EP3300880A1 - Broyeur à rouleaux verticaux - Google Patents

Broyeur à rouleaux verticaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3300880A1
EP3300880A1 EP17193483.9A EP17193483A EP3300880A1 EP 3300880 A1 EP3300880 A1 EP 3300880A1 EP 17193483 A EP17193483 A EP 17193483A EP 3300880 A1 EP3300880 A1 EP 3300880A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counter
pressure plate
die
press
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17193483.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3300880B1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Felbermayr
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Felbermayr Natalia
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3300880A1 publication Critical patent/EP3300880A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3300880B1 publication Critical patent/EP3300880B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/227—Means for dividing the extruded material into briquets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/026—Mounting of dies, platens or press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/028—Loading or unloading of dies, platens or press rams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pug mill with flat die for the production of pellets.
  • a curling press is a device for producing pellets, in which the material to be pelletized is pressed by means of the rollers through the press channels of the horizontal die.
  • the EP 0101614 A2 shows a Koller press with this known structure.
  • the DE3324856A1 shows the use of such a pug mill in a towed device for making straw pellets directly on the field.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that the drive of the curling press is below the die and is coupled above with the die with the roller head. To change the die, it is therefore necessary to first remove the roller head. This in itself is a time-consuming task and is complicated by the fact that the roller head rotates in the feed hopper of the edge mill, which means especially in systems with automatic feeding systems that often the entire hopper of the pimping press is to be removed additionally.
  • rollers do not rotate about the king shaft and the die rotates with the king shaft, which is also in this case, the drive of the vertical shaft below the die.
  • two rollers are mounted on a common shaft, wherein the two ends of the shaft are fixed above the die in the housing of the hopper. To change the die, it is necessary to remove the hopper with the hull and subsequently release the coupling of the die with the king shaft, which in turn is a relatively time-consuming activity.
  • the DE2714614A1 shows a Koller press, which has an overhead drive shaft of the Koller.
  • the die is supported below the Koller on individual printing cylinders.
  • a pressure relief valve Through the use of a pressure relief valve, a pressure can be set, from which the die is pressed against the pressure cylinders from the hull to Damage caused by hard foreign bodies should be avoided.
  • the disadvantage is that only the contact pressure of the die can be controlled, but the die is not height adjustable.
  • the US2670697A shows a Kollerpresse with overhead drive the Koller. A height adjustment of the die is not given.
  • the object underlying the invention is to provide a pellet press with a flat die for the production of pellets, which provides a rapid adaptation of the distance of the die to the knurls and / or a quick and easy accessibility of the die or a quick and easy change the die allows.
  • this curling press should be used in mobile mobile or drawn Pelletiervorraumen to allow rapid adaptation of the die to the material to be pelleted.
  • the flat die is supported from below by a height-adjustable counter pressure plate.
  • the flat die can be made accessible by lowering the platen.
  • a baler for the production of pellets in which a roller head with at least two roller rollers rotates above a flat die in a housing, wherein the drive of the roller head by a Bevel takes place, which is mounted above the kneading head and the flat die is supported by a present below this height-adjustable counter-pressure plate.
  • the vertical shaft is mounted above the die or held in the device and the knuckle head is mounted or held on the king shaft, so that the distance between Koller and die is adjustable by adjusting the height of the platen.
  • the counter-pressure plate remain the king shaft and the roller head in the device, so that the die is quickly accessible.
  • the counter-pressure plate is preferably attached via a height-adjustable element on the housing, in particular a swing-out part of the housing of the device.
  • the height-variable element is preferably in the form of a piston, in particular in the form of a hydraulic cylinder or a gas spring.
  • an articulated arm or a scissor lift can be used.
  • linear drives such as spindle drives could be used.
  • the die or the counter-pressure plate is fixed in the working position by a mechanical locking element, so that it can not experience any height adjustment in operation due to the height-variable element.
  • the mechanical locking element is preferably in the form of a quick release, for example in the form of clamping levers or a connecting clamp (v band clamp).
  • a mechanical locking element is advantageous because the height-variable element in the form of the hydraulic cylinder could drop unintentionally when the hydraulic pressure drops.
  • the counter-pressure plate is arranged in a lower housing portion of the curling press, said lower housing portion rests in operation on an upper housing portion of the curling press and is fixed by the locking member against this.
  • both housing sections are tubular, this is preferably done by said connection clamp.
  • the two tubular housing sections are preferably with the same inner and outer diameter and coaxial with each other.
  • the counter-pressure plate is held vertically adjustable in the lower housing portion of the curling press, so that by adjusting the height of the counter-pressure plate in the lower housing portion of the distance between the flat die and the knurls is adjustable.
  • the counter-pressure plate is a disc, which is provided at the peripheral portion with a thread, wherein the lower housing portion is a tube which is provided with an internal thread.
  • the device has a cutter, which rotates below the flat die.
  • the cutter is driven by the vertical shaft, for which the vertical shaft protrudes through a central opening of the flat die.
  • the cutter is coupled via a planetary gear with the king shaft, whereby the fixed planet carrier enable a support of the flat die.
  • the support can be done by the planet carrier itself or by additional support elements which protrude between the planet gears through the planetary gear.
  • the curling press according to the invention is used in or with a mobile self-propelled or towed machine, which receives the material to be pelleted from the ground, wherein the recorded material to be pelletized is pressed by the pug mill into pellets. The machine can only absorb the material to be pelleted, or cut off and pick this up.
  • the pug mill is adapted by changing the flat die to the recorded material to be pelleted, so that it can be pressed into pellets without the addition of water or binders such as molasses or oil and the flat die reaches an operating temperature of about 90 ° C during pelleting.
  • Fig. 1 the overall structure of an exemplary embodiment of the invention Kollerpresse 1 is shown.
  • the pellets are formed by the pressing channels of the flat die 2, in that the material to be pressed is pressed by the rotating, circumferential rolling rollers 3 through the pressing channels of the flat die 2.
  • the Flat die 2 is fixed and the rolling rollers 3 rotate about the king shaft 4.
  • the rolling head is coupled via a cone connection without play with the king shaft 4.
  • the kneading head has a plurality, preferably two to four Kollerwellen, which extend horizontally and on which the rolling rollers 3 are rotatably mounted. If the roller head is set in rotation, the roller rollers 3 roll on the flat die 2 or on the material to be pressed. This operation is known in the art.
  • worm gear 5 which is driven by a motor 6.
  • engine 6 which may be, for example, a combustion, electric, or hydraulic motor
  • worm gear 5 may be arranged further power transmission elements such as gear transmission or belt drives.
  • the housing of the overhead worm gear 5 is sealed relative to the housing 7 of the baling press 1.
  • the housing 7 has at least one opening through which material can be fed into the baling press 1, preferably automatically by a conveying device 8, for example in the form of a screw conveyor or a blower.
  • the material supply preferably takes place laterally by a plurality of conveyors 8 which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the housing 7, as uniform as possible material distribution on the flat die. 2 to reach.
  • the baling press 1 has a lower housing 9, which can be lowered for the die change.
  • the lower housing 9 is pressed or secured against the housing 7 of the curling press 1 by a locking element.
  • the locking element is as in Fig. 3 illustrated, preferably, an annular connecting clip 10, which has two spaced circumferential projections. A projection of the connecting clip 10 is in engagement with a circumferential projection of the housing 7 and the other projection of the connecting clip 10 is in engagement with a circumferential projection of the lower housing 9.
  • the lower housing 9 and the housing 7 are tubular at least in the region of the connection clamp formed and, as shown, each have a circumferential groove or alternatively each have a circumferential widened area, for example in the form of a flange.
  • the connection clamp 10 is reduced in size and schematically in Fig. 3 shown from above. The connection clamp 10 can be quickly opened and closed by operating the illustrated lever.
  • Fig. 2 As in Fig. 2 can be seen, is fixed by the connecting clamp 10, the lower housing 9 in its horizontal and vertical position, but can be rotated about its axis.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 In the lower housing 9, the counter-pressure plate 11 is received, which supports the flat die 2.
  • a cutter 12 Between the counter-pressure plate 11 and the flat die 2 is preferably a cutter 12, which cuts off the material strands emerging from the flat die 2 when a certain length is reached.
  • the cutter 12 is made adjustable in height in order to adjust the maximum length of the pellets produced.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 13, or another variable-height element.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 13 is mounted on a carrier 14, which has a fixed distance with respect to the housing 7.
  • the carrier 14 is preferably pivotally connected to the device about a vertical axis.
  • the height-adjustable element can also be designed as a damper or gas spring in order to brake the downward movement of the lower housing 7 after opening the quick-release fastener or the connecting clip 10, and optionally the To assist upward movement, so that the lower housing 9 does not have to be manually held against the housing 7 for re-applying the connection clamp 10.
  • Fig. 3 the poller 1 is shown with lowered lower housing 9, wherein the lower housing 9 can now be swung out with the support 14 under the upper housing 7 in order to achieve better accessibility of the flat die 2.
  • the kneading head is kept at the connecting cone of the vertical shaft 4 and is thus not lowered.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 is provided with a circular periphery and is provided on its lateral surface with a thread 15 which is in engagement with a thread on the inside of the tubular lower housing 9.
  • Fig. 4 the counter-pressure plate 11 and the cutter 12 are shown in detail, in sectional view from the side and from above. In the view from above, the base of the platen 11 is shown dark to make the components more distinguishable.
  • the cutter 12 is driven by the vertical shaft 4, instead of providing its own underlying drive for the cutter 12.
  • the cutter 12 In order to quickly detach the cutter 12 with the king shaft 4 and also to allow central support of the flat die 2, it is provided to connect the king shaft 4 with the cutter 12 with a planetary gear.
  • the central sun gear is formed by the lower end of the vertical shaft 4.
  • the sun gear three planetary gears 16 are preferably engaged, which each rotate about a fixed planetary carrier 17.
  • the cutter 12 itself has the ring gear, which rotates externally about the planet gears 16 and thus rotates about the axis of the vertical shaft 4.
  • the planet carrier 17 are fixedly connected to the counter-pressure plate 11 and serve as a support for the flat die 2.
  • the flat die 2 is thus centrally supported at three points, namely by the tripod formed by the planetary carriers 17.
  • the flat die 2 bores into which the planet carrier 17 protrude.
  • the planetary carrier 17 at the upper end in each case a pin, which is present with a smaller diameter and thus forms an annular bearing surface. If the planet carrier 17 protrude into holes in the flat die 2, this is secured against rotation.
  • the flat die 2 for example in the peripheral region of the counterpressure plate 11, outside the reach of the cutter 12, for example in the annular region of the counter-pressure plate 11, which is present around the openings 18.
  • the openings 18 serve as outlet openings, so that the produced pellets can fall down through counter-pressure plate 11, from where they are preferably conveyed by a conveying device, not shown, into a container.
  • the planet gears 16 can thus be height-adjustable together with the ring gear so the cutter 12 along the planet carrier 17.
  • the planet gears 16 may be formed as wider rollers and the ring gear so the cutter 12 along the planet gears 16 be adjustable in height.
  • the knives shown as bars of the cutter 12 may be height-adjustable fixed to the ring gear.
  • the vertical shaft 4 protrudes through a central opening of the flat die 2, which is sufficiently sealed against material entry.
  • the coupling or decoupling of the planet gears 16 with the sun gear of the king shaft 4 takes place automatically when lifting or lowering the counterpressure plate 11 vertically with the hydraulic cylinder 13.
  • Fig. 5 some particularly preferred embodiments or particularly preferred details of the lower part of the device according to the invention are shown, wherein a preferred Execution of the adjustment mechanism of the cutter 12 is shown.
  • the planet wheels 16 are cylindrical, so that their toothing extends over the entire adjustment of the cutter 12.
  • the cutter 12 is designed as a flat ring with internal teeth, protrude from the preferred 2 or more elongated cutting away.
  • the height adjustment by means of several rings 19, which can be placed either above or below the cutter 12 either.
  • rings 19 may be present with different thicknesses.
  • the exchange of the rings 19 can be done in the open state of the device and with removed flat die 2.
  • a further preferred embodiment relates to a torsion-resistant connection of the upper housing 7 and the lower housing 9, which can be realized as shown by at least two bolts 20, which protrude from the lower housing 9 in holes of the upper housing 7.
  • a further preferred embodiment relates to a twist-resistant connection of the flat die 2 with the counter-pressure plate 11, which can be realized as shown by at least two, for example three bolts 21, which protrude from the counter-pressure plate 11 in holes of the flat die 2.
  • a further preferred embodiment relates to an automated height adjustment of the counter-pressure plate 11 in the lower housing 9, wherein the lower housing 9 is torsionally connected to the upper housing 7.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 in its lower peripheral portion, below the thread 15, a toothing 22, preferably a worm wheel, on which the counter-pressure plate 11 can be rotated by means of a worm shaft 23.
  • the worm shaft 23 is preferably driven by an oil motor or electric motor.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 is moved over the engaging into the internal thread of the lower housing 9 thread 15 up or down.
  • the toothing 22 may be present as a toothed wheel, this being driven by a toothed wheel instead of the worm shaft 23.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 is rotatably connected to the height-variable element, for example the hydraulic cylinder 13.
  • the height-variable element for example, the hydraulic cylinder 13 attach to the lower housing 9.
  • the Verstellforementioned with worm drive or gear drive of the platen 11 is advantageous because when adjusting in operation, high forces are overcome.
  • Such mechanical adjustment according to the invention is therefore, and among other things, due to the reliability, especially advantageous over the usual hydraulic nuts, which are used in known Kollerpressen.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 has an outer bearing surface 24, which is preferably annular and on which the disc-shaped flat die 2 rests in its peripheral region.
  • the bolts 21 protrude from the outer bearing surface 24.
  • the thread 15 may extend to the outer support surface 24, or spaced below this end.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 has an inner support surface 25, which is preferably annular and on which the disk-shaped flat die 2 rests centrally.
  • the inner bearing surface 25 has centrally an opening for the king shaft 4, wherein this opening can extend completely through the counter-pressure plate 11 to the lower end.
  • the outer ring of the counter-pressure plate 11 and the inner ring or the inner portion of the counter-pressure plate 11 are connected by a plurality of, for example, six, webs 26, between which the openings 18 extend.
  • the counter-pressure plate 11 has both an inner support surface 25 and an outer support surface 24, so that the flat die 2 rests on its peripheral region and centrally on the counter-pressure plate 11.
  • the flat die 2 is only on the support surfaces 24 and / or 25 and is secured by bolts 21 against rotation. This is advantageous since the flat die 2 is only to be lifted for the change and no screws or other fastening elements on the flat die 2 have to be released.
  • the outer bearing surface 24 in the embodiment of the Fig. 1-4 be supplemented by the counter-pressure plate 11 is then extended to the thread 15 hollow cylinder upwards.
  • the inner bearing surface 25 can be supplemented, for example, by fixing an annular disk on the planet carriers 17 or by connecting the annular disk between the planetary gears 16 to the counter-pressure plate 11.
  • the lower housing 9 could be provided with a toothing or a worm wheel and rotated by a gear or a worm shaft, analogously to the counterpressure plate 11 of FIG Fig. 5 ,
  • a preferred use of the device according to the invention is to process freshly picked material (e.g., plants or plant components) from a moving or drawn machine into pellets in situ in one step.
  • freshly picked material e.g., plants or plant components
  • the device according to the invention is particularly preferably used as a mobile pelleting device, in particular as a pelleting device in a mobile or towed machine, in particular a harvester, since the advantages of the subject invention in the pelleting of crop picked up directly from the field are particularly severe.
  • the device according to the invention it is possible for the first time to rapidly adapt the flat die used in the harvesting machine to the current crop or to adapt it to the current state of the crop and not have to adapt the crop to the flat die.
  • pelleting on the field or on the meadow without the supply of aggregates such as water, molasses or oil can be done, thereby consuming apparatuses for processing the crop in the harvester can be omitted and the entrainment of aggregates can be omitted.
  • a preferred use according to the invention of the device according to the invention is, from a harvester freshly mown crops (eg wheat, oats, corn, millet ...) in their entirety (ie grain, stalks, leaves, chaff %) in one step directly on the field to process feed pellets.
  • crops eg wheat, oats, corn, millet .
  • a further preferred use according to the invention of the device according to the invention is, from a harvester from the ground recorded clippings (eg hay, straw, or other plant components, whole plants or other products or goods ...) directly on the field or meadow to pellets to process.
  • clippings eg hay, straw, or other plant components, whole plants or other products or goods
  • the device according to the invention which is adapted to the material to be pressed in such a way that the material to be pressed Material with the present moisture content can be pelleted without additives and the material undergoes heating to about 100 ° C during pressing through the press channels of the flat die 2.
  • This warming kills mites and bacteria, making the pellets ideal for feeding, without treatment (cleaning or chemical treatment) of the crop or pellets themselves, and also increasing the protein content of the feed, resulting in a higher nutritional value of up to 30%.
  • moisture contained in the crop by heating increases, which increases the shelf life of the pellets. Since the heating can be changed by choosing the right die, the resulting heating can be adjusted to the moisture content of the crop.
  • the temperature of the material in pelleting or pellets immediately after pelleting at least 90 ° Celsius.
  • this is preferably upstream of a crushing device and a metering device, so that the curling press 1 according to the invention is supplied as uniformly as possible with pre-shredded material.
  • a crushing of the culms of the crop takes place to a length of about 20 mm, for example by a straw mill.
  • the respective flat dies 2 to be used in the device according to the invention each have press channels designed for a material, this taking place by suitable dimensioning of the inlet cones of the press channels and of the press channels themselves, in particular their length.
  • flat dies 2 having different press channel diameters can also be used to produce pellets of different diameter. Also in this case a quick die change is an advantage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP17193483.9A 2016-09-28 2017-09-27 Broyeur à rouleaux verticaux Active EP3300880B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50873/2016A AT519145B1 (de) 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 Kollerpresse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3300880A1 true EP3300880A1 (fr) 2018-04-04
EP3300880B1 EP3300880B1 (fr) 2020-01-29

Family

ID=59974235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17193483.9A Active EP3300880B1 (fr) 2016-09-28 2017-09-27 Broyeur à rouleaux verticaux

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EP (1) EP3300880B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT519145B1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108859219A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-23 张祥成 一种生物质碾压脱水装置
EP3835048A1 (fr) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-16 Johannes Wissing Machine à granuler pourvue de matrice à déplacement en hauteur
CN115569609A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-01-06 江苏财经职业技术学院 一种减震防卡死香蕉秸秆生物质固体成型机
CN117598056A (zh) * 2024-01-22 2024-02-27 内蒙古大学 一种退化草地再种植微生物修复装置及方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2065141A (en) * 1934-01-20 1936-12-22 Edgar T Meakin Method of consolidating moldable materials
US2075450A (en) * 1935-05-27 1937-03-30 Edgar N Meakin Extruding machine
US2124744A (en) * 1934-01-03 1938-07-26 Edgar T Meakin Pellet mill
US2652007A (en) * 1948-10-21 1953-09-15 Edgar N Meakin Die-bowl assembly
US2764952A (en) * 1948-09-07 1956-10-02 Edgar N Meakin Kibbling apparatus
CN202958195U (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-06-05 郑州金土地能源科技有限公司 可移动式生物质平模压缩成型装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2670697A (en) * 1945-08-22 1954-03-02 Edgar N Meakin Pellet mill
DE2714614C3 (de) * 1977-04-01 1979-12-06 Projektierung Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 4030 Ratingen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Briketts aus wenigstens teilweise körnigem oder pulverartigem Einsatzgut

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2124744A (en) * 1934-01-03 1938-07-26 Edgar T Meakin Pellet mill
US2065141A (en) * 1934-01-20 1936-12-22 Edgar T Meakin Method of consolidating moldable materials
US2075450A (en) * 1935-05-27 1937-03-30 Edgar N Meakin Extruding machine
US2764952A (en) * 1948-09-07 1956-10-02 Edgar N Meakin Kibbling apparatus
US2652007A (en) * 1948-10-21 1953-09-15 Edgar N Meakin Die-bowl assembly
CN202958195U (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-06-05 郑州金土地能源科技有限公司 可移动式生物质平模压缩成型装置

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108859219A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-23 张祥成 一种生物质碾压脱水装置
CN108859219B (zh) * 2018-07-19 2020-09-18 绍兴柯桥兴旺印纸印花有限公司 一种生物质碾压脱水装置
EP3835048A1 (fr) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-16 Johannes Wissing Machine à granuler pourvue de matrice à déplacement en hauteur
CN115569609A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-01-06 江苏财经职业技术学院 一种减震防卡死香蕉秸秆生物质固体成型机
CN115569609B (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-08-18 江苏财经职业技术学院 一种减震防卡死香蕉秸秆生物质固体成型机
CN117598056A (zh) * 2024-01-22 2024-02-27 内蒙古大学 一种退化草地再种植微生物修复装置及方法
CN117598056B (zh) * 2024-01-22 2024-04-12 内蒙古大学 一种退化草地再种植微生物修复装置及方法

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EP3300880B1 (fr) 2020-01-29
AT519145B1 (de) 2020-02-15
AT519145A1 (de) 2018-04-15

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