 8.1 ) is tangible; and

e) the workpiece headstock (9, 9.1) and the tailstock (10) are movable relative to each other such that the machine component (2) between the centering tip (13, 20.1) on the workpiece headstock (9. 9.1) and the hollow tip (20, 20.1) is held on the tailstock (10) under axial pressure and with fixed reference axis fixed in the clamping and is rotationally driven.

14. Grinding machine according to claim 13, wherein the grinding wheel head (18, 18.1) supporting the inner grinding wheel (8, 8.1) is pivotable about a vertical pivot axis (24) and slidable on a carriage (19.1 ) and additionally receives a grinding wheel (16.1) driven to rotate with a horizontally extending rotation axis for grinding the outer contour (17) of the machine component (2).

15. Grinding machine according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the grinding wheel (18, 18.1, 18.2) carrying the inner grinding wheel (8, 8.2) has a separate wheelhead (30) in the area of the tailstock (1) and / or in the region of a hollow point (FIG. 20.1) - the chuck (11) and the fine grinding wheel (8, 8.1) in the inner recess (6) into and on the peripheral surface (7) can be fed.

16. Grinding machine according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the grinding wheel (16, 16.1, 16.2) is provided both at its Urnfang as well as on its end face with a respective Schleifbe-.

17. Grinding machine according to one of claims 13 to 16, in which the inner grinding disc (8, 8.1, 8.2) and the grinding wheel (16, 16.1, 16.2) each have a CBN coating.

18. Grinding machine according to one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the chuck (11) is hollow and by means of a further inner grinding wheel (8.1) for grinding a further inner recess (6.1) on werkstückspindefstockseitigen end (3) of the maschinenbauteiis ( 2) is tangible.