EP3299524A1 - Wall made of prefabricated products and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated wall made of a pre-fabricated prefabricated wall element, which is provided with a reinforcement, the prefabricated reinforcement of a strip foundation is introduced. By arranged in the reinforcement elements on which the prefabricated wall element is placed and positioning insertion of reinforcing bars through a passage opening in the support member and corresponding subsequent positions, the reinforcing elements are connected to the reinforcing bars and the reinforcement of the strip foundation. The advantages of the invention lie in the cost-effective industrial prefabrication of the wall elements, wherein on site the reinforcing elements of the wall elements are connected to the previously produced at the same time with the production of the wall elements on the strip foundation reinforcement with reinforcing bars. As a result, it is only necessary to pour out the foundation at the exhibition site. This significantly reduces the time required for erection, since the simultaneous production of the wall element and the foundation layers with reinforcement. A prefabricated wall produced in this way can be combined with other identical precast walls to form a cost-effective retaining wall of considerable length for roads.

Description

The invention relates to a precast wall with a reinforced precast wall on a strip foundation with reinforcement, a precast wall for producing such a precast wall, a support element for supporting the precast wall on the strip foundation and a method for producing the precast wall.

Many types of prefabricated walls are already known from the prior art. These can be designed in the manner of a retaining wall as a subcomponent of a building or also freestanding, individually or modularly. In contrast to the common methods of constructing concrete walls by pouring the concrete on site, which require an elaborate design of formwork, reinforcements and supports, the erection of prefabricated walls relies on the use of industrially prefabricated reinforced concrete walls, which are then placed at the site of the Erection are connected to the previously anchored in the ground foundation layers, so that they are stably supported by the foundation. The erection of prefabricated walls is much more cost-effective than the on-site pouring of concrete and represents a significant cost and time savings.

This is what the example looks like EP 2 535 463 A1 a modular prefabricated support wall, which comprises at least one vertically arranged armored wall-shaped wall element, which is connectable to at least one perpendicular to this vertically arranged wall holding element. Each wall element has, in particular, connecting reinforcement elements protruding from the flat side assigned to the wall holding element, and each wall holding element has a central cavity which can be filled with in-situ concrete and at least one passage opening connected to the cavity for the connection reinforcement elements of the wall elements, wherein the connection reinforcement elements follow Filling the cavity are embedded in the in-situ concrete.

The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the above-mentioned prior art in that the manufacturing process for the production of precast walls optimized and the duration of the manufacturing process is reduced.

This object is achieved by a precast wall with the features of claim 1, a precast wall with the features of claim 7 and a method for producing such a precast wall with the features of claim 11. Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

The pre-fabricated wall according to the invention provides an armored precast wall from which projecting parallel to the strip foundation side, projecting U-shaped reinforcing elements and which rests in non-concreted state on at least two deputed in the strip foundation support elements, wherein the support elements are located between the reinforcing elements and the U-shaped reinforcing elements protrude into the reinforcement of the strip foundation. The precast wall may be formed as a hollow or solid wall and made of concrete or other suitable material. Furthermore, the precast wall partially or completely layered be formed of a composite material and, for example, have facing of sandstone. Typically, the precast wall is tabular in shape and has a rectilinear or stepped underside bounded at right angles and / or at a different angle from the side edges. The top is arbitrarily shaped. The U-shaped reinforcing elements are integrated into the underside of the prefabricated wall such that in each case the two free ends of the U-shape are completely enclosed by the material of the prefabricated wall and the remaining bent region protrudes from the prefabricated wall. The U-shaped reinforcing elements are arranged in parallel, so that seen in the longitudinal direction of the precast wall, the U-shape is visible as such. The reinforcement elements are made of steel or other suitable material. The support elements have any, but convenient, shape, which ensures the stable carrying the precast wall. Usually, this will be a cuboid shape, the support elements after the complete production of the foundation, in the present case due to the length of the wall of a strip foundation, enclosed in the foundation and may not be visible from the outside. Likewise, the material of the support elements is chosen so as to accommodate the load of the precast wall non-destructive at least until the foundation is completely made.

A preferred embodiment of the prefabricated wall provides that the at least two support elements each have at least one passage opening. The passages should be rectilinear and thus pierce two opposite side surfaces of the respective support element. The passage opening can be realized by an inserted tube sleeve in the support element. By arranging a plurality of identical or at least substantially similar features exhibiting support elements along the longitudinal axis of the strip foundation and the same direction support the precast wall stable support over the entire length of the precast wall is achieved. The at least one passage opening is aligned with support of the support elements on the strip foundation so that the axis of the passage opening in the longitudinal direction of the strip foundation and, after resting the precast wall on the support elements, an introduction of reinforcing bars in the U-shaped reinforcing elements in the area between the support elements by passing through the at least one passage opening permits.

Preferably, the precast wall in the space between the support elements in the longitudinal direction of the precast wall in the reinforcement of the strip foundation extending reinforcing bars, which are arranged within the U-shaped reinforcing elements. The rectilinear and parallel arrangement of the U-shaped reinforcing elements allows the carrying out of reinforcing bars and the stable arrangement of the reinforcing bars within the U-shape of the reinforcing elements, wherein the reinforcing bars are inserted through the at least one passage opening in the at least two support elements. This can be done both from one side and the other side of the strip foundation, wherein the length of the reinforcing bars for the intermediate space corresponds at most to the spacing of the supporting elements. It is also possible to introduce reinforcing bars from both sides, which correspond in their overall length to the spacing of the supporting elements or are longer. After inserting the reinforcing bars, these are then fixed in the desired position on the U-shaped reinforcing elements in a known manner.

Conveniently, each reinforcing rods are arranged outside the gap between the support elements in the longitudinal direction of the precast wall and within the reinforcement of the strip foundation. These are also inserted into the U-shaped reinforcing elements at the end face and fixed to them accordingly. The number of reinforcing bars inside and outside the gap depends on the stability requirements required for the size of the precast wall.

So that the at least two support elements have a stable support, it is expedient to provide a concrete layer in the form of a concrete layer of cleanliness for this purpose. For the later concreting of the Strip foundations with in-situ concrete in a known manner a shuttering is required. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the strip foundation in the non-concreted state on the bottom side a concrete layer of cleanliness and extending in the longitudinal direction of the foundation and connected via connecting iron with the cleanliness layer formwork walls, wherein between the formwork walls, the reinforcement and between the reinforcement arranged the at least two support elements on the cleanliness are. First, the shuttering panels are made over the length of the strip foundation in a known manner and provided with connecting iron for connection to the cleanliness layer. Thus, these formwork walls for the strip foundation can be stable and used for the attachment of supports for supporting the precast wall immediately after placement on the support elements. Later, these formwork walls then serve as formwork for concreting the reinforced space within the concrete formwork elements. At the front, the formwork can usually be done with formwork panels.

Advantageously, the strip foundation is concreted with in-situ concrete. The concreting is necessary to complete the prefabricated wall and serves on the one hand the stable and stable connection between precast wall and foundation and on the other hand, the uniform distribution of the load of the precast wall on the entire foundation.

A prefabricated wall according to the invention for a prefabricated wall with one or more features discussed above provides an armored panel prefabricated wall element with bottom-side projecting, parallel, U-shaped reinforcing elements. Preferably, this prefabricated wall element is already made of solid concrete, so that no further reworking is required. Also, this prefabricated wall element may already contain on the visible side optical elements, such as clinker, veneers of any kind or trellises and the like.

Advantageously, it is provided that the parallel U-shaped reinforcing elements are substantially equally spaced. The distance between two adjacently arranged U-shaped reinforcing elements is generally the same.

Preferably, the distance between the parallel U-shaped reinforcing elements varies according to the number of supporting elements. In the area of positioning of the support elements for supporting the prefabricated wall on a foundation, the distance between the adjacent reinforcing elements, between which the support element is to be received, selected so that the support element with the lower edge of the precast wall occupies a contact surface and fits between them. In addition, further reinforcing elements can be arranged in the region of these respective reinforcing elements, so that the distance between the reinforcing elements in the immediate vicinity of the support elements is compressed.

An inventive support element for a precast wall is cuboid and has at least one passage opening. A parallelepiped shape offers at least two parallel opposing surfaces, with a contact surface lying on the bottom side serving as the strip foundation and the other side providing the supporting surface for the prefabricated part wall resting thereon. The opening cross section of the at least one passage opening must be selected so that it is greater than the cross section of the reinforcing bars used, wherein the at least one passage opening can be formed by an inserted tube sleeve.

1. (a) Vorsehen einer bodenseitigen Sauberkeitsschicht für ein Streifenfundament;
2. (b) Herstellen der Bewehrung für das Streifenfundament auf der Sauberkeitsschicht;
3. (c) Einsetzen von mindestens zwei, mindestens eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweisenden, Stützelementen in die Bewehrung, wobei die Stützelemente auf der Sauberkeitsschicht aufliegen, parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und die Achsen der Durchtrittsöffnungen in Längsrichtung des Streifenfundaments verlaufen;
4. (d) Aufsetzen eines Fertigwandelements mit parallel angeordneten, U-förmigen, aus dem Fertigwandelement herausragenden Bewehrungselementen auf die Stützelemente, wobei die Bewehrungselemente in die Bewehrung des Streifenfundaments hineinragen;
5. (e) Einbringen von Bewehrungsstäben in die Bewehrung des Streifenfundaments in und außerhalb des Zwischenraums zwischen den Stützelementen, wobei die Bewehrungsstäbe mit einer Länge, die maximal dem Abstand der Stützelemente entspricht, durch die jeweils mindestens eine Durchtrittsöffnung der Stützelemente durchgesteckt werden;
6. (f) Anordnen der Bewehrungsstäbe und Verbinden der Bewehrungsstäbe mit den U-förmigen Bewehrungselementen der Fertigteilwand; und
7. (g) Betonieren des Streifenfundaments mit Ortbeton.

The object is also achieved by a method for producing a precast wall, which comprises the following steps:

1. (a) providing a bottom-side clean sheet for a strip foundation;
2. (b) providing the reinforcement for the strip foundation on the clean-up layer;
3. (C) inserting at least two, at least one passage opening having support elements in the reinforcement, wherein the support elements rest on the cleanliness layer, are arranged parallel to each other and the axes of the passage openings extend in the longitudinal direction of the strip foundation;
4. (D) placing a finished wall element with parallel, U-shaped, protruding from the finished wall element reinforcing elements on the support elements, wherein the reinforcing elements protrude into the reinforcement of the strip foundation;
5. (e) inserting reinforcing bars into the reinforcement of the strip foundation in and out of the space between the support elements, wherein the reinforcing bars are inserted through the at least one passage opening of the support elements with a maximum length corresponding to the distance of the support elements;
6. (F) arranging the reinforcing bars and connecting the reinforcing bars with the U-shaped reinforcing elements of the precast wall; and
7. (g) concreting the strip foundation with in-situ concrete.

For concreting the strip foundation, it is of course necessary to peel this before. This may be done at the beginning before steps (a) or (b) or after the reinforcement of the strip foundation has been completed and the connection with the U-shaped reinforcing elements has been completed before step (g). The shuttering for concreting can be done in the usual way by means of formwork panels and formwork timbers, which are removed after curing of the in-situ concrete again. All this may be unnecessary if the foundation is placed in a suitable trench in the soil, which then forms the lateral boundary of the concrete foundation.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that, prior to method step (a), vertical shuttering walls are concreted with connecting iron for the cleanliness layer become. The formwork walls are positioned vertically along the longitudinal axis of the strip foundation and anchored with the aid of connecting irons in the cleanliness layer, which is subsequently produced. The formwork walls can be cast from concrete or made of other suitable material and are held by the anchoring with the clean layer stable in its vertical position. In the final concreting of the strip foundation then only an end-side shuttering in the usual manner by means of formwork panels or the like is required, which are removed after the solidification of the concrete. The formwork walls then form part of the strip foundation.

Appropriately, it is further provided that after step (d) the precast wall is supported by means of diagonal supports on at least one shuttering wall. The formwork wall is therefore used to realize a stable and secured against shear positioning of the prefabricated wall on the support elements and a lateral support of the precast wall. In addition to the inclined supports connected to the formwork wall, other support structures are also conceivable which are formed either by temporarily installable and removable external scaffolding structures or implemented with solutions integrated in the completion wall.

Compared to the prior art, the production of the precast wall according to the invention is such that the reinforcement does not protrude from the foundation and then in the precast concrete wall by concreting it is connected, but conversely, the precast wall has outstanding reinforcing elements in the reinforcement of not yet concreted strip foundation be introduced. The advantages of the invention lie in the cost-effective industrial prefabrication of the wall elements, wherein on site the reinforcing elements of the wall elements are connected to the previously produced at the same time with the production of the wall elements on the strip foundation reinforcement with reinforcing bars. As a result, it is only necessary to pour the foundation at the site with in-situ concrete. This significantly reduces the time required for the construction by the simultaneous production of the Wall element and the foundation layers with reinforcement. A prefabricated wall produced in this way can be combined with other identical precast walls to form a cost-effective retaining wall of considerable length for roads.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Querschnitts der Fertigteilmauer,

Figur 2

eine schematische Darstellung der Fertigteilmauer entlang der Schnittebene A-A aus Figur 1.

The invention is explained with reference to an embodiment shown in the figures. Further features will become apparent from the following description of the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the claims and the accompanying drawings. The individual features of the invention can be implemented on their own or in several different embodiments of the prefabricated wall according to the invention, precast wall, support element and manufacturing method. Show it

FIG. 1

a schematic representation of a cross section of the precast wall,

FIG. 2

a schematic representation of the precast wall along the sectional plane AA FIG. 1 ,

The FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of a prefabricated wall 1 according to the invention in the non-concrete state with a precast wall 2 and designed as a strip foundation 7 concrete foundation. A prefabricated panel wall 2 has a prefabricated wall element 3 made of concrete with a wall reinforcement 15, as well as a multiplicity of U-shaped reinforcing elements 4, which are completely embedded and anchored in the prefabricated wall element 3 with the respective open ends. The lower closed part of the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 protrudes from the prefabricated wall element 3 out of the side facing the strip foundation 7 side. The strip foundation 7 has a cleanliness layer 8, which are delimited along the longitudinal axis of the precast wall 1 by two vertically arranged shuttering walls 12. For stationary positioning, the shuttering walls 12 are each anchored via at least one, embedded in the cleanliness layer 8, connecting iron 13. On the cleanliness layer 8 is a reinforcement 9 of the Strip foundations 7 arranged from steel, wherein the reinforcement 9 forms a substantially uniform grid of the strip foundation 7 expedient basic shape. In the area of the reinforcement 9, a support element 5 is arranged with a passage opening 6. The supporting element 5 lies with its side facing the ground completely on the cleanliness layer 8, so that any load of the support member 5 is transmitted to the cleanliness layer 8 and no part load on the reinforcement. Usually, at least two support elements 5, aligned in the image plane, arranged in parallel to support the mounted thereon precast wall 2 along the longitudinal axis of the finished wall element 3 meaningful. The protruding from the finished wall element 3 U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 of the precast wall 2 are arranged so that they engage in the reinforcement 9 of the strip foundation 7 and the load of the finished wall element 3 is transmitted to the support elements 5. Between the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 and the reinforcement 9 of the strip foundation 7 a stable anchoring connection is made. For this purpose, the passage opening 6 of the support member 5, which access to the area enclosed by the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 area in a (not shown here) gap 10 ( FIG. 2 ) between each two support elements 5 allows. Through these passages 6 reinforcing rods 11 are performed in the gap 10. The reinforcing bars 11 white maximally the length of the distance between the support elements 5 on. The reinforcing rods 11 introduced in this way are correspondingly positioned and connected to the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4. In addition, they can also be connected to the reinforcement 9 of the strip foundation 7 as in the embodiment. In order to secure the mounted on the support elements 5 finished part wall 2 against laterally acting forces and to prevent preventive tipping of the precast wall 2, a schematically indicated conventional inclined support 14 can be arranged with one end releasably connected to the finished wall element 3 of the precast wall 2 and with opposite end is connected to one of the vertical shuttering walls 12.

How out FIG. 2 can be seen, the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 are largely evenly spaced and aligned with each other so that their openings in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the precast wall 1 show congruent and form a stretched cavity formed with the passage openings 6 of the support elements 5. In this cavity, the reinforcing rods 11 are introduced, both in the limited by the support members 5 gap 10, as well as in the outer and only one side limited by a respective support member 5 areas. The shape of the reinforcement 9 of the strip foundation 7 is selected so that the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 of the precast wall 2 are each spatially close to the reinforcement 9 and facilitate easy anchoring each other. Both the reinforcement 9 of the strip foundation 7, as well as the U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 of the precast wall 2 have free areas, which are sufficiently dimensioned to respectively position a support member 5 standing on the cleanliness layer 8 can. In addition, these free areas are limited by a locally compressed sequence of U-shaped reinforcing elements 4 on both sides. As a result, additional crossing points for anchoring with the reinforcing bars 11 are realized.

Claims (13)

Prefabricated wall (1) with a reinforced precast wall (2) on a strip foundation (7) with reinforcement (9), characterized in that from the precast wall (2) on the strip foundation (7) facing side, arranged in parallel, U-shaped reinforcing elements (4) protrude and the precast wall (2) in the non-concrete state on at least two in the strip foundation (4) seconded support elements (5) rests, wherein the support elements (5) are located between the reinforcing elements (4) and the U-shaped reinforcing elements (4 ) protrude into the reinforcement (9) of the strip foundation (7). Prefabricated wall (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two support elements (5) each have at least one passage opening (6), wherein the at least two support elements (5) are arranged so that the passage openings (6) in the longitudinal direction of the strip foundation (7). Prefabricated wall (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that in the space (10) between the support elements (5) in the longitudinal direction of the precast wall (2) in the reinforcement (9) of the strip foundation (7) extending reinforcing rods (11) within the U -shaped reinforcing elements (4) are arranged. Prefabricated wall (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that outside the intermediate space (10) between the support elements (5) in the longitudinal direction of the precast wall (2) and within the reinforcement (9) of the strip foundation (7) each reinforcing rods (11) are arranged , Prefabricated wall (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strip foundation (7) in the non-concreted state on the bottom side a concrete cleanliness layer (8) and extending in the longitudinal direction of the foundation and via connecting iron (13) connected to the cleanliness layer (8) formwork walls (12), wherein between the formwork walls (12) the reinforcement (9) and, between the reinforcement (9), the at least two support elements (5) on the cleanliness layer (8) are arranged. Prefabricated wall (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strip foundation (7) is concreted. Prefabricated wall (2) for a precast wall (1) according to claim 1, characterized by a reinforced tabular finished wall element (3) with bottom-side projecting, parallel U-shaped reinforcing elements (4). Prefabricated wall (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that the parallel U-shaped reinforcing elements (4) are substantially equally spaced. Prefabricated wall (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that varies according to the number of support elements (5), the distance between the parallel U-shaped reinforcing elements (4). Support element (5) for a precast wall (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (5) is cuboid and has at least one passage opening (6). Method for producing a precast wall (1), characterized by (A) providing a bottom-side cleanliness layer (8) for a strip foundation (7); (b) preparing the reinforcement (9) for the strip foundation (7) on the cleanliness layer (8); (C) insertion of at least two, at least one passage opening (6) having support elements (5) in the reinforcement (9), wherein the support elements (5) on the cleanliness layer (8) rest, are arranged parallel to each other and the axes of the passage openings (6) extend in the longitudinal direction of the strip foundation (7); (D) placing a finished wall element (3) with parallel, U-shaped, from the prefabricated wall element (3) protruding reinforcing elements (4) on the support elements (5), wherein the reinforcing elements (4) in the reinforcement (9) of the strip foundation ( 7) protrude; (e) inserting reinforcing bars (11) into the reinforcement (9) of the strip foundation (7) in and out of the space (10) between the support elements (5), the reinforcing bars (11) having a maximum length equal to the spacing of the Supporting elements (5) corresponds, are pushed through by the respective at least one passage opening (6) of the support elements (5); (F) arranging the reinforcing bars (11) and connecting the reinforcing bars (11) with the U-shaped reinforcing elements (4) of the precast wall (2); and (g) concreting the strip foundation (7). A method according to claim 11, characterized in that prior to step (a) vertical shuttering walls (12) are concreted with connecting iron (13) for the cleanliness layer (8). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that after step (d) the precast part wall (2) by means of inclined supports (14) on at least one shuttering wall (12) is supported.

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