EP3288694B1 - Verfahren zum induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten rohrs mit grosser wandstärke und grossem durchmesser und induktions-rohrbiegevorrichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten rohrs mit grosser wandstärke und grossem durchmesser und induktions-rohrbiegevorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3288694B1
EP3288694B1 EP16731774.2A EP16731774A EP3288694B1 EP 3288694 B1 EP3288694 B1 EP 3288694B1 EP 16731774 A EP16731774 A EP 16731774A EP 3288694 B1 EP3288694 B1 EP 3288694B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
induction
bend
inductor
bending
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EP16731774.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3288694A1 (de
Inventor
August Wilhelm Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aws Schafer Technologie GmbH
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Aws Schafer Technologie GmbH
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Priority to PL16731774T priority Critical patent/PL3288694T3/pl
Publication of EP3288694A1 publication Critical patent/EP3288694A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/024—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member
    • B21D7/025—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member and pulling or pushing the ends of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
    • B21D7/162—Heating equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for Indudictionsbiegeumformen a pressure-resistant round tube with large wall thickness and large diameter, in particular a power plant and Pipelinerohrs, with the features of the preamble of claim 1, and a suitable for carrying out induction pipe bending apparatus having the features of the preamble of claim. 8 ,
  • tubes of steel are required, which have a large wall thickness to withstand the stresses.
  • Such requirements apply, for example, to the transport of superheated steam in power plants, where pipe bends are required to adapt the pipelines to the structural conditions, or for the transport of crude oil or natural gas in pipelines over long distances, where double bends are used at regular intervals to thermal to compensate for conditional changes in length.
  • a large opening cross-section and accordingly a large pipe outside diameter is required.
  • Tubes to which the present method relates usually have nominal diameters greater than 300 mm and a diameter to wall thickness ratio of from 10: 1 to 100: 1, typically from 20: 1 to 70: 1.
  • Round tubes with the above size ratios are manufactured and delivered with ovalities of about 1%.
  • a permissible out-of-roundness at the pipe bend after the induction bending process has been completed is 4% according to European and North American standards. Larger deviations are problematic because due to the internal pressure of the media conducted through the pipe bend, locally different tensile stresses occur at the pipe wall. In high-pressure applications for which these thick-walled tubes are particularly intended, such additional stresses occurring due to out-of-roundness are relevant.
  • the wall thickness must therefore be chosen to be larger because of the geometric deviation often, as it would be mathematically necessary solely due to the fluid pressure.
  • the other adverse influence on the tube during induction bending forming is the different wall thickness distribution on the outer and inner bow.
  • the DE3150381 A1 discloses a method in which mechanical means of a tube deform. In this method, this deformation can be performed arbitrarily before or after the heating zone or simultaneously to plastically deform the tube. Furthermore, in this method, a pressure in at least two planes perpendicular to each other is exerted on the tube.
  • the EP 2 471 609 A1 gives a method for forming tubes with rectangular cross-section, but in which other problems exist because oval cross-sections do not adjust anyway.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the strength of the pipe bend weakening geometric changes in the transformation such as ovality and wall thickness reduction.
  • the solution according to the invention is provided by a method for induction bending with the features of claim 1 and an induction bending device for carrying out the method with the features of claim 8.
  • the method according to the invention initially relies on an artificial ovality being imposed on the tube before the beginning of the shaping, specifically in the form of a so-called horizontal oval.
  • Lying means that the longer diameter axis of the ellipse, which corresponds to the shape of the pipe cross section, lies in the bending plane. Since the induction bending deformation can be performed in practice only in a horizontal plane due to the large mass of the tubes and the required fixed arrangement of the bending arm, the long diameter axis is also aligned horizontally.
  • the tube is vertically compressed prior to heating and thus before entering the forming zone in a press device by press ram and counter bearing or by two mutually opposed ram and guided laterally in the horizontal direction.
  • the compression is preferably carried out by the same degree of out-of-roundness that would occur in the induction bending for a pipe bend with a certain arc angle on the same tube type. Particular preference is given to a continuous adjustment of the degree of ovality during the execution of the tube bending process, so that initially worked with lower pre-ovalities, which increase to the center of the tube bending, because without the inventive pretreatment process there would be the largest ovality.
  • the second measure provided according to the invention for optimizing the tube geometry during induction bending forming is based on the approach of at least relocating the unavoidable, different wall thickness distribution on the inside and outside of the tube.
  • the wall thickness in the inner arc increases even more due to the natural law volume constancy.
  • this has no negative effects on the strength and the subsequent processability of the pipe bend.
  • the wall thickness reduction can be reduced on the outside, so that according to the invention, a larger wall thickness is obtained, as it was previously possible when using a similar pipe.
  • the wall thickness reduction is up to 25% for a 90 ° tubular bend produced by the conventional induction bending process, namely at a conventional bending radius to pipe diameter ratio of 1.5: 1, for example.
  • the wall thickness reduction can be substantially reduced according to the invention, in particular be halved. This means that the wall thickness at the outer curve in the method according to the invention is 12.5% greater than in the prior art. This also means that either a higher operating load with the same wall thickness of the insert tube is possible, or that even a lower output wall thickness can be selected under the same operating conditions. This in turn results in a saving in weight and cost.
  • the displacement of the neutral zone during tube induction bending is achieved according to the invention in that the tube cross section between the outside of the sheet and the inside of the sheet is heated differently.
  • the outside of the bow is heated less strongly than the inside of the bow. Due to the higher temperature, the resistance to deformation at the inner arc is lower than the outer arc, resulting in the intended displacement of the neutral zone in the bend to the outer bow out.
  • the invention thus makes targeted use of the forming temperature interval available for the material.
  • the deformation with altered temperature profiles is carried out according to the invention in a partial region of the arc angle. From the beginning tangent in these Partial area into a transition program takes place, in which the displacement from a starting position, which is symmetrical to the center of the tube, is gradually shifted to the outside. From the sub-area into the final tangent, a transitional program is also applied in which the temperature profile is again increasingly symmetrically aligned.
  • Said subarea extends over about 80% - 90% of the intended arc angle.
  • the partial area starts from the initial tangent at about 1 ° -2 ° of the arc angle and ends about 1 ° -2 ° before the transition to the final tangent.
  • the inventively provided displacement of the temperature profile is preferably based on an adjustment of the annular inductor in the bending plane, in particular to the outside, preferably coupled with an adjustment of the electrical power in the induction device, ie a change in heating power. Due to the inductor adjustment to the outside of the inductor is closer to the pipe inside the pipe than outside, so here is the stronger heating.
  • the adjustment range is very small in relation to the used pipe diameters of more than 600 mm with about 5 - 50 mm. In order to effect a heating of large wall thicknesses by induction, the air gap, so the distance between the annular inductor as a current-carrying conductor and the pipe jacket, not be too large.
  • a targeted energy destruction by local cooling can take place.
  • the temperature is measured without contact as the surface temperature on the inside and outside curves, and these values are fed to a control device.
  • the temperature distribution can be tracked by the cooling capacity is increased on the outer arc and / or increases the heating power on the inner arc and / or the position of the inductor is changed in the transverse direction.
  • a distance-controlled and at the same time a power-controlled method is provided.
  • both the inside of the sheet and the outside of the sheet can be specifically influenced.
  • the operator can preselect which side of the sheet is to be primarily distance-controlled and which is power-controlled, and specifies the desired surface temperatures including permissible tolerance fields.
  • the control device then automatically changes the position of the inductor so that the desired relative distribution between inside and outside of the pipe bend is achieved and also adjusts the electrical power so that the absolute forming temperatures are achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows an induction tube bending apparatus 100, which includes a stationary machine bed 10, on which a holding device 11 is arranged for a tube 1.
  • the holding device 11 engages the tube 1 at its rear end and clamps it firmly.
  • the holding device 11 in the direction of a pipe center axis 2, which also indicates the feed direction relative to the machine bed 10 slidably. The feed takes place via a hydraulic unit 12.
  • a bending arm 30 is pivotally mounted on a vertical bending axis 32, wherein the distance of the bending axis 32 can be adjusted perpendicular to the tube center axis 2 to specify the desired bending radius.
  • a bending lock 31 is arranged, with which the tube 1 can be gripped and clamped.
  • a cooling device not shown here is arranged, with the z. B. over water, a cooling of the surface temperature is effected as soon as the corresponding length section has emerged from the forming zone.
  • An induction device comprises an annular inductor 20, which is positioned with its center in the region of the tube center axis 2.
  • a transverse adjustment device 21 is provided according to the invention, in order to be able to move the inductor 20 transversely to the longitudinal axis 2 of the insertion tube 1.
  • a press unit 50 is provided, of which a preferred embodiment in FIG FIG. 7 in front view, seen from the machine bed 10 in the feed direction, is shown.
  • a frame 51 at the top and bottom of each at least one hydraulic ram 52, 53 are arranged, which are each provided with a pressure roller 54, 55 in the form of a double cone or a Rotationshyperboloids or otherwise concave, rotationally symmetrical body.
  • a load distribution is obtained on two spaced-apart lines at the outer circumference of the tube 1 which are sufficient to each other. Traces on the outer tube shell due to excessive surface pressure can be avoided.
  • the hydraulic rams 54, 55 are operated after a single adjustment to a center which is located on the tube center axis 2, with the same stroke, so that the pressure rollers 54, 55 simultaneously contact the tube shell and then cause the same deformation forces.
  • the tube thus remains centered in the vertical plane throughout the entire bending process.
  • the tube 1 is also centered so that it is exactly on the center axis 2 through the top and bottom arranged punch 52, 53 with the pressure rollers 54, 55 compressed and no eccentricities occur.
  • the hydraulic rams 56, 57 on the side only the guide rollers 58, 59 are positioned and held, but no deforming force is exerted on the tube by them.
  • the lateral guide rollers 58, 59 are convex-spherical or cylindrical in order to avoid a shape-related fixing of the tube 1 to the guide rollers in the vertical direction.
  • the compression takes place exclusively in the vertical direction, so that the cross section of the tube 1 takes the form of an ellipse, so the long diameter axis is horizontal.
  • the ovality is in the representation after FIG. 7 as also explained in the following FIG. 3 shown oversubscribed for illustrative purposes.
  • the imposed runout is only about 1% of the pipe diameter at the beginning, 1.5% at the end, and up to 4% of the pipe diameter in the middle of the pipe bend, so that it is barely visible to the naked eye.
  • the frame 51 of the press unit 50 is annular, in the sense that it is self-contained, so endless, is formed.
  • the outer shape is preferably rhombic in plan view, wherein at each vertex one of the punches 52, 53, 55, 56 is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 shows a pipe bend 3 with an initial tangent 2 and a tangent 4.
  • the sectional plane BB is located in the middle of the pipe bend 3, because there are the largest deviations of the wall thicknesses on the inner bow and the outer bow.
  • FIG. 5 shows in a further cross-sectional drawing in the plane BB, the different wall thickness distributions on the pipe bend 3.
  • the wall thickness is significantly thicker than the pipe outer arch 3.1.
  • a vertical axis 3.3 which characterizes the neutral zone, does not lie in the center of the tube cross-section, but according to the invention is offset towards the outer pipe bend 3.1. This is achieved, for example, by the following asymmetrical temperature distribution in the forming zone according to the invention: Bow outside 3.1 850 ° C Inside bend 3.2 1000 ° C
  • FIG. 6 shows the wall thickness distribution in a horizontal longitudinal section through the pipe bend 3.
  • the dot-dash line in the middle represents the pipe center axis 2.
  • the dashed lines in the region of the pipe inner bend 3.2 and the pipe outer arch 3.1 represent the wall thicknesses on the undeformed pipe 1.
  • the solid lines show the adjusting wall thicknesses after carrying out the bending deformation. Again, the deviations shown exaggerated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
EP16731774.2A 2015-04-28 2016-04-21 Verfahren zum induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten rohrs mit grosser wandstärke und grossem durchmesser und induktions-rohrbiegevorrichtung Active EP3288694B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16731774T PL3288694T3 (pl) 2015-04-28 2016-04-21 Sposób gięcia indukcyjnego rury wytrzymałej na ściskanie, o dużej grubości ścianki i dużej średnicy oraz urządzenie do indukcyjnego gięcia rury

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015106571.1A DE102015106571A1 (de) 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 Verfahren zum Induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten Rohrs mit großer Wandstärke und großem Durchmesser und Induktions-Rohrbiegevorrichtung
PCT/DE2016/100189 WO2016173584A1 (de) 2015-04-28 2016-04-21 VERFAHREN ZUM INDUKTIONSBIEGEUMFORMEN EINES DRUCKFESTEN ROHRS MIT GROßER WANDSTÄRKE UND GROßEM DURCHMESSER UND INDUKTIONS-ROHRBIEGEVORRICHTUNG

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3288694A1 EP3288694A1 (de) 2018-03-07
EP3288694B1 true EP3288694B1 (de) 2019-06-05

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EP16731774.2A Active EP3288694B1 (de) 2015-04-28 2016-04-21 Verfahren zum induktionsbiegeumformen eines druckfesten rohrs mit grosser wandstärke und grossem durchmesser und induktions-rohrbiegevorrichtung

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US20180043410A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP3288694B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2018514387A (pt)
KR (1) KR20170141766A (pt)
CN (1) CN107567358A (pt)
BR (1) BR112017022211B1 (pt)
CA (1) CA2979430A1 (pt)
DE (1) DE102015106571A1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2744610T3 (pt)
MX (1) MX2017012647A (pt)
PL (1) PL3288694T3 (pt)
RU (1) RU2679502C1 (pt)
SG (1) SG11201707655PA (pt)
WO (1) WO2016173584A1 (pt)

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JP7238660B2 (ja) * 2019-07-22 2023-03-14 日本製鉄株式会社 中空屈曲部品の製造方法、中空屈曲部品の製造装置、及び中空屈曲部品
CN112238186B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2022-06-03 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种小半径弯管加工方法及装置
CA3180339A1 (en) 2021-06-18 2022-12-18 Space Shift, Inc. Signal processor, flying object and medium using synthetic aperture radar signal for observing an object or an environment
CN114994288B (zh) * 2022-06-01 2023-12-12 重庆科技学院 用于防治油气管道水合物生成的综合实验系统

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3150381A1 (de) * 1981-12-16 1983-06-23 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und anlage zur vermeidung der ovalitaet beim biegen von rohren

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JPS5838250B2 (ja) * 1973-01-20 1983-08-22 ダイイチコウシユウハコウギヨウ カブシキガイシヤ 断面円形の金属管の曲げ加工法及び同装置
JPS518159A (en) * 1974-07-11 1976-01-22 Nippon Steel Corp Kyokukanno seizoho
US4062216A (en) * 1974-07-23 1977-12-13 Daiichi Koshuha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metal bending methods and apparatus
JPS5186057A (ja) * 1975-01-28 1976-07-28 Daiichi Koshuha Honsha Kk Kinzokukannomagekakohooyobidosochi
DE2555326C3 (de) * 1975-12-05 1978-10-19 Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf Vorrichtung zum Biegen von Großrohren
JPS55158835A (en) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pipe bending method
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JP2003164918A (ja) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-10 Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd 金属管の曲げ加工方法及び装置
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CN101678425A (zh) * 2007-04-04 2010-03-24 住友金属工业株式会社 弯曲加工制品的制造方法、制造装置以及连续制造装置
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Publication number Publication date
JP2018514387A (ja) 2018-06-07
BR112017022211B1 (pt) 2021-01-26
ES2744610T3 (es) 2020-02-25
PL3288694T3 (pl) 2020-02-28
SG11201707655PA (en) 2017-10-30
WO2016173584A1 (de) 2016-11-03
KR20170141766A (ko) 2017-12-26
BR112017022211A2 (pt) 2018-07-03
CA2979430A1 (en) 2016-11-03
CN107567358A (zh) 2018-01-09
RU2679502C1 (ru) 2019-02-11
DE102015106571A1 (de) 2016-11-03
EP3288694A1 (de) 2018-03-07
US20180043410A1 (en) 2018-02-15
MX2017012647A (es) 2018-05-11

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