EP3299006B1 - Heating device and method for operating same - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a heating device and a method for operating a heating device for heat cabins, saunas or the like, the heating device comprising an oven housing which can be arranged inside a cabin, a burner which can be arranged outside the cabin and which is designed to burn a fossil fuel, and a burner has connected heating tube, which connects the burner to the furnace housing and can be passed through the combustion gases of the burner, the heating tube forming a spiral tube which is arranged within the furnace housing, the heating tube with a in a supply section of the heating tube between the burner and the furnace housing Insulating jacket of the heating device is surrounded, wherein the insulating jacket is spaced from the heating tube, such that a gap channel is formed between the insulating jacket and the heating tube in the supply section, the gap channel opening into the furnace housing, the heating device has a fan device by means of which fresh air can be conveyed through the gap channel into the furnace housing.

Such heating devices for heat cabins, saunas, sweat rooms or the like are known from the prior art and are essentially used for heating a cabin and possibly also for performing infusions. The known heating devices generally have a furnace housing which is surrounded by cladding elements made of steel, stone or ceramic and is fixed in a cabin. In an upper area of the furnace housing there are also stones that are supposed to generate a steam boost by pouring water on them. A tubular heating element, which is formed from a tubular spiral, is arranged within the furnace housing. The spiral pipe is part of a heating pipe via which hot combustion gases can be passed through the spiral pipe. A burner for heating air is arranged at one end of the heating tube. The burner can be a gas burner, an oil burner or a burner for burning wood or coal or a corresponding furnace. The burner is regularly arranged outside the cabin, so that the combustion gases or heating air heated by the burner are conducted via a feed section of the heating tube to the tube spiral, through a wall duct. After the combustion gases have passed the pipe spiral, they come out of the cabin through a discharge section of the heating pipe and through a further wall duct of the discharge section. The combustion gases can then be led into the environment, for example, via an exhaust pipe. A fan can be provided outside of the cabin on or in the heating tube for passing the combustion gases or heating air through the heating tube.

Due to the combustion gases being strongly heated by the burner, the heating pipe heats up comparatively strongly in the area of the feed section. It is therefore known to surround the heating tube with an insulating jacket in the feed section, and in particular in the area of a wall leadthrough of the feed section. A fire risk can result from the strongly heated heating pipe in the supply section in the Be essentially excluded. If the furnace housing is to be set up in the middle of a cabin, it is disadvantageous that the supply section of the heating pipe has to be passed through cabin areas which can be used by people. So it is necessary to lead the supply section with the insulating jacket in a housing or a cover channel between the wall of the cabin and the furnace housing. In order to avoid undue heating of the housing, which could lead to burns for cabin users, it is known to additionally cool the housing or the cover channel in areas accessible to people, but this causes additional costs.

With fossil fuel-operated heating devices, in particular large cabins that are used continuously can be heated comparatively inexpensively in comparison to heating devices with electric heating elements. Depending on the size of a cabin, it can even be provided to use several burners, each with supply sections and pipe spirals. However, it is disadvantageous that a surface temperature of the tube spiral is low in comparison to electrical heating elements, as a result of which convection heat is also released in a proportionally lower manner. This also increases the heating-up time of the tube spiral and the stones of the furnace housing, in particular in that the comparatively large mass of the heating tube must first be heated by the burner via the combustion gases. In addition to the longer heating-up time of such heating devices, air circulation as a result of the comparatively low convection and also performing infusions due to the lower surface temperature are not as satisfactory as in the case of electrically heated furnace housings.

The JP 2002-369 866 A discloses a heater having a furnace housing disposed within a cabin and a burner. A heating pipe is connected to the burner, which Connects the burner to a furnace housing and through which the combustion gases of the burner can be passed. The heating tube forms a tube spiral, which is arranged within the furnace housing. The heating tube is provided with a cooling tube in a feed section of the heating tube between the burner and the furnace housing. The cooling tube is arranged at a distance from the heating tube, so that a gap channel is formed between the cooling tube and the heating tube in the feed section. The gap duct opens into the furnace housing, the heating device having a fan device by means of which fresh air can be conveyed through the gap duct into the furnace housing.

The present invention is based on the object of proposing a heating device and a method for operating a heating device which enables effective and safe heating operation.

This object is achieved by a heating device with the features of claim 1, a sauna cabin with the features of claim 9 and a method for operating a heating device with the features of claim 11.

The heating device for heat cabins, saunas or the like according to the invention has an oven housing which can be arranged inside a cabin, a burner which can be arranged outside the cabin and which is designed to burn a fossil fuel, and a heating tube which is connected to the burner and which connects the burner to the oven housing and can be passed through the combustion gases of the burner, the heating tube forming a tube spiral which is arranged within the furnace housing, the heating tube being surrounded by an insulating jacket of the heating device in a supply section of the heating tube between the burner and the furnace housing, the insulating jacket being surrounded by the heating tube is spaced such that in the supply section a gap channel between the insulating jacket and the heating tube is formed, the gap duct opening into the furnace housing, the heating device having a fan device, by means of fresh air being able to be conveyed through the gap duct into the furnace housing, wherein a branching device is formed on the supply section, via which fresh air from the gap duct into an environment of the feed section can be led out, the
Branch device is formed by at least one branch channel of the gap channel, the branch channel passing through the insulating jacket and a plurality of branch channels being arranged in the insulating jacket distributed uniformly over a circumference of the insulating jacket.

The fact that a gap channel is formed between the heating tube and the insulating jacket makes it possible to cool the heating tube in the region of the supply section with fresh air or fresh, comparatively colder air. Using the fan device, fresh air can be drawn in from a room outside the cabin or an outside area of a building by means of the fan device and blown through the gap duct. The fresh air then heats up on an outer surface of the heating tube and contributes to cooling the same. It is at least no longer necessary to provide separate cooling of the feed section if the feed section runs in a cover channel inside the cabin. Also, because the gap channel opens into the furnace housing, the fresh air enters the furnace housing and can flow along the pipe spiral and any stones that may be present into the cabin. Since the fresh air is already warming up within the gap duct, and this comparatively quickly, since the heating tube in the feed section close to the burner is very hot, hot fresh air can flow into the furnace housing. The effect of the otherwise low convection in the heating devices known from the prior art can thereby be compensated for. The heated fresh air flows through the pipe spiral and the stones, which improves the distribution of heated air in the cabin, and thus faster heating of the cabin is possible. At the same time, the people in the cabin can be supplied with fresh air, so that air quality inside the cabin can also be improved.

According to the invention, a branching device is formed on the feed section, via which fresh air can be discharged from the gap channel into an environment of the feed section. This is particularly advantageous if the supply section runs in a covering duct in a cabin, so that fresh air can then be discharged from the gap duct into the covering duct via the branching device. In this way it can be avoided that highly heated air builds up in the cover channel, which in turn heats up a surface of the cover channel to such an extent that a person could burn himself on the surface. If the fresh air can be passed through the cover channel or if fresh air can circulate in the cover channel, the surface of the cover channel can also be cooled. An installation of any additional cooling that may otherwise be required can then be dispensed with.

According to the invention, the branching device is already formed by at least one branching channel of the gap channel, the branching channel passing through the insulating jacket. Accordingly, the branch duct can connect the gap duct to the surroundings of the feed section. The branch duct can be a bare opening in the insulating jacket or a metal tube, for example, which is inserted into the insulating jacket.

According to the invention, a plurality of branch ducts are arranged in the insulating jacket, distributed uniformly over a circumference of the insulating jacket. In particular if the insulating jacket is tubular, the branch channels can be arranged in a ring-shaped distribution in the insulating jacket. This also ensures that, regardless of the installation position of the supply section in a cover channel, an inner wall of the cover channel is always cooled.

The burner can preferably be a gas burner. Alternatively, it is also possible to use oil or wood powered burners. It is essential that air can be heated with the burner, so that a burner can also be formed by a wood-fired oven.

An exhaust device of the heating device can be arranged on a discharge section of the heating tube, the combustion gases being able to be conveyed through the heating tube by means of the exhaust device. The discharge section can then be arranged downstream of the tubular spiral in the direction of a heating air flow and can lead the combustion gases of the burner cooled in the tubular spiral back out of the cabin. For example, the discharge section can also be passed through a wall of the cabin and connected to a chimney. The flue gas from the burner can then be removed through the chimney. The exhaust device can be, for example, a fan in the discharge section or in the chimney, via which the combustion gases can be drawn through the heating tube. The burner itself does not have to have a fan.

Furthermore, the feed section and / or the discharge section can form a wall bushing. It is advantageous that at least the supply section has the insulating jacket, whereby damage or fire hazard to the relevant cabin wall can be excluded. In addition, a plurality of burners can also be provided, with each burner then being able to be assigned a feed section, each with a wall bushing. The discharge section can also have an insulating jacket, which is then arranged in particular in the region of the wall bushing. For each burner there can be an assigned feed section, or a single feed section can be formed for a plurality of feed sections.

Furthermore, the gap channel can be designed as a coaxial ring channel. Accordingly, the heating tube can have a round cross section or the insulating jacket can then also be tubular, with a round cross section. If an annular channel is formed, it becomes possible to flow fresh air on all sides of the heating tube.

A sleeve can be arranged on a burner end of the supply line section facing the burner, wherein the sleeve can have a sealing device which seals the gap channel on the heating tube and the insulating jacket. The burner can therefore be connected directly to the heating tube at one burner end of the feed section. The sealing device can be a temperature-stable ring seal which completely seals the otherwise open gap channel at the burner end from an environment and, if appropriate, also fills the gap channel at this point. The ring seal can rest on an outer surface of the heating tube and on an inner surface of the insulating jacket and thus space the insulating jacket to form the gap channel from the heating tube.

The sleeve can form a pipe socket of a fresh air pipe, which can connect the fresh air pipe to the gap channel. The pipe socket can be integrally formed on the sleeve, in which case an opening in the insulating jacket corresponding to an inner diameter of the pipe socket can also be formed within the insulating jacket, via which fresh air can flow from the fresh air pipe into the gap channel. The fresh air pipe can end in a room with the burner or in the vicinity of a building with the cabin, so that fresh air can then flow into the fresh air pipe at this point. Depending on the location of the introduction of fresh air into the fresh air pipe, cold outside air or preheated room air, for example, can be blown into the gap duct by means of the fan as required. For example, the fresh air pipe can also have a branch for manual or regulated control of a fresh air supply line. The fan device can then be a fan in any section of the fresh air pipe is arranged, for example on the pipe socket or on an open suction end of the fresh air pipe.

It is advantageous if the branch duct is arranged inclined in the direction of a flow direction of the fresh air in the insulating jacket. For example, an inclination of the branch duct relative to a longitudinal axis of the insulating jacket can be thirty to sixty degrees, preferably forty-five degrees. The fresh air flowing through the gap channel can then be redirected from the gap channel into the branch channel in a particularly simple manner, wherein only a portion of the fresh air can always be discharged from the gap channel.

The sauna cabin according to the invention has a heating device according to the invention, the burner being arranged separated from the furnace housing by a cabin wall of the sauna cabin, the feed section passing through the cabin wall.

The supply section can run inside the cabin in a cover channel of the sauna cabin, wherein an intermediate space can be formed between the cover channel and the supply section, which opens into the heater housing. If, for example, fresh air can be introduced into the intermediate space via a branching device, it becomes possible to convey this fresh air, as well as the fresh air from the gap duct, into the furnace housing. The space in between can then always be well cooled and, at the same time, heated, oxygen-rich fresh air can be supplied to the sauna cabin. Further advantageous embodiments of a sauna cabin result from the subclaims which refer back to the device claim.

In the method according to the invention for operating a heating device for heat cabins, saunas or the like, a furnace housing is arranged inside a cabin and a burner of the heating device is arranged outside the cabin, a fossil fuel being burned with the burner, with one connected to the burner Heating tube, which connects the burner to the furnace housing, combustion gases of the burner are passed through, the heating tube forming a tube spiral which is arranged within the furnace housing, wherein in a supply line section of the heating tube between the burner and the furnace housing, the heating tube is surrounded by an insulating jacket of the heating device is, the insulating jacket is spaced from the heating tube, such that a gap channel is formed between the insulating jacket and the heating tube in the supply section, the gap channel opening into the furnace housing, wherein by means of a fan device of the heating device fresh air through the gap channel into the furnace housing is promoted, a branching device being formed on the supply section, via which fresh air is discharged from the gap channel into an environment of the supply section, the branching device being formed by at least one branch channel of the gap channel , wherein the branch duct passes through the insulating jacket, and a plurality of branch channels is arranged in the insulating jacket distributed uniformly over a circumference of the insulating jacket. The advantages of the method according to the invention are referred to the description of the advantages of the heating device according to the invention.

A continuous volume flow of fresh air can be conveyed through the gap channel during an operating period. The period in which the cabin is heated by the heating device is regarded as the operating period. The formation of the continuous or constant volume flow makes it possible to introduce a minimum amount of fresh air into the cabin and to continuously cool the heating pipe in the supply section.

During a heating phase or infusion phase, a larger volume flow of fresh air can be conveyed through the gap channel than during a regular use phase of an operating period. The heating phase or infusion phase requires the introduction of a larger one Amount of heat in the cabin, which is easily made possible by increasing the volume flow of fresh air. In the regular usage phase, a lower volume flow of fresh air can be conveyed through the gap channel again, so that possible drafts due to air movements can be avoided for people in the cabin.

The volume flow can advantageously be regulated by means of a sauna control according to operating parameters of the heating device and / or the cabin. The operating parameters can be, for example, a temperature, a humidity, a number of people in the cabin, a door opening or a time of day. With the sauna control, a volume flow can then be reduced, for example, when a door is opened, or a volume flow can be increased if the temperature is too low, in order to achieve rapid heating of the cabin.

Further advantageous embodiments of the method result from the subclaims which refer back to device claim 1.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1:

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Heizvorrichtung;

Fig. 2:

eine Längsschnittansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Heizvorrichtung;

Fig. 3:

eine Schnittansicht der Heizvorrichtung entlang einer Linie III-III aus Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4:

eine Detailansicht eines Zuleitungsabschnitts aus Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 5:

eine weitere Detailansicht des Zuleitungsabschnitts aus Fig. 2 .

Show it:

Fig. 1:

a perspective view of a first embodiment of a heating device;

Fig. 2:

a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of a heating device;

Fig. 3:

a sectional view of the heater along a line III-III Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4:

a detailed view of a lead section Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 5:

a further detailed view of the lead section Fig. 2 .

The Fig. 1 shows a perspective sectional view of a heating device 10 with a cabin 11 shown in sections and an adjoining room 12. The cabin 11 is separated from the adjoining room 12 by a cabin wall 13. The heating device 10 comprises a furnace housing 14, a burner 15 and a heating tube 16 connected to the burner 15, which forms a tube spiral 17 within the furnace housing 14. The furnace housing 14 is in turn arranged inside the cabin 11, the burner 15 being arranged in the adjoining room 12. The heating tube 16 has a feed section 18 and a discharge section 19, which each form a wall duct 20 or 21 in the cabin wall 13. In the supply line section 18 in particular, the heating tube 16 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 22. A fan 23 is arranged in the discharge section 19. The burner 15 burns gas which is passed through the heating tube 16 as heating air or combustion gas. This takes place in that the fan 23 conveys the combustion gases through the heating tube 16 and blows them out into an environment 24. The combustion gases heat a surface 25 of the spiral tube 17, which is covered here with stones (not shown), as a result of which warm air can flow into the cabin 11 by means of convection. The cooled heating gas passes from the pipe spiral 17 into the environment 24 via the discharge section 19.

A gap channel 26 is formed between the insulating jacket 22 and the heating tube 16 and opens into the furnace housing 14. The gap channel 26 is connected to a fresh air pipe 29 via a sleeve 27, which forms a pipe socket 28. A fan 30 is arranged in the fresh air pipe 29, by means of which fresh air can be sucked in from the environment 24 and blown into the gap duct 26. The fresh air then flows along a surface 31 of the heating tube 16 in the feed section 18 into the furnace housing 14, whereby the Fresh air warmed. As a result, the heating pipe 16 is cooled in the supply line section 18 and, at the same time, fresh heated air is already flowing through the pipe spiral 17, so that the booth 11 can be heated up more quickly.

A synopsis of the 2 to 5 shows a heater 32 in different views. The heating device 32 is installed in a cabin 33 and in an adjoining room 35 separated by a cabin wall 34. The heating device 32 comprises an oven housing 36, a tube spiral 37 of a heating tube 38 arranged therein, and a burner 39 which is connected to the heating tube 38. A feed section 40 of the heating pipe 38 and a discharge section 41 of the heating pipe 38 each form wall bushings 42 and 43 in the cabin wall 34.

The furnace housing 36 is arranged essentially centrally in the cabin 33, which is why a cover channel 44 is formed between a bricked furnace housing wall 45 and the cabin wall 34. The cover channel 44 is intended to protect people inside the cabin 33 from hot surfaces in the area of the feed section 40. The cover channel 44 is formed from a channel wall 46 with an insulating layer 47. A space 48 formed in this way opens directly into the furnace housing 36. The supply section 40 extends within the space 48. The supply section 40 of the heating tube 38 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 49, a coaxial gap channel 50 between an outer surface 51 of the heating tube 38 and an inner surface 52 of the insulating jacket 49 is formed. The gap channel 50 likewise opens into the furnace housing 36. In the area of the burner 39, in the adjoining room 35, a sleeve 53 is arranged on the heating pipe 38, the sleeve 53 forming a pipe socket 54 for connecting a fresh air pipe 55. A fan device, not shown here, is connected to the fresh air pipe 55 and can convey fresh air through the gap duct 50 into the furnace housing 36. On the sleeve 53 there is an annular seal 56 arranged, which seals the gap channel 50 at the burner end 57 of the feed section 40 with respect to the adjoining room 35.

A branching device 58 is also formed on the feed section 40, via which fresh air can be discharged from the gap duct 50 into the intermediate space 48 of the feed section 40 or the cover duct 44. The branching device 58 is formed from branching channels 59 which are arranged in the insulating jacket 49 and are distributed uniformly over a circumference 60 of the insulating jacket 49. In particular, the branch channels 59 formed here from pipe sections 61 are arranged in the insulating jacket 49 at an incline in the direction of a flow direction of the fresh air. The fresh air can also flow through the intermediate space 48 and effectively prevent an undesirable heat build-up in the intermediate space 48.

Claims (13)

1. A heating device (10, 32) for infrared saunas and saunas, said heating device including a stove housing (14, 36) which can be disposed within a cabin (11, 33), a burner (15, 39) which can be disposed outside of the cabin and which is realised for burning a fossil combustible material, and a heating tube (16, 38) which is attached to the burner and which connects the burner to the stove housing and through which combustion gases of the burner can be conveyed, said heating tube realising a tube coil (17, 37) which is disposed within the stove housing, said heating tube being surrounded by an insulating sheath (22, 49) of the heating device in a supply section (18, 40) of the heating tube between the burner and the stove housing, said insulating sheath being spaced apart from the heating tube in such a manner that a gap channel (26, 50) is realised in the supply section between the insulating sheath and the heating tube, said gap channel leading into the stove housing, said heating device including a ventilator unit (30) by means of which fresh air can be conveyed through the gap channel into the stove housing,
   characterised in that
   a branch unit (58) is realised at the supply section, fresh air being able to be discharged from the gap channel into the surroundings of the supply section via said branch unit, said branch unit being realised from at least one branch channel (59) of the gap channel, said branch channel penetrating the insulating sheath, and a plurality of branch channels being evenly distributed in the insulating sheath over a circumference (60) of the insulating sheath, and said supply section (18, 40) running in a cover channel (44) of the sauna cabin within the cabin (11, 33), a clearance (48) being realised between the cover channel and the supply section and leading into the stove housing (14, 36).
2. The heating device according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the burner (15, 39) is a gas burner.
3. The heating device according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   an exhaust air unit (23) of the heating device (10, 32) is disposed at a discharge section (19, 41) of the heating tube (16, 38), the combustion gases being able to be conveyed through the heating tube by means of the exhaust air unit.
4. The heating device according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the supply section (18, 40) and/or the discharge section (19, 41) realise(s) a wall duct (20, 21, 42, 43).
5. The heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the gap channel (26, 50) is realised as a coaxial ring channel.
6. The heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   a collar (27, 53) is disposed at a burner end (57) of the supply section, the burner end (57) facing the burner (15, 39), said collar including a sealing unit (56) which seals off the gap channel (26, 50) at the heating tube (16, 38) and the insulating sheath (22, 49).
7. The heating device according to claim 6,
   characterised in that
   the collar (27, 53) realises a tube socket (28, 54) of a fresh-air tube (29, 55), said tube socket connecting the fresh-air tube to the gap channel (26, 50).
8. The heating device according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the branch channel (59) is disposed in the insulating sheath (22, 49) being inclined in the direction of a flow direction of the fresh air.
9. A sauna cabin (11, 33) having a heating device (10, 32) according to any one of the preceding claims, the burner (15, 39) being separated from the stove housing (14, 36) by a cabin wall (13, 34) of the sauna cabin, the supply section (18, 40) passing through the cabin wall.
10. A method for operating a heating device (10, 32) for infrared saunas and saunas, a stove housing (14, 36) of the heating device being disposed within a cabin (11, 33) and a burner (15, 39) of the heating device being disposed outside of the cabin, a fossil combustible material being burned by the burner, combustion gases of the burner being conveyed through a heating tube (16, 38) which is attached to the burner and which connects the burner to the stove housing, said heating tube realising a tube coil (17, 37) which is disposed within the stove housing, said heating tube being surrounded by an insulating sheath (22, 49) of the heating device in a supply section (18, 40) of the heating tube between the burner and the stove housing,
    said insulating sheath being spaced apart from the heating tube in such a manner that a gap channel (26, 50) is realised in the supply section between the insulating sheath and the heating tube, said gap channel leading into the stove housing, fresh air being conveyed through the gap channel into the stove housing by means of a ventilator unit (30) of the heating device,
    characterised in that
    a branch unit (58) is realised at the supply section, fresh air being discharged from the gap channel into the surroundings of the supply section via said branch unit, said branch unit being realised from at least one branch channel (59) of the gap channel, said branch channel penetrating the insulating sheath, and a plurality of branch channels being evenly distributed in the insulating sheath over a circumference (60) of the insulating sheath, and said supply section (18, 40) running in a cover channel (44) of the sauna cabin within the cabin (11, 33), a clearance (48) being realised between the cover channel and the supply section and leading into the stove housing (14, 36).
11. The method according to claim 11,
    characterised in that
    a continuous volumetric flow of fresh air is conveyed through the gap channel (26, 50) during an operating period.
12. The method according to claim 11 or 12,
    characterised in that
    during a heat-up phase and/or a phase in which (scented) water is poured over hot stones, a larger volumetric flow of fresh air is conveyed through the gap channel (26, 50) than during a regular utilisation phase of an operating period.
13. The method according to any one of the claims 11 to 12,
    characterised in that
    the volumetric flow is controlled by means of a sauna control according to operating parameters of the heating device (10, 32) and/or the cabin (11, 33).

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