EP3301228A1 - Panneau de protection multicouche et système pour murs de sous-sol - Google Patents

Panneau de protection multicouche et système pour murs de sous-sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3301228A1
EP3301228A1 EP17001569.7A EP17001569A EP3301228A1 EP 3301228 A1 EP3301228 A1 EP 3301228A1 EP 17001569 A EP17001569 A EP 17001569A EP 3301228 A1 EP3301228 A1 EP 3301228A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
draining
selvedge
filtering
panel
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Granted
Application number
EP17001569.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3301228B1 (fr
Inventor
Luciano Mazzer
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Iwis Insulation Waterproofing Industrial Systems Srl
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Iwis Insulation Waterproofing Industrial Systems Srl
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-layer protection panel and system for basement walls.
  • said protection panel is of the composite type and integrates different functions, it being intended to thermally insulate, drain, protect from water and ventilate at the extrados the walls in contact with the ground, also with a draining pocket for housing the longitudinal drainage pipe placed below; furthermore, the invention describes a protection system for basement walls providing the use of said panel.
  • the invention finds specific application in the building industry and in particular in the sector of semi-finished components for building such as, as a non-exclusive example, the insulating panels and the draining membranes for underground masonry works.
  • insulating panels In the field of the products for building the panels for thermal insulation are widely known and widespread, which are also called insulating panels, and which are made of a rigid and cheap material, of extremely reduced weight but with high insulating efficiency, such as expanded polystyrene, also known by the English acronym EPS, or extruded polystyrene, which is also known as XPS.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • XPS extruded polystyrene
  • said panels of EPS or XPS are single-layer, having a thickness between 2 cm and 20 cm, and have smooth surfaces and rabbeted side edges, that is to say, provided with complementary profile steps, to be automatically aligned during laying and facilitate the continuous installation of adjacent panels.
  • Such panels are widely used at the extrados of vertical walls and also in the interspaces between partition walls, in the floors and in the cover pitches; in particular, the panels of XPS feature perfectly closed and uniform cells and are more suitable where, in addition to the thermal-insulating power, one also requires compressive strength and/or water repellency, as for example in case of underground rooms or in inverted roofs.
  • the vapour membranes for example, one should remember the vapour membranes, the waterproofing bituminous membranes, the draining membranes, the geomembranes as well as the separating sheets of non-woven fabric.
  • the waterproof membranes of the thin type in the form of a smooth, single-layer plate, made of a plastic material like polyethylene or polypropylene are widespread, which can be easily applied on the screeds and on the floors to ensure watertightness or with a separating function, below fragile coverings such as marble slabs, preventing cracks and detachments.
  • the membranes of the bossed type are known and widespread, that is to say, thin, shaped plates with cavities and protrusions, for example cylindrical, frusto-conical or shaped as a truncated pyramid, in such a way as to act as a spacer between the layers and/or to compensate for any possible crushing; often, therefore, such bossed membranes are used in underground buildings as a waterproofing and external protection element, being arranged vertically at the extrados of basement rooms and sometimes horizontally on the screeds.
  • the draining geocomposites or geomats made up of a spacing core of polypropylene wires in the form of a mat or of a three-dimensional geonet of polyethylene, with the filtering layer coupled on one or on both faces; to this purpose, in particular, see the product called Qdrain by said Italian company TeMa Technologies and Materials S.r.l., which also can be provided with a polyolefin sheet of the waterproof type coupled on the face opposite to the filtering layer.
  • olefins the resins of the type called olefins, and in particular said polyethylene, which can be low-density, medium-density or also high-density, being respectively called LDPE, MDPE and HDPE; as an alternative, said polypropylene, also known by the acronym PP, or thermoplastic polyolefins, known by the acronym TPO, are suitable.
  • polystyrene is also used, which is known by the acronym PS.
  • PS polystyrene
  • Such raw materials can be virgin or regenerated, the latter being derived from the recovery of products in the post-production or post-consumption phase.
  • a more integrated solution with respect to the currently available solutions is not known and is highly desirable, in the form of a modular and multifunction prefabricated element, which simultaneously allows to thermally insulate, drain, protect from water and also ventilate said basement wall, it being easy to be carried and laid, cheap, safe, long-lasting, and also intended to limit the consumption of building material.
  • the prior art document D1 describes an insulating panel of foamed material for underground rooms which has a face provided with vertical grooves for the purpose of draining.
  • D2 proposes an improved solution of an insulating and draining panel in which the smooth face is positioned adherent to a wall that has been previously waterproofed with a bituminous sheath, while the opposite face, that is to say, at the extrados, is provided with vertical draining grooves and is also frontally coupled with a waterproof filtering layer in such a way as to facilitate the water flow below the panel, where a holed drainage pipe is longitudinally arranged in a ballast.
  • D3 describes a multi-layer panel for insulating and draining basement walls, which is of the composite type it being made up of an insulating plate of foamed polystyrene, laterally rabbeted for the purposes of side-by-side positioning, which is externally coupled with a rigid draining element formed by a thin, three-dimensionally shaped layer, for example a bossed or waved fabric, which is filled on the back with mortar of cement, sand and scrap material in such a way as to get harder and adhere to said insulating plate; furthermore, a filtering layer is frontally joined, on the head of the protrusions, in order to ensure drainage without obstructions.
  • D4 proposes a rigid plate of polystyrene of the back draining type being provided with water draining grooves on the face facing the wall, wherein said wall has been previously waterproofed; the opposite face facing the ground, that is to say, at the extrados, is coupled with a larger filtering layer in such a way as to skirt as a selvedge on two adjacent edges, that is to say, bordering each other, to enable a partial overlapping of said filtering layer during the laying of adjacent plates.
  • Said draining grooves are provided in multiple configurations, for example, in an orthogonal or diagonal grid; as an alternative, again for the purpose of draining the face facing the wall, there are cylindrical elements that protrude like spacers.
  • D5 is a particular solution of trench longitudinal drainage, consisting of a draining core of a diamond meshed three-dimensional geonet, of high-density polyethylene wires, enclosed between two filtering layers of a material of the non-woven geotextile type, welded to each other in such a way as to form a pocket intended to house a slotted draining pipe.
  • D6 and D7 are two similar solutions of a multi-layer panel for basement walls, of the insulating and draining type, made up of an insulating plate of extruded polystyrene that has a smooth surface facing the wall, and, on the other hand, on the face facing outwards, is coupled with a draining element consisting of a bossed membrane of HDPE that in its turn is coupled at the extrados with a filtering layer of a material of the geotextile type, being facing the ground.
  • Said plate of polystyrene is laterally rabbeted for the purpose of laying continuity, in such a way as to be laid aligned and adherent to the surrounding elements; said filtering layer is skirting on one side as a selvedge in order to enable partial overlapping and protect said draining element from obstructions.
  • the above-mentioned panels provide mechanical protection and allow to thermally insulate underground rooms but, however, do not perform properly and in an integrated way, that is to say, simultaneously, the functions of draining, waterproofing and ventilation of the basement wall. Furthermore, it has been observed that the solutions currently available on the market are not easy as far as laying is concerned, they being improvable in their coupling logic and in the sealing of adjacent elements.
  • the external taping between the plates does not prevent the drain water that falls vertically from penetrating from the edges of the panel and wetting the corresponding wall portion, therefore it is necessary in any case to preliminarily waterproof the whole underground wall, for example by means of a conventional application of a priming layer and a bituminous layer, implying long times and high costs.
  • the operators of the sector know that the slotted pipe, longitudinally laid below said draining layer, must be placed in a ballast for the purpose of ensuring operating efficiency and in order not to get clogged; it has also been observed that the modern prefabricated draining devices for trenches, of the filtering pocket type, in which said slotted pipe is housed below a draining core enclosed between two filtering layers as for example in D5, could contribute to limiting the costs connected with the supply and laying of said ballast but, however, they are expensive to purchase and are also redundant in the sizes and in the function if partially superimposed to other draining and/or filtering elements, as can occur in combination with the above-described panels.
  • insulating and draining panels are not known that also allow to efficiently ventilate said basement wall, for a healthy transpiration outwards, as on the other hand occurs for above ground masonries; in particular, it has been observed that the need to preliminarily waterproof the external surface of the wall makes any solution of ventilation from outside ineffective, as for example would occur if cavities open towards the surface to be ventilated were integrated in said insulating panel.
  • the insulating panel with reverse drainage as for example in D4 that is to say, provided with grooves on the back surface that are positioned behind the wall to drain downwards the water that if necessary is drawn from the opposite face, directly against the ground, that substantially acts as a protection barrier; in this case, in fact, said grooves do not serve in any way to ventilate but only to drain, since the water is in direct contact with the external surface of the wall which, therefore, must be previously waterproofed. Furthermore, with such a draining solution there is a greater risk of infiltrations.
  • Said second and third layer being flexible, frontally skirt above and below the insulating layer as an upper selvedge (107) and a lower selvedge (108), for protection purposes and for transpiration; on the front face, in combination with said lower selvedge, a filtering pocket (105) open from the bottom is frontally integrated, for the housing of the holed pipe (40) of longitudinal drainage. Furthermore, a protection system for basement walls that provides the use of said panel (10) is described.
  • the protection panel proposed by the invention allows to simultaneously and easily:
  • the proposed solution is considerably easier as far as laying is concerned and cheaper, with respect to the known and conventional solutions, to obtain efficient mechanical protection, thermal insulation, drainage, protection from water and ventilation of the basement walls.
  • the rigid insulating layer is more protected from above against infiltrations and/or obstructions of the ground, since the front draining and filtering layers are larger with respect to the rigid insulating layer, to skirt above and be joined to a head section intended to fix them; simultaneously, by this solution humid air is allowed to go back behind the panel and exit from above, for a healthy and natural ventilation.
  • the conventional ballast that is provided at the base of the wall, or outside the wall footing, for housing the holed pipe of longitudinal drainage, has been eliminated, or considerably reduced; to this purpose, in the invention the front draining and filtering layers are larger to skirt below the rigid insulating plate and up to below said holed pipe, substantially forming a draining pocket that is intended to house it, keeping it in the correct position and protecting it from any infiltrations and/or obstructions.
  • the present invention relates to an innovative multi-layer protection panel (10) for basement walls (20), that is to say, substantially vertical building structures and in contact with the ground, and to the protection system that makes use of said panel (10).
  • the proposed solution allows, in an easy and economical way, to thermally insulate, drain, protect from water and from external stresses, and also to ventilate at extrados the external wall of an underground room (201,202) ( Fig. 5 ).
  • Said panel (10) is of the composite type, comprising multiple layers pre-coupled with each other as a prefabricated element; in particular, it is made up of a first insulating layer (101), consisting of a rigid plate of XPS with particular ventilation channels (104) on the back face, a second layer (102) of the draining type consisting of a bossed plastic membrane, and a third filtering layer (103) consisting of a geotextile; said second and third layer, being flexible, skirting frontally above and below the insulating plate forming an upper selvedge (107) and a lower selvedge (108) respectively, for protection purposes and for transpiration.
  • a filtering pocket (105) open from the bottom is integrated, for the housing of the holed pipe (40) of longitudinal drainage, instead of the conventional ballast ( Figures 1 , 3 ).
  • the head fixing of the panel must not necessarily be above ground level but can be a little below it, for example at a depth of some centimetres, in such a way as to hide the panel from view and also to prevent water from entering ( Fig. 6a ).
  • said protection panel (10) has such a length as to cover in height the wall to be drained, eliminating the horizontal joints that may cause some infiltrations in the course of time; laterally, on the other hand, each panel is jointed, it being of the modular type.
  • the proposed protection system therefore, cannot be defined as waterproof; however, the invention frontally provides high protection from water in vertical continuity and up to the draining pipe placed below the wall, following without interruptions the natural flow of the liquid, and also enables said ventilation at the back. To this purpose, the invention provides not to seal at the extrados the underground wall, avoiding for example the laying of the conventional waterproof bituminous layers, and enables transpiration.
  • said first insulating layer (101) is in correspondence of the back face (116) of the panel, to be laid behind the wall (20), and consists of a rigid plate of XPS wherein the back face (116) is provided with multiple ventilation channels (104) parallel to each other and arranged vertically at full height, that is to say, from the lower edge (114) to the upper edge (113), in such a way as to be placed in direct contact with the external surface (201) of said wall creating space for transpiration; it can be observed that such a ventilation system is created by means of a pressure variation inside said channels (104) and up to the upper end of the panel (101,102,103) ( Figures 1 , 4a-b ).
  • Said first insulating layer (101) has a continuous rabbet (109) of the male-female type in the two opposite vertical sides (115), for high lateral waterproofing in case of adjacent panels (10) ( Figures 1-2 ).
  • Said second layer (102) consists of a thin bossed membrane of HDPE, which is joined on the smooth front of said first layer (101) in such a way as to keep the protrusions or bosses (106) facing the ground (117, 30).
  • said third layer (103) is of the filtering type and consists of a geotextile, that is to say, a water-permeable fabric of artificial material that is characterised by tensile strength and is used to improve the geotechnical characteristics of soils; it is frontally joined on the head of said bosses (106) to form a draining space in correspondence of the front face (117), that is to say, facing the ground (30) ( Figures 1 , 4a-b ).
  • the second layer (102) and the third layer (103) are joined to each other as a draining and flexible membrane, have a width (L) equal to that of said first layer (101), that is to say, laterally aligned, and have, on the other hand, a greater height (H) with respect to it (101) skirting above (113) and below (114) to form an upper selvedge (107) and a lower selvedge (108) respectively in such a way as to convey the water downwards in vertical draining continuity, from a height close to the ground level (301,302) and up to the base of the wall (20), that is to say, where the housing of a holed pipe (40) of longitudinal drainage is provided.
  • said upper selvedge (102,103,107) protrudes by at least 15 cm from the upper edge (113) of the first layer (101) in such a way as to adapt to the wall and to said first insulating layer and so as to be joined by means a fixing section (50) of the step-like type, intended to be laid at a depth close to the ground level, for protection from backfilling and from water and also to allow behind the wall (20, 201) said pressure variation ( Figures 1-3 ).
  • Said lower selvedge (108) extends downwards for at least 20 cm from the lower edge (114) of the first layer (101) and up to the provided draining depth, that is to say, in correspondence of the holed pipe (40) of longitudinal drainage that is conventionally laid at the base of the underground structures, often around the wall footing (203) ( Figures 5 , 7a-b ); in particular, it can be observed that said drainage is at full height, in vertical continuity, that is to say, from said section (50) and up to said holed pipe (40), wherein said lower selvedge (108) enables a partial winding from behind of said pipe (40) to convey directly to it all the water drained from the panel (10) with a vertical flow from the top downwards, like a drainpipe ( Figures 1-3 , 5 ).
  • said panel (10) integrates at the front a filtering pocket (105) for said holed pipe (40), open from the bottom, of a geotextile that is partially superimposed to said third layer (103) in correspondence of said lower selvedge (108) and welded to it only on the upper edge (110) in such a way as to protrude from the bottom to enable a partial winding from the front of said holed pipe (40) that is laid between them (105, 108), which act in combination from the front and from the back respectively, draining the overlying ground (112) instead of a housing on gravel ( Figures 2-3 , 5 , 7a-b ).
  • said first, second and third layer (101,102,103) have a width (L) of 60 cm, net of said rabbet (109), with an overall thickness (S3) of 60 mm wherein said first layer (101, S1) is of 50 mm and the front draining layers (102,103, S2) are of 10 mm as a whole.
  • the layer of geotextile that forms said pocket (105) has in-plane dimensions of 65 cm of width and 50 cm of height, wherein the pocket is 5 cm wider than the underlying layers (101,102,103) to protrude from one side as a lateral selvedge (111) and overlap in filtering continuity the pocket of an adjacent panel (10).
  • Said ventilation channels (104) have, individually, cross-section sizes of 5 mm x 5 mm, with a distance between centres between the channels of 40 mm.
  • an insulating layer (101) having a thickness (S1) between 20 mm and 200 mm is suitable for invention; for example, nowadays, for similar uses, panels of XPS having a standard thickness of 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm or 120 mm are used.
  • said draining and filtering layers (102,103) can have thicknesses (S2) other than the preferred ones indicated above, being for example greater or smaller to be adapted to particular environmental conditions.
  • the overall height of the panel comprising the rigid part (H), the flexible selvedges (107,108) and the filtering pocket (105), is substantially equal to the provided draining depth and such as to cover the underground wall (20, 201,202) at full height, that is to say, from the section (50) of fixing to the holed pipe (40) of longitudinal drainage.
  • the height (H) of the rigid layer (101) can be between 140 cm and 320 cm wherein one generally provides values of about 160 cm for the partially underground rooms (202) ( Fig. 5 ) or about 280 cm for the completely underground ones, to which one must add the height of said selvedges (107,108) which is of at least 15 cm and 20 cm respectively, and the height of the skirting part of the pocket (105) that is of about 30 cm for the purpose of enabling an easy winding of said pipe (40) in combination with the lower selvedge (108).
  • said second and third layer (102,103) can advantageously be joined by means of heat coupling; on the other hand, said first and second layer (102,103) can be joined by means of the application of adhesive.
  • said pocket can be welded by heat deposition of a rectilinear band of bitumen (110) ( Figures 1 , 4a-b ).
  • said second layer (102) is a bossed membrane of HDPE acting simultaneously as a spacing element and as a waterproof membrane, for the purpose of draining; moreover, it protects from external mechanical stresses and simplifies the coupling with the other layers, both on the front and on the back, having even supporting surfaces on both faces. Therefore, it was observed that such a solution is particularly effective, economical and easy to be produced industrially.
  • an equivalent solution of the composite type is provided, as a spacing core pre-coupled with a waterproof sheet; for example, the draining geocomposites of single wires of PP or the three-dimensional geonets of HDPE, which at the front are coupled with said third filtering layer (103) of geotextile and at the back are joined to a polyolefin sheet, which in its turn is coupled at the back with said first insulating layer (101) of XPS, are suitable for invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
EP17001569.7A 2016-09-28 2017-09-22 Panneau de protection multicouche et système pour murs de sous-sol Active EP3301228B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102016000097162A IT201600097162A1 (it) 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 "pannello e sistema di protezione multistrato per pareti controterra"

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EP3301228A1 true EP3301228A1 (fr) 2018-04-04
EP3301228B1 EP3301228B1 (fr) 2019-05-08

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IT (1) IT201600097162A1 (fr)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113756452A (zh) * 2021-09-13 2021-12-07 中电建路桥集团有限公司 一种地下室外墙与顶板的转角防水结构
CN117230902A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2023-12-15 福建亿普特防水技术有限公司 一种地下室外墙防渗结构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111764440A (zh) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-13 常州东华建筑安装工程有限公司 一种建筑地下室抗浮泄压减压排水系统及其施工方法

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US4704048A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-11-03 John Ahlgrimm Subterranean drainage
US4730953A (en) * 1986-10-15 1988-03-15 Tarko Paul L Insulated waterproof drainage material
US4923331A (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-05-08 John Kreikemeier Composite ground water drainable system
DE19503489A1 (de) 1994-08-10 1996-02-15 Gefinex Jackon Gmbh Bauschutzplatte
EP0799939A2 (fr) 1996-03-16 1997-10-08 Heidelberger Dämmsysteme GmbH Plaque de drainage, étanchéité et/ou isolante thermique
CA2183376A1 (fr) * 1996-08-15 1998-02-16 Russell Charles Graul Panneau a double paroi en matiere plastique servant entre autres a l'evacuation de l'eau
EP0874089A2 (fr) 1997-04-19 1998-10-28 Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Diehl Elément isolant et drainant en mousse de matière plastique rigide et procédé de son utilisation dans le sol
US5860259A (en) * 1995-05-15 1999-01-19 Laska; Walter A. Masonry insulated board with integral drainage

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US4309855A (en) * 1980-05-02 1982-01-12 Indian Head Inc. Wall drainage system
RU30367U1 (ru) * 2002-12-02 2003-06-27 Томский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет Устройство пристенного дренажа
RU2462560C1 (ru) * 2011-05-20 2012-09-27 Василий Петрович Ягин Подземная часть бетонной стены с пристенным дренажом

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3113807A1 (de) 1981-04-06 1982-10-21 VWS-Growalit GmbH Vollwärmeschutz - Dämmstoffe - Dämmsysteme, 6945 Hirschberg Isolierplatte aus geschaeumtem kunststoff
US4704048A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-11-03 John Ahlgrimm Subterranean drainage
US4730953A (en) * 1986-10-15 1988-03-15 Tarko Paul L Insulated waterproof drainage material
US4923331A (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-05-08 John Kreikemeier Composite ground water drainable system
DE19503489A1 (de) 1994-08-10 1996-02-15 Gefinex Jackon Gmbh Bauschutzplatte
US5860259A (en) * 1995-05-15 1999-01-19 Laska; Walter A. Masonry insulated board with integral drainage
EP0799939A2 (fr) 1996-03-16 1997-10-08 Heidelberger Dämmsysteme GmbH Plaque de drainage, étanchéité et/ou isolante thermique
CA2183376A1 (fr) * 1996-08-15 1998-02-16 Russell Charles Graul Panneau a double paroi en matiere plastique servant entre autres a l'evacuation de l'eau
EP0874089A2 (fr) 1997-04-19 1998-10-28 Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Diehl Elément isolant et drainant en mousse de matière plastique rigide et procédé de son utilisation dans le sol

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113756452A (zh) * 2021-09-13 2021-12-07 中电建路桥集团有限公司 一种地下室外墙与顶板的转角防水结构
CN117230902A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2023-12-15 福建亿普特防水技术有限公司 一种地下室外墙防渗结构
CN117230902B (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-01-30 福建亿普特防水技术有限公司 一种地下室外墙防渗结构

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EP3301228B1 (fr) 2019-05-08
IT201600097162A1 (it) 2018-03-28
RU2679150C1 (ru) 2019-02-06

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