EP3307439B1 - Système et procédé pour minimiser la matière fine produite lors de l'écrasement d'un matériau cassable - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour minimiser la matière fine produite lors de l'écrasement d'un matériau cassable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3307439B1
EP3307439B1 EP16808278.2A EP16808278A EP3307439B1 EP 3307439 B1 EP3307439 B1 EP 3307439B1 EP 16808278 A EP16808278 A EP 16808278A EP 3307439 B1 EP3307439 B1 EP 3307439B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jaw
nearly horizontal
cover
horizontal jaw
frangible material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16808278.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3307439A1 (fr
EP3307439B8 (fr
EP3307439A4 (fr
Inventor
John A. Iafrate
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Iafrate John A
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Individual
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Priority to PL16808278T priority Critical patent/PL3307439T3/pl
Priority claimed from PCT/US2016/036681 external-priority patent/WO2016201093A1/fr
Publication of EP3307439A1 publication Critical patent/EP3307439A1/fr
Publication of EP3307439A4 publication Critical patent/EP3307439A4/fr
Publication of EP3307439B1 publication Critical patent/EP3307439B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/04—Jaw crushers or pulverisers with single-acting jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/025—Jaw clearance or overload control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/10—Shape or construction of jaws

Definitions

  • Embodiments relate to crushers and in particular to a type of crusher generally used to break concrete and rock into smaller size aggregate, including crushers used to comminute masses of reinforced concrete and asphalt taken from demolition sites and stone taken from quarries.
  • Crushing devices are known in the art for use to reduce large pieces of frangible material such as, but not limited to, concrete, rock, asphalt, etc., to smaller pieces.
  • jaw crushers now in use have proven to be satisfactory for most of their intended purposes including, feed size, hard rock capability, reduction ratio, product characteristics, throughput and economy.
  • improvements in each of these areas are still possible.
  • many prior art jaw-type crushers have a fixed jaw and a large heavy movable jaw.
  • eccentrically mounted rotatable jaws are driven by motors where the frangible material passes over at least one of the jaws.
  • Pieces of material may remain engaged with the jaw(s) creating fine material until the pieces are of a small enough size to fall away from the jaw(s). While the crushed material may be reused, the fine material does not have as many reusable purposes. Therefore entities wishing to break frangible material into smaller pieces would benefit from a system and method which provides for breaking of frangible material where a production of fine material is minimized.
  • US 581756 A and US 450 890 A disclose ore-crushers.
  • US 2,591,639 A discloses a jaw-type crusher.
  • the system comprises a jaw movable during operation of the system, the jaw comprising an upper part to make contact with frangible material and a lower part.
  • a cover that is stationary during operation of the system is provided.
  • the cover surrounds at least a segment of an upper part of the jaw to create an area between the jaw and the cover to reduce a size of frangible material during operation of the system.
  • a tray located at the lower part of the jaw to capture frangible material that falls from the area between the jaw and the cover is also provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a system which minimizes a production of fine material when crushing frangible material.
  • the system 10 may not be vertical. As such, the system 10 actually has less height when compared to prior art crushers.
  • a height of the system 10 is determinable based on an angle of a jaw 20 or a cover 30 with respect to the ground.
  • the system 10 is placed at an angle of approximately six degrees (plus or minus 2 degrees) to approximately eighty degrees (plus or minus 10 degrees). Hence, at the minimum height, approximately six degrees, the system 10 is nearly horizontal.
  • a drive mechanism 70 is provided.
  • the drive mechanism 70 may be provided to cause movement of the jaw 20 in a lifting and lowering movement in at least one of a forward direction and a backward direction.
  • the movement of the jaw 20, caused by the drive mechanism 70 is an eccentric movement.
  • a conveyor system 80 is also shown. The conveyor system 80 is positioned to catch the crushed material and to transport it away from the jaw 20 and cover 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the system with the cover cut away to show the jaw.
  • the system 10 comprises a tapered jaw 20 angled in a downward direction along its length and configured to have a lifting and lowering movement in at least one of a forward direction and a backward direction.
  • the cover 30 surrounds an upper part of the jaw 20 and defines an area 35 between the cover 30 and the jaw 20 along the length, or elongated part, of the jaw.
  • the cover 30 further assists in defining an opening 40 between at least a side between the cover 30 and the jaw 20.
  • a connector 28 may provide for further movement of the jaw 20 initiated by the drive mechanism 70.
  • frangible material causes frangible material to pass along the length of the jaw 20 and to be removed from the jaw 20 through the opening 40 when the frangible material has achieved a size to pass through the opening 40.
  • frangible material small enough to pass through the opening 40 may do so.
  • the broken frangible material may exit the jaw 20 and cover 30 sooner it helps to minimize an amount of fine material which prior art systems produce.
  • the movement of the jaw 20 with respect to the cover 30 only maintains frangible material within these two components until they are of a size to pass beyond these components. By doing so, frangible material is not left within these components being grinded further, which would result in further reduction in size causing the creation of fine material.
  • a tray, or base, 50 is provided and is attached to the jaw 20. The tray may catch the frangible material that is already no longer requiring further reduction in size by engaging the jaw 20 and cover 30, and is moved towards the opening 40 by movement of the jaw 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the cover around the jaw. More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , the plate or cover 30 surrounds the elongated jaw 20 where both are angled downward. Broken frangible material is expended from the sides of the jaw 20 at the opening 40 created between the jaw 20 and the cover 30. The frangible material may pass through the opening 40 directly from being in contact with both the jaw 20 and cover 30 or once resting on the tray 50.
  • the term "sides" as used above means along any surface of the jaw 20.
  • the frangible material is fed into the system 10 at a distal end 60 of the j aw 20 when compared to the location of the opening 40.
  • the cover 30 may have a tapered shape, meaning more space is provided for between the cover 30 and jaw 20 at the distal end 60 of the jaw 20 when compared to the opening 40.
  • the tapered shape of the cover 30 may be at a similar tapered angle as the jaw 20.
  • the tapered angle of the cover 30 may be different than the jaw 20.
  • the cover is arranged to provide for increased crushing of material at an earlier location, closer to the distal end 60, on the jaw 20.
  • a reverse tapering of the cover 30 with respect to the jaw 20 may be employed.
  • the crushing may be considered uniform since the cover 30 is forcing crushing to occur earlier than if the cover 30 and jaw 20 had a similar tapered angle.
  • the cover may be placed or arranged to create an angle between the inner surface of the cover and the jaw 20.
  • the cover 30 may also be adjustable, meaning that it may be located so as to adjust the area 35 between the jaw 20 and the cover 30.
  • the adjustment may also adjust a size of the opening 40.
  • the opening 40 on a first side of the jaw 20 may be the same or different than the opening 40 on the second side of the jaw 20. This may be possible as the cover may be positioned closer to one side of the jaw 20 than the second side of the jaw 20.
  • the cover 30 may then be secured so that it does not move during operation of the system 10.
  • the cover 30 may be angled at an angle different than the angle of the jaw 20.
  • the cover 30 may have a greater angle to allow a greater area near the base 50 of the jaw 20.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the elongated jaw and the cover separated.
  • the jaw 20 may comprise a tapered shape or semi-triangular shape, when viewing the jaw 20 from either the opening 40 or distal end 60. Further shown is the base 50 located beneath the jaw 20.
  • a shape of the jaw 20 may comprise other shapes. As a non-limiting example, the width of the jaw 20 may either increase or decrease along its length from the distal end 60 to the opening 40.
  • the outer surface of the jaw 20 is shown as being segmented, in another embodiment it may be a smooth transition. More specifically, an outer surface of the jaw 20 may comprise a plurality of segments 85 of different diameters along the length of the jaw 20. The segments 85 may be symmetric or non-symmetric, as illustrated, with respect to the other segments 85.
  • a pattern may be inscribed, or etched in a surface of the jaw 20 to further assist with breaking of the frangible material.
  • An entrance, or passage, 65 is provided at the distal end 60 of the jaw 20 for frangible material to enter between the cover 30 and jaw 20.
  • that end of the jaw 20 may have an apex shape, a blunt shape, or a flattened end shape.
  • the cover 30 may be stationary during operation of the system 10. At least one connector 75 is provided to secure the cover to a part of the system 10 so that the cover is stationary during operation. Thus, receivers 72, 79 are provided on the cover 30 and the system and the connector 75 secures respective receivers together. In another embodiment, hydraulic cylinders may be used to hold the cover 30 in place.
  • the jaw 20 not only crushes the frangible material, but based on its movement, also pushes or moves the material forward along the elongated length of the jaw 20.
  • the jaw acts as a feeder. Doing so provides for less wear and tear on the drive mechanism 70 since frangible material is not concentrated at a signal region of the jaw during the breaking process. Less wear and tear is also realized as the jaw 20 and tray 50 are moving during operation which causes self-relieving of frangible material from being wedged, stuck, or packed between the jaw 20 and the cover 30.
  • less horsepower from the drive mechanism 70 is required. This is also due to the frangible material remaining loose, or not bunching up at a specific location along the jaw 20.
  • frangible material By the time frangible material approaches the end of the jaw 20 proximate the opening 40, much of the frangible material has already been broken down to a size that it has already passed from within the area 35 between the jaw 20 and the cover 30 and has fallen onto the conveyor 80 and transported away from the system 10. This further results in fewer or less fines or fine material being produced, when compared to prior art system, since the fines are not as usable as the crushed frangible material. Furthermore, because of the shape of the jaw 20, the system 10 is self-relieving as the movement of the jaw 20 in combination with the openings 40 provides for frangible material to exit the system immediately once of a size to pass through the opening 40.
  • the properly sized material can pass through the opening 40 either where the length of the elongated jaw 20 terminates at the opening 40. This is further realized as the tray captures early crushed frangible material and moves it towards the opening 40 by movement of the jaw 20 which also results in the moving of the base 50.
  • the system 10 may comprise a jaw 20 that is movable during operation of the system 10.
  • the jaw 20 may comprise an upper part to make contact with frangible material and a lower part.
  • the cover 30 may be stationary during operation of the system 10.
  • the cover 30 surrounds at least a segment of an upper part of the jaw 20 to create an area 35 between the jaw 20 and the cover 30 to reduce a size of frangible material during operation of the system 10.
  • the tray 50 may be located at the lower part of the jaw 20 to capture frangible material that falls from the area between the jaw 20 and the cover 30.
  • the jaw and the cover define an entrance 65 into which frangible material reduced in size is fed.
  • the jaw 20 and the cover 30 may define an exit 40 from which frangible material that has been reduced in size is removed from at least one of between the jaw 20 and the cover and the tray by movement of the jaw 20 during operation of the system 10.
  • An outer surface of the upper part of the jaw 20 may comprise a smooth surface or a plurality of segments where at least two of the segments of the plurality of segments are of different height, dimension, size, etc.
  • a receiving device 80 to collect frangible material that passes from the jaw and cover is disclosed.
  • the receiving device may be a conveyor system.
  • the jaw 20 is approximately six degrees to approximately eighty degrees from a surface upon which the system is placed.
  • the cover 30 may also be placed at approximately the same degrees as the jaw 20.
  • the cover 30 may be adjustable to define the area 35 between the cover and the jaw prior to operation of the system. Furthermore, the area 35 between the cover 30 and the jaw 20 may decrease from where frangible material is placed between the cover and the jaw and where the reduced sized frangible material exits from between the cover and the jaw 20.
  • the jaw 20 may comprise a generally triangular shape with a rounded vertex or the jaw 20 may comprise a tapered shape along its length with a base of the jaw 20 being larger at a first end and smaller
  • the system 10 comprises a nearly horizontal jaw 20 that is movable to reduce a size of frangible material, a stationary cover 30 around a top side of the jaw 20, an area 35 is defined between an outer surface of the jaw 20 and an inner surface of the cover 30, and a drive mechanism 70 to cause the jaw 20 to move to vary the area between the cover 30 and the jaw 20 to reduce the size of frangible material within the area 35.
  • a tray 50 is provided to capture frangible material that has been reduced in size, but is still within the area between the jaw 20 and the cover 30.
  • the tray 50 is movable by the drive mechanism 70 to cause the material within the tray 50 to move from the area between the jaw 20 and the cover 30 to an exit location 40.
  • the conveyor 80 captures frangible material that has been reduced in size to escape from within the area between the jaw 20 and the cover 30 during operation of the drive mechanism 70.
  • the cover 30 may be adjustable to define the area 35 between the cover 20 and the jaw 30.
  • the area 35 between the cover 30 and the jaw 20 may decrease from where frangible material is placed between the cover 30 and the jaw 20, the entrance 65 and where the reduced sized frangible material exits 40 from between the cover 30 and the jaw 20.
  • the nearly horizontal jaw 20 is approximately six degrees to approximately eighty degrees from a surface upon which the system 10 is placed.
  • FIG. 5 shows flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for minimizing production of fine material.
  • the method 500 comprises moving a nearly horizontal jaw driven by a drive mechanism with an upper part of the jaw surrounded by a stationary cover that with the jaw defines an area between the jaw and cover to reduce a size of frangible material, at 510.
  • the method further comprises capturing frangible material that is reduced in size to fall from within the area between the jaw and cover with a tray located at the lower part of the jaw and that is in motion by operation of the drive mechanism, at 520.
  • the method also comprises removing frangible material that is reduced in size from at least one of the area between the jaw and cover and tray with a conveyor system, at 530.
  • FIG. 6 shows another flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for minimizing a production of fine material.
  • the method 700 comprises moving a tapered jaw angled in a at least one of an eccentric motion, a forward direction and a backward direction along its length with a lifting and lowering movement in at least one of a forward direction and a backward direction, at 710.
  • the method 700 also comprises defining an area to receive frangible material between the jaw and a cover that surrounds an upper part of the jaw, at 720.
  • the method further comprises breaking frangible material within the area, starting at a base end of the tapered jaw until the frangible material is of a size to pass ("to pass" includes being capable of passing”) through an opening along a side between the jaw and the cover, at 730.
  • the method also comprises passing the frangible material downward along the length of the jaw by movement of the jaw until the frangible material is of the size to pass through the opening, at 740.
  • the frangible material is being transformed from larger pieces of material such as, but not limited to, concrete slabs, into smaller pieces of material that may then be recycled for use in other products.
  • the embodiments disclosed above also provide for non-packing of the frangible material during the crushing process. This is due to the system 10 being nearly horizontal so that the movement of the jaw 20 is not negatively impacted by gravitational forces as the frangible material is moved primarily in a forward and backward direction during the crushing process and not primarily in a vertical direction during the crushing process. When compared to prior art crushers, gravity usually prohibits frangible material to move backwards or toward where the frangible material initially engages a jaw. Thus, the embodiments disclosed herein provides for a self-relieving system and method. The driving mechanism 70 is causing sufficient movement of the jaw 20 and tray 50 to where any packed material is forcibly dislodged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Système (10) comprenant:
    une mâchoire presque horizontale (20) pouvant être déplacée pour réduire une taille de matériau cassant, la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) étant positionnée à un angle de 6° ± 2° à 80° ± 10° par rapport au sol ;
    un capot stable (30) autour d'un côté supérieur de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20), une zone (35) étant définie entre une surface extérieure de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et une surface intérieure du capot avec une ouverture (40) s'étendant depuis la zone (35) le long d'une longueur de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et du capot stable (30) ;
    un mécanisme d'entraînement (70) pour amener la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) à se déplacer dans une pluralité de directions afin de faire varier la zone (35) entre le capot (30) et la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) pour réduire une taille de matériau cassant au sein de la zone (35), déplacer le matériau cassant entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot stable (30) vers l'avant le long d'une longueur allongée de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et amener le matériau cassant coincé entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot (30) à se libérer ; et
    un plateau (50) situé au niveau de la partie inférieure de la mâchoire allongée (20), le long de la longueur allongée de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) pour collecter le matériau cassant qui tombe depuis la zone (35) entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot (30), le plateau (50) pouvant être déplacé par le mécanisme d'entraînement (70) pour amener le matériau cassant dans le plateau (50) à se déplacer depuis le dessous de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et du capot (30) vers un emplacement de sortie.
  2. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) comprenant une surface extérieure comprenant une surface lisse et/ou une pluralité de segments, et éventuellement les au moins deux des segments de la pluralité de segments étant de hauteur différente.
  3. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) comprenant une forme généralement triangulaire avec un sommet arrondi, ou la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) comprenant une forme effilée le long de sa longueur avec une base de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) étant plus grande à une première extrémité et plus petite à une seconde extrémité.
  4. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un transporteur (80) pour collecter le matériau cassant dont la taille a été réduite afin qu'il s'échappe de l'intérieur de la zone (35) entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot (30) pendant le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'entraînement (70).
  5. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, le capot (30) étant réglable pour la zone (35) entre le capot (30) et la mâchoire presque horizontale (20).
  6. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, la zone entre le capot (30) et la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) diminuant à partir de l'endroit où le matériau cassant est initialement placé entre le capot (30) et la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et où le matériau cassant de taille réduite sort d'une sortie située sur un côté entre le capot (30) et la mâchoire presque horizontale (20).
  7. Système (10) selon la revendication 1, la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) comprenant une partie supérieure pour entrer en contact avec un matériau cassant, une partie inférieure, une extrémité avant et une extrémité arrière.
  8. Système (10) selon la revendication 7, le plateau (50) étant fixé sous la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) au niveau de la partie inférieure et le mouvement de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) par le mécanisme d'entraînement provoquant le mouvement du plateau (50).
  9. Procédé comprenant :
    le déplacement d'une mâchoire presque horizontale (20) entraînée dans une pluralité de directions par un mécanisme d'entraînement (70) avec une partie supérieure de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) entourée d'un capot stable (30) qui, avec la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) définit une zone (35) entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot (30) servant à réduire une taille de matériau cassant, la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) étant positionnée à un angle de 6° ± 2° à 80° ± 10° par rapport au sol ;
    la collecte d'un matériau cassant dont la taille est réduite pour tomber, depuis l'intérieur de la zone (35) entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et le capot (30), sur un plateau (50) situé au niveau d'une partie inférieure de la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) et qui se déplace par le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'entraînement (70) ;
    le déplacement du matériau cassant le long d'une longueur du plateau (50) vers un emplacement de sortie ; et
    le retrait de matière cassant, à l'emplacement de sortie, dont la taille est réduite, depuis la zone (35) entre la mâchoire presque horizontale (20) le capot (30) et/ou le plateau (50) par un système de transporteur (80).
EP16808278.2A 2015-06-09 2016-06-09 Système et procédé pour minimiser la matière fine produite lors de l'écrasement d'un matériau cassable Active EP3307439B8 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16808278T PL3307439T3 (pl) 2015-06-09 2016-06-09 System i sposób minimalizacji drobnego materiału wytwarzanego podczas kruszenia kruchego materiału

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562173042P 2015-06-09 2015-06-09
PCT/US2016/036681 WO2016201093A1 (fr) 2015-06-09 2016-06-09 Système et procédé pour minimiser la matière fine produite lors de l'écrasement d'un matériau cassable

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3307439A1 EP3307439A1 (fr) 2018-04-18
EP3307439A4 EP3307439A4 (fr) 2019-01-23
EP3307439B1 true EP3307439B1 (fr) 2021-07-21
EP3307439B8 EP3307439B8 (fr) 2021-08-25

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EP16808278.2A Active EP3307439B8 (fr) 2015-06-09 2016-06-09 Système et procédé pour minimiser la matière fine produite lors de l'écrasement d'un matériau cassable

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3307439B8 (fr)
ES (1) ES2894942T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3307439T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US450890A (en) * 1891-04-21 Ore-crusher
US581756A (en) * 1897-05-04 morris
US2264915A (en) * 1938-04-29 1941-12-02 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Jaw crusher
US2591639A (en) * 1948-04-14 1952-04-01 Jr Samuel W Traylor Jaw type crusher
NL2004700C2 (nl) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-14 Koos Jacobus Schenk Breekinrichting.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
PL3307439T3 (pl) 2021-12-20
EP3307439A1 (fr) 2018-04-18
EP3307439B8 (fr) 2021-08-25
EP3307439A4 (fr) 2019-01-23
ES2894942T3 (es) 2022-02-16

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