EP3276635B1 - Rubber or plastic hose line and method for its manufacture - Google Patents
Rubber or plastic hose line and method for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3276635B1 EP3276635B1 EP16206177.4A EP16206177A EP3276635B1 EP 3276635 B1 EP3276635 B1 EP 3276635B1 EP 16206177 A EP16206177 A EP 16206177A EP 3276635 B1 EP3276635 B1 EP 3276635B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- sheath
- cable
- plastic
- conductors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/36—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks
- H01B7/361—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks being the colour of the insulation or conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
- H01B7/041—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables attached to mobile objects, e.g. portable tools, elevators, mining equipment, hoisting cables
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose line for a cable drum or extension line, which is designed as a cable for electrical current.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a rubber or plastic hose line.
- Rubber or plastic hose lines are known. These are used, for example, for extension cables or cable drums. In practice, cables with a plastic sheathing, for example a PVC sheathing, are mainly used indoors. On the other hand, more robust rubber hose lines, which are less sensitive to UV radiation, are used outdoors, especially for electrical garden tools.
- the document US 2015/179307 A1 shows a signal striped cable with several conductors.
- the document US 6,437,248 B1 shows a color-coded underwater cable.
- the document CN 202 839 070 U shows a cable with stripes embedded in the jacket.
- document CN 202 025 548 U shows a multicolored cable for the avionics sector.
- WO 92/00592 A1 and EP 0 076 229 A1 show multi-core cables.
- EP 2 367 177 A1 discloses a plastic hose line according to the Oberbergiff of claim 1 with an extruded jacket made of two layers and in one color.
- the invention is based on the object of improving the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the invention is already achieved by a rubber or plastic hose line for a cable drum or extension line according to claim 1 and by a method for their production.
- the invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose, which is designed as a current-conducting cable.
- This comprises at least three wires, each with an insulation covering. Two of these wires are used for connection to phase and neutral conductors, while the remaining conductor serves as a protective conductor.
- the rubber or plastic hose line is designed as a three-phase line and accordingly comprises four or five wires.
- the jacket has a substantially circular cross section.
- the invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose, which is designed as a cable of the type H05 or H07 RR, RN or VV.
- Such lines are used for a cable drum or extension line.
- the rubber or plastic hose line has a length of preferably more than 1 m, particularly preferably more than 2.5 m, and very particularly preferably more than 4 m.
- the wires sheathed with the insulation are arranged in an extruded sheath made of rubber or plastic, which according to the invention comprises at least two areas in which the rubber or plastic from which the sheath is made is of a different color.
- the invention therefore relates to a multi-colored cable, in particular a multi-colored cable with a striped design.
- the strips extend over the entire length of the cable.
- the jacket is preferably made of materials from exactly two or exactly three different colors.
- the jacket can include the following color combinations: orange / black, red / white, red / black, red / green, yellow / black or red / yellow.
- the wires have a line cross section of 1 to 3 mm 2 .
- the jacket consists of a rubber, in particular a chloroprene rubber, a silicone rubber or PVC.
- Rubbers and silicones are particularly intended for use of the cable outdoors. If the cable is used for an extension line or a cable drum, this includes, according to the invention, a protective contact plug, preferably a splash-proof protective contact plug.
- the jacket is adjacent to the insulation of the wires.
- the jacket is extruded without further intermediate insulation layer, in particular directly around the insulated wires. It has been found that such a multicolored cable can be produced easily and without further intermediate insulation layers.
- the jacket is formed in one layer. This is understood to mean that the differently colored layers extend over the entire thickness of the jacket and only adjoin one another at the edge.
- the jacket preferably comprises (in percent by weight) 10-90%, particularly preferably 30-70% of a material of a first color and / or 10-90%, preferably 30-70%, of a material of a second color.
- the jacket comprises a strip of a first color which is narrower than an adjacent area of the jacket of a different color.
- the jacket comprises one or more narrow strips of a signal color, such as red, yellow or orange.
- the invention further relates to an extension or a cable drum, which comprises a rubber or plastic hose line, which was described above.
- the strip or strips preferably have a width of less than 3 mm.
- the invention further relates to a connection line provided with a protective contact plug for electrical appliances, in particular gardening appliances, such as hedge trimmers, lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, tools, in particular drills and saws, and for household appliances such as washing machines and dryers.
- gardening appliances such as hedge trimmers, lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, tools, in particular drills and saws
- household appliances such as washing machines and dryers.
- the invention comprises a method for producing a rubber or plastic hose line described above, the jacket being extruded around the wires provided with insulation.
- the jacket is extruded by means of at least two extrusion machines, a first color being extruded by means of a first extrusion machine and a further color being extruded by means of a second extrusion machine.
- thermoplastic such as PVC
- the areas of different colors are extruded directly onto the jacket, the thermoplastic being so molten that the areas of different colors are bonded together in the molten state.
- At least two extrusion machines are used, by means of which the rubber or plastic material is conveyed in the molten state.
- extrusion machines convey the molten rubber or plastic to an extrusion die.
- the rubber or plastic is applied in strips, preferably in four strips, to the lines which are led onto the extrusion tool.
- the encapsulation tool thus has a central channel through which the electrical lines which are to be encapsulated by means of a multicolored jacket are introduced.
- the extrusion die is also connected to the two extrusion machines.
- the design of the encapsulation tool determines how many webs are applied to the lines and in what ratio.
- the encapsulation tool is designed in such a way that the rubber or plastic material of an extrusion machine rests in two opposite tracks the pipe can be extruded.
- two extrusion machines can be used to produce a rubber or plastic hose line with four webs, the opposite webs of which each have the same color.
- an overmolding tool which has an insert in which the channel for inserting the lines is arranged.
- the outside of this insert is provided with at least two dividers which divide the rubber or plastic into at least two webs. Via the dividers, the material is first separated from one another in webs when it is introduced via the extrusion machines and then brought together in order to form a cohesive bond even in the molten state and thus form several webs of different colors after curing or crosslinking.
- an encapsulation tool which has a channel through which extruded rubber or plastic is guided to an opposite side of the line.
- This embodiment of the invention is intended in particular to apply four webs to the lines by means of two extrusion machines.
- the channel in order to transport the rubber or plastic material to the opposite side, is preferably in use of the encapsulation tool.
- the encapsulation tool is designed in several parts, so that molten material can be passed between an inner part and an outer part.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an example, outside the invention, of a multi-colored sheath of a rubber or plastic hose line, which is designed as a cable 1.
- the cable 1 comprises three electrically conductive wires 4, each of which is covered with insulation 5.
- a jacket 2 made of rubber or plastic is extruded around the insulated wires 4.
- the inside of the jacket 2 is not, as shown here, a channel with a precisely circular cross section, but rather the jacket 2 adapts to the inside of the contour of the insulation 5.
- the jacket 2 comprises areas 3a, 3b which consist of a plastic or a rubber of a different color.
- the jacket 2 is divided into four regions of equal size, as viewed in cross section, each of which extends around a quarter of the circumference.
- Fig. 2 shows a side view of such a cable. It can be seen that an area 3a and an area 3b can be seen in this view.
- Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a cable 1 in a side view.
- the region 3b is designed as a narrow strip which adjoins the regions 3a.
- This narrow strip can in particular have a signal color.
- Fig. 4 shows in a schematic view a system for producing a multi-colored rubber or plastic hose.
- the system comprises an overmolding tool 9, of which only the housing is shown schematically here.
- the already insulated lines 7 are inserted into the encapsulation tool 9 on one side in order to be encapsulated with plastic.
- the cable 1 configured as a multicolored rubber or plastic hose line comes out of the encapsulation tool 9 and can optionally be subjected to further manufacturing steps, for example by crosslinking the still molten material or cooling it.
- the housing of the extrusion die 9 is connected on both sides to an extrusion machine 8a, 8b, via which the rubber or plastic raw material is conveyed to the extrusion die 9 in a molten state.
- the most important component of the encapsulation tool 9 is an insert which is inserted into the housing 9 of the encapsulation tool.
- Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of such an insert 10.
- the insert 10 is installed in a cylindrical recess in the housing of the extrusion die.
- the rubber or plastic material is introduced from the two opposite extrusion machines from the side.
- the insert at the point in which the material is introduced comprises a splitter 12, via which the molten material of an extrusion machine is divided and via the channels 14a and 14b in the direction of the lines of the cable to be extruded.
- the lines are inserted into the channel 11 from a rear side and are provided with the multicolored rubber or plastic jacket when leaving the channel 11.
- the insert 10 comprises two dividers 15.
- the dividers 15 separate the material of the two extrusion machines after injection. It goes without saying that the side of the insert 10 opposite this illustration is configured identically or similarly.
- the dividers 15 are designed in such a way that they run out in the direction of the cable to be extruded, and consequently the material of an extrusion machine flowing out of the channels 14a and 14b connects above the dividers 15 to the material of the other extrusion machine, two webs being delimited from one another.
- the splitter 12 after which an island 13 protrudes and via which the material of an extrusion machine is first divided into two streams along the channels 14a and 14b, serves to split the material of an extrusion machine into two sub-streams, which means that the webs of different material stick together above the divider 15 improved.
- the material of an extrusion machine flows together again after the island 13, which is designed in the form of drops in this exemplary embodiment.
- the splitter 12 and the island 13 may also be dispensed with.
- the insert 10 also comprises a central channel 11 through which the lines (in this view below) are introduced and (in this view above) and are provided with a multi-colored jacket.
- the material of an extrusion machine is injected into the laterally arranged channel 25.
- a splitter 16 is located in the channel 25.
- part of the material of an extrusion machine exits on the same side through an outlet 17 arranged above it and is guided along the axially arranged channel 19 in the direction of the cable to be extruded.
- this insert In order to reliably separate the material from the material of the other extrusion machine after leaving the channel 17 and to guide it, this insert also includes the dividers 18, which are designed as pointed prongs, and thus run out in the direction of the cable to be extruded.
- FIG. 7 Figure 10 is a perspective view of the opposite side of the insert shown in Figure 10.
- an outlet 20 is also present on this side, via which the corresponding to the Fig. 6 the material of the extrusion machine that goes into channel 25 ( Fig. 6 ) is directed, exits.
- the outlet 20 is therefore with the in Fig. 6 shown channel 25 connected.
- the material of an extrusion machine is divided into two opposite segments, which can take up a quarter of the circumference of the cable sheath, for example.
- Dividers 18 are also present on this side, which initially separate the material.
- Fig. 7 On the here in Fig. 7 The side shown is connected to the second extrusion machine, the material of which is divided in this exemplary embodiment via the splitter 21 and is guided in the direction of the cable to be extruded via the channels 22a and 22b which exit the side of the splitter 21.
- the splitter 21 already serves to divide the material of the second extrusion machine into two partial streams. These two partial flows combine above the dividers 18 with the two partial flows from the other extrusion machine, which flow out of the outlets 17 and 20.
- Fig. 8 shows the in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 insert 10 shown in a plan view of the exit of the channel 11 through which the line is guided.
- the insert 10 comprises an inner part 24, by means of which, in cooperation with the outer part of the insert 10, a channel can be formed which connects the inlet of the channel 25 to the outlet 20.
- the invention has made it possible to provide a cable which is designed as a rubber or plastic hose line and is visually appealing and its recognizability is improved in a simple manner.
Landscapes
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung für eine Kabeltrommel oder Verlängerungsleitung , welche als Leitungskabel für elektrischen Strom ausgebildet ist. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung.The invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose line for a cable drum or extension line, which is designed as a cable for electrical current. The invention further relates to a method for producing a rubber or plastic hose line.
Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitungen sind bekannt. Diese werden beispielsweise für Verlängerungsleitungen oder Kabeltrommeln verwendet. Im Innenbereich werden in der Praxis überwiegend Leitungen mit einer Kunststoffummantelung, beispielsweise einer PVC-Ummantelung, eingesetzt. Im Außenbereich, insbesondere für elektrische Gartengeräte, werden dagegen robustere und gegenüber UV-Strahlung unempfindlichere Gummischlauchleitungen verwendet.Rubber or plastic hose lines are known. These are used, for example, for extension cables or cable drums. In practice, cables with a plastic sheathing, for example a PVC sheathing, are mainly used indoors. On the other hand, more robust rubber hose lines, which are less sensitive to UV radiation, are used outdoors, especially for electrical garden tools.
Sowohl Kunststoffleitungen als auch Gummischlauchleitungen gibt es in verschiedenen Farben. Die im Außenbereich verwendeten Gummischlauchleitungen sind in der Praxis beispielsweise in den Farben rot und schwarz verfügbar. Nachteilig ist, dass die bekannten einfarbigen Leitungen nicht auf jeden Untergrund gut erkennbar sind. So sind beispielsweise auch rote Gummischlauchleitungen auf roten Sandböden, wie diese beispielsweise für Tennisplätze oder Laufbahnen verwendet werden, schlecht zu erkennen.Both plastic lines and rubber hose lines are available in different colors. In practice, the rubber hose lines used outdoors are available in red and black, for example. The disadvantage is that the known single-color cables are not easily recognizable on every surface. For example, red rubber hose lines on red sand floors, such as those used for tennis courts or running tracks, are difficult to see.
Dies ist mit einer entsprechenden Unfallgefahr verbunden, etwa, weil die Leitung mit einem elektrischen Gerät, wie einem Rasenmäher, beschädigt wird oder weil von der nicht gut zu erkennenden Leitung eine Stolpergefahr ausgeht.This is associated with a corresponding risk of an accident, for example because the line is damaged with an electrical device, such as a lawn mower, or because the line which is not easily recognizable triggers a risk of stumbling.
Das Dokument
Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu verbessern.The invention is based on the object of improving the disadvantages of the prior art.
Es ist insbesondere eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung bereit zu stellen, deren Erkennbarkeit auch bei unterschiedlichen Untergründen verbessert ist.It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a rubber or plastic hose line, the visibility of which is improved even on different substrates.
Die Erfindung wird bereits durch eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung für eine Kabeltrommel oder Verlängerungsleitung nach Anspruch 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung gelöst.The invention is already achieved by a rubber or plastic hose line for a cable drum or extension line according to
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind dem Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche, der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen zu entnehmen.Preferred embodiments and developments of the invention can be found in the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung, welche als stromleitendes Kabel ausgebildet ist. Diese umfasst zumindest drei, mit jeweils einer Isolierung ummantelnde Adern. Zwei dieser Adern dienen dem Anschluss an Phase- und Nullleiter, während der verbleibende Leiter als Schutzleiter dient.The invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose, which is designed as a current-conducting cable. This comprises at least three wires, each with an insulation covering. Two of these wires are used for connection to phase and neutral conductors, while the remaining conductor serves as a protective conductor.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung als Drehstromleitung ausgebildet und umfasst dementsprechend vier oder fünf Adern.In a further embodiment, the rubber or plastic hose line is designed as a three-phase line and accordingly comprises four or five wires.
Der Mantel hat einen im wesentlichen kreisförmigen Querschnitt.The jacket has a substantially circular cross section.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung, welche als Kabel des Typs H05 oder H07 RR, RN oder VV ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a rubber or plastic hose, which is designed as a cable of the type H05 or H07 RR, RN or VV.
Derartige Leitungen werden, versehen mit Schutzkontaktsteckern, für eine Kabeltrommel oder Verlängerungsleitung verwendet.Such lines, provided with earthing contact plugs, are used for a cable drum or extension line.
Die Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung hat hierfür eine Länge von vorzugsweise mehr als 1 m, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 2,5 m, und ganz besonders bevorzugt mehr als 4 m. Die mit der Isolierung ummantelnden Adern sind in einem extrudierten Mantel aus Gummi oder Kunststoff angeordnet, welcher gemäß der Erfindung zumindest zwei Bereiche umfasst, in denen der Gummi- oder Kunststoff, aus welchem der Mantel besteht aus einer anderen Farbe ausgebildet ist.For this purpose, the rubber or plastic hose line has a length of preferably more than 1 m, particularly preferably more than 2.5 m, and very particularly preferably more than 4 m. The wires sheathed with the insulation are arranged in an extruded sheath made of rubber or plastic, which according to the invention comprises at least two areas in which the rubber or plastic from which the sheath is made is of a different color.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich also auf ein mehrfarbiges Kabel, insbesondere ein gestreift ausgebildetes mehrfarbiges Kabel.The invention therefore relates to a multi-colored cable, in particular a multi-colored cable with a striped design.
Erfindungsgemäß erstrecken sich die Streifen über die gesamte Länge des Kabels.According to the invention, the strips extend over the entire length of the cable.
Dieses kann 2 oder mehr, insbesondere 3, 4, 5 oder 6 Bereiche umfassen, welche gegenüber einem jeweils angrenzenden Bereich eine andere Farbe aufweisen.This can comprise 2 or more, in particular 3, 4, 5 or 6, areas which have a different color than an adjacent area.
Vorzugsweise ist der Mantel aus Materialien aus genau zwei oder genau drei verschiedenen Farben ausgebildet. Insbesondere kann der Mantel folgende Farbkombinationen umfassen: orange/schwarz, rot/weiß, rot/schwarz, rot/grün, gelb/schwarz oder rot/gelb.The jacket is preferably made of materials from exactly two or exactly three different colors. In particular, the jacket can include the following color combinations: orange / black, red / white, red / black, red / green, yellow / black or red / yellow.
Die Erkennbarkeit eines derart gestreift ausgebildeten Mantels wird so auf einfache Weise verbessert.The recognizability of a jacket designed in this way is thus improved in a simple manner.
Die Adern haben gemäß der Erfindung einen Leitungsquerschnitt von 1 bis 3 mm2.According to the invention, the wires have a line cross section of 1 to 3 mm 2 .
Erfindungsgemäß besteht der Mantel aus einem Kautschuk, insbesondere aus einem Chloropren-Kautschuk, einem Silikon-Gummi oder aus PVC.According to the invention, the jacket consists of a rubber, in particular a chloroprene rubber, a silicone rubber or PVC.
Kautschuke und Silikone sind insbesondere für eine Verwendung des Kabels im Außenbereich vorgesehen. Sofern das Kabel für eine Verlängerungsleitung oder eine Kabeltrommel verwendet wird, umfasst dies erfindungsgemäß ein Schutzkontaktstecker, vorzugsweise einen spritzwassergeschützten Schutzkontaktstecker.Rubbers and silicones are particularly intended for use of the cable outdoors. If the cable is used for an extension line or a cable drum, this includes, according to the invention, a protective contact plug, preferably a splash-proof protective contact plug.
Der Mantel grenzt an die Isolierung der Adern an.The jacket is adjacent to the insulation of the wires.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird also der Mantel ohne weitere Isolierungszwischenlage, insbesondere unmittelbar um die isolierten Adern extrudiert. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass so ein mehrfarbiges Kabel einfach und auch ohne weitere Isolierungszwischenschichten produziert werden kann.According to the invention, therefore, the jacket is extruded without further intermediate insulation layer, in particular directly around the insulated wires. It has been found that such a multicolored cable can be produced easily and without further intermediate insulation layers.
Es versteht sich aber, dass dies nicht ausschließt, dass die Isolierung der Adern mit einem Trennmittel, also kein Isolierungszwischenlage, wie beispielsweise Talkum, versehen wird bevor der Mantel aufextrudiert wird.However, it goes without saying that this does not rule out that the insulation of the wires is provided with a release agent, that is to say no intermediate layer of insulation, such as talcum, before the sheath is extruded on.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Mantel einschichtig ausgebildet. Hierunter wird verstanden, dass die verschieden farbigen Schichten sich über die gesamte Dicke des Mantels erstrecken und nur randseitig aneinander angrenzen.According to the invention, the jacket is formed in one layer. This is understood to mean that the differently colored layers extend over the entire thickness of the jacket and only adjoin one another at the edge.
Vorzugsweise umfasst der Mantel (in Gewichtsprozent) 10-90 %, besonders bevorzugt 30-70 % eines Materials einer ersten Farbe und/oder 10-90 %, vorzugsweise 30-70 %, eines Materials einer zweiten Farbe.The jacket preferably comprises (in percent by weight) 10-90%, particularly preferably 30-70% of a material of a first color and / or 10-90%, preferably 30-70%, of a material of a second color.
Bei einer Ausführungsform umfasst der Mantel einen Streifen einer ersten Farbe, welcher schmaler ausgebildet ist als ein angrenzender Bereich des Mantels einer anderen Farbe.In one embodiment, the jacket comprises a strip of a first color which is narrower than an adjacent area of the jacket of a different color.
Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass der Mantel einen oder mehrere schmale Streifen einer Signalfarbe, wie beispielsweise rot, gelb oder orange, umfasst.In this embodiment of the invention, it is provided in particular that the jacket comprises one or more narrow strips of a signal color, such as red, yellow or orange.
Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren eine Verlängerung oder eine Kabeltrommel, welche eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung umfasst, welche vorstehend beschrieben wurde. Der oder die Streifen haben vorzugsweise eine Breite von weniger als 3mm.The invention further relates to an extension or a cable drum, which comprises a rubber or plastic hose line, which was described above. The strip or strips preferably have a width of less than 3 mm.
Weiter betrifft die Erfindung eine mit einem Schutzkontaktstecker versehene Anschlussleitung für Elektrogeräte, insbesondere Gartengeräte, wie Heckenscheren, Rasenmäher, Rasentrimmer, Werkzeuge, insbesondere Bohrmaschinen und Sägen sowie für Haushaltsgeräte wie Waschmaschinen und Trockner.The invention further relates to a connection line provided with a protective contact plug for electrical appliances, in particular gardening appliances, such as hedge trimmers, lawn mowers, lawn trimmers, tools, in particular drills and saws, and for household appliances such as washing machines and dryers.
Weiter umfasst die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer vorstehend beschriebenen Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung, wobei der Mantel um die mit einer Isolation versehenen Adern extrudiert wird.Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for producing a rubber or plastic hose line described above, the jacket being extruded around the wires provided with insulation.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird der Mantel mittels zumindest zwei Extrusionsmaschinen extrudiert, wobei mittels einer ersten Extrusionsmaschine eine erste Farbe und mittels einer zweiten Extrusionsmaschine eine weitere Farbe extrudiert wird.According to the invention, the jacket is extruded by means of at least two extrusion machines, a first color being extruded by means of a first extrusion machine and a further color being extruded by means of a second extrusion machine.
Durch die Verwendung eines Thermoplastes, wie PVC, werden die Bereiche unterschiedlicher Farbe unmittelbar auf den Mantel extrudiert, wobei der Thermoplast derart schmelzflüssig ist, dass sich die Bereiche verschiedener Farben im schmelzflüssigen Zustand miteinander stoffschlüssig verbinden.By using a thermoplastic, such as PVC, the areas of different colors are extruded directly onto the jacket, the thermoplastic being so molten that the areas of different colors are bonded together in the molten state.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden zumindest zwei Extrusionsmaschinen verwendet, mittels welchen das Gummi- oder Kunststoffmaterial im schmelzflüssigen Zustand gefördert wird.In the method according to the invention, at least two extrusion machines are used, by means of which the rubber or plastic material is conveyed in the molten state.
Diese zumindest zwei Extrusionsmaschinen fördern den schmelzflüssigen Gummi oder Kunststoff zu einem Umspritzwerkzeug. In dem Umspritzwerkzeug wird der Gummi oder Kunststoff in Bahnen, vorzugsweise in vier Bahnen auf die Leitungen, die auf das Umspritzwerkzeug geführt werden, aufgebracht.These at least two extrusion machines convey the molten rubber or plastic to an extrusion die. In the extrusion tool, the rubber or plastic is applied in strips, preferably in four strips, to the lines which are led onto the extrusion tool.
Das Umspritzwerkzeug hat also einen mittigen Kanal, durch den die elektrischen Leitungen, welche mittels eines mehrfarbigen Mantels umspritzt werden sollen, eingeführt werden.The encapsulation tool thus has a central channel through which the electrical lines which are to be encapsulated by means of a multicolored jacket are introduced.
Weiter ist das Umspritzwerkzeug mit den beiden Extrusionsmaschinen verbunden. Durch die Ausgestaltung des Umspritzwerkzeugs wird bestimmt, wie viele Bahnen in welchem Verhältnis auf die Leitungen aufgebracht werden.The extrusion die is also connected to the two extrusion machines. The design of the encapsulation tool determines how many webs are applied to the lines and in what ratio.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Umspritzwerkzeug derart ausgebildet, dass das Gummi- oder Kunststoffmaterial einer Extrusionsmaschine in zwei gegenüberliegenden Bahnen auf die Leitung extrudiert werden kann. So kann mit zwei Extrusionsmaschinen eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung mit vier Bahnen hergestellte werden, von denen die sich gegenüberliegenden Bahnen jeweils dieselbe Farbe haben.According to the invention, the encapsulation tool is designed in such a way that the rubber or plastic material of an extrusion machine rests in two opposite tracks the pipe can be extruded. For example, two extrusion machines can be used to produce a rubber or plastic hose line with four webs, the opposite webs of which each have the same color.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Umspritzwerkzeug verwendet, welches einen Einsatz aufweist, in dem der Kanal zum Einführen der Leitungen angeordnet ist.According to the invention, an overmolding tool is used which has an insert in which the channel for inserting the lines is arranged.
Die Außenseite dieses Einsatzes ist mit zumindest zwei Teilern versehen, welche den Gummi oder Kunststoff in zumindest zwei Bahnen aufteilen. Über die Teiler wird das Material beim Einbringen über die Extrusionsmaschinen zunächst in Bahnen voneinander getrennt und sodann zusammengeführt, um sich noch im schmelzflüssigen Zustand stoffschlüssig zu verbinden und so nach dem Aushärten oder Vernetzen mehrere Bahnen unterschiedlicher Farbe zu bilden.The outside of this insert is provided with at least two dividers which divide the rubber or plastic into at least two webs. Via the dividers, the material is first separated from one another in webs when it is introduced via the extrusion machines and then brought together in order to form a cohesive bond even in the molten state and thus form several webs of different colors after curing or crosslinking.
Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird ein Umspritzwerkzeug verwendet, welches einen Kanal aufweist, über den extrudierter Gummi oder Kunststoff auf eine gegenüberliegende Seite der Leitung geführt wird.In a further development of the invention, an encapsulation tool is used which has a channel through which extruded rubber or plastic is guided to an opposite side of the line.
Diese Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist insbesondere dazu vorgesehen, mittels zwei Extrusionsmaschinen vier Bahnen auf die Leitungen aufzubringen. Es entsteht also eine Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung mit einem in vier Segmente eingeteilten Mantel, von denen zwei Segmente eine erste Farbe und zwei andere Segmente eine zweite Farbe haben.This embodiment of the invention is intended in particular to apply four webs to the lines by means of two extrusion machines. This creates a rubber or plastic hose with a sheath divided into four segments, two segments of which have a first color and two other segments have a second color.
Vorzugsweise befindet sich der Kanal, um das Gummi- oder Kunststoffmaterial auf die gegenüberliegende Seite zu transportieren, im Einsatz des Umspritzwerkzeugs. Es ist hierzu insbesondere vorgesehen, dass das Umspritzwerkzeug mehrteilig ausgebildet ist, so dass schmelzflüssiges Material zwischen einem Innenteil und einem Außenteil hindurchgeführt werden kann.The channel, in order to transport the rubber or plastic material to the opposite side, is preferably in use of the encapsulation tool. For this purpose, it is particularly provided that the encapsulation tool is designed in several parts, so that molten material can be passed between an inner part and an outer part.
Die Erfindung soll im Folgenden bezugnehmend auf schematisch dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnungen
-
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Beispiel, außerhalb der Erfindung, einer mehrfarbigen Mantel einer Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung. -
Fig. 2 undFig. 3 sind schematische Seitenansichten eines Abschnitts einer erfindungsgemäßen Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung. -
Fig. 4 ist eine schematische Ansicht einer Anlage zur Herstellen einer erfindungsgemäßen Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung. -
Fig. 5 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht eines in dem Umspritzwerkzeug der Anlage verwendeten Einsatzes. -
Fig. 6 bis Fig. 8 sind perspektivische Ansichten eines alternativen Ausführungsbeispiels eines Einsatzes, mittels dessen sich vier Gummi- oder Kunststoffbahnen aufspritzen lassen.
-
Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an example, outside the invention, of a multi-colored jacket of a rubber or plastic hose line. -
Fig. 2 andFig. 3 are schematic side views of a portion of a rubber or plastic hose assembly according to the invention. -
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a plant for producing a rubber or plastic hose line according to the invention. -
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an insert used in the overmolding tool of the plant. -
6 to 8 are perspective views of an alternative embodiment of an insert by means of which four rubber or plastic sheets can be sprayed.
Das Kabel 1 umfasst drei elektrisch leitende Adern 4, welche jeweils mit einer Isolierung 5 umhüllt sind. Um die isolierten Adern 4 ist ein Mantel 2 aus Gummi oder Kunststoff extrudiert.The
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Innenseite des Mantels 2 nicht, wie hier dargestellt, einen genau im Querschnitt kreisförmigen Kanal ausbildet, sondern passt sich der Mantel 2 innenseitig der Kontur der Isolierungen 5 an.According to the invention, the inside of the
Der Mantel 2 umfasst in diesem Beispiel Bereiche 3a, 3b, welche aus einem Kunststoff oder einem Gummi einer unterschiedlichen Farbe bestehen.In this example, the
In diesem Beispiel ist der Mantel 2 in vier, im Querschnitt gesehen, gleichgroße Bereiche eingeteilt, welche sich jeweils um ein Viertel des Umfanges erstrecken.
Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Farbe der Bereiche 3a und 3b ist das Kabel 1 besser zu erkennen.Due to the different color of the
Die Anlage umfasst ein Umspritzwerkzeug 9, von welchem hier nur das Gehäuse schematisch dargestellt ist.The system comprises an
In das Umspritzwerkzeug 9 werden auf einer Seite die bereits isolierten Leitungen 7 eingeführt, um mit Kunststoff umspritzt zu werden.The already insulated
Nach dem Umspritzen kommen aus dem Umspritzwerkzeug 9 das als mehrfarbige Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung ausgestaltete Kabel 1 heraus und kann ggf. noch weiteren Herstellungsschritten, etwa durch Vernetzen des noch schmelzflüssigen Materials oder Abkühlen desselben, unterzogen werden.After the extrusion coating, the
Um das Gummi- oder Kunststoffmaterial einzubringen, ist das Gehäuse des Umspritzwerkzeugs 9 auf beiden Seiten mit jeweils einer Extrusionsmaschine 8a, 8b verbunden, über die das Gummi- oder Kunststoffrohmaterial schmelzflüssig zum Umspritzwerkzeug 9 gefördert wird.In order to introduce the rubber or plastic material, the housing of the extrusion die 9 is connected on both sides to an
Derartige Extrusionsmaschinen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt.Such extrusion machines are known from the prior art.
Wichtigster Bestandteil des Umspritzwerkzeugs 9 ist ein Einsatz, welcher in das Gehäuse 9 des Umspritzwerkzeugs eingeführt wird.The most important component of the
Der Einsatz 10 wird in eine zylindrische Ausnehmung des Gehäuses des Umspritzwerkzeugs eingebaut.The
Im hier dargestellten unteren Bereich des Einsatzes 10 wird von der Seite her das Gummi- oder Kunststoffmaterial von den beiden gegenüberstehenden Extrusionsmaschinen eingebracht.In the lower region of the
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst der Einsatz an der Stelle, in der das Material eingebracht wird, einen Splitter 12, über den das schmelzflüssige Material einer Extrusionsmaschine aufgeteilt wird und über die Kanäle 14a und 14b in Richtung der Leitungen des zu extrudierenden Kabels geführt wird.In this exemplary embodiment, the insert at the point in which the material is introduced comprises a
Die Leitungen werden von einer hinteren Seite in den Kanal 11 eingeführt und werden beim Verlassen des Kanals 11 mit dem mehrfarbigen Gummi- oder Kunststoffmantel versehen.The lines are inserted into the
Um eine saubere Trennung des Materials der beiden Extrusionsmaschinen in zwei Bahnen zu gewährleisten, umfasst der Einsatz 10 zwei Teiler 15. Die Teiler 15 separieren nach dem Einspritzen das Material der beiden Extrusionsmaschinen. Es versteht sich, dass die dieser Darstellung gegenüberliegende Seite des Einsatzes 10 gleich oder ähnlich ausgestaltet ist.In order to ensure a clean separation of the material of the two extrusion machines in two webs, the
Die Teiler 15 sind derart ausgestaltet, dass diese in Richtung des zu extrudierenden Kabels auslaufen, sich mithin das aus den Kanälen 14a und 14b strömende Material einer Extrusionsmaschine oberhalb der Teiler 15 mit dem Material der anderen Extrusionsmaschine verbindet, wobei sich zwei voneinander abgegrenzte Bahnen bilden.The
Der Splitter 12, nach dem eine Insel 13 hervorsteht und über den das Material einer Extrusionsmaschine zunächst in zwei Ströme entlang der Kanäle 14a und 14b aufgeteilt wird, dient der Aufteilung des Materials einer Extrusionsmaschine in zwei Teilströme, was ein Zusammenhaften der Bahnen aus verschiedenem Material oberhalb der Teiler 15 verbessert.The
Das Material einer Extrusionsmaschine fließt nach der, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel tropfenförmig ausgestalteten, Insel 13 wieder zusammen.The material of an extrusion machine flows together again after the
Dadurch, dass das Material nach dem Einspritzen in das Umspritzwerkzeug der Insel 13 ausweichen muss, verbinden sich die aus den beiden Extrusionsmaschinen kommenden Materialströme oberhalb der Teiler 15 auf sichere Art und Weise.Due to the fact that the material has to dodge after injection into the extrusion die of the
Es versteht sich, dass bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die hier nicht dargestellt ist, aber ggf. auch auf den Splitter 12 sowie die Insel 13 verzichtet werden kann.It goes without saying that in another embodiment of the invention, which is not shown here, the
Bezugnehmend auf
Auch der Einsatz 10 umfasst einen mittigen Kanal 11, über den die Leitungen (in dieser Ansicht unten) eingeführt werden und (in dieser Ansicht oben) und mit einem mehrfarbigen Mantel versehen werden.The
Im Unterschied zu dem zuvor dargestellten Einsatz wird das Material einer Extrusionsmaschine in den seitlich angeordneten Kanal 25 eingespritzt.In contrast to the insert described above, the material of an extrusion machine is injected into the laterally arranged
In dem Kanal 25 befindet sich ein Splitter 16.A
Über den Kanal 25 tritt ein Teil des Materials einer Extrusionsmaschine auf derselben Seite durch einen darüber angeordneten Auslass 17 aus und wird entlang des axial angeordneten Kanals 19 in Richtung des zu extrudierenden Kabels geleitet.Via the
Um das Material nach Verlassen des Kanals 17 zunächst von dem Material der anderen Extrusionsmaschine sicher zu trennen und um dieses zu führen, umfasst auch dieser Einsatz die Teiler 18, welche als spitze Zacken ausgebildet sind, mithin in Richtung des zu extrudierenden Kabels auslaufen.In order to reliably separate the material from the material of the other extrusion machine after leaving the
Zu erkennen ist, dass auch auf dieser Seite ein Auslass 20 vorhanden ist, über den entsprechend der
So wird das Material einer Extrusionsmaschine in zwei gegenüberliegende Segmente, die beispielsweise einen Viertel des Umfangs des Kabelmantels einnehmen können, aufgeteilt.The material of an extrusion machine is divided into two opposite segments, which can take up a quarter of the circumference of the cable sheath, for example.
Auch auf dieser Seite sind Teiler 18 vorhanden, die das Material zunächst trennen.
Auf der hier in
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel dient also bereits der Splitter 21 der Teilung des Materials der zweiten Extrusionsmaschine in zwei Teilströme. Diese beiden Teilströme verbinden sich oberhalb der Teiler 18 mit den beiden Teilströmen aus der anderen Extrusionsmaschine, welche aus den Auslässen 17 und 20 strömen.In this exemplary embodiment, the
Zu erkennen ist, dass über die Teiler 18 das Material der beiden Extrusionsmaschinen in insgesamt vier Bahnen aufgeteilt wird.It can be seen that the material of the two extrusion machines is divided into a total of four webs via the
Um das Material einer Extrusionsmaschine auf die gegenüberliegende Seite führen zu können, umfasst der Einsatz 10 ein Innenteil 24, durch welches im Zusammenwirken mit dem Außenteil des Einsatzes 10 ein Kanal gebildet werden kann, welcher den Einlass des Kanals 25 mit dem Auslass 20 verbindet.In order to be able to guide the material of an extrusion machine to the opposite side, the
Durch die Erfindung konnte ein als Gummi- oder Kunststoffschlauchleitung ausgebildetes Kabel bereitgestellt werden, welches optisch ansprechend ist und dessen Erkennbarkeit auf einfache Weise verbessert ist.The invention has made it possible to provide a cable which is designed as a rubber or plastic hose line and is visually appealing and its recognizability is improved in a simple manner.
- 11
- Kabelelectric wire
- 22
- Mantelcoat
- 3a3a
- BereichArea
- 3b3b
- BereichArea
- 44
- AderVein
- 55
- Isolierunginsulation
- 66
- Anlageinvestment
- 77
- Leitungmanagement
- 8a, 8b8a, 8b
- Extrusionsmaschineextrusion machine
- 99
- UmspritzwerkzeugUmspritzwerkzeug
- 1010
- Einsatzcommitment
- 1111
- Kanalchannel
- 1212
- Splittersplinter
- 1313
- Inselisland
- 14a, 14b14a, 14b
- Kanalchannel
- 1515
- Teilerdivider
- 1616
- Splittersplinter
- 1717
- Auslassoutlet
- 1818
- Teilerdivider
- 1919
- Kanalchannel
- 2020
- Auslassoutlet
- 2121
- Splittersplinter
- 22a, 22b22a, 22b
- Kanalchannel
- 2323
- Kanalchannel
- 2424
- Innenteilinner part
- 2525
- Kanalchannel
Claims (8)
- A rubber or plastic cable (1) for an extension cable or a cable drum with shock-proof plugs, comprising
at least three conductors (4) that are each sheathed with an insulation (5), wherein the conductors that are sheathed with the insulation are arranged in an extruded sheath (2) made of rubber or plastic,
wherein two of the at least three conductors serve for connection to phase and neutral conductors while the remaining conductor serves as a protective conductor, and wherein the conductors each have a cable cross-section of 1 to 3 mm2, wherein the sheath consists of natural rubber, silicone rubber or PVC, characterized in that the sheath is formed as a single layer and comprises at least two regions (3a, b) in which the rubber or plastic is formed in a different color, wherein the layers having different colors extend over the entire thickness of the sheath and are adjacent to each other only on the edge sides, and wherein the inner side of the sheath does not have a passage that is precisely circular in cross-section but the sheath adjusts to the contour of the insulations of the conductors on its inner side. - The rubber or plastic cable in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath consists of chloroprene rubber.
- The rubber or plastic cable in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath is arranged directly adjacent to the insulation.
- The rubber or plastic cable in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath comprises 10 to 90 per cent, preferably 30 to 70 per cent, of a material of a first color and/or 10 to 90 per cent, preferably 30 to 70 per cent, of a material of a second color.
- The rubber or plastic cable in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath is striped.
- The rubber or plastic cable in accordance with the preceding claim, characterized in that the sheath comprises at least one stripe of a first color, the at least one stripe being narrower than an adjacent region of the sheath.
- A method for the manufacture of a rubber or plastic cable for an extension cable or a cable drum in accordance with Claim 1 with a, wherein the sheath is extruded around the conductors that are provided with the insulation, wherein the sheath is extruded by means of two extruders, wherein the rubber or plastic is, in an extrusion-coating tool, applied onto the cables that are passed through the extrusion-coating tool in at least two webs, wherein use is made of an extrusion-coating tool with an insert in which a passage for introducing the cables is arranged, wherein the outside of this insert is provided with at least two dividers which divide the rubber or plastic into at least two webs, and wherein the material is first separated into webs and then brought together via the dividers when it is introduced by means of the extruders, so that it can combine in a positively bonded manner while it is still in the molten state and can thus form a plurality of webs of different colors after curing or cross-linking.
- The method in accordance with the preceding claim, characterized in that use is made of an extrusion-coated tool which has a passage through which extruded rubber or plastic is passed to an opposite side of the cable.
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DE102016113916 | 2016-07-28 |
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EP16206177.4A Active EP3276635B1 (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-22 | Rubber or plastic hose line and method for its manufacture |
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CN109378118A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 江苏艾克亚特电缆科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-insect bite novel cable |
CN110189865B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2024-07-16 | 广东朝阳电子科技股份有限公司 | Three-color tooth pattern flat wire manufacturing method and structure thereof |
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DE102016125364B4 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
EP3276635A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
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